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Born in 1940 in rural Minas Gerais State, Marques migrated to S\u00e3o Paulo with her husband in 1958 where they settled in its southern periphery. Marques was an early leader of the mothers' clubs (clubes de m\u00e3es), groups of women organized through the Catholic Church. In 1973, Odete Marques helped write an open letter from the mothers' clubs to Brazil's military dictator, Em\u00edlio M\u00e9dici, protesting high food prices and cost of living. That letter, addressed from the \"mothers of the periphery,\" triggered a regime crackdown on popular organizing but also gave rise to the largest popular movement of the dictatorship era, the Cost of Living Movement (Movimento do Custo de Vida). In this movement and others up to the present, Marques advocated for the rights of working people and women. Her poem, Veteranas (2001) or Veterans, narrates the rise of the mothers' clubs amid the dictatorship and her bittersweet memories of those years. Like much poetry in another language, meaning can be difficult to translate: even the title when rendered into English loses Marques's purposeful use of the feminine \"a\" to refer to her female comrades. Still, the poem translated below offers a unique glimpse into one leading activist's memories of women's organizing in the periphery during the dictatorship. The line \"we left our houses in search of addresses\" evokes the precarious title to their land that many rural migrants held in the periphery. Indeed, the millions of migrants to the periphery in those years found it completely devoid of basic urban infrastructure and essential state services, a fact which Marques documents in detailed fashion. But after recounting the unfinished work of her comrades, Marques chooses to end her account of these years by evoking the poem's title, \"We are the veterans (veteranas) that confronted the dictatorship.\" To hear Odete Marques read her poem, click the audio clip below the following English translation. Collection: \"Songs of Revolution\" Special Exhibit. Audio: Odete Maria Ant\u00f4nia Marques, interview with Daniel McDonald, February 23, 2018, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. English Translation by Daniel McDonald It was in the 1970s that it all began. We left our homes in search of addresses. We needed to research for the struggle to begin. Everything here was awful, no electricity, no water, no sewers no daycares, no schools, no health clinics. The need was vast, children in the street [exposed] to the sun, the rain, the moon. We began to rise, youths, women, and men in the hope of changing our country for the better. We suffered repression and from much doubt. For our group, the sacrifice was great. The terror of our comrades, fearing our imprisonment. There was even separation, but within our hearts the hope was great [for] we had much faith. With each victory, joy exploded in our assemblies, in our celebrations, in our prayers. God the father we thanked for our courage and stubbornness and for our unity. And now, so much time has passed and the struggle continues. She who the struggle embraced cannot falter. We embraced the party and we made it grow. Our children already have children and yet nothing is set in stone. We are the veterans that fought the dictatorship. And here in our country, we fight with love, trying to make happy the working people."], "mods_abstract_ssim": ["A gifted poet and singer, Odete Marques became an important grassroots leader in S\u00e3o Paulo's southern urban periphery during Brazil's military dictatorship (1964-1985). Born in 1940 in rural Minas Gerais State, Marques migrated to S\u00e3o Paulo with her husband in 1958 where they settled in its southern periphery. Marques was an early leader of the mothers' clubs (clubes de m\u00e3es), groups of women organized through the Catholic Church. In 1973, Odete Marques helped write an open letter from the mothers' clubs to Brazil's military dictator, Em\u00edlio M\u00e9dici, protesting high food prices and cost of living. That letter, addressed from the \"mothers of the periphery,\" triggered a regime crackdown on popular organizing but also gave rise to the largest popular movement of the dictatorship era, the Cost of Living Movement (Movimento do Custo de Vida). In this movement and others up to the present, Marques advocated for the rights of working people and women. Her poem, Veteranas (2001) or Veterans, narrates the rise of the mothers' clubs amid the dictatorship and her bittersweet memories of those years. Like much poetry in another language, meaning can be difficult to translate: even the title when rendered into English loses Marques's purposeful use of the feminine \"a\" to refer to her female comrades. Still, the poem translated below offers a unique glimpse into one leading activist's memories of women's organizing in the periphery during the dictatorship. The line \"we left our houses in search of addresses\" evokes the precarious title to their land that many rural migrants held in the periphery. Indeed, the millions of migrants to the periphery in those years found it completely devoid of basic urban infrastructure and essential state services, a fact which Marques documents in detailed fashion. 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Vaporization associated with impacting comets and asteroids controls much of the geophysical and compositional evolution of planetary systems. A sampling of planetary science problems traceable to impact vaporization phenomena include: generation and deposition of nanophase iron within lunar soil rims, the Moon-forming impact, the accretionary histories of the icy satellites, erosion of the early Martian atmosphere, target degassing consequences for the terrestrial biosphere from catastrophic impacts, and impact delivery of organics or volatiles to planetary surfaces. Numerical methods to constrain impact vaporization have made enormous strides over the past two decades, perhaps catalyzed (in part) by the fortuitous 1994 impact of Jupiter by Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9. Such planetary-scale impact \"experiments\" provide rare glimpses of the remarkable, high-energy vapor plumes released during impact events. Accurate modeling of impact-generated vapor, however, relies heavily upon the availability of robust equations of state and constitutive relations for the target and projectile materials of interest. Continued work to constrain the behavior of geologic materials at high temperatures and pressures, coupled with accelerating parallel computing capabilities, has opened up a new frontier of planetary-scale impact vaporization problems, as evidenced by recent, vigorous work on the Moon-forming impact. While numerical methods are powerful and necessary for considering planetary-magnitude events, experimental strategies to characterize impact vaporization remain critical for testing the roles of various impactor and target material models. Furthermore, modeling of oblique impacts remains relatively difficult and computationally expensive; certain experimentally resolved trends, including enhanced vaporization at lower incidence angles, are not yet captured numerically. Nature favors oblique impacts: the impact angle probability distribution peaks at 45 degrees. Hence, a comprehensive approach to impact vaporization problems will consider impacts beyond the frequently modeled 90 degree case. Here we employ a hybrid approach: both experimental and numerical methods provide complementary insights to impact vaporization phenomena. A wide range of planetary science problems are considered, but all are intimately tied to the way in which planetary surfaces and impactors vaporize."], "mods_abstract_ssim": ["Upon hypervelocity impact, projectile and target materials are frequently shocked to pressures and temperatures sufficient to induce complete vaporization. Vaporization associated with impacting comets and asteroids controls much of the geophysical and compositional evolution of planetary systems. A sampling of planetary science problems traceable to impact vaporization phenomena include: generation and deposition of nanophase iron within lunar soil rims, the Moon-forming impact, the accretionary histories of the icy satellites, erosion of the early Martian atmosphere, target degassing consequences for the terrestrial biosphere from catastrophic impacts, and impact delivery of organics or volatiles to planetary surfaces. Numerical methods to constrain impact vaporization have made enormous strides over the past two decades, perhaps catalyzed (in part) by the fortuitous 1994 impact of Jupiter by Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9. Such planetary-scale impact \"experiments\" provide rare glimpses of the remarkable, high-energy vapor plumes released during impact events. Accurate modeling of impact-generated vapor, however, relies heavily upon the availability of robust equations of state and constitutive relations for the target and projectile materials of interest. Continued work to constrain the behavior of geologic materials at high temperatures and pressures, coupled with accelerating parallel computing capabilities, has opened up a new frontier of planetary-scale impact vaporization problems, as evidenced by recent, vigorous work on the Moon-forming impact. While numerical methods are powerful and necessary for considering planetary-magnitude events, experimental strategies to characterize impact vaporization remain critical for testing the roles of various impactor and target material models. Furthermore, modeling of oblique impacts remains relatively difficult and computationally expensive; certain experimentally resolved trends, including enhanced vaporization at lower incidence angles, are not yet captured numerically. Nature favors oblique impacts: the impact angle probability distribution peaks at 45 degrees. Hence, a comprehensive approach to impact vaporization problems will consider impacts beyond the frequently modeled 90 degree case. Here we employ a hybrid approach: both experimental and numerical methods provide complementary insights to impact vaporization phenomena. A wide range of planetary science problems are considered, but all are intimately tied to the way in which planetary surfaces and impactors vaporize."], "mods_access_condition_rights_text_tsim": ["In Copyright"], "mods_access_condition_rights_link_ssim": ["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"], "mods_access_condition_restriction_text_tsim": ["Collection is open for research."], "mods_copyrightDate_ssim": ["2014"], "mods_dateAll_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate_year_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate_month_ssim": ["01"], "copyrightDate_month_text_ssim": ["January"], "mods_dateAll_year_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "date_dsi": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "mods_id_doi_ssi": "10.7301/Z08050Z0", "mods_id": "etd1350", "mods_language_ssim": ["eng", "English"], "mods_language_code_ssim": ["eng"], "mods_language_text_ssim": ["English"], "genre": ["theses"], "mods_genre_aat_ssim": ["theses"], "genre_aat": ["theses"], "name": ["Syal, Megan B.", "Schultz, Peter", "Barr, Amy", "Pieters, Carle", "Mustard, John", "Meech, Karen", "Brown University. Geological Sciences"], "mods_role_ssim": ["creator", "Director", "Reader", "sponsor"], "mods_role_creator_ssim": ["Syal, Megan B."], "mods_name_nonplace_ssim": ["Syal, Megan B.", "Schultz, Peter", "Barr, Amy", "Pieters, Carle", "Mustard, John", "Meech, Karen", "Brown University. Geological Sciences"], "creator": ["Syal, Megan B."], "creator_string": ["Syal, Megan B."], "contributor_display": ["Syal, Megan B. (creator)", "Schultz, Peter (Director)", "Barr, Amy (Reader)", "Pieters, Carle (Reader)", "Mustard, John (Reader)", "Meech, Karen (Reader)", "Brown University. Geological Sciences (sponsor)"], "mods_role_director_ssim": ["Schultz, Peter"], "contributor": ["Schultz, Peter", "Barr, Amy", "Pieters, Carle", "Mustard, John", "Meech, Karen", "Brown University. Geological Sciences"], "contributor_string": ["Schultz, Peter", "Barr, Amy", "Pieters, Carle", "Mustard, John", "Meech, Karen", "Brown University. 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Geological Sciences"], "note": ["Thesis (Ph.D. -- Brown University (2014)"], "mods_physicalDescription_extent_ssim": ["xiv, 232 p."], "mods_physicalDescription_digitalOrigin_ssim": ["born digital"], "subject": ["Moon"], "mods_geographic_ssim": ["Moon"], "keyword": ["Impact Crater", "Vaporization", "Asteroid", "Comet", "Planetary science"], "mods_subject_ssim": ["Impact Crater", "Vaporization", "Asteroid", "Comet", "Planetary science"], "mods_subject_fast_ssim": ["Planetary science"], "mods_subject_joined_ssim": ["Impact Crater", "Vaporization", "Asteroid", "Comet", "Planetary science", "Moon"], "mods_subject_joined_fast_ssim": ["Planetary science", "Moon"], "mods_type_of_resource": ["dissertations"], "mods_title_full_tsim": ["Impact Vaporization: Experimental and Numerical Insights"], "mods_title_full_primary_tsi": "Impact Vaporization: Experimental and Numerical Insights", "primary_title": "Impact Vaporization: Experimental and Numerical Insights", "primary_title_txt_en_split": "Impact Vaporization: Experimental and Numerical Insights", "resource_type_ssi": "dissertations", "timestamp": "2021-11-23T11:47:31.263Z", "title_si": "Impact Vaporization: Experimental and Numerical Insights"}, {"pid": "bdr:386316", "fed_created_dsi": "2014-10-16T14:31:12.531Z", "object_created_dsi": "2014-10-16T14:31:12.531Z", "fed_last_modified_dsi": "2021-11-23T11:47:33.531Z", "object_last_modified_dsi": "2021-11-23T11:47:33.531Z", "storage_location_ssi": "ocfl", "datastreams_ssi": "{\"rightsMetadata\": {\"mimeType\": \"application/octet-stream\", \"size\": 1103, \"checksum\": \"211b5c5b126abf23452930c732f50446b943584379c58f3dc29d353a7c450015854813ae68c4af6c57f3d9d291000be4552b3a41f1acb9517a0633ceb5355e6f\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2018-07-06T16:49:56.346000Z\"}, \"EXTRACTED_TEXT\": {\"mimeType\": \"text/plain\", \"size\": 393009, \"checksum\": \"22128157e65315fdcb8bd12896ad8425e1734ce0b201eee801a011c8104336f3d9d150f3faeecd5e5e7640cb58a6a717e75bb10614ee091cb3d1f8f49fc9aa2f\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2019-07-29T16:34:30.200000Z\"}, \"irMetadata\": {\"mimeType\": \"application/octet-stream\", \"size\": 471, \"checksum\": \"5468cdf89bf462f3cb8b980fb28386d49a1c114a696f90590e6b15ee7d5631e09dc59ec3d0c544fe416910d0e0599cf559adbdac90f95d5d8e72cca46be09f7f\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2014-10-16T14:31:12.531000Z\"}, \"DC\": {\"mimeType\": \"application/octet-stream\", \"size\": 339, \"checksum\": \"8dc05efbc15b3b11f89bc28263d2c6fe094d3bfbe8f327eac43caadbccd580e61aa5b744ae4b784774e8657f6ae562598637e2173e5da048c033467eff8c2084\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2014-10-16T14:31:12.531000Z\"}, \"RELS-INT\": {\"mimeType\": \"text/xml\", \"size\": 544, \"checksum\": \"8fb332990834a3b75629541d2c0e6b0b1e9d2e91b975ed183bb7d462d2ba550b3de5dbbbba71141ab6c56a58423928ee74986857407df5f33d395362ae2ec8be\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2019-07-29T16:34:30.325000Z\"}, \"MODS\": {\"mimeType\": \"text/xml\", \"size\": 6790, \"checksum\": \"b22381fcde47ae6d5cff13035f3660f2e14a71b4e1d226ee9490a671e3847724e320393c77347296f13fca60fee465efb7a2aae7328d5b1993da235737f13183\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2021-08-09T14:53:52.013319Z\"}, \"RELS-EXT\": {\"mimeType\": \"text/xml\", \"size\": 736, \"checksum\": \"e35cb747f4dfc03a9dd15e9df1fee352f41d770257b663a6993dafd5e8771c2e6985f46dfd92b87e7cfee8d5f35351c55495c33c8bc185bf2006c4d9ce289f3c\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2021-11-23T11:47:33.531168Z\"}, \"PDF\": {\"mimeType\": \"application/pdf\", \"size\": 15294524, \"checksum\": \"e8e75db464857826ac6d77cb7279fffda767e9dc763e741fa98010f3b07208692d09829abfb0f6e99f091839dac99eaf7eacf84811e3cc9d885fa16083f3225b\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2014-10-16T14:31:12.531000Z\"}, \"thumbnail\": {\"mimeType\": \"application/octet-stream\", \"size\": 2300, \"checksum\": \"e931c08bba2fac501f711065619e6b0c0772109edb85dcd5fc8f452733a1043159b8f287206fc9df2bc1c7eb7992c709f162e5f75eece5ed14a173e0a1781dbf\", \"checksumType\": \"SHA-512\", \"lastModified\": \"2015-07-28T13:40:52.915000Z\"}}", "fed_object_size_lsi": 15699816, "object_size_lsi": 15699816, "rel_content_models_ssim": ["commonMetadata", "pdf"], "rel_object_type_ssi": "pdf", "object_type": "pdf", "rel_is_member_of_collection_ssim": ["bdr:2rdc7d9g"], "rel_type_facet_ssim": ["Doctoral Dissertation"], "rel_embargo_years_ssim": ["2016"], "deposit_date": "2014-10-16T00:00:00Z", "collection_date": "2014-10-16T00:00:00Z", "ir_collection_id": [315], "ir_collection_name": ["Biology and Medicine", "Pathobiology", "Theses and Dissertations"], "_display_public_bsi": true, "_display_brown_bsi": true, "_display_private_bsi": false, "abstract": ["Neutrophil-mediated host defense against pathogens includes the extrusion of a lattice of DNA and microbicidal enzymes known as Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). The receptor:ligand interactions and intracellular signaling mechanisms responsible for elaborating NETs were determined for the response to Candida albicans. Since the host response of extravasated neutrophils to mycotic infections within tissues necessitates contact with ECM, this study also identified a novel and significant regulatory role for the ubiquitous matrix component fibronectin (Fn) in NET release. We report that recognition of purified fungal pathogen-associated molecular pattern \u03b2-glucan by human neutrophils causes rapid (\u2264 30 mins) homotypic aggregation and NET release by a mechanism that requires Fn. Alone, immobilized \u03b2-glucan induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production but not NET release, whereas in the context of Fn, ROS production is suppressed and NETs are extruded. NET release to Fn + \u03b2-glucan is robust, accounting for 17.2 \u00b1 3.4% of total DNA in the cell population. Release is dependent on \u03b2-glucan recognition by CR3 (CD11b/CD18), but not Dectin-1, or ROS. The process of NET release included filling of intracellular vesicles with nuclear material that was eventually extruded. We identify a role for ERK in homotypic aggregation and NET release. NET formation to C. albicans hyphae was also found to depend on \u03b2-glucan recognition by CR3, require Fn and ERK but not ROS, and results in hyphal destruction. We report a new regulatory mechanism of NETosis in which the extracellular matrix is a key component of the rapid anti-fungal response. We also report that neonatal neutrophils formed aggregates and released NETs rapidly and independent of ROS production. Providing additional evidence of the ROS independent mechanism of aggregation and NET release, neutrophils from Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) patients formed large homotypic aggregates and released NETs to \u03b2-glucan and Fn. Therefore, the susceptibility of these immunocompromised populations to fungal infections may not be due to an inherent inability of neutrophils to aggregate and produce NETs in response to the fungal PAMP \u03b2-glucan. Ultimately, we hope innovative therapeutic approaches can mediate a regulatory balance in immunocompromised patients to improve health outcomes."], "mods_abstract_ssim": ["Neutrophil-mediated host defense against pathogens includes the extrusion of a lattice of DNA and microbicidal enzymes known as Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). The receptor:ligand interactions and intracellular signaling mechanisms responsible for elaborating NETs were determined for the response to Candida albicans. Since the host response of extravasated neutrophils to mycotic infections within tissues necessitates contact with ECM, this study also identified a novel and significant regulatory role for the ubiquitous matrix component fibronectin (Fn) in NET release. We report that recognition of purified fungal pathogen-associated molecular pattern \u03b2-glucan by human neutrophils causes rapid (\u2264 30 mins) homotypic aggregation and NET release by a mechanism that requires Fn. Alone, immobilized \u03b2-glucan induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production but not NET release, whereas in the context of Fn, ROS production is suppressed and NETs are extruded. NET release to Fn + \u03b2-glucan is robust, accounting for 17.2 \u00b1 3.4% of total DNA in the cell population. Release is dependent on \u03b2-glucan recognition by CR3 (CD11b/CD18), but not Dectin-1, or ROS. The process of NET release included filling of intracellular vesicles with nuclear material that was eventually extruded. We identify a role for ERK in homotypic aggregation and NET release. NET formation to C. albicans hyphae was also found to depend on \u03b2-glucan recognition by CR3, require Fn and ERK but not ROS, and results in hyphal destruction. We report a new regulatory mechanism of NETosis in which the extracellular matrix is a key component of the rapid anti-fungal response. We also report that neonatal neutrophils formed aggregates and released NETs rapidly and independent of ROS production. Providing additional evidence of the ROS independent mechanism of aggregation and NET release, neutrophils from Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) patients formed large homotypic aggregates and released NETs to \u03b2-glucan and Fn. Therefore, the susceptibility of these immunocompromised populations to fungal infections may not be due to an inherent inability of neutrophils to aggregate and produce NETs in response to the fungal PAMP \u03b2-glucan. Ultimately, we hope innovative therapeutic approaches can mediate a regulatory balance in immunocompromised patients to improve health outcomes."], "mods_access_condition_rights_text_tsim": ["In Copyright"], "mods_access_condition_rights_link_ssim": ["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"], "mods_access_condition_restriction_text_tsim": ["Collection is open for research."], "mods_copyrightDate_ssim": ["2014"], "mods_dateAll_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate_year_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate_month_ssim": ["01"], "copyrightDate_month_text_ssim": ["January"], "mods_dateAll_year_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "date_dsi": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "mods_id_doi_ssi": "10.7301/Z0VQ312H", "mods_id": "etd1353", "mods_language_ssim": ["eng", "English"], "mods_language_code_ssim": ["eng"], "mods_language_text_ssim": ["English"], "genre": ["theses"], "mods_genre_aat_ssim": ["theses"], "genre_aat": ["theses"], "name": ["Byrd, Angel Shree'", "Reichner, Jonathan", "Gruppuso, Philip", "Sanders, Jennifer", "Frackelton, A. Raymond", "Salomon, Arthur", "Brown University. BIOMED: Pathobiology"], "mods_role_ssim": ["creator", "Director", "Reader", "sponsor"], "mods_role_creator_ssim": ["Byrd, Angel Shree'"], "mods_name_nonplace_ssim": ["Byrd, Angel Shree'", "Reichner, Jonathan", "Gruppuso, Philip", "Sanders, Jennifer", "Frackelton, A. Raymond", "Salomon, Arthur", "Brown University. BIOMED: Pathobiology"], "creator": ["Byrd, Angel Shree'"], "creator_string": ["Byrd, Angel Shree'"], "contributor_display": ["Byrd, Angel Shree' (creator)", "Reichner, Jonathan (Director)", "Gruppuso, Philip (Reader)", "Sanders, Jennifer (Reader)", "Frackelton, A. Raymond (Reader)", "Salomon, Arthur (Reader)", "Brown University. BIOMED: Pathobiology (sponsor)"], "mods_role_director_ssim": ["Reichner, Jonathan"], "contributor": ["Reichner, Jonathan", "Gruppuso, Philip", "Sanders, Jennifer", "Frackelton, A. Raymond", "Salomon, Arthur", "Brown University. 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BIOMED: Pathobiology"], "note": ["Thesis (Ph.D. -- Brown University (2014)"], "mods_physicalDescription_extent_ssim": ["xlix, 237 p."], "mods_physicalDescription_digitalOrigin_ssim": ["born digital"], "keyword": ["NEONATES", "CGD", "MYELOPOEISIS", "ECM", "and NETS", "Newborn infants", "Phagocytes", "Granulocytes", "Colegio de Me\u0301xico"], "mods_subject_ssim": ["NEONATES", "CGD", "MYELOPOEISIS", "ECM", "and NETS", "Newborn infants", "Phagocytes", "Granulocytes", "Colegio de Me\u0301xico"], "mods_subject_fast_ssim": ["Newborn infants", "Phagocytes", "Granulocytes", "Colegio de Me\u0301xico"], "mods_subject_joined_ssim": ["NEONATES", "CGD", "MYELOPOEISIS", "ECM", "and NETS", "Newborn infants", "Phagocytes", "Granulocytes", "Colegio de Me\u0301xico"], "mods_subject_joined_fast_ssim": ["Newborn infants", "Phagocytes", "Granulocytes", "Colegio de Me\u0301xico"], "mods_type_of_resource": ["dissertations"], "mods_title_full_tsim": ["Abstract of, \u201cRegulation of Human Neutrophil Functions by the Integrin, CR3 \u2013 An Extracellular Matrix-Based Mechanism of Rapid Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation\u201d by Angel S. Byrd, Ph.D., Brown University, May 2014"], "mods_title_full_primary_tsi": "Abstract of, \u201cRegulation of Human Neutrophil Functions by the Integrin, CR3 \u2013 An Extracellular Matrix-Based Mechanism of Rapid Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation\u201d by Angel S. Byrd, Ph.D., Brown University, May 2014", "primary_title": "Abstract of, \u201cRegulation of Human Neutrophil Functions by the Integrin, CR3 \u2013 An Extracellular Matrix-Based Mechanism of Rapid Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation\u201d by Angel S. Byrd, Ph.D., Brown University, May 2014", "primary_title_txt_en_split": "Abstract of, \u201cRegulation of Human Neutrophil Functions by the Integrin, CR3 \u2013 An Extracellular Matrix-Based Mechanism of Rapid Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation\u201d by Angel S. Byrd, Ph.D., Brown University, May 2014", "resource_type_ssi": "dissertations", "timestamp": "2021-11-23T11:47:34.564Z", "title_si": "Abstract of, \u201cRegulation of Human Neutrophil Functions by the Integrin, CR3 \u2013 An Extracellular Matrix-Based Mechanism of Rapid Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation\u201d by Angel S. 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I address this question by generating millennial- and orbital-scale leaf wax hydrogen isotope (\u03b42Hwax) records spanning a climate gradient in East Asia. Orbital-scale isotope-enabled transient climate model data demonstrate that temperature has a significant impact on orbital-scale precipitation isotopes throughout China. I use independent molecular temperature records to remove the effect of temperature from \u03b42Hwax, yielding records that reflect source area and transport history, two factors related to atmospheric circulation. These records suggest that the mechanisms that influence orbital-scale circulation differ by region. In southern China, circulation is controlled by Northern Hemisphere insolation with a minor influence of ice volume. In central China, circulation is more strongly influenced by ice volume due to proximity to the mid-latitude westerly winds, the strength of which is tightly linked to Northern Hemisphere ice volume. These results highlight the importance of considering temperature and regionally variable precipitation seasonality and source dynamics when interpreting East Asian precipitation isotope records. A 32,000 year-long core from Lake Qinghai provides an opportunity to study the interaction of westerly and monsoon air masses on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. I use \u03b42Hwax to distinguish between isotopically distinct source areas, and leaf wax carbon isotopes to reconstruct plant ecosystem changes. The cold, arid glacial period was dominated by westerly precipitation and by cold-adapted C3 plants. During the Lateglacial and early Holocene, higher summer insolation caused monsoon circulation to reach the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. The resulting warm, wet summers allowed warm-adapted C4 plants to thrive in this region. Millennial-scale cool, arid events superimposed on the deglacial warming and wetting were likely forced by North Atlantic freshwater pulses. 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I use independent molecular temperature records to remove the effect of temperature from \u03b42Hwax, yielding records that reflect source area and transport history, two factors related to atmospheric circulation. These records suggest that the mechanisms that influence orbital-scale circulation differ by region. In southern China, circulation is controlled by Northern Hemisphere insolation with a minor influence of ice volume. In central China, circulation is more strongly influenced by ice volume due to proximity to the mid-latitude westerly winds, the strength of which is tightly linked to Northern Hemisphere ice volume. These results highlight the importance of considering temperature and regionally variable precipitation seasonality and source dynamics when interpreting East Asian precipitation isotope records. A 32,000 year-long core from Lake Qinghai provides an opportunity to study the interaction of westerly and monsoon air masses on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. I use \u03b42Hwax to distinguish between isotopically distinct source areas, and leaf wax carbon isotopes to reconstruct plant ecosystem changes. The cold, arid glacial period was dominated by westerly precipitation and by cold-adapted C3 plants. During the Lateglacial and early Holocene, higher summer insolation caused monsoon circulation to reach the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. The resulting warm, wet summers allowed warm-adapted C4 plants to thrive in this region. Millennial-scale cool, arid events superimposed on the deglacial warming and wetting were likely forced by North Atlantic freshwater pulses. This suite of temperature and stable isotope paleoclimate records in East Asia enhances our understanding of climate and ecosystem dynamics on a range of time scales. 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"rel_is_member_of_collection_ssim": ["bdr:bgx4t88z"], "rel_type_facet_ssim": ["Doctoral Dissertation"], "deposit_date": "2014-10-16T00:00:00Z", "collection_date": "2014-10-16T00:00:00Z", "ir_collection_id": [311], "ir_collection_name": ["Biology and Medicine", "Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry", "Theses and Dissertations"], "_display_public_bsi": true, "_display_brown_bsi": false, "_display_private_bsi": false, "abstract": ["Communication between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes is vital for cellular function. The assembly of mitochondrial enzyme complexes that produce the majority of cellular energy require the coordinated expression and translation of both mitochondrial and nuclear encoded proteins. The joint genetic architecture of this system complicates the basis of mitochondrial diseases, and mutations in both mtDNA- and nuclear-encoded genes have been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction. Previously, in a set of mitochondrial-nuclear introgression strains we characterized a dual genome epistasis in which a naturally occurring mutation in the D. simulans simw501 mtDNA interacts with a mutation in the nuclear encoded mitochondrial localized tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from D. melanogaster. Each SNP alone does not have a large fitness effect, but when co-expressed a suite of deleterious phenotypes are seen. Here we show that the incompatible mitochondrial-nuclear combination results in locomotor defects, reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity, decreased OXPHOS enzyme activity, and sever alterations in mitochondrial morphology. Transgenic rescue strains containing nuclear variants of the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase are sufficient to rescue many of the deleterious phenotypes identified when paired with the simw501 mtDNA. This study provides a mitochondrial-nuclear introgression model that can be effectively used to dissect the molecular basis of mitochondrial diseases and provide insight into the joint genetic architecture of mitochondrial function and translation."], "mods_abstract_ssim": ["Communication between the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes is vital for cellular function. The assembly of mitochondrial enzyme complexes that produce the majority of cellular energy require the coordinated expression and translation of both mitochondrial and nuclear encoded proteins. The joint genetic architecture of this system complicates the basis of mitochondrial diseases, and mutations in both mtDNA- and nuclear-encoded genes have been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction. Previously, in a set of mitochondrial-nuclear introgression strains we characterized a dual genome epistasis in which a naturally occurring mutation in the D. simulans simw501 mtDNA interacts with a mutation in the nuclear encoded mitochondrial localized tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from D. melanogaster. Each SNP alone does not have a large fitness effect, but when co-expressed a suite of deleterious phenotypes are seen. Here we show that the incompatible mitochondrial-nuclear combination results in locomotor defects, reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity, decreased OXPHOS enzyme activity, and sever alterations in mitochondrial morphology. Transgenic rescue strains containing nuclear variants of the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase are sufficient to rescue many of the deleterious phenotypes identified when paired with the simw501 mtDNA. This study provides a mitochondrial-nuclear introgression model that can be effectively used to dissect the molecular basis of mitochondrial diseases and provide insight into the joint genetic architecture of mitochondrial function and translation."], "mods_access_condition_rights_text_tsim": ["In Copyright"], "mods_access_condition_rights_link_ssim": ["http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"], "mods_access_condition_restriction_text_tsim": ["Collection is open for research."], "mods_copyrightDate_ssim": ["2014"], "mods_dateAll_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate_year_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate_month_ssim": ["01"], "copyrightDate_month_text_ssim": ["January"], "mods_dateAll_year_ssim": ["2014"], "copyrightDate": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "date_dsi": "2014-01-01T00:00:00Z", "mods_id_doi_ssi": "10.7301/Z00G3HJD", "mods_id": "etd1352", "mods_language_ssim": ["eng", "English"], "mods_language_code_ssim": ["eng"], "mods_language_text_ssim": ["English"], "genre": ["theses"], "mods_genre_aat_ssim": ["theses"], "genre_aat": ["theses"], "name": ["Holmbeck, Marissa Ann", "Rand, David", "Helfand, Stephen", "Tatar, Marc", "Hart, Anne", "Schon, Eric", "Brown University. 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BIOMED: Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry"], "note": ["Thesis (Ph.D. -- Brown University (2014)"], "mods_physicalDescription_extent_ssim": ["xv, 189 p."], "mods_physicalDescription_digitalOrigin_ssim": ["born digital"], "keyword": ["disease", "Mitochondria"], "mods_subject_ssim": ["disease", "Mitochondria"], "mods_subject_fast_ssim": ["Mitochondria"], "mods_subject_joined_ssim": ["disease", "Mitochondria"], "mods_subject_joined_fast_ssim": ["Mitochondria"], "mods_type_of_resource": ["dissertations"], "mods_title_full_tsim": ["Mitochondrial-Nuclear Interactions and Environmental Conditions that Impact Drosophila Physiology and Lifespan"], "mods_title_full_primary_tsi": "Mitochondrial-Nuclear Interactions and Environmental Conditions that Impact Drosophila Physiology and Lifespan", "primary_title": "Mitochondrial-Nuclear Interactions and Environmental Conditions that Impact Drosophila Physiology and Lifespan", "primary_title_txt_en_split": "Mitochondrial-Nuclear Interactions and Environmental Conditions that Impact Drosophila Physiology and Lifespan", "resource_type_ssi": "dissertations", "timestamp": "2021-11-23T11:47:33.436Z", "title_si": "Mitochondrial-Nuclear Interactions and Environmental Conditions that Impact Drosophila Physiology and Lifespan"}]}, "links": {"login": "https://repository.library.brown.edu/api/login/?next=/api/search/"}}