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Optical Stimulation and Spatiotemporal Electrical Recording ni Genetically Targeted Brain Tissue

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Abstract:
Neural stimulation with spatial and temporal precision is desirable both for studying the real-time dynamics of neural networks, and for prospective clinical treatment of neurological diseases. Optical stimulation of genetically targeted neurons expressing the light sensitive channel Channelrhodopsin (ChR2) has recently been reported as a method for millisecond temporal control of neuronal spiking activities with cell-type selectivity. In this thesis, I present a novel dual-modality device which consists of a tapered coaxial optical waveguide "optrode" integrated into a 100 element multi-electrode microscale intracortical recording array. The structure was designed by considering general guided wave electromagnetic principles for the "optrode" on one hand, and the photon diffusion/scattering in the brain tissue from a micron-size shaped aperture, on the other. The dual optical delivery and electrical recording capability of the optrode was first demonstrated and validated in in vitro preparations of mouse retina, photostimulating the native retinal photoreceptors while recording light-responsive activities from ganglion cells. The dual-modality device was then used in ChR2 transfected mouse brain slices. Specifically, epileptiform events are reliably optically triggered by the optrode, and their spatiotemporal patterns are simultaneously recorded through the multi-electrode array, and shown to be consistent with models for epileptiform wave-like propagation.
Notes:
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Brown University (2010)

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Citation

Zhang, Jiayi, "Optical Stimulation and Spatiotemporal Electrical Recording ni Genetically Targeted Brain Tissue" (2009). Physics Theses and Dissertations. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library. https://doi.org/10.7301/Z0TQ5ZT0

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