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              <div type="front"><ab>

 10 Cents a Copy

William Allen White

  $1.00 a Year

McCLURES MAGAZINE

    FOR SEPTEMBER

 How Roosevelt Uncovered The Postal frauds

 PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE S. S. McCLURE CO., Cor. 23d St. and 4th Ave., NEW YORKCITY

 10 Norfolk Street, Strand, London, Eng. Copyright 1904 by The S. S. McClure Co. Entered at N. Y. Post-Office as Second-Class Mail Matter
 
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 [pgbrk] ft	--	-	— 

  PEARS* SOAP

  ALONE CONTAINS THE QUALITY THAT

  MAKES WOMANLY BEAUTY RADIANT

                 An ideal addition to the toilet is Pears’ Lavender Water.

*'All rights secured
 [pgbrk] MeCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 Uniform success in baking comes from using the flour of uni formity—GOLD MEDAL. It makes bread, biscuit,rolls and pas try of a delicious, satisfying quality unattainable save from a flour made of rich glutenous wheat by our perfected process. To be absolutely sure you get the right kind always say GOLD MEDAL before you say flour.

                        Washburn-Crosby Co.

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

1
 [pgbrk] McC LUBE'S MAGAZINE

 gives natural beauty to the complexion. Its special medicinal properties yield a tonic-lather that leaves the skin like a baby’s cheek—fine, smooth, showing the clear pink and white of health.

         The skin soap. 25 cts. a cake.

Woodbury’s Facial Cream for sun=burned skin.

   Write for beauty booklet (FREE) or send 10 cts. in stamps for handsome brochure, 3 2 pages, 9x12 inches, containing

   large photographic portraits of leading actresses and actors.   RKjf

 THE ANDREW JEROENS CO., Sole Owners, Cincinnati, 0%k

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 2
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                   Contents for September, 1904

Illustration for “In the Closed Room”............................Frontispiece

        DRAWN BY JESSIE WILLCOX SMITH

Memories of the Beginning and End of

   the Southern Confederacy .... Louise Wigfall Wright 451

        ILLUSTRATED BY W. R. LEIGH AND WITH PHOTOGRAPHS

Babe Randolph’s Turning-point .            .    Robert Alexander   Wason  464

        ILLUSTRATED BY E. L. BLUMENSCHEIN

In the Closed Room..............................Frances  Hodgson Burnett  471

        PART TWO

        ILLUSTRATED IN COLOR BY JESSIE WILLCOX SMITH

The House of Fulfilment.........................George    Madden  Martin  481

        PART THREE—CHAPTER FOUR

One Hundred Masterpieces of Painting .             .  .  John La   Farge  491

        TRIUMPHS—PART ONE—FIFTH PAPER WITH REPRODUCTIONS IN TINT

The Friendly Fog......................................Henry   C. Rowland  499

        ILLUSTRATED BY JAMES COGGESHALL WILSON

Roosevelt and the Postal Frauds . . . William Allen White 506

        ILLUSTRATED WITH PORTRAITS

The Realm of Enchantment . . .                       Samuel Hopkins Adams 520

        ILLUSTRATED BY ORSON LOWELL

The History of the Standard Oil Company:

   Part Two: The Price of Oil.............................Ida M. Tarbell  532

        ILLUSTRATED WITH PORTRAITS AND DIAGRAMS

The Chump...................................... Charles  Fleming  Embree  549

        ILLUSTRATED BY LUCIUS W. HITCHCOCK

To a Wood Path.................................... . Florence  Wilkinson  560

        POEM

                      Entered as Second-Class Matter at New York (N. Y.) Post-Office, June 9, 1893.

   Copyright, 1904, and published monthly by The S. S. McClure Company, 44-60 East Twenty-third Street, New York.

                        terms:      $1.00 a year; io cents a number

3

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 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

McCLURE’S FOR OCTOBER

of the most perplexing questions in the labor situation, is the subject of Ray Stannard Baker’s next “astounding revelation” (N. 2 . Sun1 s comment on a previous “Great Labor Conflict” article).

      Ida M. Tarbell concludes her masterly “ History of the Standard Oil Company.” In this final article Miss Tarbell gives a comprehensive summing up of the facts concerning the great trust, and shows their import. Here is the climax of the series, the conclusions which public interest will seek.

                                                                       “ It has been reserved for the Nineteenth Century to produce a great woman historian.

        Ida M. Tarbell holds a place that is unique in the history of literature, and has proven herself to be one of the most commanding figures in American letters to-day.” ______________________ —Washington Times.

“The Open Shop , one

RAY STANNARD BAKER

    FICTION : The October Number will be particularly rich in fiction.

    Myra Kelly relates how one of her now famous East Side children got “ A Passport to Paradise ”; illustrated by Steele. Mary R. S. Andrews tells in “ A Good Samaritan ” of the farcical adventures of a theological student and a drunken friend; illustrated in tint by Charlotte Harding. Eugene Wood takes us back to the good old days in “The Firemen’s Tournament,” and like “The Sabbath School ” and “ The Swimming Hole ” (which all will recall) it not only refreshes but tickles old memories; illustrated by Martin Justice. Lloyd Os-bourne narrates the dramatic experiences of “ Glass-Eyed Bill.” George Madden Martin concludes her much-talked about serial, “ The House of Fulfilment.”                     _______________________

    Lincoln Steffens's next “Enemies of the Republic" article will be on Wisconsin and the battle there between Governor La Follette and Senator Spooner. It will probably appear in October.

    “ The Rawhidea serial by Stewart Edward White, with illustrations in color by Max field Parrish, will begin in the November number.

  10c a single copy, $1.00 for a year’s subscription. Get McClure’s from any Newsdealer or McClure Agent

  or from the Publishers, S. S. McCLURE CO.,              44-60 East Twenty-Third Street, New York, N. Y.

                                                   4
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                        THE WORKS OF

STEWART EDWARD WHITE

          The best selling book in America, according to the July Bookman

                   THE SILENT PLACES

                   Cloth, 12mo. Illustrated in colors. $1.50

                      [Originally published by The Outlook Co.]

                         THE FOREST

An informal guide for the traveler in the forest. Presented in the form of a narrative, and written in the breezy vein which has already made Mr. White famous through his novels. An unusual combination of information and entertainment. Cloth, 12mo. Illustrated. TVe/, $ 1.50

THE WESTERNERS

  Mr. White’s first novel

  Cloth, 12 mo. $1.50

                          CONJURORS HOUSE

                         A love story of the Hudson Bay Cloth, 12 mo. Illustrated. $1.25

    A classic of American literature

THE BLAZED TRAIL

Cloth, 12 mo

      Two books that will

      MY FRIEND PROSPERO

      By HENRY HARLAND

  The ideal book for September reading. Full of the bright warmth and glow of lovely days in early autumn, when but to be alive is a priceless boon.

  The joy of living is greatly enhanced by a good book. This is not only a good book, but the best to assist you to make the best of life.

  Cloth, 12 mo. Frontispiece. $1.50

Illustrated. $1.50

defy the touch of time

                      HE THAT EATETH BREAD WITH ME

                          By H. A. MITCHELL KEAYS

   Can you afford, when every one is discussing the problem of divorce, not to read a book which the best judges have called the most serious presentation of the evils involved in this cancer of our modern life, that has ever been made ?

   Of course you can not. Go at once to your bookseller or send to the publishers direct.

                               Cloth, 12mo. $1.50

             SEND FOR COMPLETE CATALOGUE OF PUBLICATIONS TO

  McCLURE, PHILLIPS and CO., 44-60 East 23d St., New York

  5
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                      A Word to the Wise

IT is a curious and significant fact that while all publishers, almost without exception, have been complaining of the book business this summer, and saying that it is the worst since 1893, we have been enjoying the most prosperous and successful season since we entered the field.

      Why is this? It is because success is never artificial and because the only books that sell steadily and in large quantities, are good books. Our books are good books. People have come to regard our imprint and our Anchor and Dolphin mark as the guarantee of quality. Following is a list of some of the books that have made the present season so profitable to us.

*** Check off the books you wish on this list, tear out the page and send it to your dealer or to us.

 (Earlp autumn Jftction

THE SILENT PLACES

     By Stewart Edward White.

                                                     Illustrated in color.

                                                MY FRIEND PROSPERO By Henry Harland.

HE THAT EATETH BREAD WITH ME By H. A. Mitchell Keays.

ROMANCE

     By Joseph Conrad and F. M. Huefier.

     Illustrated.

THE PICAROONS

     By Gelett Burgess and Will Irwin THE ADMIRABLE TINKER By Edgar. Jepson.

     Illustrated.

     ***Each of the above mailed on receipt of price, $1.50. A LITTLE UNION SCOUT By Joel Chandler Harris.

     Illustrated.

                                                 HEART OF MY HEART By Ellis Meredith.

DAUGHTERS OF DESPERATION By Hildegard Brooks.

     Illustrated.

     ***Each of the above mailed on receipt of price, $1.25.

               jl2atu« ana 2Dut of SDoons

INDIAN BOYHOOD

     By Charles A. Eastman (Ohiyesa).

     Illustrated by E. L. Blumenschein.

     Cloth, large i2mo. Net, $1.60.

SONGS OF NATURE

     Edited by John Burroughs.

     Cloth, i2mo. Portrait Frontispiece. $1.50. FOREST NEIGHBORS

     By William Davenport Hulbert.

     Cloth, large i2mo. Illustrated. Net, $1.50. LOVERS OF THE WOODS

     By W. H. Boardman.

     Cloth, i2mo. Frontispiece and Title in color. $1.50. NEXT TO THE GROUND

     By Martha McCulloch-Wtlliams Cloth, i2mo. Net, $1.20.

                                                   THE FLOWER GARDEN By Ida D. Bennett.

     Cloth, large i2mo. Illustrated. Net, $2.00. ASTRONOMY FOR EVERYBODY

     By Prof. Simon Newcomb.

     Cloth, large i2mo. Illustrated. Net, $2.00.

***In ordering net books add 7 % to list price for postage.

                            CHARLES WAGNER

will visit this country in October. Before hearing his lectures, read his three books, “ The Simple Life, The Better Way, and “By            the Fireside.” Send for descriptive list.

McCLURE, PHILLIPS and CO.                  44-60EAST23d STREET.N.Y.

 6
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

“TEe World’s Best Music”

     ABSOLUTELY FREE

 for five days’ exEv.mina.tion

    If there is a piano in your home, you are constantly buying sheet music—and paying high prices for it. It lies in ragged piles around the house and becomes scattered and torn. You lose money by buying music in that way, to say nothing of your loss^of time and temper when searching for a particular selection. Why not buy your music in volumes

filled with the best selections, and thoroughly indexed? The “Library of the World’s Best Music ” is designed for your needs. Its eight volumes—sheet music size, but light and easyT to handle—are crowded with the best vocal and instrumental music, carefully selected by an experienced corps of music editors. If you were to buy the music it contains, one piece at a time, it would cost you over $200.00. Through our Musical Library Club — for a limited time — the entire set will cost you one-tenth of that amount and you can pay in

What MARGARET E. 8AIVUSTER says:

  “ I have seldom seen anything- so well worth having- in one’s home. I have lingered over each part with peculiar pleasure, and have no hesitation in saying that you nave made a collection of great value, both in the music, and in the artistic and biographical features.”

           Little Monthly Payments

   “The World’s Best Music” is complete in eight large volumes (four vocal and four instrumental), 9x12 inches in size, attractively bound in half-leather or cloth. By means of an ingenious device in binding, the volumes open fiat at the piano and remain open. A set contains over 400 illustrations; including numerous chromatic art plates, printed in ten to twelve colors. There are 2,200 pages of sheet music in the entire library.

IF YOU ARE A PIANIST you will find this collection -------------------------------- of music invaluable. It contains 300 instrumental selections by the best composers, Including popular and operatic melodies, dances, funeral marches, and classic and romantic piano music. Such composers are represented as Paderewski, Gounod, Sullivan, Mascagni, Wagner, Mozart, Balfe, and Liszt.

IF YOU LIKE MUSIC but do not play yourself, you

---------------------------— cannot make   a better present to

your wife or daughter than a set of this Musical Library. It means evening after evening of pleasure, for it furnishes in the most compact and simple form all the world’s greatest music. This collection Is to music what the encyclopedia is to knowledge—the best of all properly proportioned.

IF YOU ARE A SINGER "The World’s Best Music” .------------------------------- will increase your reper-

toire. It will place in your hands 300 of the best old and new songs, duets, trios, and quartets, arranged for all voices and for piano accompaniment. The collection embraces all the old songs of your childhood days, besides the new and popular melodies of the last few years.

IF YOU ARE A STUDENT of music, you will find

--------------------------------- this Library more than

half a musical education. The selections have been made by Reginald DeKoven, Victor Herbert, Helen Kendrick Johnson, Gerrit Smith, and others equally well known in the musical world. As a musical cyclopedia it is unexcelled, as it contains 500 biographies of musicians and 400 portraits.

The Coupon Cuts the Price in Two!

   Our Musical library Club has secured an entirely new edition of “The World’s Best Music ” at a price slightly above the cost of paper and printing-. On this account we are able to offer it at about one-lialf the regular subscription prices— payable $1.00 or $2.00 a month. Through the Club—direct from the publisher to the customer—you can secure a set for $22.00 in cloth binding and $26.00 in half-leather. These sets regularly sell at $35.00 and $40.00. Our edition is small, so to avoid possible disappointment, mail the coupon to-day. We will then send you a set (express paid by us) for examination and use. After five days’ examination, if you are not satisfied, return the books to us at our expense.

ITDiTIT We have a small number of elegant oak=wood bookcases,

” !VJ2zl2ze that are made especially to hold a set of “ The World’s Best Music.” Their retail price is $4.00, but we have decided to offer them as premiums to prompt subscribers. To obtain a bookcase free with your set, it will be necessary to send the coupon at once. This bookcase is a present from us, and does not increase the cost of the books in any manner.

  The University Society,

                                                                                          78 New York4116

                                               McC 9-04

                                                                                                                                                                 and The

                             rV University Society, New York

                                                                                                                               Please send me on approval, express pre-paid, a set of “The World’s Best Music,” in half-leather. If satisfactory, I agree to pay $1.00 within 6 days and $2.00 per month there-after until f26.00 has been paid; V if not satisfactory I agree to return and the set within 6 days* Also send me +*• your $4.00 bookcase, which I am to retain, free of charge, if I keep the books.

Name..

O Street.............................City.,

            In ordering cloth, changp $26.00 to $22.00.

  If you prefer to pay $1.00 per month, alter coupon accordingly.

                                              Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                               7
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                     WHY ?

   From the time when we, as children, first begin to tantalize our parents with our incessant “ why,” until old age creeps upon us, our interest in the things about us never tires, for we seem to know somehow, without thinking it all out, that the story of the great fascinating world as it is, contains mere romance than any fiction. Heretofore, strange as it may seem, these stories have all been dry and deadly dull, locked up in text books or heavy works of science, so moldy, musty, and uninviting that our interest wanes almost before we commence to read.

NOW COMES A SPLENDID OPPORTUNITY FOR YOU AND EVERY WIDE-AWAKE MAN AND WOMAN

            The New Library of Valuable Knowledge

nr magnificent                                  -i AAA     graphic       ■

ZiD VOLUMES                                      1?UUU  ILLUSTRATIONS    t

              Told in the most delightfully entertaining way by the eminent scientists and scholars of America and Great Britain. Books called “Stories” because they are more fascinating than romance, yet revfealing in a concise and accurate manner, the wonders of the Universe and Man’s activities in it.

    If you are a scientist, student or scholar, and would enjoy refreshing your memory in the most delightful way on that knowledge it has taken you so long to acquire, cut the coupon off to=day.

    If you are a busy man or woman, with little time and no inclination to labor over dry-as-dust books, but want to know more about the world you live in ; if you recognize that such knowledge is more profitable to mind and pocket than any other; if you want evening after evening of entertainment and profit, cut the coupon off—now—before it slips your mind. 2W

    If you are a wide-awake young man or woman of inquiring mind and would like to be entertained while you get just that knowledge which will help you most throughout your life, sit right doWn not0 and cut the coupon off. WW

Whoever, whatever, wherever you are, no matter what your circumstances may be, here is a splendid opportunity for you. Here is the substance of a college education for only $2.00 a month. Here is something that you cannot afford to be without, now offered in such a way that you can afford to get it, SO cut the coupon off to-day. 1W

please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

  8
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                       SYMBOL ON CRETON STONE Story of Alphabet Page 149

                                      AN ASSAY OF BREAD Story of a Grain of Wheat—Page 35

                                                                    Story of Electricity Page 127

( L

J L

                                   TWENTY-FIVE PROFITABLE STORIES

 1. The Story of the Stars

 2. The Story of the Solar System

 3. The Story of Eclipses

 4. The Story of the Earth

 5. The Story of the Earth’s Atmosphere

 6. The Story of Germ Life

 7. The Story of the Plants

 8. The Story of Life in the Seas

 9. The Story of Animal Life

10. The Story of the Living Machine

11. The Story of a Piece of Coal

12. The Story of a Grain of Wheat

13. The Story of the Cotton Plant

14. The Story of Primitive Man

15. The Story of Extinct Civilizations of the West

16. The Story of Extinct Civilizations of the East.

17. The Story of the Alphabet

18. The Story of Geographical Discovery

19. The Story of the Art of Building

20. The Story of Music

21. The Story of Books

22. The Story of Photography

23. The Story of Electricity

24. The Story of Rapid Transit

25. The Story of the Mind

                                   Told in the most attractive manner by the fol» lowing Eminent Scientists and Scholars of America and Great Britain:

   Geo. F. Chambers, F. R. A. S.; Prof. H. G. Seeley, F. R. S.; Douglas Archibald, F. R. M,

S.; Prof. H. W. Conn; Grant Allen; Prof. S. J. Hickson; B. Lindsay; Edw. A. Martin, F. G. S.; Hon. W. C. Edgar; Frederick Wilkinson, F. G. S.; Edward Clodd, F. L. S.; Robert Anderson, M. A., F. A. S.; Jos. Jacobs; P. L. Waterhouse, R. I. B. A.; F. J. Crowest; G. B. Rawlings; A. T. Story; John Munro, C. E.; Beckles Wilson; Jas. M. Baldwin, P. L. D., LL.D., Dr. Sc.

   With introduction by William T. Harris, A.M., LL.D., U. S. Commissioner of Education, Washington, D. C.

     A TREASURE FOR THE FAMILY BOOK-CASE Every detail in the manufacture of this library has been most carefully considered. It is printed with new, clear, readable type, on expensive, high-grade paper. The binding is a beautiful, dark red de luxe vellum, with attractive designs stamped upon it in gold, gilt tops, silk headbands, etc. The set is lavishly illustrated with over iooo illustrations. Each volume has a complete index. The size of each is 7${ x 5Xinches.

                    OUR INTRODUCTORY OFFER

                       (CANNOT FAIL TO INTEREST YOU)

Sets sent free for examination Small monthly payments

    Sign and return the coupon to us to-day. We will then send you the twenty-five magnificent volumes at our expense. If satisfactory, keep them at the

low introductory price and small monthly payments. If not satis-              .

factory, return at our expense. We know that you and every^^^^\^              r*                  McCLURE

member of your family will thank us for the opportunity^^^      -                     PT-TTT T tdc s, rn'

we now give you, so cut the coupon off to-day                                         Irril.LrL.l.r'o oc tU,

McCLURE, PHILLIPS and CO.                                                       44      E. 23d St, New York

44 East 23d Street            —          ,.,          —

                                     vvJ *■                                                          1904

                               CO                   Please send   me, ON APPROVAL, charges prepaid, one

                           set of THE LIBRARY OF VALUABLE KNOWLEDGE, twenty-five beautiful volumes bound in buckram. If satisfactory, I agree to pay you $1.00 within one week of their receipt, and $2.00 a month thereafter for twelve months. If not satisfactory, I will return them within a week of their receipt at your expense. It is understood that as these books are sent on approval, the title in them is to be yours until paid for.

Name...........................................Street.

  . City and State.

AN ELECTRIC TROLLEY CAR

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                                                                                 9
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

  Or Original stories of

Jjerlotb ^spolmes

                                              bp

    and. Conatt Bople

These world-famous stories are protected by copyright, and can be had ONLY in this edition, authorized by the author. Each story is about Sherlock Holmes. The books are not made up of fragments gathered from material written before the author copyrighted his real stories in America. The set consists of three fine volumes, splendidly bound in permanent cloth, with full-page illustrations, gilt tops, uncut edges, etc. We send the three volumes on receipt of ONE DOLLAR and small monthly payments thereafter.

                                                                                                                 Contents

                                                            VOL. I

    Introduction by James MacArthur.

                                                     The Sign of the Four.

    A Study in Scarlet.

                                                           VOL. II

                                                     A Scandal in Bohemia.

    A Case of Identity.

    The Red-Headed League.

                                                     The Five Orange-Pips.

    The Boscombe Valley Mystery.

    The Man with the Twisted Lip.

    The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle.

    The Adventure of the Speckled Band.

                                                     The Adventure of the Engineer’s Thumb.

    The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor.

    The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet.

    The Adventure of the Copper Beeches.

                                                           VOL. Ill

    Silver Blaze.

    The Stock - Broker’s Clerk.

                                                     The Musgrave Ritual.

    The Crooked Man.

                                                     The Greek Interpreter.

    The Yellow Face.

    The “ Gloria Scott.”

    The Reigate Puzzle.

                                                     The Resident Patient.

    The Naval Treaty.

    The Final Problem.

©ur BoUar ©ffer

We will send you the entire set of three volumes, all charges prepaid, on receipt of $1.00. If you do not like the books when they reach you, send them back at our expense, and we will return the $1.00. If you do like them, send us $1.00 every month for five months. On receipt of your request for these books we will enter you at once as a subscriber for one year, without additional cost to you, for either HARPER’S MAGAZINE or HARPER’S WEEKLY. Inwriting, state which periodical you want.

Address harper and TBrotbers, jfcankltn Square, jftcto ^otk Cttp

                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                       10
 [pgbrk] MoGLUBE'S MAGAZINE

   The International

            THE BEST SHAKESPEARE

  There is no more reason for buying an inaccurate, poorly printed, and incomplete set of Shakespeare than there is for buying a shoddy suit of clothes—less reason, in fact, as Shakespeare is meant to last a lifetime. The International edition, the latest and best Shakespeare, will cost you a little more than an inferior set—but it is worth half a dozen ordinary cheap editions. It is complete in 13 volumes, 7,000 pages, 72 x 5^ inches, and contains everything that Shakespeare ever wrote, including the sonnets and poems. There are 400 illustrations—art plates in colors, rare woodcuts, and photogravures. A complete topical index, by means of which any desired passage can be found, forms a part of the set. The prices through the Club are $24.00 for the half-leather binding and $20.00 for the cloth binding, payable in monthly instalments of $1.00 or $2.00. The regular prices of this edition are $44.00 and $36.00.

        No OtKer Edition ContaJrvs:

    Topical Index: By means of which the reader can find any desired passage in the plays and poems.

    Critical Comments on the plays and characters, selected from the writings of eminent Shakespearian scholars.

    Glossaries following each Play, so that you do not have to turn to a separate volume to find the meaning of every obscure word.

    Two Sets of Notes:       Explanatory  notes for

  the general reader and critical notes for the student or scholar.

                                FREE—$14.00 Worth of Premiums

     Those who apply promptly^ will receive absolutely free of charge three valuable premiums. One is an attractive portfolio of pictures ready for framing:, entitled “Literature in Art.” It is a series of reproductions by the duogravure color process of great paintings of scenes from celebrated books. There are sixteen pictures, each 11 x 15 inches in size. Among the subjects are scenes from Shakespeare, Dickens’ Novels, Dumas’ Novels, Tennyson’s Poems, etc.

  Every picture is a splendid work of art, full of grace and beauty. This    ,

  portfolio alone sells f- r $8.00. In addition to the Portfolio we send the ./

  Topical Index and Plan of Study described above. The last two pre-miums cannot be purchased separate from the set for less than $6.00.   O

    Arguments:      Preceding each play is an analysis of

  the play called the “argument,” written in an interest-        a

  ing story-telling way.

    Study Methods : A complete method of study on each play, consisting of study questions and suggestions,—the idea being to furnish a complete college course of Shakespearian study.

    Life of Skakespeare by Dr. Israel Gol- ^ lancz, with critical essays by Bagehot, ^

  Stephen and other distinguished Shake-spearian scholars and critics. This life relates all that the world really

        The University Society New York

knows about Shakespeare.

 The University Society, 7 NowYofk®'

                     Please send me on approval, express prepaid, a set of the New International Shakespeare in If-leather. If satisfactory I agree to pay $1 within 5 days and $2 per month thereuntil $24 has been paid. : if not patisfactory I agree to return the set within 5 days at your expense.

Street....................City....................

  In ordering cloth change $24 to $20. If you desire to pay only $1 per month alter coupon accordingly.

  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

Shakespeare HaJf- Price Cl\ib

                                      It will pay you to read this Special Offer

                                   You have always wanted a good set of Shakespeare.

Now is your chance to get it at a low price and on easy terms of payment. Our Shakespeare Club has purchased an entire edition of the famous International Shakespeare. Naturally, we bought 500 sets cheaper than you could buy one. That’s why Club members are able to save half the regular price.

    No Dues or Fees.—There are no dues or initiation fees to pay in this Club, nor do you have to subscribe for the books until you have seen them. Simply mail us the coupon below promptly, and you will receive, express prepaid, a set for 5 days’ examination. If it is satisfactory, you can retain it by paying $i .00 down and $ 1.00 or $2.00 per month, whichever desired. On the other hand, if it does not suit you, merely notify us and the expressman will call for it. You incur no risk or liability either coming or going.

11
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                    BOUND VOLUMES

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                                                                                                 12
 [pgbrk] MeC LUBE'S MAGAZINE

 THE HISTORIANS'HISTORY

  7000B.C. OF THE WORLD TO790*/ J

                                 (2

A SPECIMEN VOLUME TO ANY ADDRESS in the U. S.

    'T'HE Outlook is introducing The Historians’ History to the American public by means of specimen volumes rather than by employing agents. The complete bound volume taken right out of stock speaks for itself, convinces you, perhaps, that this is the work you have been waiting for.

 SEEING is believing. You mark the unique plan of the work, unlike that of any other history and infinitely better; how the editors, with extraordinary skill, have welded together into a harmonious whole the master writings of 2000 historians, and by utilizing the best accounts of every period and event, constructed a continuous, authentic, and interesting narrative. Its scholarship stands out on every page. Counterviews are freely given wherever necessary, editorial comment is added to elucidate doubtful points, exhaustive bibliographies are supplied as well as full lists of authorities and special essays by the greatest living historical experts, that the student or general reader may have an intelligent guide in any field of historical reading, from Ancient Babylon to New Japan.

   "O DIP INTO A VOLUME of The Histori--*■ ans’ History is to be swept along, page by page, by the irresistible charm of its style and contents. Here is the flesh and blood of history, no dry bones, no tiresome disputations on the philosophy of history—but truthful narration, all the facts, all the events of history, marshalled together in orderly' and logical sequence, and told by great historians, Gibbon as interesting as Kipling, Macaulay as readable as Thackeray, Tacitus and Suetonius as fascinating as any modern novel, Carlyle, Freeman, Froude, Michelet, Guizot, Martin, Von Ranke, Mommsen, Schlosser, and all the rest. This is the best kind of literature, the most profitable study, in compact but hitherto inaccessible form, the only fForld-history worthy of the name.

THE OUTLOOK, 225 Fourth Avenue, New York:

        Please send, without cost to me, a specimen volume of The Historians’ History of the World. I promise to return it to you, at your expense, within seven days after receipt, whether I decide to subscribe or not.

NAME................................................

         OCCUPATION:........................................

                  ADDRESS ...................................................  Me. 5

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                                                                                    A school for girls and young women located on a beautiful estate of 10 acres, within the K ational Capital. Surrounded, and within easy reach of the many and varied educational institutions for wliicli Washington is famed. Faculty ol cultured instnictors of the highest grade. Enlarged builU ing. Elegantly furnished rooms. Refined home life. 100 boarding pupils. Preparatory, Certificate and College Courses. Music, Art, Elocution. Terms $500 a year. For catalog address, F. B1ENEFEE, President, 3rd and T Sts., N. E., Washington, D.C.

NATIONAL PARK SEMINARY

ADVANTAGES — CHARMING LOCATION, 20 minutes from                        .           ('SllhurhO

Washington, 400 feet above the city. 20 trains a day, also electric cars, stations • n V^UUUI

for both on the grounds ; city and country advantages. PROXIMITY TO WASHINGTON, whose wonderful educational facilities are offered by no other city. Libraries. Museums, Departments of Government, Congress, Foreign Legations, Official and Social Life, studied carefully.

EQUABLE CLIMATE, free from the rigors of the Northern winter, inviting outdoor life. Tennis. Basket Ball. Bowling, Golf, etc.

COMPLETE EQUIPMENT, eleven buildings; including five Club Houses and Odeon. Library. Laboratory, fine Gymnasium, picturesque grounds. Course of study planned to produce womanly women. College preparation. Special courses in Music, Art and Elocution. Domestic Science Department. Thirtv-three teachers and officers.

A bright, rheery. happy, artistic and loving HOME. Health A MATTER OF FIRST CONSIDERATION. Personal care.

Trained nurses. Abundant table. Every home comfort. Promotions dependent on dnily grades, not examinations. TRAINING IN CHARACTER. BUILDING given bv a motrier who has made it a studv PROVISION MADK FOR PLEASURE AND HAPPINESS as well as study. See our calendar of Pleasant Home Happenings. Expenses $500 to $600. Early application necessary. Thirty-three States represented last session. Send for catalogue containing pictures of the school and opinions of enthusiastic patrons.

                         Address NATIONAL PARK SEMINARY, P. O. Box ]Q7, Forest Glen, Md.

District of Columbia, Washington, 217 G St., N.W.          Dist. of Columbia, Washington, 1843-1845-1847 Vernon Ave.            
ELECTRICITY                                                The Stuart School for Young: Ladies and gms                          
                      . The B iss Electrical School is the All departments. Elective courses. New buildings. Unusual advan¬     
oMestand best school in the world teact)-                  tages. 36 States have been represented in boarding department. Prep¬ 
ing elhctricity exclusi\ eiy.                              aration for European Travel. Apply for illustrated catalogue “ D ”   
     4# Ji L/Iv Tlieoretical aQd practical course complete ---78 pages. Miss Claudia Stuart. Principal.                         
Nx */ irsr one v i: a ii                                  jm Ghe SCHOOL QUESTION?                                              
                'Ov T Students actually construct Dynamos, WM7 WE CAN HELP YOU DECIDE IT                                        
               1 Motors and electrical instrument's. Grad- Catalogues and reliable information concerning all schools           
'- uates h-*ld good posit:ons throughout i he              and colleaes furnished without charge.                               
world. Tweljth year opens Sept. 28. Send for free Catalog. AMERICAN SCHOOL and COLLEGE AGENCY,                                    
                                                           1819 Fisher Building, ... Chicago, Illinois.                         
                                                           Illinois, Winnetka (sixteen miles from Chicago)                      
Washington, D. C., Lafayette Square                        Girton School for Girls                                              
HAMILTON INSTITUTE "                                       Elocution. Physical Training. Out-of-Door Sports. CERTIFICATE        
School for Girls and Young Ladies. Write for catalogue.    admits to Smith. Vassar, Wellesley and other colleges. For           
                 Mrs. PHOEBE HAMILTON SEABROOK, Principal. Illustrated Year Book address                                        
                                                                                         Box 33. Francis King Cooke. Principal. 
  Lake Forest School

                                                                  [For Boys.]

  Thorough instruction in all branches, fitting for college or university. Equipment complete. Physical training; ample playground; situation healthful and delightful. The house system under which the boys live and the large number of Masters assure individual attention. Catalogue on application. Address

JOSEPH CURTIS SL0ANE, Head Master,   Box S 66, Lake Forest, Illinois

    Monticetto Seminary

   An ideal school for young women and girls. Sound scholarship, womanly character and bodily health are developed by our course of study and school life.

   67tli Year begins September 29, true to the spirit of its founders. Itmeets the wider demands of the present with fine modern buildings and a well balanced Course of Study. Departments, each in charge of trained specialists, for English, Classic and Continental Languages, Science, Music, Art, etc. Completely equipped Gymnasium. Beautifully shaded Campus of 60 acres with Tennis Courts, Golf Links and Basket Ball Field. Apply early; sixty applicants on the waiting list last year.

            Address MISS H. N. HASKELL, Principal,

  MONTICELLO SEMINARY, GODFREY, ILL.

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                                                                                                14
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                             ACADEMY OF OUR LADY

                                      LONGWOOD, CHICAGO, ILL.

  Founded 1875 and conducted by the Sisters of Notre Dame for the moral, practical and scientific Christian education of girls and young ladies. All Branches. Modern Languages, Music and Art,Gymnasium, Fancy Needlework,Dressmaking, Commercial Course. MODERN, HEALTHY BUILDINGS, delightful spacious grounds. Located in Chicago’s most beautiful suburb, LONGWOOD, reached in 35 minutes via Chicago and Bock Island B,y. Moderate Terms. School year begins September 5th.

                                 For catalogue containing full information, address

                               SUPERIORESS, ACADEMY OF OUR LADY,

                             Box 10, 95th and Throop Sts., CHICAGO, ILL.

    Maryland, Baltimore, Cor. McCulloh and Hoffman Sts.

Woman's Medical College of Baltimore

  Special attention paid to each individual Btudent. Thorough clinical instruction. Well lighted and equipped laboratories. Terms moderate. Address       Kich’d  Henry Thomas, M.  D., Dean.

    Massachusetts, Franklin

Dean Academy

   Young men and young women find here a home-like atmosphere, thorough and efficient training in every department of a broad culture, a loyal and helpful school spirit. Liberal endowment permits liberal terms, $250 per year.

   For catalogue and information, address

                                                                                   Arthur W. Peirce, Litt. D., Principal.

                                       ROCK RIDGE HALL

A SCHOOL FOR BOYS. Location high and dry. Laboratories. Shop for Mechanic Arts. A new gymnasium with swimming pool. American ideals. Strong teachers. Earnest boys. A vigorous school life. Fits for College, Scientific School and Business. Illustrated pamphlet sent free. Address Dr. G. R. WHITE, Prln., Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts.

BLEE5

MILITARY ACADEMY

                     Established 1899

       Equipment unequalled by any other military school in the United States. Seeks the best boys and offers them the best training.

                     For Year Book and full information, address

                                         Colonel F. W. Y. 8LEES, Superinfendeni

                                            162 Fort Blees, P. 0., Macon, Missouri

                                  HARDIN COLLEGE AND CONSERVATORY

The College—A University trained faculty. The Conservatory—German Standards. Art, Elocution, and Cooking Courses. Write for Catalogue to Pres. JOHN W. MILLION. 1203 College Place, Mexico, Mo.

   Pennsylvania, West Chester

The Darlington Seminary

   A high grade school for girls. Convenient to New York, Philadelphia and Washington. Courses: Collegiate. Conservatory, College Preparatory. Location ideal. Golf, tennis, etc. $225.

  F. P. BYE, Pres.             R,   DAELINGTON, Yice-Pres.

                                              Pennsylvania, Wayne

                                           Armitage School:

 for Girls

  Half hour from Philadelphia. College Preparatory and Finishing Courses, $750-$900 per year. Address,                The Secretary.

 MORE SALARY

We know of a profession in which situations are daily created in excess of the qualified persons, and which commands the highest salaries with no discrimination on account of sex. Would you like to know what it is? Write us.

                                                            HOME CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOL, Dept. C, Philadelphia. Pa.

  THE CASTLE, Tarrytown-on-Hudson, N. Y.

  An ideal school. Advantages of New York City. All departments. Special courses in Art, Music, Literature, Languages* etc. For illustrated circular E, address

                                                                                                   Miss C. E. Mason, LL. M.

 The Misses Shipley’s School

                                                                                     Preparatory to Bryn Mawr College.

                The students have a decided advantage in the position of the School. The hospitality extended by Bryn Mawr College enables them to enjoy tlae social as well as the scholastic spirit of college life.

     Day School includes Primary Department.

  Program on request. Box “ F, ” BRYN MAWR., PA»

PASCADILLA,

                                              ITHACA, NEW YORK.

              The original Boys’ Preparatory School to Cornell, where it has been represented by over 1000 students. President Schurman says: “I believe the Cascadilla School to be one of the best Preparatory Institutions in the country.'" Andrew D. White, former Ambassador to Germany, says: “ You have rendered a valuable service not only to Cornell University, but to the country

                  Recreation Building and Crew        Enrollment   1903-04  from

2G states. Oval and 22 acre athletic field. Gymnasium.

Beautifnlly situated, healthful, sanitary — tha modern Boy*’ School. Catalog on request

Address,

                                                                              C. V. PARSELL, A.M.

   Principal. ^

                                Bordentown Military Institute

has sent into business life young men to whom the teachers are proud to point. Its boys have maintained a high standard in the best Universities. Students taught how to study, prepared for College or to begin at once the practical duties of life. No compromise on liquor, ibaaing or tobacco.

  Three Courses—Scientific, Classical and English.

                                                 Catalogue free on request.

    ^ I;AND0Nf A-M-» Principal j bordentown new Jersey. Maj. T. D. Landon, Commandant )

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                                                                                       15
 [pgbrk] MeCLURE'S MAGAZINE

        CINCINNATI CONSERVATORY of MUSIC ESTABLISHED 1867

                              Miss Clara Baur, Directress.

                                                 Instructs, trains and educates after the best methods of Foremost European Conservatories. The faculty numbers some of the Leading Musicians and Artists of today.

                                                                   ELOCUTION MUSIC LANGUAGES

                                                 Location ideal with respect to home comfort and luxurious surroundings. The finest and most completely equipped buildings devoted to music in America. Day and reshtent students may enter at any time. Illustrated Catalogue FREE MI5S CLARA BAUR Highland Ave., Oak St. and Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, O.

                ■           WE TEACH

 Be a Nurse™

 Steady employment, at a large salary, always awaits the thoroughly competent nurse We teach you the most advanced ideas by modern methods. Our graduates holding pood positions: students earning good salaries. Write l'or free booklet,-describing five different courses, including special course for mothers. Chicago Correspondence School of Nursing, 813 46 Van Buren St., Chicago.

At Home

By Mail

through the Sprague system—the original.

Prepares for the bar and for success in business or public life. Plan approved by judges and educators. Successful graduates everywhere. Liberal Terms. Special offer now. Handsome catalogue free.

The Spracuc Correspondence School of Law  345 Majestic Bldg., Detroit, Mich.__________

University Training

                         FOR BUSINESS

                               HENRY DOUGLAS ROBINSON, be Warden ol the

Racine College Grammar School

VX^ILL be glad to send, on application, an ’ illustrated catalogue fully explaining the advantages of the institution for boys of from eight to seventeen years of age. Graduates are fitted for any college or university. There are unusual facilities for athletic and social training, and a complete military drill.

  The patrons of the school describe it as “ The school that makes boys manly.” Address,      Racine, Wisconsin.

                                                                              American Academy of Dramatic Arts and Empire Theatre Dramatic School

                 Franklin H. Sargent. President From the New York Dramatic Mirror—" The performance (of ‘ Pastor 8ang’) given by the students was remarkable, not only because of the technical excellence displayed by the players, but because of their in- | telligent grasp of the characters that they portrayed.”

                                                                                 Apply to E. P. STEPHENSON’, General Manager, Carnegie Hall, New York

                                             The Misses Ely's School for Girls

  General and College Preparatory Courses.

  Large recreation grounds.

                                                                        Riverside Drive, 85th and 86tli Sts., New York City

   900 Sixth Avenue, cor. 51st Street, New York City.

The Whipple School of Art

  Under the direction of Mr. Charles Ayer Whipple, pupil of the famous Paris artists, Bouguereau, T. Robert Fleury, and Gabriel Ferrier. Drawing and Painting from Life, Still Life, and the Cast. Illustration, Composition. MR. HOWARD CHANDLER CHRISTY will have full charge of the Illustration Class, and every effort will be made to make this the strongest and most important class in illustration in the country. Mr. Christy will not teach in any other school. Classes adapted to all ages. For further particulars apply at the School.

NEW YORK 1 Day School. /                              35  Nassau St.,

LAW SCHOOL J Evening School. New York City. “Dwight Method” of instruction. LL.B. in two years. LL.M. in three years. High standards.

 Send for catalogue.                         GEORGE    CHASE,   Dean.

 Can You Draw This?^.

 Copy it as well as you can, send to ue aud  V

 we will give you an expensive art portfolio ¥

 of drawings by the noted artist, Charles Lederer. A course of lessons by mail, at home, will qualify you to earn a big salary as an arr.ist and cartoonist. Instruction individual and exactly adapted to your talent.

      THE LEDERER SCHOOL OF DRAWING.

                           CHATTANOOGA, TENN.

                                                                                       . taught thoroughly. I nstitution established 1874. Endorsed

by officials Railroads and W. U. Tel. Co. Positions secured. Entire cost, tuition (telegraphy and typewriting), board and room, 6 mos. course, $89. Can be reduced. Home instruction also given. Catalogue B free. Dodge’s Institute of Telegraphy, Valparaiso. Lnd»

                       were made to Civil Service placei during the year ending Jupe 30, 1903. Excellent opportunities for young people. Thousands of those whom wa have prepared BY MAIL for the examinations have been appointed. Our Civil Service Catalogue contains letters from hundreds of person* in the Government service who state that they owe their positions to our course of training; also contains questions recently used by the Government. These ave sent free on request.

  COLUMBIAN CORRESPONDENCE COLLEGE 223-25 Fa. Ave., S. E.           Washington, D. C.

Accounting Banking Brokerage

 FALL TERM OPENS

 School of Commerce. Accounts and Finance. New York University. Evening Sessions. Washington Square, N. Y. SEPTEMBER 29.

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                                                                                                       16
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                         .YYV W W

             St. Paul’s School

                                       Garden City, L. I., New=York.

                                                                                    (j ymnasium Building

?3:.                 An  endowed school for boys. Eighteen miles from

^           : -y   New-York, midway between the Sound and the Sea. X                          /

                              Its object is the thorough preparation of boys for college.

   Gim” The school is unsurpassed in all essentials. It is heated Bowlioe by steam and lighted by electricity. It has an efficient corps of teachers, well equipped laboratories, new gymnasium with swimming tank 20 by 50 ft., bowling alleys, gallery track, and latest appliances, a large athletic field with new quarter-mile cinder track, and golf links. Visitors always welcome.

                                    Apply for catalogue to FRED’K L. GAMAGE, D. C. L., Head Master,

Staunton Military Academy

                   jiN IDEAL HOME SCHOOL FOR MANLY BOYS

              130 Boys from 25 States last session. Largest Private School in State of Virginia. Boys from 10 to 18 years old prepared for Universities, Government Academies, or Business.

  1,600 feet above sea-level ; pure, dry, bracing mountain air of the famous, proverbially healthful and beautiful Valley of the Shenandoah. Pure mineral spring waters. High moral tone. Parental discipline. Military training develops obedience, promptness, health, manly carriage. Fine, shady lawns, expensively equipped gymnasium and athletic park. All manly sports encouraged. Daily drills and exercises in open air. Boys from homes of refinement and culture only desired. Personal, individual instruction by our TUTORIAL SYSTEM. Standards and traditions high. ACADEMY FORTY-FOUR YEARS OLD. Charges, $300.00. Handsome catalogue free. Address

              Captain WM. H. KABLE, A.M., Principal, Staunton, Va.

Ward Seminary Nashville, Tenn.

40th year. Faculty 30. Seminary and Special Courses. College preparation. Boarding pupils limited to 140. An ideal Christian home. Complete appointments. Excellent sanitation. Mild, equable climate. For catalogue address J. I). BLANTON. LL.l)., Pres.

New York University

  Comprehends eight schools. The LAW SCHOOL (with Day and Evening Classes), MEDICAL COLLEGE, GRADUATE SCHOOL, PEDAGOGY, APPLIED SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, VETERINARY COLLEGE, and COMMERCE ACCOUNTS and FINANCE. For circulars address THE REGISTRAR, Washington Square, New York City

                                                ST. JOHN’S

   Military Academy

                                        The American Rugby. Delafield, Wis. Prepares for College and for Business

                                        For Catalogues, etc., address Dr. 8. T. 8A1YTHE, President, DelaHeld, Waukesha County. Wig.

PALMER INSTITUTE

   Starkey Seminary

Boarding school for boys and girls, splendidly situated, overlooking Seneca Lake. Modern building and equipment. Fine health record.

Fifty-three acres in campus, athletic field and gardens. Ten teachers train for best colleges and business. Advanced courses in music, art. and elocution. Students received at any time.

Martyn Summerbell, Ph.D., - Lakemoni, Yates Co., N. Y.

CLUSTER SPRINGS ACADEMY

   Thirty-ninth year. Ideal preparatory school for boys. Home life and best educational advantages. Unsurpassed health record. Excellent climate and mineral waters. Illustrated Year Book.

______________HAMPDEN B.  WILSON,  Head Master,  Black Walnut, Va.

16a
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

            ATTEND

                                                THEJLLINOIS /COLLEGE OF

                                      PHOTOGRAPHY

    A delightful profession, quickly and easily learned. Pays well. Good position secured for graduates. Only College of Photography in the world. Terms easy and living inexpensive. Write for our beautifully illust. catalogue. Address Illinois College of Photography 945 Wabash Aveuue, Effingham, 111,

                                    We offer a Special Beginner’s Course in Photography, includ- (jjl C Hrt ing excellent Camera and Complete Finishing Outfit, for . . V I JiUU

• LEARN PHOTOGRAPHY

              From Experts—By Mail

         We will teach you to make money with a camera.

         If pastime is your only object, you will still learn as well as those-who learn to earn.

                Mr. C. M. Hopkins—Student 1705—of Esplen, Pa,, writes: “Have

                taade $35.00 on two plates thie week, as a result of your lessons.”

         Each of our 24 mail courses is taught in a know-the-reason-why manner, every lesson and criticism dealing directly with the student’s actual work, performed during leisure moments.

                              Waste of plates, film and materials is entirely eliminated. Diplomas are issued to graduates. Write for our new book, full of interesting information for the professional, amateur and beginner. If you desrre to purchase a Camera, or Photographic Goods, ask for our Stock Catalogue.

                  AMERICAN SCHOOL OF ART AND PHOTOGRAPHY

                     J. B. SCHJRIEVEE,, President 247 Washington Avenue                    ______SCRANTONw PA.

      I can DOUBLE your salary or income by teaching you how to write catchy, intelligent advertising.

        My system of instruction by mail is the only one in existence that has the hearty endorsement of the great experts and publishers, and I am anxious to send my prospectus with proof if you are interested. I will show you how to earn from $25.00 to $100.00 a week.

    GEORGE H. POWELL, 1310 TEMPLE COURT, NEW YORK. N. Y.

   BE                                  START IN FOR YOURSELF AND MAKE MOI\EY

 YOUR Don’t spend the best days of your life working for others. We OWN teach you the business by mail; appoint you our special repre-BOSS sentative; furnish you the largest list of choice salable property in your section; help you secure customers; co-operate with and assist you to earn from $3,000 to $5,000 annually.

          One of our representatives says: “You actually force me to make money.” Another says: “ I would now be wealthy if I had only started with you 5 years ago.” Many others make similar statements.

          Write for full particulars and Free Booklet. It will interest you.

            H. W. CROSS and CO., 902 Tacoma Building, Chicago.

          THE STRONGEST CO-OPERATIVE REAL ESTATE AGENCY IN THE U. S.

                     STAMMER mno°re

                           The Fon-Lin Method nothing like the others.

                     We OVERCOME the failures from all other schools and we can prove it,

                         No such talkers as ours go out from other schools.

                     Our pupils from other institutes say. 4 ‘ We never before knew WHY we stammered.”

                       We correct the cause and hence have no relapses.

                        We guarantee to correct any defect of speech.

                       Send for the “Fon-Lin Echo," our great magazine for stammerers. References and Terms on Application.

   A PCH/FI f            INSTITUTE

WAt rrO ww       2315-17 N. 7th St., Phlla.

HOME STUDY

                                 DIRECTED BY

                     The University of Chicago

1300 elementary and college courses in 30 academic subjects. I Credit allowed for courses satisfactorily completed. Work I may begin at any time. For circulars address. The University 1 of Chicago (Div. B), Chicago, 111.

16b
 [pgbrk] McCLUSE'S MAGAZINE

         HOTEL DIRECTORY

   "Before you go to a hotel you Want to knob} that it is reputable. You Want know that it is clean and Well-conducted and up-to-date in its methods. fVe accept no advertisement for this list Which is not guaranteed by the investigations of our oWn representatives.

to

CHICAGO, ILL. " KAISE.RHOF” FIREPSOOF

  Z70 Clark St., near Jackson Boulevard, within one block of Board of Trade, PostOffice and Rock Island Depot. European Plan, $1.00 and up. 250 rooms, 100 with private baths. Don’t fail to see our new German Restaurant, unique and characteristic. Cuisine unexcelled.

CHICAGO, ILL.                       SHERMAN    HOUSE

  Strictly first-class. European plan. $1.50 and up. Large, airy rooms. In theater and shopping district. College Inn—most popular Restaurant in Chicago. Unique decorations. High class service. Every stranger visiting our city should spend an evening in this delightful place.

CHICAGO, ILL.                 THE STRATFORD

  Michigan and Jackson Boulevards. European plan. 200 rooms; 125 private baths. All new plumbing; best sanitary arrangements. Cuisine the best. The handsomest Dutch Room in America. Newly furnished throughout. Rate, $1.50 and upwards.

BOSTON, MASS.                THE UNITED STATES HOTEL

  Beach Street, only two blocks from South Terminal Station, and very near theaters and shopping district; comfortable and homelike accommodations at reasonable rates. American and European plans. Tilly Haynes, Proprietor. Jas. G. Hickey, Manager.

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. THE MORTON

  Leading hotel. Conducted on the American plan.

GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. HOTEL PANTLIND

  European plan. Cuisine unsurpassed. J. Boyd Pantlind, Prop.

WATKINS, N. Y.               THE        GLEN SPRINGS

  The American Nauheim. A Health Resort and Hotel of the highest class. Complete and modern bathing establishment. Valuable Mineral Springs. Well kept and attractive Golf Links. Illustrated book free. Wm. E. Leffingwell, Pres.

NEW YORK, N. Y.                  THE      ALABAMA

  High class apartment hotel, 15 East Eleventh Street, in the center of the Knickerbocker section of the city. Single room, bath, Sj.oo a day ; 2 rooms and bath, S5.00 up daily. Cuisine one of the features. Send for descriptive booklet.

NEW YORK, N. Y. HOTEL ALGONQUIN

  59-65 West 44th St., between 5th and 6th Aves. Same block with Harvard and Yale Clubs. Center of theater and shopping district. A modern fireproof hotel, offering superior character and service at moderate prices. Room and bath, $2.00 up. Booklet on request.

NEW YORK, N. Y. HOTEL EARLINGTON

  Twenty-seventh Street, 300 feet west of Broadway. Fire-proof construction. European plan. Most central and accessible location in the city. Rates from $1.50 up. E. M. Earle and Son, Props.

NEW YORK. N. Y. FIFTH AVENUE HOTEL

  Most famous representative hotel in America. Situated in Madison Square, the most central and delightful location in the city. In heart of shopping and amusement districts. American plan, $5.00 and upwards. European plan, $2.00 and upwards. Hitchcock, Darling and Co.

NEW YORK, N. Y.                         THE      JUDSON

  53 Washington Square, South. Family and transient hotel. Convenient to all steamship lines, and near shopping district. Reasonable weekly rates. Rates: American plan, $2.50 to $4.00 per day; European plan, $1.00 to $3.00 per day. Jas. Knott, Proprietor.

   LEARN

           TO WRITE

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 [pgbrk] McCLUHE '8 MAGAZINE

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 [pgbrk] Drawn by Jessie Willcox Smith

  “She began to mount the stairs which led to the upper floors

page 471

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 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

VOL. XXIII SEPTEMBER, 1904 No. 5

         UNPUBLISHED CHAPTERS OF HISTORY

 MEMORIES OF THE BEGINNING AND END OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY

            BY LOUISE WIGFALL WRIGHT

     DAUGHTER OF LOUIS T. WIGFALL, SENATOR FROM TEXAS TO UNITED STATES SENATE,

        LATER SENATOR FROM TEXAS TO CONFEDERATE STATES SENATE, ON THE STAFF OF PRESIDENT DAVIS, AND BRIGADIER - GENERAL C. S. A.

 ILLUSTRATED BY W. R. LEIGH, AND WITH CONTEMPORARY PHOTOGRAPHS

                   Y March, 1861, the Provisional Government of the Confederate States was already established in Montgomery, Alabama. The Southern people were still hoping for a peaceful solution of their difficulties by the evacuation of Fort Sumter. In anticipation of leaving Washington, and in view of the uncertainty of their movements, my parents had sent my sister and myself, children of eight and fourteen years of age, to remain temporarily with my maternal grandmother at Longwood, a suburb of Boston. My father writes at this time in a letter to my brother at school: “Political matters are in statu quo, ante helium. The war has not yet begun, but I believe it will before the end of summer, though the general impression here is that we will have peace."

     During the winter, Texas not having seceded, my father had stooa at bay in the Senate : almost alone, surrounded by enemies, the champion of the South ; he had refused to give up his seat until his state had

  passed the ordinance of secession. Then, at length, as they had expected, my parents had to leave Washington.

    My mother wrote me from Charleston :

                    “Tuesday, April 2, 1861.

    We arrived here yesterday morning and 1 find very little change in the appearance of things since we were here eighteen months ago. You meet a good many soldiers, but that is about the only difference. The people are all strongly in hopes that Fort Sumter will he evacuated very soon. Some think today, and that the reason why it has been put off so long was on account of the New England elections. Your father has gone down to-day to visit the fortifications and has had the‘Lady Davis’put at his command.”

    She wrote me daily from April 10th to April 13th.

    Interesting in connection with her letters to me are a telegram sent at this very date by my father to President Davis, and the President’s answer from Montgomery.

  451 —cut oft

  Copyright, 1 904, by The S. S. McClure Co.  All rights reserved.
  
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MEMORIES OF THE BEGINNING AND END

                             LOUIS T. WIGFALL Senator from Texas and Brigadier General C. S. A.
                             
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                “Charleston, 10 April, 1861. No one now doubts that Lincoln intends war. The delay on his part is only to complete his preparations. All here is ready on our side. Our delay therefore is to his advantage and our disadvantage. Let us take Fort Sumter before we have to fight the fleet and the Fort. General Beauregard will not act without your order. Let me suggest to you to send the order to him to begin the attack as soon as he is ready. Virginia is excited by the preparations, and a bold stroke on our side will complete her purposes. Policy and prudence are urgent upon us to begin at once. Let me urge the order to attack most seriously upon you.

                             L. T. Wigfall.”

    “ Montgomery, Alabama, April 12, 1861. My dear friend :

    Your dispatch reached me after I had directed one to be sent, which anticipated your wish so fully that you might have imagined it to be an answer, if the dates had been reversed. .     . .

                                         As ever your friend,

                          Jefferson Davis.

    A want of vigilance let Anderson pass

  from Moultrie to Sumter. I hope your guard boats, steamers and launches are under competent and faithfully watchful officers.                                J.  D.”

    My mother tells what was happening:

               “Wednesday, April 10, 1861.

    You see we are still here and it is quite impossible to say for how long a time. Your father has been with General Beauregard almost constantly since we came, until yesterday, when General Beauregard requested him to go on his staff, and since then he has been actively engaged in carrying out his orders. I suppose you know the condition of things from the papers—that the administration, after their professions of peace, have determined to reinforce the Fort at all risks, and we are in hourly expectation of the arrival of the storeship and the fleet sent to protect it. General Beauregard is only waiting for the arrival of the troops from the country to make the attack on the Fort. He is quite confident of the result, and God grant he may be right. We are all anxious enough as you may suppose.”

                        “ Thursday, April 11.

    .  .  .   Your father was gone all night

  with Captain Hartstein, seeing to placing light boats, with fires of pine wood, in the harbor, for the purpose of detecting the approach of the enemy’s boats. He has gone again to-day and will not return until evening. ... A demand for the surrender of the Fort was made to-day, but the answer has not yet come. In case of Anderson’s refusal (of which there is little doubt), the fire of the batteries on him will open at eight to-night. God grant the Fort may be surrendered before the arrival of the fleet, for although I believe General Beauregard is prepared on every side, yet I should feel all danger were over if we had the Fort. It will be a night of intense excitement and, although i can’t help feeling shivery and nervous, yet I am not as much alarmed as I might be, and something tells me it won’t be so bad after all. I am going down after a while to walk with Mrs. Chesnut on the Battery and will add more when I hear the answer Anderson returns.”

                          “ Friday, April 12.

    I was awakened about half-past four this morning by the booming of a cannon, and it has been going on steadily ever since—the
 [pgbrk] 453

  firing is constant and rapid—with what results we don't yet know. Your father has gone to Morris’s Island to obtain a report from the command there, and in order to avoid the guns of Sumter he has taken Major Whiting’s rowboat, so as to run in by the inlets. I don't know how long he will be gone.

    “Eleven o’clock. The news we hear so far is good. No one killed on Morris’s Island so far—and a breach reported in Fort Sumter. The iron battery is working well, and the balls from Fort Sumter have no effect upon it. All is excitement of the most painful kind.”

                       “ Saturday, April 13.

    The news is glorious for us. No one hurt on our side and no damage of any consequence to our batteries. Your father has been at Morris’s Island all yesterday and all night. He, however, wrote me not to expect him and I did not feel uneasy, as Captain Hartstein told me it was utterly impossible for boats to land with such a high sea. This morning Fort Sumter is on fire (produced from the shells it is thought). They say the flag is at half-mast and has been so all the morning—a sure sign of distress. The fleet will try to relieve him, of course, but it will be in vain, and thus, I trust in God, this business will end. Heaven has favored our side, and we are all grateful to a Kind Providence. 1 doubt if your father returns before night.”

    Before night my father had done much. Modest, brief, and uncolored as was his report in answer to General Beauregard's request for a concise statement of the capitulation, between the lines it is none the less dramatic :

   “ Head Quarters, Confederate States Army, Charleston, South Carolina, April 13, 1861.

    Major : I have the honor to report that between one and two o'clock this afternoon, the flag having fallen at Fort Sumter and its fire having ceased, 1 left Morris’s Island, with the consent and approval of General Simons, to demand the surrender of the works, and offer assistance to the garrison.

    Before reaching the Fort the flag was again raised. On entering the works I informed Major Anderson of my name and position on the staff of the Commanding

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                                                                                           LOUISE S. WIGFALL From a photograph, March. 1861
                                                                                           
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  General, and demanded the surrender of the Fort to the Confederate States.

    My attention having been called to the fact that most of our batteries continued their fire, I suggested to Major Anderson that the cambric handkerchief,* which I bore on my sword, had probably not been seen as 1 crossed the Bay, and requested him to raise a white flag—which he did. The firing then ceased from all our batteries—when Major Anderson lowered his flag and surrendered the Fort.

    The time and manner of the evacuation are to be determined by General Beauregard.

    Before the surrender I expressed the confident belief to Major Anderson that no terms would be imposed which would be incompatible with his honor as a soldier or his feelings as a gentleman, and assured him of the high appreciation in which his gallantry and desperate defense of a place, now no longer tenable, were held by the Commanding General.

    Major Anderson exhibited great coolness, and seemed relieved of much of the unpleasantness of his situation by the fact that the proposal had been made by us that he should

    * Now in my possession, with the knots tied in the corners as when used.—L. W. W.

OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY
 [pgbrk] 454

MEMORIES OF THE BEGINNING AND END

 surrender the works, which he admitted to be no longer defensible.

    I take great pleasure in acknowledging that my success in reaching the Fort was due to the courage and patriotism of Private William Gourdin Young, of the Palmetto Guard, without whose aid I would not have surmounted the obstacles.

    I have the honor to be with the highest respect,                 Louis  T. Wigfall.

 Major D. R. Jones,

      Asst. Adjutant-General,

                                  Confederate States Army.”
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                          MAJOR ROBERT ANDERSON, U. S A.

                                 The gallant defender of Fort Sumter.
                                 
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    Two weeks later my mother wrote me from Alabama, whither my father, as Deputy from the State of Texas, had gone to attend the Congress which convened on the twenty-ninth of April.

                  “ Montgomery, April 26.

    The people here are all in fine spirits, and the streets are so lively and every one looks so happy, that you can scarcely realize the cause of the excitement. No one doubts our success. ...         1 suppose the chief

                                                 fighting will be in Maryland and Virginia.

                                                       . This is a beautiful town and much

  larger than I expected to see it. I here are a great many gardens and as beautiful flowers as I ever saw anywhere. Several bouquets of the most superb flowers were presented to your father the night he spoke here and, of course, I had the benefit of them. The streets are very wide and five of them unite, and diverge on the square opposite us—something like Washington.”

                                    “April 29.

    I have been this morning to witness the opening of Congress and hear the President’s message. It was an admirable one, worthy of his reputation. It gives such a fair and lucid statement of matters as they now stand that, I am sure, it will do good abroad, if not at home. . . . This afternoon I went with Mrs. Chesnut to call on Mrs. Davis. I am going to-morrow to her reception. .        . .

  You allude to reports given in the Northern papers of the Fort Sumter affair. It is only what might have been expected of them— that they w'ould garble and misrepresent the truth ; but I must confess that Major Anderson’s silence and the disingenuous bulletin he sent to Cameron have surprised me. He takes care not to tell the whole truth, and any one, to read his statement, would suppose he had only come out on those conditions, whereas, he surrendered unconditionally—the United States flag was lowered without salute while your father was in the Fort. This was seen, not only by your father, but by the thousands who W'ere on the watch, and it was only owing to General Beauregard’s generosity (misplaced it seems, now) that he was allowed to raise it again, and to salute it on coming out of the Fort and take it with him.

        . And this conduct, too, after the kind and generous treatment he met with from the Carolinians ! Judge Ochiltree is here and tells me Tom is a private in a company Capt. Bass has raised in Marshall.

        . The drums are beating here all the time, and it really makes me heart-sick when I think about it all.

    I don’t think, though, the military enthusiasm can be very high at the North, as I see they are offering $20 additional pay to volunteers a month. That fact speaks volumes. I suppose it is to be accounted for in the anxiety to get rid of the mob population who might be troublesome at home.”

    In this matter my mother received, before long, friendly correction. It came in a let-
 [pgbrk] OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY

455

  ter from a Northern woman who had lived all her married life in the South, but, in her widowhood, had returned to her people in Providence.

                             “May 13, 1861,

    .  .   .  We   are always delighted to hear

  from you—and indeed your letters and Louis’s are the only comfort we have in this Yankee land, surrounded by people who have no sympathy with us, and who only open their lips to revile the South and utter blood-thirsty threats. This morning an amiable lady wished she had Jeff Davis in front of a big cannon. This feminine wish was uttered in the cars when L. and F. were going in to Boston. We have now sufficient proof of how much stronger hate is, than love of country. Where was the patriotism of Massachusetts when the country was at war with the English in 1812? I lived then at the South, and was ashamed of my countrymen who refused to assist in the war. Massachusetts, which was the leading State of New England, refused to let her militia leave the State, and when the United States troops were withdrawn, to fight in other places, applied to the Federal Government to know whether the expenses of their own militia, who were summoned to defend their own State, would be reimbursed by the Government. When our capital at Washington was burned, with the President’s House and Treasury buildings, and other public buildings, why did they not go to meet the British? On the contrary, they rejoiced at the English victories, and put every obstacle they could in the way of the Government. Now they are subscribing millions, and urging every man to go and fight their own countrymen. It is not patriotism; it is hatred to the South, and woe is me, that I must live here among such people. God grant you success. It is a righteous war and all the bloodshed will be upon the souls of those who brought it on.

    .  .  . I think, however, that you at

  the South are wrong to undervalue the courage and resources of the Northern States. They are no doubt less accustomed to the use of firearms, there are very few who know how to ride, and they are less fiery in their impulses. They are less disposed to fight, but they are not cowardly where their interests are concerned, and will fight for their money. Where their property is at stake they will not hesitate to risk their lives,

  and at present there is no lack of money. The women are all roused, and are urging their relatives on ; while some of the young ladies are exceedingly anxious to imitate Florence Nightingale, and distinguish themselves in the army. The boys are parading about with red shirts and guns, and their wise mothers are admiring their military ardor.

    I would not advise you of the South to trust too much in the idea that the Northerners will not fight, for I believe they will, and their numbers are overwhelming. You know an army of ants can kill a wounded horse. It is a mistake, too, for you to sup-

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                        BRIGADIER-GENFRAL BEAUREGARD

                       The Commander of the Confederate forces in the Fort Sumter affair.
                       
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 pose that it is only the lower orders who are enlisted. I have heard of a good many of the most respectable young men who have enlisted for three years. I suppose there are a good many counter-jumpers and Irish among them, but still there are many very decent persons who have gone to the wars.

    . .  . By the way, I hear it said they

 have got enough cotton at the North to supply their factories for a year? Can it be true? If so, I think there has been a great mistake somewhere. The only thing
 
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 [pgbrk]                       APPROACHING FORT SUMTER

     "between one and two o'clock this, afternoon / left Morns’s Island to demand the surrender of the works, and offer assistance to the garrison." From Wjgfall's Report to Beauregard.
     
          
                
 [pgbrk] THE FALL OF FORT SUMTER, APRIL 13 , 1861

     " On entering the works I informed Major Anderson of my name and position on the staff of the Commanding General and demanded the surrender of the Fort to the Confederate States."

                                                     From Wigfall’s Retort to Beauregard.
                                                     
         
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 MEMORIES OF THE BEGINNING AND END

  that will bring these people to their senses is to stop the importation. I was surprised to see the other day that a cargo of rice from Savannah was stopped, and the vessel was allowed to sail with a load of cotton.”

    When the Montgomery Congress adjourned, President Davis had asked my father to act on his staff, and my parents moved to Richmond.

    My mother wrote the day after their arrival :

  “ Richmond, May 30.

    After a terribly fatiguing journey we arrived here safely yesterday morning.

  We left Montgomery on Sunday night, at eight o’clock, and traveled day and night until yesterday morning.

    The President was everywhere most rapturously received.

  ... I was all packed to start for Texas, when your father found that the President was so unwilling for him to go back at that time, that he determined to accept the position of Aide and, at least, act in that capacity until the opening of Congress, which will be on the 20th |uly. So here we are. These Virginians seem likely to overwhelm your father with their attentions and kill him with kindness—for yesterday he had to make no less than four speeches.

    The whole country, as we came through, was like a military camp—the cars crowded with troops, and all as jubilant as if they were goin^*to a frolic instead of to fight. The President is to take the field ; but I don't know the exact programme, and if I did it would not be safe to write it—for there is no telling who may read our letters nowadays. Your father, of course, will go with him. It seems strange to me that I don’t seem more frightened.”

    The President and his party were established at the Spotswood Hotel where

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                          PRIVATE WILLIAM GOURDIN YOUNG

    “my success in reaching the Fort was due to the courage and patriotism of Private William Gourdin Young, of the Palmetto Guard; without whose aid I would not have surmounted the obstacle s.”

                                                       From Wigfall’s Report to Beauregard.
                                                       
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  they gathered round them a distinguished group.

    My mother writes :

                          “June 1 1 and 14.

    “We are still at the Spotswood Hotel but I don’t know whether we shall continue very long. The President and his family will move next week to the place selected for them. 1 hear it is very handsome and the City Council has bought and put it at the disposal of the Government. They have also given Mrs. Davis the use of a nice carriage and horses and seem disposed to do all they can to show their joy at the exchange from Montgomery. . . . So far all is quiet here and I can yet scarcely realize that we are at war, actually. . . . I drove out with Mrs. Davis yesterday to one of the camp grounds and it was really a beautiful, though rather sad sight to me, to see them drill and go through with their manoeuvres. Poor fellows 1 How many will never return to their homes. .    .  . There are several camp

  grounds in the neighborhood, and people throng them every afternoon, and unless you engage a carriage in the morning it is very hard to procure one.”

    Though 1 was only a girl of fourteen, my own letters, written during April, May, and June, from Longwood, near Boston, show to a not uninteresting degree the responsive ardor of a Southern child a little old for her years. I quote passages from them :

    "... Isn’t the news from Sumter delightful. When I read the account in a paper, I felt like crying for joy. No one sympathizes with me here, except Grandmamma, and I feel like a stranger in a foreign land.

    “ Everybody here is groaning and deploring the taking of Sumter. Uncle B.
 [pgbrk] OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY

459

says that Boston was the scene of great excitement to-day, all the military were getting ready and every one is on the lookout for war in earnest.

   “ I went to Boston to-day and you never saw such confusion ; the State House steps and grounds were crowded with men, some to see, and some to volunteer.

   “Grandmamma had a letter from Mamma, written in the midst of the firing of the guns at Sumter. One of Uncle B.’s last puns (you know how fond he is of making them) was the following : ' What does the man who robs and catches the Governor of South Carolina get? Poor Pickings’ (Governor Pickens). I have just returned from seeing a company of zouaves drill ; their manoeuvres were miserable (!), and if this is a specimen of Northern chivalry, I don't think we have much to fear. Everybody here knows who we are, and whenever I go out the people stare and gaze at us. This evening I found little Fanny surrounded by girls, who were questioning and teasing her ; she seemed to be perfectly able to maintain her position, and she said ‘she gave them as good as they sent’ ; they all seemed quite amused at her answers, and said they liked to hear her— she talked so funny. One of the girls soon after came up to where 1 stood and said she thought the girls ‘hadn’t ought to tease Fannie.’ This is one of their common expressions, and another is that they ‘admire’ to take a walk, or play on the piano. .       . .

Grandmamma and I went into Boston the other day, and to my joy I saw a photo of President Davis in one of the windows. 1 immediately purchased it. The Babcocks are coming to take tea with us this evening, and I anticipate a good deal of pleasure in seeing Emma. She is as lovely as ever and I am sure you would like her. We are fast friends and I made her promise she would read Mr. Davis’s message, and as a reward I shall give her a very small piece of the flagstaff you sent me. She is a very sensible girl and in all our discussions we never get the least excited or vexed. ‘Abe Lincoln’ is her hero, and ‘Jeff Davis’ is mine; but there is one thing she never can explain, namely, Abe’s flight through Baltimore! But we agree in almost everything else. She thinks Napoleon the greatest man ever lived, and so do I. and that is a never failing source of conversation.

   “Mrs. Lincoln is now in Boston, and I suppose the Republicans are all flocking to see

her, and she is asking them ‘How they flourish?’ Boston is in a whirl of excitement; troops drilling and volunteering all the time —the stores and houses all decked with flags.

         Dear Papa, won’t you send us each a small flag of South Carolina, and the Confederate States ? I am very anxious to see them. Yesterday evening Aunt F. got an invitation to attend a meeting of ladies, to make shirts and sew for the different regiments ; she, of course, is not going. A poor set of creatures they must be if they can’t furnish their own shirts.

        .  . Uncle B. has just bought The

Sun announcing the secession of Virginia. I feel as if 1 can’t contain myself I am so glad. Poor Uncle B. looks as if he had taken a blue pill—he takes everything so to heart ; it is deplorable to see him. Aunt F. is in hopes that all the States will now follow and that will be the means of securing peace.”

   In the meantime all communication was rapidly being closed between the North and South, so that my parents began to feel great anxiety at their separation from my sister and myself. They had been conferring for some time, first with relatives, and then, as the right person, with Mr. William T. Walters, of Baltimore, as to the best means of getting us through the lines. The following letter was written by me to my brother at the Military School in the University of Virginia, just about two weeks before we finally succeeded in making the arrangements for our departure :

        “July 15, Longwood, near Boston.

            I received your letter several days ago, and I had a letter from Mamma about the same time, telling Grandmamma to send us on by the first good opportunity, but the wav Mr. Walters said was the only way we could go would not have been safe, and I am now anxiously awaiting news from Mamma as to whether we shall go to Fortress Monroe, and let Papa send a flag of truce and get us, or not. My trunks were all packed ready to start at a minute’s notice, when we received Mr. Walters’s letter, telling us that the only way of reaching Richmond was by going through Winchester, to which you know the troops are making a general movement.

   You may imagine how I felt. When Mr. Walters wrote the last time, all was different,
   
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 [pgbrk] From negatives in possession of F. H. Meserve.

            JEFFERSON DAVIS                                    MRS.        JEFFERSON    DAVIS

                    President of the Confederate States of America and his wife.
                    
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and I fully expected to go home. 1 had already pictured our meeting. I almost felt your kiss and I heard Papa calling us ‘his darlings’ and Mamma’s dear voice, and in one moment all was gone, and I glanced out of my window and instead of Richmond, I saw miserable old Boston. I felt as if my heart would break. .    .  .

   You ask me in your last if I was not ‘isolated’—that is exactly the word; with the exception of Emma Babcock and her family, there is not a soul here that cares whether 1 go or stay, or that 1 could call a friend ; but if nobody likes me, there is some satisfaction in knowing there is no love lost. If 1 did not follow your injunction, and never believe what I see in Republican journals, 1 should have an awful time of it ; for they make out the most desperate case. All the Confederate States soldiers are poor, half starved, naked, miserable wretches, that will run if you stick your finger at them ; they are all waiting for a chance to desert, etc., and become loyal citizens to King Abraham the First and Prime Minister General Scott. The Southerners are defeated in every engagement ; all the killed and

wounded are on their side, and none is injured on the other. Such is about the summary of their statements—mats je ne le crois pas, and so they don't disturb my mind much. I saw that Papa had gone disguised as a cattle drover to Washington, to pick up information for the President. That is about a specimen of their stories. Mamma writes me in her last that you have joined the Military School at the University of Virginia, and would enter the army in three months, if you wished to, at the end of that time. I suppose you are very glad. 1 don’t wonder and wish 1 could go too. 1 sit down to the piano every day and play ‘Dixie’ and think of you all the way in ‘the land ob cotton,’ etc.”

  Mr. Walters, to whom I alluded, arranged for us the only feasible plan for getting through the lines.

  When all arrangements had been made, through his kindness, we started off on our adventures—placed by my uncle in charge of a responsible gentleman who was to take us to Baltimore and deliver us into the care of Mr. Walters.
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   We were cautioned to be very quiet, to express nothing at what we heard or saw, and to be as unobtrusive as possible in our demeanor. I shall never forget my emotions the day we started. In the crown of my hat 1 had concealed a package of letters to be delivered in Richmond, and my importance in my own estimation was not a little enhanced by the possession of this delightful secret. We made the journey to Baltimore without mishap or adventure of any kind—and when we reached the station, and alighted from the car, I noticed a gentleman eagerly scanning the passengers as they passed him. As we approached he came forward, asked a question in an undertone, which was answered with equal caution, and we were hurried into a carriage and driven rapidly to Mr. Walters’s house on Mt. Vernon Place, where we were received by Mr. and Mrs. Walters with the greatest cordiality and affection. On refreshing ourselves after our journey, we were taken in to dinner, where my eyes fairly danced with delight at beholding in a wine-glass at each cover, a dear little Confederate flag—placed there in honor of the two little guests. After a short period our kind host and hostess bid us good-by, and we were again on our travels ; it not being deemed safe for us to remain in Baltimore.

   Mr. Walters’s brother now took charge of us and we were rapidly driven six or seven miles in the country, to a hotel called “ Paradise,” near Catonsville—and a veritable “Paradise” it proved to the two tired little children who were received with open arms by the kind ladies of the hotel. There we spent the night, and in the morning were again on our travels.

   On taking the train near the Relay House we found on board a number of the members of the Maryland Legislature, on their way to Frederick, at which place the Governor had convened the Legislature; Annapolis, the capital of the State, being under control of Federal troops. When we reached the Point of Rocks, we left the train, and had dinner at the country tavern, where we sat at table with a number of Federal soldiers, our appearance under such circumstances exciting no little interest and curiosity. Mr. Walters had with him an “open sesame,” in the shape of a pass from General Simon Cameron, Secretary of War ; and we were given every facility to proceed on our journey. At a signal, which had of course been prearranged, a boat put off from Virginia side,

bearing a white flag of truce, and our sensations may be imagined when we saw the little craft approaching which was to bear us over the swift, beautiful river into the dear land of “Dixie.” Our luggage being put on board we soon followed, and were rowed across the river without mishap. On reaching the shore we found a large, comfortable carriage and pair of horses waiting for us, and we were soon driving through a deep woods, where the sweet air and refreshing shade were very grateful after the glare, dust, and heat of our journey. It seemed like a story in fairyland, where the magic of the good fairy, at every turn, provides the thing most needed. Being furnished with fresh horses, we traveled almost all night, stopping to rest but a few hours ; and then, taking the train at Gordonsville, arrived in Richmond in the afternoon. We drove at once to the Spotswood Hotel to join my mother. Not knowing the hour we would arrive, she had gone out to the camp of the First Texas Regiment, which my father was commanding, to witness the presentation by the President of a beautiful Texas State flag which she had made for the regiment. Nothing must do but we must follow as soon as possible. When we reached the camp the ceremony was over and my father was reviewing his regiment.

   As the carriage stopped, word was carried forward of our arrival—and we were immediately surrounded by numbers of friends, eager to greet the little travelers ; and my father, hurriedly dismounting from his horse and leaving the regiment in charge of another officer, rushed forward to meet us. He returned with us to Richmond, and there, as we reached the Spotswood, coming down the stairs, we saw my mother; her beautiful face lit up with joy and her fair arms held out to welcome us. Then we were feted and caressed to our heart’s content; took tea with the President and his party that night, where our heads were completely turned by the attention shown us, and where we gave, to an appreciative audience, a full account of all our adventures “coming through the lines”—and the one query from all our eager auditors was : “What do they think of the battle of Manassas?”

                                                 II

Unhappily enough for our hopes, in less than four years from that time Northerners
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 MEMORIES OF THE BEGINNING AND END

  were thinking less of Manassas than of Sherman’s devastating march to the sea. The following letter, written to my mother by the wife of General Joseph E. Johnston, in command of the Army of the Tennessee, gives a picture of the time :

                             “Charlotte, N. C., February 19, 1865.

    I take advantage of this sweet quiet Sunday afternoon for a little chat with you. It is so quiet in my little nook and the bright sunshine outside looks so cheerful and calm that ’tis hard to realize the terrible storm of war that is raging within a few miles of us, or the scene of excitement and fatigue I have gone through myself. At last Sherman has planted himself upon Carolina soil; and the pretty little town of Columbia, we learn today, has been partially destroyed ; and alas, the poor women and children, who were forced to remain there, of their fate we know nothing ; but, oh horrors, have everything to fear from the nature of the savages who are desolating their homes. What a sight it was to see the poor people flying, almost terror stricken, to know what they could do— many leaving with only little bundles of clothes, and many compelled to remain, for they had nothing but God to look to for shelter. ... I left at the last moment on the car that brought the powder out. We only saved our clothes. How fortunate we were to do that, for many saved nothing. We left with the roar of the cannon in our ears.

    .  .  . I arrived here after spending two

  days and nights on the road—three hundred poor women on the car ahead of us—none of us able to get rooms. A gentleman came down to the cars at twelve at night and brought me to this home and gave me this delicious little room ; and here I am quite sick, with a doctor visiting me. I am waiting to hear from the General to know what to do. Oh, these terrible times of shipwreck —everything looks hopeless to me now ; and then, if we are to go down—we are so far apart that we can see nothing of each other but the glimpse of a pale face as it sinks out of sight ! What a glorious struggle our brave people have made for their liberties ! The sight of this town to-day is lamentable : women hunting in every direction for shelter, and the people themselves beginning to move off for a safer place.”

                           It seems almost incredible, and yet it is a

  fact, that in January and February, 1865, several entertainments were given in Richmond. The most notable of these was at the beautiful home of the Welfords, which was filled with guests who danced at what, 1 believe, was the last ball of the Confederacy. Grandmothers’ satins and brocades figured on the occasion ; and I warrant no lovelier group of women, nor company of gallant gentlemen, were ever gathered together. How the fiddles scraped and the music swelled for “the dancers dancing in tune” ; while they shut their ears and would not hear the minor key that wailed the ruin of our hopes. And the grim shade of Appomattox, looming darkly already on the horizon, stalked ever nearer and nearer.

    In a letter from Mrs. Joseph E. Johnston, dated “Charlotte, North Carolina, March 15th, 1865,” I find this record :

    “Charlotte is in a state of great excitement to-day, at the arrival of the President’s family on their way South. What does it mean ? Everybody seems to think it is the prelude to the abandonment of Richmond. How sad it seems, after such a struggle as that noble army has made to keep it. These terrible dark hours, when will they be past ?”

    A week before its evacuation we left Richmond. It was a lovely evening late in March ;

  ‘‘And as I saw around me the wide world revive

   With fruits and fertile promise, and the Spring

   Come forth her work of gladness to contrive With all her joyous birds upon the wing,

   I turned from all she brought to those she could not bring.”

    As the train pulled out and ran slowly across the long bridge over the James, we watched with aching hearts the sunshine lingering with loving light on the towers and spires of this city, which is veritably “set on a hill”—and the light shining there seemed but a reflection of the glory which shall for all time linger around her as the Capital of the Confederacy.

    We stopped in Raleigh and there heard of the fall of Richmond and the surrender at Appomattox. There we were joined by several of the Cabinet and Members of Congress and traveled in company with them to Georgia.
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463

  After General Johnston’s surrender—which followed on April 26th—and the capture of the President, it became necessary, in order to escape arrest, that my father should • make all possible effort at concealing his identity, and endeavor to make his way across the Mississippi River as speedily as might be, where Kirby Smith was still commanding the remnant of an army. To this end he donned the garb of a private soldier, shaved off his beard, and procured a borrowed parole. 1 have it yet.

                                                          “Appomattox Court House, Va.

                                                                          April 10, 1865.

  The bearer, pri. J. A. White, of Co. M, First Regt. of Texas Vols., a paroled Prisoner of the Army of Northern Virginia, has permission to go to his home and there remain undisturbed.        Jno. N. Wilson,

                                                                        Capt. commdg.”

  The next step was to secure a large covered wagon—in which could be stowed away the few belongings we had with us—and four strong mules to draw the load ; then an escort of paroled Texas soldiers was found, among whom my father took his place. Some kind friend provided a saddle horse for me, and, clad in a homespun dress and my head covered by a poke sun-bonnet, 1 rode alongside of the wagon. We were apparently a family of country people moving from one state to another ; and that a number of soldiers tramped along in company with us excited no surprise, as the countryside was full of these poor tired, heart-broken travelers, making their way back to their ruined homes. It is recorded of one of these pitiful wayfarers that he wandered at eventide to the door of a farm-house and accosted the woman standing there, with "Stranger, whar’s the spring—have you got any milk : I am so hongry, I don’t know where I am going to sleep to-night.”

  Our plan was to travel direct through the State of Alabama to Montgomery. And this we did, riding one hundred miles through the State. Of course we had no money ; that is, what the outside world called by that name. We had thousands of our dear old Confederate currency, in one hundred and five hundred dollar bills (with Stonewall Jackson’s head engraved in one corner, and the Confederate banner draped over General Washington on the Great Seal, with “ Deo Vin-dice” underneath it, on the other), but some kind friend had given us a large box of to-

bacco—which was as good as specie any time for a trade ; so we went on our way—not rejoicing—alas ! far from it; but with heavy hearts, while my father tramped the weary miles on foot among the Texas boys, who were proud enough to have the company of their former General and Senator in such unceremonious guise. And you may be sure they never told who he was. Nearing Montgomery, we stopped over night at Governor Fitzpatrick’s plantation and had a rousing welcome and the best' accommodations for tired travelers. My father and the Governor had much to talk over. When last he had seen him he was United States Senator from Alabama and possible candidate for the Vice-Presidency on the Breckenridge ticket. And now ! Well, the next morning we wended our way, and nearing Montgomery we caught sight of the first Federal pickets. 1 can feel now over again that suffocating sensation that sent the blood surging through the veins at sight of them. It was all over indeed.

   Here we parted from my father, who was to make his way with the soldiers, home to Texas—as it was not safe to go with us through towns and in the ordinary mode of traveling by railway and boat. We were received into the hospitable home of Mrs. Knox on the outskirts of Montgomery. Even the stress and straits of war had not been able to make an impression on the delightful luxury of her well-appointed home. Oh, the bliss of those delicious beds and the sweet linen sheets and the comfortable meals ! It seemed like a haven of rest after our terrible journey. In a few days Governor Watts, true friend and noble patriot, with heart and hand open to share his all with his countrymen, came for us and took us to his home, where plans were made for reaching our ultimate destination. Here we waited for some weeks, hoping for tidings from my brother who, we had heard, was making his way in our direction.

   One evening, about dark, I was standing at the gate, watching down the road, with hardly a thought or hope of his appearing, when, far up the dusty highway, I saw him coming. He walked slowly, unlike the brisk step 1 knew of old ; absolute dejection was in his mien, and he had no joyous greeting to give me. His uniform was worn and soiled, and he had taken from his collar the gold stars of his rank. Somehow I had no word to say. We stood and looked at each other. Finally we found speech, and to my query,
   
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  BABE RANDOLPH’S TURNING-POINT

 “What are you going to do?” he answered, “ I am on the way across the river to join Kirby Smith.”

                                                       I laid my hand upon his shoulder and paused a moment. “Have you not heard,’

  I said, “Kirby_Smith has surrendered?”
  
            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="fiction"><ab>
                

 BABE RANDOLPH'S TURNING-POINT

        BY ROBERT ALEXANDER WASON

          illustrated by e. l. blumenschein

                 ON July 3d, 1863, occurred one of the most picturesque cavalry fights of the entire war. The Union forces, under General Gregg, were opposed to the flower of the South, under “Jeb” Stuart. After a bitter struggle of seven hours the First Virginia was ordered to charge the right and center of the Union line.

    They came forward in splendid order, until finally checked by the Fifth Michigan, who were dismounted and protected by a stone fence. The advancing line was also exposed to a raking fire from the right but, being supported by the First North Carolina, they leaped the fence and forced the Fede-rals to retire. Both flanks were now exposed and a heavy fire from the Union artillery compelled them to fall back upon the main body.

    The entire left wing of the Confederate army, under Hampton, was now ordered to charge, and came sweeping up the slope in perfect alignment. It was an impressive and memorable sight, exposed as they were to a deadly fire of shrapnel and canister from the Union artillery. They did not falter nor waver nor return the fire themselves, but as fast as a gap was made they closed it up. Their sabers were drawn in their hands, and the rays of the setting sun falling upon them lit up the somber, dust-encircled line like flashes of lightning ripping through the black folds of a thunder cloud.

    They were under orders to waste no time firing, but to get within saber distance as

  soon as possible, and as this long line of perfect horsemen charged up the hill there was no sound save the clanking of accoutrements and the thud of the horses’ feet.

    The pride of the entire line was Troop “J ” of the Second Virginia. It was composed of veterans who had ridden horses from the day they were weaned, and had been with Stuart since the beginning. Their peculiar genius was shown in the superiority of their mounts. The men were often hungry and weary and sick, but they never gave a thought to themselves until after the horses had been taken care of. This was plainly evident now as they gradually drew ahead until the advance assumed the appearance of a vast triangle, with Troop “J ” at the very apex.

    The captain fell, and immediately after him the first lieutenant. This left Babe Randolph—big, reckless, beardless Babe Randolph—in command, and as the line received this word it was seen to falter. Babe was untried, or rather he had been tried and found wanting. The first day that he had tried to creep, he had set the house on fire, and from that time on he had always been up to his neck in trouble. He was surcharged with a spirit of mischief, which his grandparents had never been able to cope with, to even a grandparent’s satisfaction. He was never mean or underhanded, but had always been so strong and lusty that it seemed absolutely impossible for him to be sedate for more than the time he was forced to spend in sleep. His boyhood had been a strenuous and an inquisitive one, so that
 [pgbrk] BABE RANDOLPH’S TURNING-POINT

465

 from his sixth to his eighteenth year he had never been without at least one black eye. At that time the warriors capable of so decorating him were exceedingly hard to find. He had gained his name during his seventeenth year; a stranger from the North had taken occasion to tell him that he paid no attention to babes. He had first received a challenge, but having ignored that, had been given a horsewhipping and an opportunity to cool off in a slimy duck pond.

   He was twenty-two now, but even his two years in the army had not quelled his wildness, or at least no one thought it had, as about once a month he came into prominence through some daring scrape. For this reason he had never been trusted with any detached service, and while his courage was not doubted, his judgment was.

   So as the word was passed along the line the veterans of Troop “J” felt dubious. They all liked him—loved him, in fact—but when one man follows another into the Valley he wants to feel perfect confidence. If it had been First Sergeant Hendricks, for instance, there would have been no hesitation, but Babe—well Babe was Babe, and no man prophesied concerning him.

   As he missed the rough growls of Captain Carvel, and then the calm encouragement of Lieutenant Pinckney, he turned in his saddle and saw that he was commander of the troop, upon which the first shock of that charge must fall. If the point of that wedge proved soft, what did it matter how highly the rest might be tempered ? Troop “ J ” had to stand, and he had to give it the spirit.

   In the short time it had taken for these thoughts to flash through his brain, the germ of his manhood had broken its shell and thrilled through his whole being. He saw the doubt upon the faces of those nearest him and, realizing their feelings, he knew that it was imperative for him to gain their confidence. He held his saber above his head and shouted in his strong, resounding voice: “Men of Troop ‘J.' you must bear the whole brunt of this charge. As fast as there is a gap, fill it up. Our sabers are hungry ; follow me to the feast.”

   Babe was the tallest man in the troop ; his form could be plainly seen from the farthest end of the line, and his great, booming voice rang over the field like a trumpet. The men caught the tone and the spirit; they sat more erect in their saddles, they threw back their heads, and with the old, wild,

hunting yell, they followed Rodney Randolph up the hill and into that dense, spitting, terrible smoke, which hung at the top.

   For he was Babe no longer ; he had come into his rightful inheritance of courage and wisdom and dignity, and as the rich blood of a race of men surged through his veins and lit up his countenance, those behind him were rejoiced to follow him, even unto death.

   Every one who has felt the powerful muscles of a high-bred hunter roll and swell beneath him, can appreciate the feelings of Rodney Randolph as he galloped up the hill at the very head of this charge. There was perfect harmony between himself and Princess, his mount, she yielding her intelligence to him, he gaining his strength from her. There was no need for reins, the slightest pressure of the knee was enough to guide her, and as they swung easily up the slope, he felt like a centaur of old, filled with the glory of war.

   A large body of Union cavalry now broke loose from the main force and bore down upon Troop “J” in an endeavor to break up the point of the triangle, but the devoted followers of Rodney Randolph cut into that oncoming line of blue as the sharp bow of a battleship plunges into a heavy swell.

   The guidon-bearer had been riding at Rodney’s elbow and was the especial point of attack. Finally, his revolver being empty, he lowered the guidon staff and, using it as a lance, plunged the sharp head into the neck of one of his adversaries. The staff was immediately seized by two other Federals, and in the struggle which ensued before Rodney recovered it, the pennant was torn loose.

   As the Union troops, who saw the futility of their attack, were falling back upon their main body, Rodney fastened his battered gray hat to the staff, and waving it aloft he shouted jubilantly : “Men, this is the helmet of Navarre. Fear not—but follow me!”

   The wild riders at his back gave an exultant shout and surged up the hill again after the old slouch hat, which seemed like a tossing cork on the crest of an angry wave.

   The strange tumult at the center of the line caught the attention of both friend and foe, and General Gregg saw that he must break up that point at any cost; so the reserve, a picked body of men, were ordered against it, and under the dauntless Custer they dashed eagerly into the fray.

   As the full impact of this shock was felt, Troop “J” faltered, and a confused stampede
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seemed inevitable. As Rodney Randolph realized the awful consequences of such a disaster, he turned in his saddle and looked calmly back at his struggling men. His own saber had cleared a tiny circle around him for an instant, and he took the occasion to rally the drooping spirits of his command.

   The blood was flowing down his cheek from a jagged cut near his temple, his wavy black hair was blowing unheeded about his brow, and his eye blazed like the eye of an eagle. He raised himself once more in his stirrups and, in a voice which stung like the prick of a spur, he shouted: “Men of the Old Dominion, the eyes of Virginia are upon you. Let every man who honors his mother and loves his State—follow me!”

   Without waiting to note the effect of his words he turned and, waving his strange banner aloft, he forced his eager steed still deeper into the death-dealing ranks of the Union cavalry, his saber cutting here and thrusting there, until it looked like a circle of flame.

   For a single instant the troop faltered, and then the rough voice of First Sergeant Hendricks was heard growling like an angry bear : “After the Babe, after the Babe, you cowards; I’ll shoot the first man that falters.”

   With sadly reduced numbers the troop dashed after its lieutenant and, fighting shoulder to shoulder, soon forced its way to where the great bay mare was snorting and pawing and striving to advance to the very heart of the Union troops.

   And their desperate recklessness told in the end. Although inferior in numbers, they forced the Federals slowly back until they were finally demoralized and retreated in disorder.

   But it was as it was to be. As soon as the cavalry had passed the point of danger, the Union artillery, admirably placed, opened its scathing fire upon the remnant of Troop “J” of the Second Virginia, cutting down the horse and the rider, the young and the old, but not that wild leader, on the great bay mare, who still waved the old gray hat aloft and urged his followers on.

   General Gregg knew that if the Confederate charge was not stopped instantly his line would be cut in two and he would lose the battle. So he had drawn, under cover of Custer’s charge, a battery from the right and placed it in the center, where it had unlimbered, dangerously close to the enemy.

   Rodney knew that Stuart would support his charge and he saw that the one thing necessary for its success was the capture of that battery, so he called to his men, in his clarion voice : "Men, take that battery and the day is ours !”

   The men were as numb to danger as the horses by this time and, yelling like fiends, they bore down upon the battery, which seemed confused and unable to fire.

   When the exact time arrived, however, it was seen that the battery could fire, and fire with terrible precision. The muzzles had been depressed, so that the shrapnel struck the ground midway between the oncoming Confederates and the pieces themselves. By this means the shells were exploded and, glancing upward on a slight slant, the fragments tore with pitiless effect into the point of that advancing triangle.

   It was the crisis. The tall figure in front was seen to stagger and then to fall, and at this sight the point crumbled in like rotten masonry. The entire line paused, then closed up, and started to retreat in the best manner possible.

   When Rodney opened his eyes again it was night, and the quiet stars looked tranquilly down, unmoved and unpitying upon the scene of carnage. The Confederates had been forced from the field, and the Federals, after following them for some distance, had gone into camp, and being wearied with what had been a constant struggle for days, little attention was paid to the fallen, so that only those who had been conscious had been moved that night.

   He was in no pain, but felt an over-powering weakness, and lay perfectly still until he heard a low moan near him.

   “Somebody hurt ?” he asked.

   “ I didn’t know there was any one near or I shouldn’t ’a’ squealed,” said a soft voice in an apologetic tone. “I guess I’m done for, though.”

   “What outfit were you in?” asked Rodney.

   “Ninth Michigan. What was yours?” answered the same soft voice.

   “Oh, I was in the Second Virginia,” Rodney replied, hoping that this would not interfere with their conversation ; and it did not.

   “That big, wild-looking savage at the head of your charge fixed me,” said the Federal. “Saber clip on the crest. Oh, I’m burning up ! Why don’t they send some water 1”
   
   [pgbrk] 
  
  BABE RANDOLPH’S TURNING-POINT

467

   Rodney remembered that he had some water in a canteen slung from his shoulder, and he now tried to get it. The moment he moved the most excruciating pains shot through him, and he knew that he had been severely wounded. He could not move his legs at all. While he was getting the canteen loose, the moon, a beautiful crescent, rose from behind a clump of trees and cast its soft and peaceful light over the scene.

   Rodney could not quite reach the Federal, so he tossed the canteen to him. He was filled with a consuming thirst himself, but the faint moonlight showed him that his late foe was still younger than himself—a mere boy, of slight build and delicate, regular features. He was very pale and drank eagerly of the water, but after a few gulps he resolutely tossed it back again, saying : “Thanks; that was mighty good. I wish my mother could know all you’ve done for me. I’m the last and she’ll be sore lonesome, but I suppose God knows best; she always thought so. I can’t last much longer. Good-by.”

   The boy’s voice had been gradually growing weaker and he had been forced to pause several times during this simple farewell. Now he was perfectly still and Rodney felt very lonely. Suddenly the silence was broken by a strong voice saying : “ Here.”

   This was immediately followed by the death rattle, and Rodney knew that the Boy in Blue had answered his last roll-call.

   He examined himself as well as he could, and found that he was shot in the side and had several saber wounds, but this did not explain his inability to move his legs. Then, although it was torture, he forced himself to sit up and found that a dead horse was lying across them. The right one was very painful ; the left had that numb nerve-agony which is maddening. He leaned forward and felt of them as thoroughly as he could. The right one was broken ; the left had been torn away at the knee by a piece of shrapnel, and it was the horse which was staunching the flow of blood and keeping him alive. He sank back without a groan. He knew that there was no hope for him, even if the wound in his side had not been enough. His exertion had thrown him into an unbearable agony and he fainted.

   When he returned to consciousness he felt a burning pain in his right hand. The third finger had been cut off while he was lying insensible, and the great signet ring,

 which had been in his family for nearly three hundred years, was gone. The wakeful vultures who hover over a battlefield had found him, but this did not worry him now.

   What did move him, however, was the pressure of a moist nose upon his burning brow and the sight of a dark form standing beside him.

   “Oh, Princess !” he cried, all his pent-up emotion rushing forth like a tide. “And did you find me ! ”

   He kissed her soft, velvety muzzle, and choked back a sob. Alone and forsaken, he could be of iron, but the simple love of one faithful heart had broken down his stoicism.

   Turning his head he saw a sight which cut him like a knife. The mare’s left front leg had been torn away at the knee, and he could hear the drip, drip of her life-blood. It seemed to hurt him more than his own burning agony.

   “Oh, my lady,” he cried brokenly, “did they maim you too? Wasn’t I enough without killing you—my beauty, my flower, my swift desert queen. Ah, we Randolphs have tossed many a life into the fire, for a king, or a cause, but only God knows how many of your strain have been sacrificed, not knowing nor caring what caused the strife, if only the rider proved true.”

   The Southerner of those days did not regard his horse as a useful and convenient motor. The horse was his pride, his comforter, his friend. If disappointed, he turned to him for sympathy ; if jubilant, he turned to him for joy. And there is nothing which will so relieve the tense chords of the heart as will a wild gallop upon the proud back of a thoroughbred.

   The mare had been slowly bleeding for so long that she was greatly weakened, and, sinking down beside him, she laid her soft muzzle in his hand.

   “Faithful to death, my lady; faithful to death !   I wonder if you know, Princess,

how much better you are than we men. We talk bravely of love and honor and forgiveness ; you don’t—you only practise them.

   “Does it hurt so, does it pain so badly? Do you remember, Princess, how you used to follow me around the pasture and the barn and even into the house, when you were a tiny, wobbly little colt. Then you grew to be the greatest hunter in Virginia, and then the war. Do you remember the day that we rode away, Princess? You taking such proud steps and I sitting up straight and
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laughing carelessly, so that she would not think that I still cared. And this is the end of it, Princess ; this is the end of it all. But I’m glad that we're going out together; it won’t be so lonesome. You have been my only real friend, my only confidant, Princess. You are the only one who knew that Babe Randolph wasn’t satisfied with his wild, useless life. You are the only one who ever trusted me, and now I return it all by leading you forth to die.”

   The fortitude of the horse is wonderful; they never groan. Sometimes the tears gather and roll down their cheeks, but, as a rule, they suppress every sign of suffering. Princess made low, gurgling whinnies as Rodney talked to her, but it was not from pain, but only to show him that she understood.

   “ But, oh, Princess, wasn’t it grand ! Wasn’t it worth even the price we have paid ? You weren’t on trial, no one doubted you ; your fame was as broad as my folly—but now this last fight has cleared me, and in the roll of the Virginia Randolphs, Lieutenant Rodney, of the Second, will stand without dishonor; while you, Princess, will be th.3 tenth on the Randolph records to win the wreath of laurel. Many horses have we had, lady, but only nine ever won the laurel. ’Tis no light honor, and none has won it more fairly than you.

   “And you have rounded out a noble life, Princess ; your colts shall still gallop through the Old Dominion, but the line of Randolph ends with me. Oh, Princess, it’s hard to look back at the world and see all its joys and opportunities, and know that one has missed them and shall never have another chance. Do you suppose she ever does think of me, Princess? Just once in a long while—at twilight, say; or when the midnight storm rattles down the valley, or when she hears them reading the list of the fallen—don’t you think that maybe she does think of me, just for a moment then ? She will have to think of me when the news of this battle goes home, for we have fought a good fight and they will not forget us.”

   The mare was growing restless and shook her head from side to side, as if in great pain.

   “Are you awfully thirsty, Princess. There is just a little water which I was saving for the very end, but you shall have it; it won’t make much difference anyway.”

   He put the canteen in her mouth, as he had so often done before, and she drank eagerly.

   “Did it taste good, my lady? Wouldn’t you just love to get a long, sweet drink out of the old spring, back home ! Home, home. I wonder if you have a sound which means home. I know you have the thought. Even in this jangle of foray and fight, whenever we turned toward home, I could see your sharp ears point forward and knew what your hope must be. Princess, I wonder if there is another life. Do you know that every one of those twinkling little lights away up there, is a world, larger than this? Do you know that there never was a beginning, and there never will be an end ? It is an awful thought when one stands outside the great locked door and waits, for the turning of the key; but you don’t worry, do you ? You have lived your best and there is no regret at the end—only a flitting sorrow. I have never been so very bad, Princess; just useless. But God knows me, and He won’t expect too much.”

   She was getting very weak now and could hardly hold her head up.

   “ It isn’t right to make you suffer this way, lady. It’s pure selfishness—and after all that you’ve done for me. But it will be so lonely without you. I can’t bear to lie here all alone and wait for my last reveille, but you wouldn’t keep me suffering if you could help it, and I shall stop yours.”

   He loaded his revolver and threw the few remaining cartridges away. He knew what his temptation would be when left alone, and intended to throw the revolver away as soon as it had done its work. Then, raising himself upon his left arm, he kissed the white star on her forehead, and placed the muzzle of the revolver against the same white star.

   “Good-by, Princess. God bless you till we meet again.”

   Then he fired, and with scarcely a tremor the great mare settled on her side ; but in so doing, as if to return good for good, her beautiful head fell across his throat, and thus they who had been comrades in life were not separated in death.

   The moon, as if satisfied with the closing scene, sank slowly in to the west, leaving their sleep peaceful and undisturbed. At this moment from away off in the silent darkness, like a call from another world, a lonely trumpet sounded “Taps.” That sorrowful, heart-piercing, but mystically beautiful call, which marks the close of a soldier’s day and the close of a soldier’s life.
   
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 [pgbrk]   “‘Oh, Princess!’ be cried, all bis pent-up emotion rushing forth like a tide. ‘And did you find me!’"
 [pgbrk] The playing to-day was even a lovelier, happier thing than it had ever been before ”

            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="fiction"><ab>
                
 [pgbrk] IN THE CLOSED ROOM

             BY FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT

                   AUTHOR OF ‘‘LITTLE LORD FAUNTLEROY," ETC;

                ILLUSTRATED BY JESSIE WILLCOX SMITH

                         PART TWO

JUDITH climbed the basement stairs rather slowly. Her mother was busy rearranging the disorder the hastily departing servants had left. Their departure had indeed been made in sufficient haste to have left behind the air of its having been flight. There was a great deal to be done, and Jane Foster, moving about with broom and pail and scrubbing brushes, did not dislike the excitement of the work before her. Judith’s certainty that she would not be missed made all clear before her. If her absence was observed her mother would realize that the whole house lay open to her and that she was an undisturbing element wheresoever she was led either by her fancy or by circumstance. If she went into the parlors she would probably sit and talk to herself or play quietly with her shabby doll. In any case she would be finding pleasure of her own and would touch nothing which could be harmed.

  When the child found herself in the entrance hall she stopped a few moments to look about her. The stillness seemed to hold her and she paused to hear and feel it. In leaving the basement behind, she had left the movement of living behind also. No one was alive upon this floor—nor upon the next—nor the next. It was as if one had entered a new world—a world in which something existed which did not express itself in sound or in things which one could see. Chairs held out their arms to emptiness—cushions were not pressed by living things—only the people in the pictures were

looking at something, but one could not tell what they were looking at.

   But on the fourth floor was the Closed Room, which she must go to—because she must go to it—that was all she knew.

   She began to mount the stairs which led to the upper floors. Her shabby doll was held against her hip by one arm, her right hand touched the wall as she went, she felt the height of the wall as she looked upward. It was such a large house and so empty. Where had the people gone and why had they left it all at once as if they were afraid ? Her father had only heard vaguely that they had gone because they had had trouble.

   She passed the second floor, the third, and climbed towards the fourth. She could see the door of the Closed Room as she went up step by step, and she found herself moving more quickly. Yes, she must get to it—she must put her hand on it—her chest began to rise and fall with a quickening of her breath, and her breath quickened because her heart fluttered—as if with her haste. She began to be glad, and if any one could have seen her they would have been struck by a curious expectant smile in her eyes.

   She reached the landing and crossed it, running the last few steps lightly. She did not wait or stand still a moment. With the strange expectant smile on her lips as well as in her eyes, she put her hand upon the door—not upon the handle, but upon the panel. Without any sound it swung quietly open. And without any sound she stepped quietly inside.

   The room was rather large and the light in it was dim. There were no shutters, but
            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="images"><ab>
                
 [pgbrk]                 “ ‘I wish they were not dead.,' she said softly to the silence”
 [pgbrk] "' I’m going up to play with the little girl, mother,  ....      You don’t

                                                     mind, do you ? ’ ”
                                                     
            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="fiction"><ab>
                

  the blinds were drawn down. Judith went to one of the windows and drew its blind up so that the look of the place might be clear to her. There were two windows and they opened upon the flat roof of an extension, which suggested somehow that it had been used as a place to walk about in. This, at least, was what Judith thought of at once—that some one who had used the room had been in the habit of going out

  upon the roof and staying there as if it had been a sort of garden. There were rows of flower-pots with dead flowers in them—there were green tubs containing large shrubs, which were dead also—against the low parapet certain of them held climbing plants which had been trained upon it. Two had been climbing roses, two were clematis, but Judith did not know them by name. The ledge of the window was so low that a mere
 [pgbrk] 474

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step took her outside. So taking it, she stood among the dried, withered things and looked in tender regret at them.

   “ I wish they were not dead,” she said softly to the silence. “It would be like a garden if they were not dead.”

   The sun was hot, but a cool, little breeze seemed straying up from among the trees of the Park. It even made the dried leaves of the flowers tremble and rustle a little. Involuntarily she lifted her face to the blue sky and floating white clouds. They seemed so near that she felt almost as if she could touch them with her hand. The street seemed so far—so far below—the whole world seemed far below. If one stepped off the parapet it would surely take one a long time to reach the earth. She knew now why she had come up here. It was so that she might feel like this—as if she was upheld far away from things—as if she had left everything behind—almost as if she had fallen awake again. There was no perfume in the air, but all was still and sweet and clear.

   Suddenly she turned and went into the room again, realizing that she had scarcely seen it at all and that she must see and know it. It was not like any other room she had seen. It looked more simple, though it was a pretty place. The walls were covered with roses, there were bright pictures, and shelves full of books. There was also a little writing desk and there were two or three low chairs, and a low table. A closet in a corner had its door ajar and Judith could see that inside toys were piled together. In another corner a large doll’s house stood, looking as if some one had just stopped playing with it. Some toy furniture had been taken out and left near it upon the carpet.

   “ It was a little girl’s room,” Judith said. “Why did they close it ?”

   Her eye was caught by something lying on a sofa—something covered with a cloth. It looked almost like a child lying there asleep—so fast asleep that it did not stir at all. Judith moved across to the sofa and drew the cloth aside. With its head upon a cushion was lying a very large doll, beautifully dressed in white lace, its eyes closed, and a little wreath of dead flowers in its hair,

   “It looks almost as if it had died too,” said Judith.

   She did not ask herself why she said “as if it had died too”—perhaps it was because the place was so still—and everything so far

                                                    away—that the flowers had died in the strange, little deserted garden on the roof.

   She did not hear any footsteps—in fact, no ghost of a sound stirred the silence as she stood looking at the doll’s sleep—but quite quickly she ceased to bend forward, and turned round to look at something which she knew was near her. There she was— and it was quite natural she should be there —the little girl with the face like a white flower, with the quantity of burnished coppery hair and the smile which deepened the already deep dimple near her mouth.

   “You have come to play with me,” she said.

                                                    “Yes,” answered Judith. “I wanted to come all night. 1 couldn't stay down-stairs.”

   “No,” said the child; “you can’t stay down-stairs. Lift up the doll.”

   They began to play as if they had spent their lives together. Neither asked the other any questions. Judith had not played with other children, but with this one she played in absolute and lovely delight. The little girl knew where all the toys were, and there were a great many beautiful ones. She told Judith where to find them and how to arrange them for their games. She invented wonderful things to do—things which were so unlike anything Judith had ever seen or heard or thought of that it was not strange that she realized afterwards that all her past life and its belongings had been so forgotten as to be wholly blotted out while she was in the Closed Room. She did not know her playmate’s name, she did not remember that there were such things as names. Every moment was happiness. Every moment the little girl seemed to grow more beautiful in the flower whiteness of her face and hands and the strange lightness and freedom of her movements. There was an ecstasy in looking at her—in feeling her near.

   Not long before Judith went down-stairs she found herself standing with her outside the window in among the withered flowers.

   “It was my garden,” the little girl said. “It has been so hot and no one has been near to water them, so they could not live.”

   She went lightly to one of the brown rosebushes and put her pointed-fingered little hand quite near it. She did not touch it, but held her hand near—and the leaves began to stir and uncurl and become fresh and tender again, and roses were nodding, blooming on the stems. And she went in the same manner to each flower and plant in
   
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            <div type="images"><ab>
                
 [pgbrk]    ‘ They held each other’s slim-pointed hands and stepped out upon the broad, fresh green

                                             pathway ”
                                             
            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="fiction"><ab>
                
 [pgbrk] 476

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turn until all the before dreary little garden was bright and full of leaves and flowers.

   “It’s Life,” she said to Judith. Judith nodded and smiled back at her, understanding quite well just as she had understood the eyes of the bird who had swung on the twig so near her cheek the day she had hidden among the bushes in the Park.

   “Now, you must go,” the little girl said at last. And Judith went out of the room at once—without waiting or looking back, though she knew the white figure did not stir till she was out of sight.

   It was not until she had reached the second floor that the change came upon her. It was a great change and a curious one. The Closed Room became as far away as all other places and things had seemed when she had stood upon the roof feeling the nearness of the blueness and the white clouds—as when she had looked round and found herself face to face with the child in the Closed Room. She suddenly realized things she had not known before. She knew that she had heard no voice when the little girl spoke to her—she knew that it had happened, that it was she only who had lifted the doll—who had taken out the toys—who had arranged the low table for their feast, putting all the small service upon it—and though they had played with such rapturous enjoyment and had laughed and feasted—what had they feasted on ? That she could not recall— and not once had she touched or been touched by the light hand or white dress— and though they seemed to express their thoughts and intentions freely she had heard no voice at all. She was suddenly bewildered and stood rubbing her hand over her forehead and her eyes—but she was happy—as happy as when she had fallen awake in her sleep—and was no more troubled or really curious than she would have been if she had had the same experience every day of her life.

   “Well, you must have been having a good time playing up-stairs,” Jane Foster said when she entered the big kitchen. “This is going to do you good, Judy. Looks like she’d had a day in the country, don’t she, Jem ?”

   Through the weeks that followed her habit of “playing up-stairs” was accepted as a perfectly natural thing. No questions were asked and she knew it was not necessary to enter into any explanations.

   Every day she went to the door of the Closed Room and, finding it closed, at a

touch of her hand upon the panel it swung softly open. There she waited—sometimes for a longer, sometimes for a shorter time— and the child with the coppery hair came to her. The world below was gone as soon as she entered the room, and through the hours they played together joyously as happy children play. But in their playing it was always Judith who touched the toys—who held the doll—who set the little table for their feast. Once as she went down-stairs she remembered that when she had that day made a wreath of roses from the roof and had gone to put it on her playmate’s head, she had drawn back with deepened dimple and, holding up her hand, had said, laughing :

   “ No. Do not touch me.”

   But there was no mystery in it after all. Judith knew she should presently understand.

   She was so happy that her happiness lived in her face in a sort of delicate brilliance. Jane Foster observed the change in her with exceeding comfort, her view being that spacious quarters, fresh air, and sounder sleep had done great things for her.

   “Them big eyes of hers ain’t like no other child's eyes I’ve ever seen,” she said to her husband with cheerful self-gratulation. “An’ her skin’s that fine an’ thin an’ fair you can jest see through it. She always looks to me as if she was made out of different stuff from me, an’ you, Jem. I’ve always said it.”

   “She’s going to make a corking handsome girl,” responded Jem with a chuckle.

   They had been in the house two months, when one afternoon, as she was slicing potatoes for supper, Jane looked round to see the child standing at the kitchen doorway, looking with a puzzled expression at some wilted flowers she held in her hand, jane’s impression was that she had been coming into the room and had stopped suddenly to look at what she held.

   “What’ve you got there, Judy?” she asked.

   “They’re flowers,” said Judith, her eyes still more puzzled.

   “Where’d you get ’em from? I didn’t know you’d been out. I thought you was up-stairs.”

   “I was,” said Judith quite simply. “In the Closed Room.”

   Jane Foster’s knife dropped into her pan with a splash.
 [pgbrk] FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT

All

   “Well,” she gasped.

   Judith looked at her with quiet eyes.

   “The Closed Room !” Jane cried out. “What are you saying? You couldn’t get in ?”

   “Yes, I can.”

   Jane was conscious of experiencing a shock. She said afterwards that suddenly something gave her the creeps.

   “You couldn’t open the door,” she persisted. “ I tried it again yesterday as I passed by—turned the handle and gave it a regular shove and it wouldn’t give an inch.” “Yes,” the child answered; “ I heard you. We were inside then.”

   A few days later, when Jane weepingly related the incident to awe-stricken and sympathizing friends, she described as graphically as her limited vocabulary would allow her to do so, the look in Judith’s face as she came nearer to her.

   “Don’t tell me there was nothing happening then,” she said. “She just came up to me with them dead flowers in her hand an’ a kind of look in her eyes as if she was half sorry for me an’ didn’t know quite why.

   ‘“The door opens for me,’ she says. ‘That’s where I play every day. There’s a little girl comes and plays with me. She comes in at the window, I think. She is like the picture in the room where the books are. Her hair hangs down and she has a dimple near her mouth.’

   “I couldn’t never tell any one what I felt like. It was as if I’d got a queer fright that I didn’t understand.

   “‘She must have come over the roof from the next house,’ I says. ‘They’ve got an extension too—but I thought the people were gone away.’

   “‘There are flowers on our roof,’ she said. ‘I got these there.’ And that puzzled look came into her eyes again. ‘They were beautiful when I got them—but as 1 came down-stairs they died.’

   “‘Well, of all the queer things,’ I said. She put out her hand and touched my arm sort of lovin’ an’ timid.

   “‘I wanted to tell you to-day, mother,’ she said. ‘1 had to tell you to-day. You don’t mind if 1 go play with her, do you? You don’t mind.’

   “ Perhaps it was because she touched me that queer little loving way—or was it the way she looked—it seemed like something came over me an’ I just grabbed her an’ hugged her up.

   “‘No,’ I says. ‘So as you come back. So as you come back.’

   “And to think!” And Jane rocked herself sobbing.

   A point she dwelt on with many tears was that the child seemed in a wistful mood and remained near her side—bringing her little chair and sitting by her as she worked, and rising to follow her from place to place as she moved from one room to the other.

   “She wasn’t never one as kissed you much or hung about like some children do— I always used to say she was the least bother of any child 1 ever knew. Seemed as if she had company of her own when she sat in her little chair in the corner whispering to herself or just setting quiet.” This was a thing Jane always added during all the years in which she told the story. “ That was what made me notice. She kept by me and she kept looking at me different from any way I’d seen her look before—not pitiful exactly —but something like it. And once she came up and kissed me and once or twice she just kind of touched my dress or my hand—as I stood by her. She knew. No one need tell me she didn’t.”

   But this was an error. The child was conscious only of a tender, wistful feeling, which caused her to look at the affectionate healthy young woman who had always been good to her and whom she belonged to, though she remotely wondered why—the same tenderness impelled her to touch her arm, hand and simple dress, and folding her arms round her neck to kiss her softly. It was an expression of gratitude for all the rough casual affection of the past. All her life had been spent at her side—all her life on earth had sprung from her.

   When she went up-stairs to the Closed Room the next day she told her mother she was going before she left the kitchen.

   "I’m going up to play with the little girl, mother,” she said. “You don’t mind, do you ?”

   Jane had had an evening of comfortable domestic gossip and joking with Jem, had slept, slept soundly and eaten a hearty breakfast. Life had reassumed its wholly norma] aspect. The sun was shining hot and bright and she was preparing to scrub the kitchen floor. She believed that the child was mistaken as to the room she had been in.

   "That’s all right,” she said, turning the hot water spigot over the sink so that the
 [pgbrk] 478

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boiling water poured forth at full flow into her pail, with clouds of steam. “ But when I’ve done my scrubbing I’m cornin’ up to see if it is the Closed Room you play in. If it is, I guess you’d better play somewhere else—and I want to find out how you get that door open. Run along if you like.”

   Judith came back to her from the door. “Yes,” she said, “come and see. But if she is there,” putting her hand on Jane’s hip gently,“you mustn’t touch her.”

   lane turned off the hot water and stared.

   “ Her !”

   “The little girl who play.;. / never touch her. She says 1 must not.”

   Jane lifted her pail from the sink, laughing outright.

   “Well, that sounds as if she was a pretty airy young one,” she said. “ I guess you’re a queer little pair. Run on. 1 must get at this floor.”

   Judith ran up the three flights of stairs lightly. She was glad she had told her mother, though she wondered vaguely why it had never seemed right to tell her until last night, and last night it had seemed not so much necessary as imperative. Something had obliged her to tell her. The time had come when she must know. The Closed Room door had always shut itself gently after Judith had passed through it, and yesterday, when her mother passing by chance, had tried the handle so vigorously the two children inside the room had stood still gazing at each other, but neither had spoken and Judith had not thought of speaking. She was out of the realm of speech, and without any sense of amazement was aware that she was out of it. People with voices and words were in that far-away world below.

   The playing to-day was even a lovelier, happier thing than it had ever been before. It seemed to become each minute a thing farther and farther away from the world in the streets where the Elevated Railroad went humming past like a monster bee. And with the sense of greater distance came a sense of greater lightness and freedom. Judith found that she was moving about the room and the little roof garden almost exactly as she had moved in the waking dreams where she saw Aunt Hester—almost as if she was floating and every movement was ecstasy. Once as she thought this she looked at her playmate, and the child smiled

 and answered her as she always did before she spoke.

   “Yes,” she said; “1 know her. She will come. She sent me.”

   She had this day a special plan with regard to the arranging of the Closed Room. She wanted all the things in it—the doll—the chairs—the toys—the little table and its service to be placed in certain positions. She told Judith what to do. Various toys were put here or there—the little table was set with certain dishes in a particular part of the room. A book was left lying upon the sofa cushion, the large doll was put into a chair near the sofa, with a smaller doll in its arms, on the small writing desk a letter, which Judith found in a drawer—a half-written letter—was laid, the pen was left in the ink. It was a strange game to play, but somehow Judith felt it was very pretty. When it was all done—and there were many curious things to do—the Closed Room looked quite different from the cold, dim, orderly place the door had first opened upon. Then it had looked as if everything had been swept up and set away and covered and done with forever—as if the life in it had ended and would never begin again. Now it looked as if some child who had lived in it and loved and played with each of its belongings, had just stepped out from her play—to some other room quite near—quite near. The big doll in its chair seemed waiting—even listening to her voice as it came from the room she had run into.

   The child with the burnished hair stood and looked at it with her delicious smile.

   “That is how it looked,” she said. “They came and hid and covered everything^as if 1 had gone—as if I was Nowhere. I want her to know I come here. I couldn’t do it myself. You could do it for me. Go and bring some roses.”

   The little garden was a wonder of strange beauty with its masses of flowers. Judith brought some roses from the bush her playmate pointed out. She put them into a light bowl which was like a bubble of thin, clear glass and stood on the desk near the letter. .

   “If they would look like that,” the little girl said, “she would see. But no one sees them like that—when the Life goes away with me.”

   After that the game was finished and they went out on the roof garden and stood and looked up into the blue above their heads.
 [pgbrk] FRANCES HODGSON BURNETT

 479

How blue—how blue—how clear—how near and real ! And how far and unreal the streets and sounds below. The two children stood and looked up and laughed at the sweetness of it.

   Then Judith felt a little tired.

   “ I will go and lie down on the sofa,” she said.

   “Yes,” the little girl answered. “It’s time for you to go to sleep.”

   They went into the Closed Room and Judith lay down. As she did so, she saw that the door was standing open and remembered that her mother was coming up to see her and her playmate.

   The little girl sat down by her. She put out her pretty fine hand and touched Judith for the first time. She laid her little pointed fingers on her forehead and Judith fell asleep.

   It seemed only a few minutes before she wakened again. The little girl was standing by her.

   “Come,” she said.

   They went out together onto the roof among the flowers, but a strange—a beautiful thing had happened. The garden did not end at the parapet and the streets and houses were not below. The little garden, ended in a broad green pathway—green with thick, soft grass and moss covered with trembling white and blue bell-like flowers. Trees—fresh leaved as if spring had just awakened them—shaded it and made it look smiling fair. Great white blossoms tossed on their branches and Judith felt that the scent in the air came from them. She forgot the city was below, because it was millions and millions of miles away, and this was where it was right to be. There was no mistake. This was real. All the rest was unreal—and millions and millions of miles away.

   They held each other’s slim-pointed hands and stepped out upon the broad, fresh green pathway. There was no boundary or end to its beauty, and it was only another real thing that coming towards them from under the white, flowering trees was Aunt Hester.

   In the basement Jane Foster was absorbed in her labors, which were things whose accustomedness provided her with pleasure. She was fond of her scrubbing, she enjoyed the washing of her dishes, she definitely entertained herself with the splash and soapy foam of her wash-tubs and the hearty smack

and swing of her ironing. In the days when she had served at the ribbon counter in a department store, she had not found life as agreeable as she had found it since the hours which were not spent at her own private sewing machine were given to hearty domestic duties providing cleanliness, savory meals, and comfort for Jem.

   She was so busy this particular afternoon that it was inevitable that she should forget all else but the work which kept her on her knees scrubbing floors or on a chair polishing windows, and afterwards hanging before them bits of clean, spotted muslin.

   She was doing this last when her attention being attracted by wheels in the street stopping before the door, she looked out to see a carriage door open and a young woman, dressed in exceptionally deep mourning garb step onto the pavement, cross it, and ascend the front steps.

   “Who’s she?” Jane exclaimed disturb-edly. “Does she think the house is to let because it’s shut ?” A ring at the front door bell called her down from her chair. Among the duties of a caretaker is naturally included that of answering the questions of visitors. She turned down her sleeves, put on a fresh apron, and ran up-stairs to the entrance hall.

   When she opened the door, the tall, young woman in black stepped inside as if there were no reason for her remaining even for a moment on the threshold.

   “I am Mrs. Haldon,” she said. “I suppose you are the caretaker ? ”

   Haldon was the name of the people to whom the house belonged. Jem Foster had heard only the vaguest things of them, but Jane remembered that the name was Haldon and, remembering that they had gone away because they had had trouble, she recognized at a glance what sort of trouble it had been. Mrs. Haldon was tall and young and, to Jane Foster’s mind, expressed from head to foot the perfection of all that spoke for wealth and fashion. Her garments were heavy and rich with crape, the long, black veil, which she had thrown back, swept over her shoulder and hung behind her, serving to set forth, as it were, more pitifully the white wornness of her pretty face, and a sort of haunting eagerness in her haggard eyes. She had been a smart, lovely, laughing, and lovable thing, full of pleasure in the world, and now she was so stricken and devastated that she seemed set apart in an awful lonely world of her own.
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   She had no sooner crossed the threshold than she looked about her With a quick, smitten glance and began to tremble. Jane saw her look shudder away from the open door of the front room, where the chairs had seemed left as if set for some gathering, and the wax-white flowers had been scattered on the floor.

   She fell into one of the carved hall seats and dropped her face into her hands, her elbows resting on her knees.

   “Oh! No! No!” she cried. “I can’t believe it. I can’t believe it !”

   Jane Foster’s eyes filled with good-natured ready tears of sympathy.

   “Won’t you come up-stairs, ma’am ? ” she said. “Wouldn’t you like to set in your own room perhaps?”

   “No! No!” was the answer. “She was always there ! She used to come into my bed in the morning. She used to watch me dress to go out. No ! No !”

   “I'll open the shutters in the library,” said Jane.

   “Oh ! No ! No ! No ! She would be sitting on the big sofa with her fairy storybook. She’s everywhere—everywhere! How could I come? Why did I ? But I couldn't keep away !    1 tried to stay in the moun-

tains. But I couldn’t. Something dragged me day and night. Nobody knows 1 am here!” She got up and looked about her again. “ I have never been in here since ! went out with her,” she said. “They would not let me come back. They said it would kill me. And now I have come—and everything is here—all the things we lived with— and she is millions and millions—and millions of miles away !”

   “Who—who—was it ?” Jane asked timidly in a low voice.

   “It was my little girl,” the poor young beauty said. “It was my little Andrea. Her portrait is in the library.”

   Jane began to tremble somewhat herself. “That—?” she began—and ended: “ She is dead ? ”

   Mrs. Haldon had dragged herself almost as if unconsciously to the stairs. She leaned against the newel post and her face dropped upon her hand.

   “Oh! I don't know!” she cried. “I cannot believe it. How could it be ? She was playing in her nursery—laughing and playing—and she ran in to the next room to show me a flower—and as she looked up at me—laughing, I tell you—laughing—she

sank slowly down on her knees—and the flower fell out of her hand quietly—and everything went out of her face—everything was gone away from her, and there was never anything more—never !”

   Jane Foster’s hand had crept up to her throat. She did not know what made her cold.

   “My little girl—” she began, “ her name

is Judith ”

   “Where is she?” said Mrs. Haldon in a breathless way.

   “She is up-stairs,” Jane answered slowly. “She goes—into that back room—on the

fourth floor ”

   Mrs. Haldon turned upon her with wide eyes.

   “It is locked!” she said. “They put everything away. 1 have the key.”

   “The door opens for her,” said Jane. “She goes to play with a little girl—who comes to her. I think she comes over the roof from the next house.”

   “There is no child there I” Mrs. Haldon shuddered. But it was not with horror. There was actually a wiid dawning bliss in her face. “What is she like?”

   “She is like the picture.” Jane scarcely knew her own monotonous voice. The world of real things was being withdrawn from her and she was standing without its pale—alone with this woman and her wild eyes. She began to shiver because her warm blood was growing cold. “She is a child with red hair—and        there is a deep dimple

near her mouth.         Judith       told me.     You

must not touch her.”

   She heard a wild gasp—a flash of something at once anguish and rapture blazed across the haggard, young face—and with a swerving as if her      slight       body had    been

swept round by a sudden              great wind, Mrs.

Haldon turned and fled up the stairs.

   Jane Foster followed. The great wind swept her upward too. She remembered no single intake or outlet of breath until she was upon the fourth floor.

   The door of the Closed Room stood wide open and Mrs. Haldon was swept within.

   Jane Foster saw her stand in the middle of the room a second, a tall, swaying figure. She whirled to look about her and flung up her arms with an unearthly rapturous, whispered cry :

    It is all as she left it when she ran to me and fell. She has been here—to show me it is not so far ! ”
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481

    Jane stood by the sofa—looking down. When she bent and touched the child the stillness of the room seemed to have got into her blood.

    “No,” she said, quivering, but with a strange simplicity. "No! not asleep! It was this way with her Aunt Hester.”

 THE END

 THE HOUSE OF FULFILMENT

         BY GEORGE MADDEN MARTIN

          AUTHOR OF ‘‘EMMY LOU 1 HER BOOK AND HEART”

    She sank slowly upon her knees, wild happiness in her face—wild tears pouring down it.

    "She has seen her!” And she stretched forth yearning arms towards the little figure of Judith, who lay quiet upon the sofa in the corner. “Your little girl has seen her—and 1 dare not waken her. She is asleep. ”

 PART II I—CHAPTER IV

                  NOW William Leroy supposed Mrs. Garnier to be in his mother’s room. A moment later he followed Alexina up the stairs, meaning to get something out of his desk which he wished to show her. He was a most direct youth considering that he was, by his mother’s confession, a timorous one. There was an odd little smile about his mouth perhaps because all things looked pleasant right now.

    His nature was practical rather than sanguine and built in general only on things achieved, but to-day the fruit was hanging golden on the trees and the grove was one of the few new ones in bearing. He had anticipated the railroad by several years in planting, and now the grove and house were going to bring a figure larger than he had ever hoped for.

    As the Israelites yearned for Canaan, he was looking towards the pastoral lands of Kentucky. To-day, for the once, he would let this new buoyancy, this unanalyzed optimism, run warm in his blood ; why not ? He was young, he was strong, he was master of his circumstances for the first time.

    He went up the steps lightly, springily, with a sort of exuberant joy in the mere action. His canvas shoes made no sound.

  The stairs landed him at his own door. He brought up short.

    Alexina was standing midway of the threshold ; he thought he heard a sob.

    She turned hurriedly, her hands outspread across the doorway as by instinct.

    “Don’t,” she begged ; “please go away.” Then as he wheeled, “No, don’t; wait—” She swallowed before she could speak.

    “It’s Molly,” she said. “Can you send us back to town ; she’s—she’s ”

    “Not well,” the daughter was trying to say. The boy’s straightforward eyes were fixed on hers inquiringly.

    “What’s the use; I can’t lie,” she broke down miserably. “ I ought not to have come with her.” Her arms dropped from across the doorway. In all perplexity he was waiting. He had a glimpse of Molly within, drooping against the table, and her eyes regarding them with a kind of furtive fear.

    His hunting flask from out the cellarette was there on the table.

    The girl was speaking with effort. “I’m sorry ; she must have felt bad and found it.”

    She suddenly hid her face in her hands against the casement.

    That roused him. He felt dazed. It needed a woman here to feel the way.

    “I’ll get mother,” he said.
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   “Oh," begged the girl and quivered, “can’t we get back to town without ? Must she know ?”

   King was growing himself again. “ Why,” he said, “of all people, yes, mother.”

   He went down the steps two at a time. There was no sensitive apprehension in his manner when he brought her back, as there was often concerning his mother; he knew her strength as well as her incompetencies.

   She came straight up and hardly noticed Alexina as she passed but went on to Molly, whose eyes, full of shame and fear, were dully watching the scene.

   Charlotte put her arms about her, drew her to the sofa, and sat by her. “ Poor dear,” she said, “poor dear.”

   Molly drooped, trembled, then turned and clung to her crying piteously, “You’re sorry for me. I did it because I’m afraid. He said they all come down here to die. Malise don’t know, she don’t understand, she’s hard.”

   “You go down to your dinner, Alexina,” said Charlotte ; “ it’s waiting. Oh, yes, yes ; you will go.” There was finality in the tone, very different from Charlotte’s usually indefinite directions. “ Leave your mother to me ; oh, you needn’t tell me anything about it, I know. And take that hardness out of your face, Alexina; it’s your own fault if you let this embitter you; it’s ourselves that let things spoil our lives, not the things. I’ll tell you something that you may believe I know, something that I told Willy at a time his arrogance seemed to need the knowledge. My father—my great, splendid, handsome father—all my life was—this way. But he came straight home to my mother, and so she kept him from worse, and held him to his place in the world. Keep on loving them; it’s the only way. Many a time we’ve all cried together like babies, father and mother and

 I, by her sofa ”

   “Willy,” called Charlotte. The boy ran up from below. “Take Alexina down to her dinner and afterwards take her out of doors. No ; you’re not going back to the hotel ; not to-night. Willy can send Peter in for your woman and your things, for you’re going to stay here till she’s better and you see this thing differently.”

   That evening King and Alexina sat on the edge of the pier, the water lapping the posts beneath their swinging feet. He was peel-

 ing joints of sugar cane and handing her sections on the blade of his knife, she trying to convince herself that they were as toothsome as he insisted they were. He could idle like a child.

   But the girl’s mind was back there in the house. “According to your mother,” she was saying, "there’s got to be affection back of the doing of a duty.” Poor child, she was putting it so guardedly, so impersonally, she thought.

   “Well,” said he, dropping his unappreciated bits of cane, piece by piece into the water, “that’s a woman’s way of looking at it.”

   “What’s a man’s?” asked the girl at that, “how does a man do hard things ?”

   “He just goes at ’em, 1 should say,” said he, “and doesn’t analyze. He’s got to be at something, you know, it’s part of the creed.”

   “What creed?” demanded Alexina.

   “Mr. Jonas’s.”

   “Oh,” said Alexina, “yes I see.”

                                       CHAPTER V

Molly, Alexina and Celeste stayed a week at Nancy with the Leroys. It was a household wherein there was no strain, no tension, though, to be sure, there was small management. One had a comical apprehension that Mandy the cook and Tina the washwoman kept their families off the gullibility and good faith of their mistress.

   Alexina was sent into the sunshine.

   “ Keep her outdoors,” Charlotte commanded Willy; “the child’s morbid.”

   Mr. Jonas drove out with trophies of game as offerings to Mrs. Garnier. One morning Mr. Henderson came with him in the buck-board, and Molly and the two men sat in the sunshine on the porch and talked.

   “Did he die?” she asked the minister presently.

   “Who?”

   “The man at the house where you stopped that day?” She asked it as one driven to know, even while apprehensive of the answer.

   Exultation leaped for an instant to the young man’s face—a stern joy. “ He died,” he told her, “but in the faith at the end.”

   “In what faith?” Molly asked curiously. She was a child in so many things.

   “The church,” he told her, with reproof in his tone.
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   The click of Mr. Jonas’s incisors upon incisors chopped the air.

   But Molly moved a little nearer the minister.

   “Yes,” she agreed slowly, unwillingly almost ; “they all do. Father Bonot used to say it over and over. They all come back to the church to—to die.”

   She was shivering.

   There was a quick, snapped off h’ah from Mr. Jonas.

   Mr. Henderson looked bewildered. “ I did not know ; then, Mrs. Garnier, you are ”

   “I’m a Catholic,” said Molly, a little in wonder.

   “Romanist,” said the other gently.

   But Molly wasn’t listening nor would she have known what the distinction meant, had she been. It was Mr. Jonas who gave forth another sound that was almost a snort, and marched off to where King and Alexina were sitting on the step.

   Molly watched him go, then glanced around as if to insure aloofness and leaned forward her fingers pulling at the edge of her handkerchief.

   “You helped him to die, and you’re a priest—one sort of a priest—and 1 want to tell you ”

   “No,” said the other ; “you do not understand ; let me make you see.”

   “It doesn’t matter,” said Molly; “no,” hurriedly, “let me tell you, 1 want to tell you. It will help me. I take things— I have to ; anything that will make me forget and make me sleep. I’m afraid—I take it because I’m afraid to die.”

   He looked at her out of dull eyes. She was, self-avowedly, everything he held abhorrent—alien, worldly, and weak. He stammered something—was he asking God to help her, or himself?—and left her.

   Later as he and Mr. Jonas drove back to Aden the eyes of Mr. Jonas snapped. “You’re brewing mischief to your own or somebody else’s peace of mind, you always are when you look like that. Out with it, man.”

   Why Mr. Henderson should out with it, he himself knew less than any, but Mr. Jonas had a way.

   The minister’s words came forth with effort.

   “I’ve been seeking light to know why Mrs. Garnier was sent down here. I’ve never cared for a woman before ; I can’t seem to tear it out. But to-day it’s made clear: she was sent to me to be saved.”

   “From her faith?” inquired Mr. Jonas. But the minister was impervious to the sarcasm.

   "To the faith,” said Mr. Henderson.

   The others gone, Alexina, King William, and the Captain sat on the porch. The girl, who was on the step, reached up and put a hand on the locket swinging from the Captain’s fob. “May I ?” she asked, “I used to, often, you know.”

   The Captain slipped the watch out and handed it to her, the rest depending, and she opened the locket, a large, thin, plain gold affair. “This,” she said, bending over it, then looking up at the Captain archly, “is Julie Piquet, your mother, wife of Aristide Leroy, refugee and Girondist ”

   She recited it like a child proud of knowing its lesson, then regarded him out of the corners of her eyes, laughing.

   There answered the faintest flicker of a smile somewhere in the old Roman face.

   The girl returned to the study of the dark beauty on the ivory again, its curly tresses fillet bound, its snowy breasts the more revealed than hidden by the short-waisted, diaphanous drapery.

   “And because it had been your father’s locket, with you and your mother in it, Mrs. Leroy wouldn’t let you change it to put her in, and so this on the other side is you, young George Gautier Hippolyte Leroy ”

   "Written G. Leroy in general,” interpolated the gentleman’s son.

   “And this is how you looked at twenty, dark and rosy-cheeked, with a handsome aquiline nose. You never were democratic, for all your grand pose at being ; do you believe he was?” This to King. “Look at him here ; if ever there was an inborn, in-bred aristocratic son of a revolutionist ”

   “He barricaded the streets of Paris with his fellow-students in his turn, don’t forget,” said King.

   “Where his papa had sent him for a more cosmopolitan knowledge of life than Louisville could afford,” supplemented Alexina gaily.

   “And where he wrote verses to a little dressmaker across the hall,” said William.

   “Verses?” said Alexina. “Did he write verses ? I never heard about the verses."

   “No?” said the son; “hasn’t he ever written verses to you? Well, since I’ve opened the way to it, I was leading up to it all the while, why I have. I’ll show ’em to
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you. I’ve had ’em in my pocket waiting the opportunity three days now.” Which was true. He had been going for them that first day.

   He produced a small card photograph, somewhat faded which taken in Alexina's hand, showed her a little girl’s serious face with short cropped hair.

   “She had a nice little straight nose, anyhow,” said Alexina approvingly, studying the card.

   “Turn it over,” said Willy Leroy. He had a way of commanding people. Some day Alexina intended warring with him about it, but she turned it over now. The lines inscribed on its reverse were in a round and labored script that, despite effort, staggered down hill.

   “I wrote ’em,” said Willy Leroy, “moi, myself, with gulped-down tears at leaving you. I’ve never written any since.”

   She was reading them.

   “Out loud,” he commanded.

   She read them aloud. She was laughing, but she was blushing absurdly too.

    “ This is Alexina and she Is a girl but she Plays like I tell her and she Cried because we had to come away And this is Alexina."

   “ He thinks, your son does,” said Alexina, addressing herself to the Captain, “ that he was a precocious person, whereas he was only ”

   “Young,” said the Captain.

   “ Lamentably egotistical,” said Alexina.

   “Give it to me,” said Willy, “my picture and my feelings thereon ”

   “No,” said the girl ; “ I want it.”

   “Yes.” He said it with the King William air. She made a little mouth, but gave him the card, which he put back in his wallet and the wallet in an inner pocket. “You’re welcome to a copy of the lines,” he said.

   Alexina, bestowing on him a glance of lofty disdain, departed high-headed into the house.

   But he ran after her and stooped that he might look into her face—was he laughing at her ?

   “Oh,” she said, and wheeled upon him, but she had to laugh too, such was the high glee behind this sweet gravity on his countenance. Glee there was yet something else

too in the dark eyes laughing at her, something unconsciously warm and caressing.

   The girl ran quickly up-stairs.

   And William Leroy, brought to himself, stood where she left him. The hand on the newel post suddenly closed hard upon it then he straightened and walked into the parlor and, sitting down, stared at the embers of the wood fire, as one bewildered. Then his head lifted as with one who understands. On his face was a strange look and a light.

         CHAPTER VI

Alexina went up to her mother and Mrs. Leroy. Molly was lolling in a big chair in the sunshine, idly swinging the tassel of her wrapper to and fro. The shadows about her eyes were others than those lent by the sweep of her child-like lashes and she looked Wan but she looked at peace too. In her present state the flow of Mrs. Leroy’s personal chat was entertainment. Now, there was always one central theme to Charlotte’s talk, whatever the variations.

   “He hasn’t a bit of false pride, Willy hasn’t,” she was stating. “After his father lost his position, those two years before the trees began paying, there’s nothing Willy wouldn’t turn his hand to. He carried a chain for the surveyors and went as guide for parties hunting and fishing in the glades.”

   Molly’s attention sometimes wandered from these maternal confidences.

   “You were Charlotte Ransome before you were married, weren’t you?” she asked irrelevantly. “You used to come to New Orleans winters, didn’t you? You were at a party at my Uncle Randolph’s once when I was a girl, and you were spoken of as a great beauty, I remember. There was a pompom head-dress too, one winter, called the Charlotte Ransome.”

   The Charlotte listening, only the vivacity of smile and eyes left of her beauty, the Charlotte living the obscure life of a little raw Southern town, let her needle fall, the needle she handled with the awkwardness of a craft acquired late. She was darning an old table-cloth, come down from her mother’s day, that day when triumphs and adulation made up life, and when cost or reckoning was a thing she troubled not herself about. She was that Charlotte Ransome again, called up by Mrs. Garnier, Charlotte
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 Ransome, the beauty, the fashion, and the belle.

   “Oh,” she said, “the joy of youth, the joy! Old Madame d’Arblay, the Louisville milliner, devised that pompom head-dress out of her own cleverness, and I remember my old Aunt Polly Ann Love tried to talk her down on the price. How it comes back, the intoxication of it, and the living. Drink deep, little Mab, it never offers twice. I seemed to have divined it never would be again.”

   The girl looked from one woman to the other. Molly still pursued this thing called adulation, and Mrs. Leroy, big-hearted, simple-souled as she was, looked yearningly back on that which was gone.

   Was this all then ? Was life forever after empty, except as with Mrs. Leroy, of duties that occupied but did not satisfy ? And what of women who are neither beauties nor belles ? What has life to offer them ?

   A vast depression came over the girl. And was this all ? Both women bore witness that it was.

   “ I heard tell in those days,” Molly was saying to Mrs. Leroy, “of a dozen men in the South you might have married. How did you come” — curiously — “in the end to marry Captain Leroy, so much older, and so quiet, and—er------”

   Charlotte was too simple to resent the question, which to her meant only affectionate interest and besides, she was an egotist, and livened under talk of herself. She had no concealment; indeed, had she been cognizant of any skeleton in the family closet, it must speedily have lost its gruesomeness to her, so constantly would she have it out, annotating its anatomy to any who showed interest.

   “Because he came to us in our troubles,” said Charlotte, “to mother and me when father died. He was shot, my father, you know, in a political quarrel on the street in Lexington, the year before the war. And Captain Georges came to us. We’d always known him ; his father and my Uncle Spotts-wood Love operated the first brandy distillery in Kentucky. Captain Georges had brought me pretty things from New Orleans and Paris all my life. I meant never to marry, then; I’d been unhappy. But it turned out we were poor, and so, when Georges said for me to marry him so he could care for mother and me, why ”

   “Oh,” breathed Alexina. It was denunciation. Certain scenes of childhood had

 burned into her memory, which she had interpreted later. Molly had not loved daddy, either.

   “No one was ever so good, so nobly, generously good to a woman as Georges has been to me,” Mrs. Leroy was saying; “and even in our poverty he and Willy have managed, and kept it somehow from me, and long, oh, long ago, I came to love him dearly.”

   The young arraigner, hearing, gazed unconvinced. She pushed the weight of her hair back off her forehead, as she always did when impatient. “Came to love him dearly.” With that mere affection which grows from association and dependence, and habit.

   The girl sitting on the window-sill in the sunshine, drew a long breath. There was more in life than these two had found, and, all unknowingly, they had proved it.

                                    CHAPTER VII

Charlotte kept them with her the week, then Molly turned restless.

   “ 1 can’t stand hearing another thing about Willy, Malise,” she declared. “I think he’s a very dictatorial and outspoken person myself.”

   So Molly and Alexina and Celeste went back to the hotel, which had filled during the week of their absence. There was life and bustle in the halls as they went in and, from their windows up-stairs, they could see the lake gay with sailboats.

   The talk down-stairs concerned dances, picnics, fishing parties. The somnolent Molly awoke, languor fell from her, and she stepped at once to the center of everything gay, the embodied spirit of festivity. Mr. Henderson, incongruous element, was there too, with deliberate election it would seem, for Molly’s eyes did no inviting or encouraging. She did not need him in capacity of attendant or diverter these days, and it was clear that in any other capacity he embarrassed her. But he was not deterred because of that.

   “You are coming to church, remember,” he told her on Sunday morning.

   Molly did not even play at archness with him now ; she looked timid. And at the hour she went, and Alexina with her. They had heard him officiate before, and it seemed the mere performance of the law ; but into the dogmatic assertions of his discourse to-day glowed that fire which is called
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inspiration. The Reverend Henderson was living these days.

   Molly, slim and elegant in her finery, moved once or twice in the pew. Alexina could not quite tell if she was listening. But she was.

   “ Dear me,” she said, from under the shadow of her lace parasol, as they walked home, “ how wearing it must be to be so—er —intense.” She spoke lightly, but she shivered a little. The Reverend Henderson had laid stress upon his text, “In the midst of life we are in death !”

   As they went up the hotel steps Molly turned and looked around her and Alexina turned too, since it was Molly’s mood. The sky was blue, the air breathed life and glow and sparkle. There was a taste almost of sea about it. On the prim young orange trees about the new houses across the street the fruit hung golden.

   “ He used to reach them for me—Father Bonot did,” said Molly, slowly, “before 1 was tall enough. They’re sweeter—Louisiana oranges are. 1 used to run and hide behind his skirts, too, when 1 was afraid my mother was going to whip me.”

   They went in. Half way up the stairs Molly paused. “You Blairs, you’re all like him—not like Father Bonot.”

   “Like who?” asked Alexina.

   “Like Mr. Henderson. You Blairs and Mr. Henderson would have pulled aside your skirts so my mother could have caught me and whipped me.”

   Something like apprehension sprang into Alexina’s eyes. “Oh,” she said anxiously, “no; surely I’m not like that, and Aunt Harriet’s not !”

   “Yes, you are,” said Molly stubbornly, “you all of you are. It’s because”—a sort of childish rage seized her—“it’s because you’re all of you so—so damnably sure of your duty.” And her foot stamped the landing in her little fury.

   It was funny, so funny that Alexina laughed. And perhaps it was true. She could have hugged Molly ; she never came so near to being fond of Molly before.

   December arrived, Christmas came and went. Life was almost pastoral—no, hardly that, it was more un fete champetre. Each day after breakfast the hotel emptied itself into the sunshine and merriment, emptied itself, that is, of all but the invalids. Molly shunned those. She never even looked the way of one if she could help it.

   There was a lake party one night. 1 hey took boat at the hotel pier in various small craft and followed the chain of lakes to an island midway of the farthest. The moon was up as they started.

   The party was of the gayest, and one might have said that Mr. Henderson was out of his element. Certainly his face was hardly suggestive of hilarity. But he followed Mrs. Garnier into one of the larger boats and took his place with a sort of doggedness. Even in the moonlight the sharpening angle of his cheek-bone was visible and the deepening of the sockets in which his eyes were set, eyes that followed Mrs. Garnier insistently.

   Molly being of the party, it followed that Alexina was too, but that William Leroy was of it seemed to quicken something in his own sense of humor. His manner with the gay world was perhaps a little stony. He avowed, when thus accused by Alexina and Mr. Jonas, that it was to cover bashfulness.

   “ 1 hate people,” he declared.

   Yet, for a bashful youth, he was singularly deliberate and masterful, seeming to know what he wanted and how to get it. Tonight it was that Alexina go with him in a small boat. The others started first, a youth in a striped flannel coat, strumming a guitar.

   King put out last. He rowed slowly and often the boat drifted. When they entered the lock connecting the first lake with the next, the other boats had all passed through. The moon scarcely penetrated the dense foliage on the banks above them, and the ripple of the water against the boat seemed only to emphasize the silence—the aloofness. There must have been an early blossom of jasmine about, so sweet was the gloom.

   When they passed out into the vaulted space and open water of the next lake, the other boats were far ahead. The tinkling cadence of the guitar floated back to them.

   He rowed lazily on. Presently he spoke. “ I wonder if you remember how we used to talk, way back yonder, about the land of Colchis ?”

   “Yes,” said Alexina ;“ I remember.”

   “I believe we are there at last. We closed the contract for our oranges to-day. It’s pretty fair gold, the fruit in Colchis. We pick for delivery on Monday.”

   He never had talked to her of personal affairs before; it was Mrs. Leroy who had told her what she knew.
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   “There are several possible purchasers looking at the place, we are going to sell, for dwellers in Colchis, you know, are only sojourners ; they long for home.”

   “The Jasons, too?”

   “This Jason worse than all. He wants four seasons to his year, and to hear his horse’s feet on pike, and to put his seed into loam.”

   They slipped through the next lock and out upon the long length of Cherokee, the lake of the island which was their destination. It seemed to bring self-consciousness upon the speaker.

   “You are so the same as you used to be,” he said ; “ 1 forget. How do I know you want to hear all this ?”

   “You do know,” said Alexina honestly.

   He did not answer. They were coming up to the other boats now, beached at the island. Lights were flickering up and down the sand and the rosy glare of a beach fire shone out from under the darkness of the trees. Figures were moving between it and them and they could hear voices and laughter.

   “You do know,” repeated the girl.

   They had grounded. He was shipping the oars. Then he got up and held out a hand to steady her. She, standing, put hers into it. They did not look at each other.

   “Yes,” he said, “I do know. You’re too honest to pretend.”

   He helped her along and out upon the sand. There was a negro boy awaiting to take charge of the boat. They went up the slight declivity. He had not loosed her hand, she had not withdrawn it. The laughter, the chat, the aroma of boiling coffee, the rattle of dishes being unpacked reached them. They stood for a moment in the shadow, then her hand left his and they went to join the others.

   The dozen men and women were grouped about the pine-knot fire, for the warmth was grateful.

   There was badinage and sally, light, foolish stuff, perhaps, but flung like shining nebulas along the way by youth in its whirl of mere being. It is good to know how to be frivolous sometimes. Alexina felt the exhilaration of sudden gaiety, daring. She sat down by the youth with the guitar and the striped flannel coat.

   ‘“And both were young, and one was beautiful,’ ” warbled the owner to his guitar.

making room for her. “Right here. Miss Blair, by me.”

   More than one presently stole a look at the tall, rather handsome Miss Blair, hitherto conceded reserved and different from her mother. She was laughing contagiously with the youth, and in the end she gained the guitar over which they were wrangling. She knew a thing or two about a guitar herself, it seemed—Charlotte Leroy could have explained how—as many chords as the owner anyhow. But the young Leroy, it would appear, was sulky, certainly unsociable, sitting there, removed to the outskirts of things, to smoke and stare at the moon. Yet never once did the girl look his way. It was enough that they were to return together.

   Nor was she paying attention to Molly either. There are times when the mad leap and rush of one’s own blood absorbs all consciousness.

   Molly was gay too, feverishly gay. Some one had brewed a hot something for the delectation and comforting of the chilly ones, and Molly’s thin, little hand was holding out her picnic cup as often as any one would fill it. It was Mr. Jonas who presently took the cup away and tried to wipe a stain off the pretty dress with his handkerchief.

   It was late when the start homeward was made. King came over to Alexina.

   “ I have to ask you to change to the large boat going back,” he said, a little stiffly perhaps ; “Mr! Jonas is taking Mrs. Garnier in the small one, and Mr. Henderson says he will see to you.”

   When she answered her voice was slightly nonchalant.

   “Why not ?” she said, absorbed in putting on her jacket.

   She took her place in the boat by Mr. Henderson. Evidently the evening had gone wrong with him for his face was ghastly in the moonlight, and his long, nervous fingers never stopped fingering the little gold cross hanging below the line of his vest.

   William Leroy did not return with the party at all. Not that she was concerned with that, Alexina assured herself proudly ; it was only that she could not help hearing the others wondering at his entering a boat with the negro boy and rowing swiftly away up the lake. It was clear to her. Lake Nancy would have been the next lake on the chain had the channel been cut and he meant to tramp across home, to save himself the
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trouble of going back to town. She didn’t think he had very good manners, at any rate. Yet, when the boats came in at the hotel pier, it was William Leroy who met them. He waited for Alexina and walked with her a little ahead of the others up through the yard. “Mrs. Garnier is not well,” he told her. “I went home and drove in and Mr. Jonas is putting her in the wagon now. We'll take her out to mother ; she’s all upset over something.”

   She stopped short, having forgotten her mother. “ I can’t let you,” she declared, “it isn’t right to Mrs. Leroy.”

   “ Mother’s waiting,” he said. “You’d better go in and say something to somebody and get Celeste.”

   Mrs. Leroy said that people always obeyed the King William tone. Alexina stood hesitating. He waited.

   Then she went.

   He was in the wagonette when she and Celeste came out. The place was still and deserted, even Mr. Jonas had gone, for which Alexina was grateful.

   Molly was on the back seat, and Celeste, gaunt and taciturn, started to mount beside her.

   She protested. “Not you, mammy; go in front. 1 want Malise—not the big Malise, you know—the little one.”

   The girl taking the wraps from the old woman, got in by her mother and began to put a shawl about her. The dew was falling heavily. Molly touched her hand. “Once Alexander said to me, ‘ Let Malise keep tight hold on you, Molly.’”

   William Leroy was flicking the mules, traveling briskly through the sandy streets, and talking to the old woman, but she was sullen and the conversation died.

   Alexina’s heart was choking her. Herfather —daddy—Molly had spoken to her of daddy.

   And all the while Molly was talking on, feverishly, incessantly. “You must keep him away, Malise, that minister, he worries me and his eyes make me uncomfortable, following me. He makes me remember things, and I don’t want to. He says it’s his duty. He said to-night, I’m not going to get well, and that he had to tel! me in order to save me from myself. Make him keep away from me, Malise; I’m afraid of him. I took it, that, to-night, to forget what he said—say it isn’t so, Malise—say it.”

   Willy leaned back over the seat, talking in steady, everyday fashion. “There’s the

moon setting ahead of us ; see it, Mrs. Garnier? Everything’s so still, you say ? Why, no ; it’s not so still. There is a cock crowing somewhere, and that must be a gopher scuttling under the palmetto. Now, look backward. See that line of light? It’s the dawn.”

                                    CHAPTER VIII

The next evening at Nancy, an hour or two after supper, King William was tapping at Mrs. Garnier’s door, which was ajar.

   “She is asleep,” warned Alexina ; from within.

   "Then come on out,” he begged; “the moon’s up.”

   “Go on,” Mrs. Leroy told her, “Willy wants you,” which to Charlotte was reason for all things.

   “It’s windy,” he called softly, “bring a wrap.”

   The girl came, bringing her reefer jacket and her Tam, and put them on in the hall. The jacket was blue, the Tam was scarlet, and both were jaunty. He regarded her in them with satisfaction.

   “Now, there,” said he, with King William approval, “ I like that.”

   They went down and out. She was tired, she said, so they sat on the bench under the wild orange. The moss, drooping from the branches, fluttered above them. The wind was fitful, lifting and dying. It was a gray night, with scattered mists lying low over the lake, while a shoal of little clouds were slipping across the face of the moon.

   “ It’s been too soft and warm,” said Willy ; “it can’t last.”

   But Alexina shivered a little for there was a chill whenever the wind rose.

   “Walk down to the pier,” he begged, “and back and then you shall go in.”

   The path led through the grove. Stopping to select an orange for her, he passed his hand almost caressingly up and down a limb of the tree.

   “And you begin to pick the oranges Monday,” said Alexina.

   "Monday.”

   “And this is Thursday.”

   They walked on. He was peeling away the yellow rind that she might have a white cup to drink from.

   “ I won’t be here to see the picking,” said Alexina. " I have to go to Kentucky for two weeks, something about business. Uncle
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 Austen wrote me in the letter you brought out to-day, that it would simplify things if I could come and Emily—Emily Carring-ford, you know—Uncle Austen's wife, wrote too, asking me to stay with them.”

   “So,” said he, “you go ”

   “Monday. I’ve been talking to your mother, and she’s willing, if Captain Leroy and you are—I came out to ask you—I am always to be asking favors of your family, it seems—if you will let me leave Molly here instead of at the hotel. Celeste can attend to everything.”

   “Why not?” asked Willy.

   “it’s—it’s a business proposition,” said Alexina. But it took a bit of courage to bring it out.

   “ Is it ?” said he.

   “Or I can’t do it, you know.”

   They had reached the lake and were sitting, like children, on the edge of the pier. The lake was ruffled, the incoming waves white-crested, and the wind was soughing a little around the boat-house behind them. He was breaking bits off a twig and flinging them out to see them drift in.

   “Great country, this,” he said, “that can’t produce a pebble for a fellow to fling.”

   He looked off now toward the shining, shadowy distance, where the moon gleamed against the mists. “You are”—then he changed the form of his question—“are you very rich ?”

   “Leave the very out, and, yes, I suppose I am rich,” said Alexina.

   “You are so—well—yourself,” he said, “sometimes I find myself forgetting it.”

   The girl swallowed, once, twice, as if from effort to speak. She was looking off too, against the far shore. “ Is it a thing to have to be remembered?” then she asked.

   “ Isn’t it ?” said King William, turning on her suddenly. There was sharp harshness in his tones. “ I wish to God it wasn’t.” She got up and he sprang up too, facing her. Suddenly she stamped her foot. The wind, rising to a gale now, was blowing her hair about her face and she was angry. It made her beautiful. She might have been a Valkyr, tall, wind-tossed.

   But the sob in her voice was human. “I’ve had Uncle Austen say such things to me in his fear I might let other people forget it, and a girl I cared for at school let it come between us, but I thought you—I had a right to think you were bigger. Your mother is, oh, yes, she is, and your father is. Not that

I despise the other, either.” She lifted her head defiantly. “It’s a grand and liberating thing, though it was shackles on me in Uncle Austen’s hands. I don’t despise it; I couldn’t; but that it should have to be

remembered ”

   “Just so,” said Willy Leroy, in his father’s phrase.

   Her head went up again and she looked at him full, straight, then turned and fled towards the house.

   He ran after her, came abreast, and after the fashion he had, stooped to see into her face. “ Don’t go away, in from me—mad,” he begged. Was he laughing ?

   “ But I am mad,” she returned promptly. “ But don’t go in, either way,” he said ; “stay, mad if you will, but stay. Oh, I’m not proud ”—he was breathing hard again— “that is—only this proud ; I shall build onto my little gold of Colchis until we stand at

least nearer equal—and then ”

   Each looked at the other, with defiance almost. She was as beautiful as Harriet Blair.

   “Then,” said the girl; “ you will be that far less my equal. Let me go.” And she jerked her sleeve from his hand and ran into the house.

                                         CHAPTER IX

The morning after dawned sunless and chill. The sky was a pale leaden, below which darker masses of clouds scurried. The wind blew strong, steady, resistless. At breakfast they all sat shivering.

   “ Have Pete start fires,” said King William to Charlotte, “andyou had better move Mrs. Garnier over to my room before night.” For there were not fireplaces in all the rooms.

   It was a dreary morning every way. The breakfast was poor and scant. Aunt Mandy defended herself. “ Ev’y thing done give out,” she declared. “Miss Charlotte been so occapied she done forgot to order things from town.”

   Convicted, Charlotte looked at Willy, then hastily she took the defensive. “Mandy ought to have reminded me,” she declared.

   “No, ma’am,” responded Mandy. “I done quit this thing uv tellin’, an’ hayin’ you say things give out too soon.”

   Willy sat stony. The Captain shivered. One realized all at once that he was an old man. “The thermometer is at forty-six degrees, King,” he remarked.
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   "Yes,” said the son, “and falling.”

   All morning it fell. At noon it registered forty degrees. The wind still swept a gale that whistled and shrieked at the corners of the house and the three women passed the morning in Charlotte’s room, shivering about the open fireplace, while Pete spent his day chopping and bringing in arm loads of fat pine wood. All the sense of dissatisfaction with Aden returned. Desolate gray sand is a hideous exchange for sward, and orange trees look like toys from a Noah’s ark.

   At dinner there was a furrow between King’s straight dark brows. “It’s thirty-eight degrees,” he told his father, “and falling. It’s clearing, too.”

   Afterwards he was talking to Pete in the hall. “No, sir,” reiterated Pete, “we’s too far below the line. Ain’t never heard of such a thing down here.”

   At four o’clock King came in to say he was going to town. “ It’s down to thirty-four,” he told his father. “ I’m going in and telegraph up the river for reports.”

   "And what then, son?” asked the Captain. “What can you do?”

   It was a hitherto unexperienced danger threatening Aden. But youth cannot sit and wait. Alexina, from the window in Charlotte’s room, saw King William fling himself on his horse at the gate and gallop off. The wind had ceased. The live-oaks on either side of the old iron gate stood motionless, their moss hanging in dreary, somber lengths. There was no sound of bird or insect. And it was cold—cold. Alexina had a jacket over her woolen dress, for Aden houses are not built for cold, which poured in at casements, beneath doors, at keyholes. Molly on the couch, drawn up to the fire, coughed, and coughed again. Alexina went to her. "I’m cold,” she complained ; "and how dreary it is.”

   It had cleared and the sky was a pale,chilly blue. The sun set in a yellow pallor. The night fell.

   King came in and warmed his hands at the parlor fire. Alexina and Charlotte had come down now. "Thirty-two,” he told his father, “ and falling.”

   Neither the Captain nor his son ate much supper, but near-sighted Charlotte, absorbed in things at hand, seemed unconscious of anything more amiss than discomfort from the cold. After supper the son disappeared.

   Molly was coughing sadly. They had moved her bed across to Willy’s sitting-room

 and a fire crackled on the stone hearth but it was to be one of the nights when she would not sleep, or but fitfully, and when Celeste and Alexina would not sleep either. At nine o’clock they persuaded her to bed.

   “ But talk, Malise, you and mammy talk,

I don't have chance to think when people keep on talking; and, mammy, rub my hands, it helps, to have some one rub them.”

   At ten she wanted a drink of water. Alexina went to the window where she had set a tumbler outside. The night was still and clear, the stars glittering. The moon would rise soon now. How large the grove showed itself from this south window, stretching away to the southwest around the curving shores of Nancy. As Alexina opened the window she shivered despite the heavy wool of her white wrapper and as she took in the glass, was it? Yes, over the surface of the water radiated a ferny, splintery film, which was ice.

   Molly, feverish and restless, drank it thirstily, and said it was good, but it roused her so that she began to talk again.

   “He said I couldn’t prevent his praying for me.” She was harping on the minister. “For my soul,” she laughed uneasily. “I told him to let my soul alone. It’s perfectly funny, Malise, that I’ve got to be prayed over when I don’t want to be.”

   The night wore on. Celeste was nodding even while her brown hands went on rubbing up and down the slim white wrist and arm.

   The wood on the andirons broke and fell apart. The room grew shadowy. “ Build it up, Malise,” begged Molly ; “ I like it light.”

   There was no more wood up-stairs. It was past twelve o’clock and the house was still. Alexina opened the door into the hall. A lamp in case of need, because of Molly, was burning on a stand. Alexina had remembered there was wood piled on the parlor hearth. Her slippers were noiseless.

   Down-stairs she paused, then tip-toed to the front door. The big thermometer and barometer in one, hung against a side of the recess and could be seen through the glass side lights. It was bright moonlight now; the shadows of the rose vine were clear cut on the porch floor. She looked at the thermometer. She looked again.

   It had come then, what never had come to Aden before. From the talk of the day she had gleaned enough to know that the fruits
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 hanging on William Leroy’s trees was but so much sodden, worthless pulp.

    She turned back toward the parlor where the firelight was flickering out the doorway, then stopped. He was in his father's chair before the hearth. His elbow was on his knee and the hand on which his chin was propped was clenched. The flame flared up. His face was haggard and harsh.

    Alexina fled back up-stairs. Molly had fallen asleep ; Celeste was nodding.

    The girl shut the door and dropped in a little heap on the bearskin before the fire. She was shivering, but in her eyes, fixed on the embers, was a yearning, brooding light, that made them beautiful. Then suddenly she hid her face in her hands, her head bowed on her knees, and began to cry.

 (To be concluded)
 
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ONE HUNDRED MASTERPIECES OF PAINTING

            BY JOHN LA FARGE

               AUTHOR OF “GREAT MASTERS”

              TRIUMPHS—PART ONE

                 AS the song and the verse re-corded success, so also has the work of the hand in the arts of the hand—the arts of architecture, sculpture, and painting—from their most vague beginning. Mostly these early testimonials are mere records ; often, however, associated with some ideals—naturally those of religion, of observance—of duty to the forces which perhaps give success. Sometimes they are testimonials to personal valour in the person of the ruler, who triumphs over his bound enemies in Assyrian sculptures or fights the Lion hand to hand.

    That good taste of the Greeks, which we can never too much admire—so much is it a record of intellectual sight and of moral balance—preferred to record triumphs by some devotion to the Gods who give the battle, or else by some image, which through praise of God and Heroes, apart from men themselves, might not wake that Nemesis which they knew hangs forever over each attempt at self-glorification. That perfect taste is not so far from later recognition of the religious necessity of attributing all triumph and all success to something outside of us.

    With the Roman world the testimony is more brutal, and as the ruler is a form of God, as the State and God become one, there is perhaps more harmony than we discern

  easily to-day. With the crash of Rome and the triumph of Christianity comes of course some element of the Christian spirit, but still we see the Emperor, often a half barbarian, placed on the right hand of the lowly Christ in Byzantine mosaic. He is his Viceregent, a sort of Lieutenant, and he continues the Roman tradition. Then the chivalry of the Middle Ages, the absorption of all in service to the Church, or to the Blessed Virgin, or to the Blessed Saints, or to Christ Himself the Head, wipes out the record of personal triumph. Churches are built, windows are placed, saintly stories are painted almost as atonement for success. With the necessary reaction, with the breaking up of the ties to the superiors of hierarchy, with the assertion of personal value and valour comes first, and in Italy, the record of the glory of the City. Occasionally this is, in a smaller way, a memorial of some great lord of personal promise or achievement, but it is the City which is first glorified. Any smaller attempts here and there are unimportant, and drowned in the praises and lauds of Venice as painted by her artists. No songs since Roman days have been as fine in praise of the majesty of the City’s fame. “Nil visere majus.” Their meaning was sufficient, their theme grateful enough to lift the painters with them. In whatever case, that something that painting alone can give—the cry of music excepted—
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  remains for us, to whom Venice is but a name, her glory all departed. But, nevertheless, we see and sympathize with the idea of success depicted ; as we do in music’s triumphs which are for us, and are our own. though their meaning was once for others and not for us at all. What is the exact cause of these representations and triumphs having come to be the greatest types is difficult to establish. Why, especially, when the function, the external representation of the pomp of power was so often seen by Italian eyes in Pontifical splendours, or in the ceremonial of churches ; in all processions of civic and government display; when the imagination of writers and of painters in Florence, in Milan, or elsewhere, was called to instil poetry into every detail ; when Italian records are full of them ; when fortunes were spent upon them ; when a special form of poetry consecrated that name of “Triumph” for ideals such as Chastity, Love, or Death (in verse we know they bore the name Trionfi). When painters and sculptors again translated these poems of literature into engaging shapes, why was it left to Venice the commercial alone to feel the great breath of joy and elation that animates these great wall or ceiling pictures, which takes them away from local conditions and makes them types of the pure ideal ? It may be that the other previous forms, exhausted first attempts based on the copying of external realities—and not on the realities of art, in which colour, line, and spaces are the bases and realities of fact used to excuse these means of art.

    The great painter, Paul of Verona, fits so absolutely by his temperament, his training, and his methods of painting, into the representation of scenes open to the public eye, to which also belong a certain proportion of display, a certain idea of function, that he seems to have invented the occasions for them. Other Venetians have also spread open great surfaces of architecture in which move their crowds : the needs of the time, which as we know determine the forms of talent, called for big spaces to be adorned in churches, in the meeting places of convents, of palaces private or public ; other painters have filled these needs of the day, but none as if they had always wished for such a chance and felt themselves in their proper home. A cool and temperate lighting, a wise and temperate arrangement and balance, a wise and temperate expression even in such a drama

  as that of Christ falling below the weight of the cross, have always been with Veronese. But the larger the space to fill, the more figures to be invented, the more difficult the relations of real life and arbitrary arrangement of imaginary spaces, the more at his ease seems this modest, most balanced, most gentlemanly of painters. So complete is his equipment, so thoroughly has he understood the necessities, or what one might call the duties of the paintings to be seen on big stretches of wall or ceiling—which must be seen from many places and still keep beauty of line and arrangement, and tell their story however looked at, in light, and half light, and shadow—that we pass a little too easily and call this decoration and not drama. But the essential good taste which is Veronese’s mark and his serenity of mind made him decide the proper course. I n the great spread of wall paintings, which must remain before the spectator whether he wishes to see or not, it is evident logic that peace and order and absence of disturbance or sudden appeal should be the law. Veronese is, therefore, the great decorative painter, whatever else we may think of him, and it is but right that fate should have called him to paint the great function of Venice Triumphant, in perfect union between the idea and the artist. That triumph is one of peace, of serene established success. If centuries of war, of financial and diplomatic struggle, of commercial effort, of continued industry, have been the beginning of this day of peace, there is almost nothing in the serene picture to recall it. Only such matters as belong to great festivals ; the putting of the people in order and in their places ; some troops of guards making a police enough to remind the happy ones at home that outside and far away there are men on watch, and all the security of discipline and courage. Two horsemen ride through a crowd which is there to enjoy the spectacle and take them as part of it. All but these few guards look up to where above, over many steps, upon which ride the horses, and on the last one of which, the Lion of St. Mark spreads his imaginary wings, rises a palace solid but imaginary, a painter’s dream of architecture, but the dream of a painter learned in other arts. Were it more real we could not explain why such things occurred there ; we should feel that in a building built by hands, subjected to the conventionalities and the necessities of the builder, gods would not float from
  
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 [pgbrk]                     THE GLORY OF VENICE FROM THE PAINTING BY VERONESE

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pillar to pillar, or triumphant angels sail past the cornices through the blue and white sky known only to Veronese. Hence, everything, every reality of construction, is slightly modified, with the appearance of great exactness and anxiety to conform to proper architectural rule. But the painter has only conformed to external rules and escaped the grave necessities. Perspective, the art of placing things so that they may recede or diminish with a semblance of correctness, has been most subtly used here, as was the training of the time. We are enabled, thereby, to look up with all this multitude. We should look up since it is the ceiling, but the subject itself is one better understood if we suppose that it lies above us, away from whatever plane, whatever level we ourselves are on. If the architecture be imaginary, we are reassured by the relative reality of its habitants. Were we Venetians of that day we should be pleased to see the same great ladies, in their beautiful dresses, just as we met them at a distance on great occasions. And their good nature takes in all their attendants, their children, and the crowd of the curious who always trespass. These press in and lean against the columns—a little more and they would wet their hands in the clouds that separate them as by an upper story from the immortal Gods above. Noblemen, and clergymen, Turks and infidels subject to Venice, lean also on the great balcony and gaze at the triumph above, just taking visible form. On that second story of clouds rests the fashionable mythology of the moment, not quite Greek, not quite antique, and still so clearly made of that same imagination which first gave human shape to powers and abstract ideas. Mars, dressed in somewhat antique fashion, and Ceres crowned with wheat, and Commerce with Mercury’s wand, and the other necessary chorus, sit around the sweet Goddess Venice, foreshortened high above, clad in brocade and ermine, her blond Venetian hair, obtained by nature or by artifice, dropping on her shoulders. She waits calmly, like any well-bred lady, for the crown which the occasion gives her, brought down by some divine messenger, swooping from the sky, who needs no wings to tell us how easily she moves through space, as between the architraves and the columns and the statues far above. She has left that blue and white sky of Veronese which seems to belong to Venice and crowns in this case the glories of a beautiful summer’s day. All

is fancy, all is imaginary, all is impossible except that there are the figures of the scene, and, since they are there in their proper place and perspective, the sight must be true; and we feel that in this steady light of ordinary day it must occur again, and must be the usual habit of Venice the Glorious.

   I do not know but that the less important “Venice Enthroned” of Paul Veronese be not more perfect. It is more of a rendering to us of a success which we recognize and which still lives for us. To-day the commercial, diplomatic, and warlike successes of these prudent but splendid noblemen and merchants are gone forever. It requires a historic training to recall their function in the growth of the modern world. But Venice is still enthroned actually as a City, and in the memories of literature and art, not as active, not as pushing, not as all alert from harsh necessity, but as beautiful and charming, and peaceful, and once a harbour for the exile, a garden for art, a refuge of moderation in the wars of religious intolerance. In the picture we see that Justice and Peace ascend the steps toward the throne, and that those steps are guarded by the Lion of Venice. These ideas of allegory are Venetian Dames draped somewhat differently from their contemporary human sisters, who once walked below the ceiling within which these live in glorified paint and canvas. In their day this slight difference was sufficient to remove them far enough. At this very day a little change in drapery idealizes our emblematic figures, which to-morrow will again indicate the nineteenth and twentieth century fashions from which they sprung. Some adjustment of hair, some cut of sleeves, something is sure to tell; may our women hold their own as these have done. The great globe on which sits enthroned Venice means to us no longer the power of the sea; then it established a fact and had a clear meaning of proud allegory. But its great curve which makes most of the impression of the picture to the eye, is still beautiful, still triumphant. And the Venice who sits dreaming above the subject world of the sea is a charm in herself. She rules by beauty, by divine indifference ; for, as 1 said, she is not at all the necessary allegory of a driving, cautious, and much-occupied people, but the emblem of a refined ease, so long acquired as to be hereditary. Her ermines and great brocade and sceptre held erect, and canopy
   
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 [pgbrk]                      VENICE ENTHRONED

                 FROM THE PAINTING BY VERONESE
 [pgbrk]                 THE GLORY OF VENICE

             FROM THE PAINTING BY TINTORET TO
             
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above are not necessary to her pose of easy security, but they are necessary to the picture ; the picture is in the great curved lines of dais and knee and edge of globe and in the two erect tangents of the sword in the hand of Justice and the sceptre in the hand of Venice. Even the exact parallelogram of the picture is a perfect choice for the inside lines and suggests large spaces of an outside world in which this record of peace and acquired security was seen by the painter’s mind.

   In the great ceiling picture of the Ducal Place, the “Glory of Venice” by Tintoretto, a less quiet genius has been called upon to glorify the City ; a much less quiet genius : one who was disturbed by the admirations of his time—desires for the line and the grouping of the painters of Florence and of Rome, Michael Angelo or Raphael, known by hearsay and by drawings ; and also moved by certain glories of the great Titian near to his own origin. A greater tension,, thereby, drives his themes throughout; but also he was born a dramatist, and none other of his school has told such powerful stories; no painter anywhere has surpassed him in the suddenness of his view of the stories he chose or was made to tell. And it is not a superficial artistic capacity for line and arrangement ; with this power of artistic control go emotion and that perception of the story in itself which makes the dramatist. He is, therefore, finer indeed in such of his stories as mean a great deal : stories of Scripture—the Christ before Pilate, where the silent prisoner seems to judge his judge ; or the worn-out Christ in the wilderness tempted by that most beautiful Satan ; or the Crucifixions, the two that fill the great space of the Scuola di San Rocco or hung high on the wall of San Cassiana—each one another form of triumph, more suited to his character—more suited to the telling of a great message than to the joyful clamour of success. But the “Glory of Venice ” is still a wonderful picture ; to the artist an astounding success—only the man of art perhaps may know how many powers go to such an easy sweep, to so much work, to such rapid execution, such invention of detail, to such difficulties of drawing undertaken with so little hesitation. There are here the same sources of line that we see in the “Venice Enthroned” of Veronese. The same great curve of the globe, which is the sea, emblem of Venice’s sea power, determines the lines of all the

picture. Against it, from it, to it, go the lines of movement of all the lower figures ; sea Gods, Old Neptune with his trident, his mate Amphitrite following him, Tritons carrying fish, riding on sea monsters, all the old charming, useless mythology, newer and more fashionable then than to-day, move across the picture. All are evidently bound to one function which some have already begun, typified by the sea maiden far down at the end of our picture, who has brought a sea shell’s worth of pearls as tribute offering to the Goddess Venice the Great. Slowly, others rise from the curved sea surface carrying tribute, branches of coral, and vases full of the waters of many rivers that flow into ocean from lands ruled over by Venice. The Gods above are pleased. They recline on clouds, pleased at the homage paid to their daughter, Venice, the most beautiful of the children of the sea ; and like clouds they are spread in concentric circles below the great circle above, where Venice is the centre, herself ringed about with many halos and circles of clouds. She is the same Venice that we know in Veronese’s triumphs ; beautiful, good-natured, joyful—not an imaginary being, not an allegory—a mere glorified picture of her real daughters and in their usual holiday costume. Her very brocades are those for sale in the shops, the warehouses of foreign guilds, or made in her own lands. She is a gay and a kindly mistress. The Gods, Hercules and Mercury and lyric Apollo and Old Time and others less clearly typified, sit about her. They merely lounge in their accustomed places, for she is a patroness or an employer of their forces. And they make with her the great circle at one end of the picture, which is repeated in another less evident way at the other end.

   For these representations of ideas are like musical compositions; it is not only the special figures looking like life that make this manufactured world great for artists. That more or less successful representation of fact attends those who are capable of the musical arrangement of the whole song. It is this orchestration which insures to this and certain other works of art an immortality which even a more accurate copy of nature does not have. Think of the multitude of pictures on decorated wall or ceiling and how many are more than a filling up by some subject? In how very few has the great source of art been used :—arrangement, the cadence which keeps all the notes together.
   
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                THE FRIENDLY FOG

              BY HENRY C. ROWLAND

                 AUTHOR OF ‘‘SEA SCAMPS,’’ ETC.

          ILLUSTRATED BY JAMES COGGESHALL WILSON

MISS OLGA NORTH rested her rounded elbows on the rail of the yacht club veranda and thoughtfully watched a manly figure on the boat-landing below. Something in the expression of the square shoulders persistently presented toward the club-house seemed discomposing to the lady, for presently she bit her lower lip so sharply that the tears started to her big blue eyes.

   A diminutive dinghy of dark mahogany, from which there issued a series of reports resembling a rapid-fire gun, emerged sud-

denly from under the stern of a large sloop-yacht and began to thread its way in and out of the fleet at anchor in a manner that suggested a whirligig-beetle among the lily-pads. As it approached the landing Miss North was interested to observe that it staggered beneath the burden of three passengers—two gentlemen and a sailor.

   As the blatant little boat approached the landing, Miss North assumed a strategic position behind two large pillars, whence she viewed the ensuing pantomime with keenest interest. The man on the float had thrust his hands into the pockets of his blue-serge
   
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 [pgbrk] “ ‘My packet is at present under your flag and orders! ’

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yachting blouse and, after a casual glance at the approaching dinghy, resumed his contemplation of the animated scene before him.

                                                     The little boat shot alongside the landing, and appeared to explode without injury to

itself or its occupants, who leaped nimbly out. The man on the float half turned, nodded curtly, and was about to resume his inspection of the scenery when one of the new comers walked over to where he stood.
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501

    Something in the precise actions of the two men suggested to Miss North the hostile manoeuvres of a pair of cross-grained setters, between whom there is a point of difference. Then the third man came slowly forward and there followed a brief discussion, at the end of which the third man produced a notebook, from which he appeared to read aloud. This rite was followed by a few more words, some short nods, after which all three wrote in turn in the note-book.

    Miss North turned with an impatient exclamation and walked toward the other end of the veranda, where small clusters of gaily clad people were talking and laughing in the excited manner which precedes a great event. Before she could join in the conversation there was a quick step behind her.

    " Good morning, Miss North,” said a man’s voice, which was pitched in a rather high key. Miss North turned slowly.

    “Good morning, Mr. Bentley,” she replied, in the tone of one responding to a passing greeting.

    “A ripping day for the start, isn’t it?” observed Mr. Bentley, with a- forced enthusiasm. “ Did you ever see a finer sight ?” He gently edged the girl away from the crowd of spectators and half led, half coaxed her to the far end of the veranda. “Has the Commodore come ashore?”

    “No; father is still aboard—or else they have neglected to fly the absent signal.” She answered a bit dryly, glancing at the stately schooner which was the flag-ship of the Sachem Harbor Yacht Club. “I came in to meet some guests who have not yet arrived.”

    “They had better hurry,” he replied; “the breeze is apt to spring up at any moment now. By the way,” he went on in a confidential undertone, “ I just ran into Jack Reddington ”

    “ I hope the damage was not serious,” she interrupted. “You seem to be rather unfortunate in that way. The last time ”

    He gave a short laugh which painfully lacked the ring of mirth.

    “The damage can not be appraised until we get inside the New Haven breakwater. Reddington has got a pet delusion, which he values at a thousand dollars, that the ‘Willewemoc’ can get there ahead of the 'Venus.’ ”

    “How much time allowance do you give him?” asked Miss North with interest.

    Mr. Bentley looked annoyed. “We are going to race boat for boat,” he replied.

    “ But that seems hardly fair, does it ? The

  ‘Venus’ is a much larger boat ”

    “There isn’t much difference, and what there is Reddington is willing to waive under a condition which he has imposed, that each man shall act as his own sailing-master.” “Oh !” said Miss North. “ I did not know that he was so clever.”

    Mr. Bentley flushed angrily and changed the subject. For a moment they stood gazing in silence at the highly-colored scene which is bound to attend the start of the annual cruise of a large and thriving yacht club. In the sheltered basin, on the edge of which stood the house, dainty little vessels, with wings of gossamer, hovered at their moorings, the creamy sails sparkling against a dark-green hillside beyond. Farther out rode the statelier craft at anchor, all but head-sails hoisted, awaiting the preparatory signal that was to come with the new breeze. Hulls of white and green and burnished mahogany flashed in multi-hued reflection from the placid, sunlit water, broken here and there by the impetuous rush of eager launches bearing bouquets of summer girls chorusing laughter and song.

    “It is pretty,” she said involuntarily.

    “It only needs a breeze to make it perfect,” he answered. “See, here comes a cutter from the flag-ship I”

    “It is the gig !” she answered in a slightly tremulous voice, at the same time stealing a furtive glance at the landing where the square-shouldered figure was still on silent duty. “Papa detests power in small boats. His gig is a seven-oared whale-boat and he trains the crew himself. See how beautifully they pull.”

    “They seem to like it,” he answered admiringly. “Just see her jump when they catch the water.”

    In the stern of the boat sat a strongly-built, middle-aged man, with a tanned face and iron-gray hair and mustache. He glanced upward and touched the visor of his cap in answer to Bentley’s salute.

    “ Oars ! ” came the crisp order, followed by: “ Hold water, starboard—give way, port— give way together—in bow—way enough !

    The boat shot up to the landing, the bowman deftly unshipping the Commodore’s flag as the officer stepped out. Again Miss North became an absorbed spectator of the ensuing pantomime.
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THE FRIENDLY FOG

   The young man standing upon the float saluted the Commodore, who replied stiffly. There was a short dialogue, at the end of which Miss North was able to catch an emphatic “ No sir! ” from her father, as he turned on his heel and approached the club-house.

   “Olga,” he said as he drew near, “I wish that you would go out aboard and look things over in the saloon. That new steward is as green as verdigris. Send the gig right back ; those people ought to be here at any moment.” He turned to Bentley, whom he addressed with an air of hearty good-fellowship.

   Olga left them and walked down to the float where the gig was hanging on. A launch from a steam-yacht had just run up to the landing and a noisy party was disembarking. Olga waited for them to pass up the gangway and then descended to the float, where the young man was still standing, in gloomy contemplation of the tide that was swirling past.

   “Hello, Olga,” he remarked casually, at the same time stretching out a strong arm to assist her down the steep ascent.

   “What did father say to you, Jack?” she asked abruptly, throwing a guilty glance over her shoulder toward the club-house.

   “I am ashamed to tell you,” he replied, with a mournful smile.

   “Then I expect it was the same that he told me,” replied the girl sadly.

   “The sins of the father shall be visited upon the children,” observed Mr. Redding-ton. “You see he has never forgiven me for allowing my dad to defeat him for the legislature.”

   “Yes,” she assented; “next to being elected, I suppose the worst disgrace is to be defeated. What is the penalty, Jack ?”

   “ He forbade my speaking to you,” observed the young man calmly.

   “Then why do you disobey him?” she asked sharply.

   “Partly for the same reason that you do, I suppose ; partly because 1 am not impressed with the due respect of his authority. You are of age and I am of age and he is certainly old enough to know better. Besides, you see he has handed me his ultimatum and our diplomatic relations are over. It is now war, and all is fair in ”

   “Why did you make that foolish bet with Mr. Bentley ?” she interrupted sharply. “You know that you can’t afford to lose a thousand dollars, Jack.”

   “That’s the reason,” he replied with a knowing grin. “ I don’t intend to lose it. There are no conditions to the race except that each man shall handle his own boat without counsel from his professionals. I'd go up against him with a Haverstraw brick-lighter under that requirement alone.”

   “Is there to be a time-limit?” she asked anxiously. “ Because it does not look as if we'd get much breeze to-day, and the ‘Venus’ can outdrift anything in the fleet.” “The ‘Willewemoc’ ’s a good drifter if you put her in a tideway,” he replied with great cheer. “He knows his almanac but I know the currents in this old basin. Just watch me shoot her up through the breakwater stern on.”

   “I wish you success, Jack,” she answered slowly as he assisted her into the gig ; “but I think you are very foolish.”

   “ Don’t worry, dear,” he answered reassuringly ; “there are still other factors to consider. There’s a fair-sized fleet going down, and you know Bentley has the fouling habit, and once a man gets that it’s all up. If there was only himself and a bucket adrift on the Atlantic, he’d hit that bucket before he hit the beach.” He stepped back and lifted his cap with a smile.

   The Sachem Harbor squadron was lying becalmed in a dense fog about ten miles from the starting point. The “Venus” and the “Willewemoc” had crossed the line together in a thin southeast breeze, the latter vessel holding the windward berth. When the breeze dropped the “Venus” was about a quarter of a mile in the lead, with the flagship right abeam and to leeward ; then the fog had softly enveloped the fleet, and the life and animation of the scene had dwindled into the drip of cordage, the muffled clang and toot of bell and fog-horn from every quarter, with the raucous intermittent blare from the Mate’s Island automatic fog-whistle.

   Aboard the flag-ship the Commodore was fuming at the delay. Not to lose her position the schooner had anchored and was riding in silence, broken only by the dismal bellow of her horn. At the end of an hour, as the weather conditions showed no change, the Commodore could stand the inertia no longer.

   “ Bentley’s right off here,” he observed ; “let’s go over and make him a call. Quartermaster, get me the megaphone.”

   The quartermaster brought the bulky
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implement, through which the Commodore bellowed lustily.

  “‘Venus’ ahoy!—A-hoy-y-y!”

  There was a moment’s pause, then a thin answering hail came up from the still water.

  "There he is,” observed the Commodore triumphantly. “Mr. Davies, call away the

gig !”

  The boat was smartly lowered and manned, and a minute later a gay party was speeding into the fog. When they had proceeded for what seemed to the Commodore to be about the proper distance, he arose and hailed again. An answering shout on the starboard bow told him that his reckoning was correct, and a moment later the boat was laid alongside the big sloop.

  “ Hello, Bentley,” called the Commodore cheerfully ; “we’ve come to make you a call.” “Delighted, I’m sure,” replied Mr. Bentley, looking over the side with an expression that gave the lie to his words. “Will you— eh—come aboard?”

  “That’s what we’re here for,” replied the Commodore in a hearty voice.

  The party went up over the side and, as the decks were damp and disagreeable, their host led them below, where, at the Commodore’s comment on the chill of the cabin, the steward was ordered to serve refreshments. They had been there about half an hour when Olga, happening to glance through the port, observed that the water was slipping past.

  “Why, Mr. Bentley!” she cried, then suddenly checked herself.

  “What is it, Miss North?” he inquired in his smoothly disagreeable voice.

  “ Oh—er—nothing. I—er—would you be so kind as to show me those photographs in that iocker?”

  Mr. Bentley graciously complied and about twenty minutes were spent in looking at the pictures. As he went to replace them he happened to glance through the port and discovered to his horror that the vessel was moving through the water.

  " My G—goodness!” he exclaimed. “We’re going ahead !”

  " What ? ” cried the Commodore. “ Going ahead ! Nonsense ; it’s the tide running in. Why, we’re at anchor !”

  “ But you see,” began the miserable Mr. Bentley, “ I did not anchor because according to my almanac——”

  “Oh, hang your almanac !” thundered the outraged Commodore. “Do you mean to

   say that we’ve been sailing along through this muck? Why, how the dickens are we to find the schooner ?”

   He rushed on deck, followed by his dismayed party. The “Venus” was slipping along at a good four knots. Mr. Bentley turned angrily to his stolid sailing-master.

   “Why didn’t you tell me that we were drawing ahead, Andersen?” he demanded. The man touched his cap.

   “ Had your orders not to make any suggestions, sir.”

   “You’ll have to heave to here until it clears, Bentley,” said the Commodore. "We may be a mile or two past the schooner for all I know, and it won’t do to risk getting mixed up in the fog so late in the day.” “Can’t you all stay aboard until we reach New Haven ?” almost wailed Mr. Bentley.

   “Not possibly. Why, my people won’t weigh anchor until I give the order ! Besides we may be out all night and you haven’t got the accommodations.”

   “ But you see,” began the wretched Bentley, “ I’ve got a thousand dollars up on

this day’s run with Reddington and ”

   The Commodore’s face grew very red. “I’m sorry,” he began stiffly, “but you should have told us so and we would not have come aboard.”

   “Suppose I put about and sail back,” suggested Bentley desperately. “Maybe we can raise the schooner. She can’t be far !”

   “Well, suppose you try then,” answered the Commodore snappishly.

   Mr. Bentley gave the necessary orders and a moment later the “Venus” was gliding back, upon her wake. For several minutes nothing was said, then Mr. Bentley took the megaphone.

   “‘Aurora’ ahoy!” he screamed.

   “Oh, peep! They couldn’t hear that across the street. Let me try,” growled the Commodore in disgust. He took the megaphone and a sonorous roar ripped its way through the fog.

   All about them the sodden mist hung motionless on the drab-gray water. The faint draught that sent them ahead was all aloft, the topsail being the only bit of canvas that was doing work. From the diaphanous obscurity about them came the incessant, though muffled, clamor of bell and horn, while now and again they felt the shock of the paddles of some great Sound steamer and felt the long undulation of
 [pgbrk]   504

THE FRIEND LY'FOG



  her swell as she shrieked her way through the fog.

    A thicker opacity loomed ahead and, at a quick word of warning from the lookout, Bentley put his helm over just in time to avert a collision. A big yawl reared suddenly out of the mist.

    “Aboard the yawl!” hailed the Commodore. “Have you seen the flag-ship ?” “Saw her at anchor just before the fog came in,” replied a man’s voice. “She must be to the westward.”

    “Listen !” cried Olga suddenly. “There’s a horn that sounds like ours.”

    “I believe you’re right!” cried the Commodore as the dismal note welled louder up from the sea. “ It’s to the westward, too— although I must say it seems to me that we’ve sailed back too far as it is.”

    Mr. Bentley thought so too, but was diplomatic enough not to mention it.

    “ I think that we can count on that being the flag-ship, Commodore,” he remarked with an air of heartiness. “ Rather a good reckoning—eh?” He glanced hopefully at Olga, but the girl did not see fit to endorse his kind congratulations of himself.

    “ I don’t know of any one else in the fleet that’s got as husky a whoop as that,” observed the Commodore as a louder blast smote upon their ears. “ Look out—here’s a little chap close aboard. Aboard the knock-about! Why don’t you blow your horn and have you seen the flagship ?”

    “Just passed her at anchor!” piped a boy’s voice. “Almost cut her down ! Our horn got laryngitis and lost its voice !”

    There was a laugh of relief from the party on the “Venus.”

    “Suppose I drop you here?” suggested Mr. Bentley, with an eagerness that was but poorly concealed.

    The Commodore was about to suggest that they first make certain that the horn they had remarked was really aboard the flagship, but reflecting that even if it were not, another boat would answer as well as the one they were on, and that a man can hardly be blamed for not caring to pay over a thousand dollars, and that to his rival and a man with whom he the Commodore had quarreled violently but three days before, he agreed rather shortly to Mr. Bentley’s suggestion. The party was quickly loaded into the cutter and with a few hollow farewells they shoved clear.

    “Hospitable boat,” observed one of the

  male guests satirically, “it would be too bad if Bentley was to lose that thousand. He’s only got about fourteen millions— what ?”

    Not caring for this commentary on the disposition of the man toward whom he was seeking to gently coerce the affections of his daughter, the Commodore replied somewhat stiffly.

    “It isn’t the money he minds, but it’s being crowed over by that impudent young ass Reddington. It was lucky we didn’t get aboard his boat. He’d have cut us loose the minute the breeze freshened—what’s become of that horn anyway ?”

    A strident wail close aboard arose in answer.

    “That’s the ‘Aurora,’” said the Commodore. “ I know her voice. Not a bad piece of navigation on Bentley’s part after all. I hope that he hasn’t lost too much time to give the slip to that young pup Reddington ”

    “ I beg your pardon !” said a placid voice from the fog, so close aboard that they all started. “Did I hear you call my name?” There was a second of startled silence, then Olga gave a short hysterical laugh.

    “Why, it’s the ‘Willewemoc!’ That’s J—er—Mr. Reddington’s voice.”

    The Commodore was saying strange deep-sea words beneath his breath. Had one gathered the fragments that escaped it might have appeared that both Mr. Bentley and Mr. Reddington were equally consigned to waters where their respective vessels would have required a sheathing of asbestos.

    “ Boat there ! ” called a deep voice. “What boat is that ?”

    “This is the flag-cutter from the ‘Aurora,’” replied the Commodore, with dignity. “We are looking for the schooner !”

    There came from the fog a long whistle of amazement.

    “The flag-ship's about a mile to the northeastward by my reckoning. Better come aboard. Stand by to take a line !”

    A vast cloud of canvas reared silently over their heads, and a long, gray shape shot suddenly into view. They heard a quick order; then a heaving-line came whirling through the air and fell across the boat. A moment later they were hauled alongside.

    “Come aboard!” called Mr. Reddington hospitably. He stepped to the waist, dropped the little accommodation-ladder, and a
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minute later a crestfallen party were assembled upon the damp decks of the “Wille-wemoc.”

   “Starboard!” ordered Mr. Reddington shaiply. “Starboard—steady! Keep her there. That ought to fetch her !” he added cheerfully to his guests. “If it doesn’t, we’ll box-haul around until we pick her up, and if that doesn’t work, we’ll anchor and wait for it to clear !”

   “ But I understand,” began the Commodore coldly, “that you have a thousand dollars with Bentley on ”

   “Oh, hang Bentley !” replied Mr. Reddington with spirit. “ He’ll get lost in this fog—just as apt to wind up in New York or Saybrook as anywhere else. Besides, what’s a fool race with Bentley to your convenience, sir, and that of your daughter and guests. My packet is at present under your flag and orders !” He pointed to the small piece of bunting which even as he spoke was being run aloft.

   The Commodore cast his eyes to the truck, and as the little flag with its circle and stars was broken out by a twitch on the halliard, he turned to Mr. Reddington with a peculiar expression in his keen gray eyes. Commodore North was a retired naval officer, and the smartly executed bit of etiquette touched him in a tender spot.

   “ I must say, Reddington,” he began, “if every owner in this fleet had your

spirit ”

   “Not another word, sir!” said Mr. Reddington heartily. “As it happens, I and my vessel are honored, but it would have been the same on any vessel in the squadron, 1 am sure \ ”

   “You’d lose another bet then,” observed one of the guests under his breath to Olga.

   “ By George ! " said Mr. Reddington ; “ I believe it’s going to clear !”

   An anaemic ray of sunlight struggled downward through the dissipating mist above them. Sounds around about became gradually clearer, and suddenly they caught a glimpse of a small sloop drifting a quarter of a mile astern.

   “Here comes the breeze !” said the Commodore as a damp breath fanned his cheek. “There’s a patch of blue sky. Look! Look!

There’s the ‘Aurora’ dead ahead of us ”

   “Why, what has happened to her?” cried Olga. “Doesn’t she look odd?”

   A fresh slant from the west whipped up the ragged edges of the fog and whirled

them upwards to melt in the sparkling azure over their heads. All about them lay the fleet, and right ahead the stately “Aurora,” not half a mile distant, lay gleaming in the new-born sunshine. As they looked more closely, however, they could see that something was amiss. Beside her a long white hull seemed striving to usurp her berth and a tall tower of canvas of a darker hue was flapping wildly against the taut rigging of the schooner.

   “Some one’s fouled her !” cried Mr. Reddington excitedly. He snatched up a binocular and took a short survey.

   “By George !” he exclaimed, handing the glass to the Commodore. “ Bentley’s run into her!”

   “ Brother Bentley builded better than he knew!” softly whispered' the irrepressible guest. “He was trying hard to find her a few minutes ago—and he’s done it—to the Queen’s taste if not to the Commodore’s,” he added slyly to Olga.

   “Well, I’ll be—’’began the Commodore, his face scarlet.

   “Don’t father,” said Olga. “Save it for Mr. Bentley—he needs it !”

   The Commodore drew Mr. Reddington slightly aside.

   “ Reddington,” he said, “ I’ve been unjust to you, but I’m beginning to see my mistake. “That”—he pointed toward the ill-starred "Venus”—“is the chump 1 wanted my daughter to marry !”

   Reddington flushed. “Really, Commodore,” he began, “I’m more happy than I can say if you’re willing to forgive me for being obstinate the other day, but as far as Bentley is concerned—well, you know how it is in a fog like this ”

   The Commodore raised a warning hand. “There, that’ll do, my boy. You’re not possessed of all the facts. You can tell Olga whenever you like that we’ve squared things, and as for the rest—well, it’s cheap at the price of a smashed rail and a bit of standing-rigging!”

   They bore swiftly down upon the unfortunates, and as they drew nearer there was borne to their ears against the freshening breeze a sound of ripping oaths, sail and cordage. A moment later the breeze caught the flapping mainsail of the “Venus,” swinging her to leeward ; her bowsprit ground along the schooner’s rail, the topmast forestay fouling the forerigging of the “Aurora,” and, with a rending crash, the “Venus’s”
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  topmast was carried away a foot above the masthead.

    “Drop me here, Reddington,” ordered the Commodore, eager to go aboard his vessel.

    “Away gig!” called Mr. Reddington. “I’ll send the rest of your party in your boat, Commodore.”

    As the Commodore departed Mr. Reddington turned to Olga.

    “Come below a minute, dear—I have something to tell you.”

    Apparently it was good news for, when the two emerged but a minute later, Olga’s cheeks wore a flush that was not due to the salt kiss of the sea.

    Having started his guests for their vessel, Mr. Reddington stepped into his diminutive dinghy and, putting the “Willewemoc” in the charge of his sailing-master, was pulled smartly over to where the “Venus,” now cleared of the “Aurora,” was drifting idly.

               I

    “Hard luck, Bentley,” he called with real sympathy. “What can I do for you ?

    Mr. Bentley turned a rueful face in his direction.

    “Nothing, thanks. I’m going back after another spar—and I say, Reddington, that

  thousand’s yours whenever you want ”

    “Bentley!” cried Mr. Reddington, “if you ever mention that thousand to me again I'll go aboard your old packet and scuttle her, d’ye hear ?”

    Although he had purposely lowered his voice, it nevertheless carried to the deck of the flag-ship. Olga turned to her father, her pretty face aglow.

    “ Did you hear that, dad ? ” she whispered. “ Don’t you think he’s a dear ?”

    “ I think,” replied the Commodore, as he bent his brows upon his scarred and battered rail, “that the other man is dear at any price !”

ROOSEVELT AND THE POSTAL FRAUDS*

                  

                BY

WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE

 towns, small states, and in a little federal government—found no trouble in communicating, through the ballot box, their simple desires in public matters to their public officers. But as towns and states grew larger, and as the federal government widened in its scope, and as the country grew in geographical extent, the power of the people at the ballot box could not grow. A public officer, not knowing his constituents personally, could not know their individual wishes, and citizens could not make it plain to their officers, who were strangers, what kind of government the majority desired ; there would have been an awkward failure in the action of the government had not the party system come as a kind of compound lever, with its second fulcrum or ballot box, and its second lever of party opinion, to relieve the straining governmental mechanism of the fathers.
  [pgbrk] 
 
 WILLIAM ALLEN WHITE

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  The party is (or should be, properly) the monitor of executive officers under the government; it not merely conveys opinion, but it makes opinion, and when dominated by selfish influences, the party is used as an agency of the organized, greedy minority, against the unthinking, unorganized majority, thereby perverting the very spirit of democratic government, which the party system was intended to help. The degeneracy of the system is not, however, proof that, as a system, it has outlived its usefulness ; rather, this degeneracy proves that the people are not using it.

  A crooked politician who is not caught has been respected for his smartness just as a crooked business man who is not convicted in a court is too often looked up to by his fellow men. Public sentiment which would revolt at accepting the booty of Jesse James accepts “endowments” from business men whose fortunes are founded on plunder not a whit less wicked. And politicians, known to take money for the non-enforcement of laws, which non-enforcement results in the loss of human lives, and in misery to thousands of people, are permitted to move among their fellows without loss of caste. The party system has been allowed by the people to be the chief weapon of defense of the rascals against the people. For nearly thirty years in America the corruption of public officials has been growing steadily worse. Only at long intervals have moral issues stirred the people ; and commercial issues, like the tariff and the currency, being the points of difference between the two great parties, have dominated the parties, and have formed party opinion in matters of legislation ; in matters executive, men selected by parties to administer the laws too frequently take the color of the party's morals (or lack of morals) and administer the laws honestly only in the sense that a business man runs his affairs honestly—without lying to those with whom they have business relations. Such officers, holding office by grace of party, are loyal to party, and have frequently regarded the people as natural prey, and have looked upon such public money as they could pocket without being caught, as their private perquisites. For ten years public morals have become so vitiated by the prevailing code of party ethics that he who exposes the public officers in their semi-legalized looting has been viewed as an enemy of his party. Only within the

past four years has there been growing among the people any considerable sentiment favorable to the public servant who exposed a fellow servant whom he caught stealing. But with the visible growth of moral perception in matters political among the people, the lever of the party system may begin to act for the people. If this growth is permanent and not sporadic, if the people of the United States are getting a real moral intelligence about their politics, and are not merely going through a spasm of virtue, an important function in government is beginning to show itself. It is the trait of civic honesty.

   But when civic honesty is as forceful in America among the whole people as the sentiment is against unchastity, for instance, when civic honesty is backed by a sentiment for which people are willing to sacrifice their personal comfort and pay extra taxes to maintain, then, and not before, will personal honesty become the best policy for government officials. To bring about such a condition means more for America than the adjustment of tariffs or the establishment of any kind of currency. The people seem to realize this, and just now they are interested in problems of production and distribution of wealth only in a casual way. The real interest in American politics is in the moral uplift in the administration of the existing laws given to the country by President Roosevelt. The most important manifestation of this is found in the way he cleaned up the corruption he found in the post-office department. That story is one which the people have not had in as exact detail as they should have it to realize what manner of man they are dealing with in the White House.

   For nearly ten years a number of congressmen and a few citizens have known that there was crookedness in the post-office department. During McKinley's first term it was whispered among politicians all over the country that there were some profitable pickings for some one in the post-office department. When the Cuban postal scandal was probed, politicians all over the land winked and said the fellows were getting too greedy and too bold. Clocks and typewriters and cash registers and mail-box fasteners were being dumped into country post-offices too lavishly for the men who “do business in politics” not to be morally certain that there was a “rake-off in it”—as the phrase goes—for some one. Generally
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speaking, when a man has advanced far enough in the masonry of politics to be postmaster of a town of ten thousand, he knows that when a typewriter that he doesn’t need, and didn’t order, is sent to him from Washington, and a cash register that he never thought of needing is dumped on him, and a lot of useless rural delivery register books is consigned to him, and when the service has to pay fifty per cent, more than the current price for repainting the mailboxes which he has not asked to have repainted — the postmaster, well along in the craft of politics, knows that some one is stealing. So, during McKinley’s entire administration, Republican politicians of high and low degree, seeing the way things were going in their local post-offices, had their idea about the condition of things at Washington and, being loyal party men, kept still. It was supposed to be a breach of faith for a Republican to cry “ stop thief ” on a fellow Republican, orfor a Democrat to stop the peculations of a fellow Democrat. And when the thief is the man above you it takes considerable moral courage to say anything about it. The few postmasters who did say anything about the stealing found out to their sorrow that silence is golden.

   Naturally the stories of the thieving in the post-office department came to congressmen and senators who are necessarily close political friends of postmasters. During the three years last past probably not twenty Republican congressmen and senators did not know of the corruption of the post-office department; having this knowledge, congress divided itself into two bodies—the minority, which said nothing of it and went about its business; and the great majority of the Republican congressmen, which found out where the crookedness was and exactly who was profiting by the crookedness, and used this knowledge to get favors from the beneficiaries. The chief beneficiaries were August W. Machen, superintendent of free delivery, and George W. Beavers, superintendent of the division of salaries and allowances. The rise of rural free delivery in this country in the eight years last past has made it impossible for a Republican congressman to retain his seat if he does not get his constituents all the free delivery routes they ask for. The man to whom the congressman had to go for his rural route favors was August W. Machen, superintendent of free delivery and head

thief in the post-office department. Now when a congressman knew that the man of whom he was asking a favor was stealing, and the man who was stealing knew that the man who was asking the favor suspected the theft, the ravor was granted whether public service demanded it or not. Also, under a perversion of the intention of government, postmasters look to the congressmen to increase their salaries and those of the clerks in the offices, and to get more rentals for the post-office buildings. The man to whom the congressmen had to go for such favors was George W. Beavers, the superintendent of the division of salaries and allowances. He had a million dollars to give out, and by reason of the carelessness of the auditor of the post-office department, was paying no attention to the congressional restrictions put * upon the money. Beavers was Machen’s running mate in the looting expedition, and most of the congressmen suspected that something was wrong with Beavers’s department. And Beavers knew their suspicions ; so congressmen generally got from him what they went after. And the crookedness thrived.

   When it was stopped by President Roosevelt this crookedness was so far-reaching that when a citizen went to the post-office to buy a stamp the cash register which gave him his change was full of graft, the ink used in canceling the s-tamp was full of graft, the pad which furnished the ink was full of graft, the clock which kept the clerk’s time was full of graft, the postmaster’s typewriter was full of graft, the carrier’s satchel tie-straps, his shoulder straps, and his badge were subject to illegal taxation, the money order blanks were full of graft, the letter boxes on the street were fraudulently painted, fraudulently fastened to the posts, fraudulently made, and equipped—many of them—with fraudulent time-indicators. Often the salaries of the clerks were full of graft. And in the case of hundreds of thousands of swindling letters and advertisements that were dropped in the box—they were full of graft.

   This grafting was a matter of common knowledge in Washington. The names of Machen and Beavers were bywords a year before the investigation began. But they were more powerful with congress than the Postmaster-General, and, strange as it may seem, were more powerful with individual congressmen than the President, because Machen and Beavers had favors which the
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  President did not control, and which, as has been shown, a congressman has to use to be renominated and reelected.

    When congress adjourned in March, 1903, probably a thousand people within rifle shot of the White House knew of the corruption rampant in the post-office department which congress, either consciously or unconsciously, was using to its profit. The two men in Washington who should have known about it were shielded from knowledge; they were Postmaster-General Payne and President Roosevelt. The Postmaster-General had heard considerable of the gossip, but, having been in politics all his life, the smell of the smoke of rumors was in his nostrils, and a little more smoke more or less did not startle him to the fire that was burning all around him. Recrimination is so common in politics that one becomes accustomed to hearing honest men called thieves, and the Postmaster-General did not give credence to the gossip against Machen, who was a trusted lieutenant in the political situation, and of whom all congressmen (very naturally) spoke in the most laudatory terms. More than that, Postmaster-General Payne was sick; he had a sick man’s aversion to unnecessary trouble. He desired to put away from him the tumult of an investigation. During the few months of his incumbency he had conducted a few investigations of reported crookedness ; but his investigations were of the most perfunctory sort, and sometimes ended by finding that the charges were exaggerated. He had no stomach for going to the bone of any matter. As for the President, two things blinded his eyes:      His

  friends in congress (with half a dozen strong exceptions, who were too honest to know of the thieving) were of the salaaming and kow-towing sort that believes the way to please Roosevelt is to call him child of the sun, brother to the moon, and second cousin to all the stars. They apparently thought that the bearer of bad news would be beheaded. And the greater number of the Republican congressmen and senators frankly dislike Roosevelt, and would delight in seeing his downfall if it might be accomplished without their own political ruin. Congress is a slave to traditions a century old. One of these traditions of congress is that politics is a game. Everything done in congress is done with reference to politics, and is merely a play in the game. It is insincere, and often stupid, but con-

  gressmen take it in dead earnest. Theodore Roosevelt doesn’t regard politics as a game, and he does not believe the governing of a people was put in his hands as an amusement. He is sincere, and often straightforward and harsh in his dealings with the gamesters in congress, and seeing their traditions ignored and their shams exposed they quietly hate the interloyer who is responsible for their discomfiture. Congress, therefore, reaping the indirect benefits of the corruption in two of the departments, and suspecting the trouble found in the third department, grinned when it heard the President talk of honesty in public administration, awaiting the day when the crookedness should come out to his disgrace and confusion. He was responsible to the people and not the congressmen, and he and not they were talking about the purification of politics. Another thing blinded the President’s eyes, and that is the spirit of life in the city of Washington. It is the hothouse of petty grafting. Of the thirty-four thousand officeholders in the town, not five hundred look upon their offices as sacred trusts to the people. Anything which the mass of those Washington officeholders can get out of the government is regarded by public opinion among them as clear gain, whether it be an hour’s time or a railroad pass for betraying the government’s interest in matters under their care. The man who is making “easy money” off the government — if he is not actually taking the money out of the till—is looked up to with a kind of envious respect. Machen and Beavers were, therefore, little tin gods. Official Washington knew their power and presumed they were stealing, ajid official Washington honored them. And never a hint of the conditions came to the President’s ears until the Washington Times used the common gossip of the street about conditions in the post-office department as a basis for a series of articles. Washington was aghast at the effrontery of the newspaper. Its editors were threatened with boycott, and their friends rushed to them in amazement to know what the paper had to gain by its course. In a few weeks the proprietor of the paper discharged his enterprising editors and the matter dropped. But General Leonard Wood, Congressman E. F. Loud, Senator Platt of Connecticut, and a few other honest officials in Washington took the matter to the President and he ordered the investigation. He chose Joseph L. Bristow to do the work.
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   The President’s attitude was from the first one of angry abhorrence for the alleged thieves. He went at the investigation as a terrier goes after a rat. When the Washington Times was printing its exposures, Beavers was brought to the Times office and agreed to tell all he knew under the promise that “that damned wolf, Bristow, be kept off him. For,” said Beavers, as his fat cheeks shook with fear and horror, “ that damned wolf would never rest until he saw me in stripes behind the bars and stood there grinning at me.” The President knew how the post-office officials hated Fourth Assistant Postmaster-General Bristow. His work in Cuba had proved his mettle. And it was Bristow whom the President set upon the thieves. Before he had been at work a month Beavers left his desk and fled, and Machen, the cooler scoundrel of the two, set to work all his power of congressmen and editors (and he had them on his staff by the hundreds) to dissuade the President from probing the scandal. Party papers all over the land, to which Machen had been furnishing lists of farmers on free delivery routes, began to discredit the investigation. They attacked Bristow and said he was inspired in his search for Machen’s misdeeds by jealousy for Machen. Congressmen and senators whom Machen had fa.vored came storming to the White House and said the exposure would ruin the party and would defeat the President for reelection. Men high in the party councils — and close to Machen — were first persuasive and then wrathful in their insistence that the investigation be dropped. But it went on. When it touched the President’s friend and political sponsor, State Senator Green, of Binghamton, New York, and when he was about to be indicted for crookedness, the two senators from New York and every prominent Republican in the state begged for mercy, and then threatened President Roosevelt for allowing Bristow to indict Green. Bristow furnished the President with the evidence against Green. It was shown that he was at the head of a powerful secret society which would be humiliated at Green’s downfall and that the members of the society—enough to carry New York against the President this year—would vote against him and lose him the presidency if Green were indicted. But Roosevelt looked at the evidence and Bristow went on with his work; the indictment was issued.

   And this is what was disclosed :     First, let

us consider Beavers’s misdeeds. Beavers came into the postal service in New York City in 1881, and was made an inspector in 1890. At Beavers’s suggestion, H. J. Trues-dell (according to his own affidavit) bribed a post-office official in the New York office to favor the installation of the Bundy Time Recording Clock in that office, paying the officer six hundred dollars. Beavers was afterward recommended by State Senator Green, president of the Bundy Company, for a place in the post-office department at Washington, and he became Perry Heath’s confidential assistant. Mr. Heath was, at the time, closely identified with the Republican National Committee, and later its secretary. The Bundy clock people had been selling clocks to the government, but the First Assistant Postmaster-General, thinking their price too high, was making investigations as to the cost of other clocks. Suddenly the investigation was stopped, and a four-year contract was made with the Bundy clock people, though such a contract was unnecessary to secure the clocks at the price then paid. These clocks were sent by Beavers over the country to various post-offices without any business justification. Post-offices were equipped with clocks and clerks’ keys without reference to the needs of the office and without requisition by the postmasters. It came out in the investigation that as fast as the clocks were paid for, ten per cent, of the payment was sent back from Senator Green, of Binghamton, to Beavers in the shape of checks and drafts. This was probably for commission. When confronted with the checks Green, who had virtuously “demanded” an investigation, replied to questions asking him what the checks were given to Beavers for, saying that the investigation was not fair, that it injured his “business and financial standing” to have inspectors tracing his checks to Beavers, and “ acting on the advice of counsel” he declined to make any explanation of the suspicious checks.

   Later he refused to talk to the federal grand jury because he might incriminate himself, and still later he was arrested and has been using technicalities to avoid a trial —a sad contrast to the original indignant “ demand.”

   One of Beavers’s early schemes was for the sale of promotions in the post-offices in New York and Jersey City. This was done by a prostitution of the local branches of the
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  National Association of Post-office Clerks. From time to time special assessments of the “legislative fund” were made on the representation that the proceeds would be used to secure the passage of a law by congress to increase the pay of clerks and reduce their hours. These amounts were remitted to Otto F. Weis, assistant superintendent of the New York post-office, chairman of the “legislative” committee, who states in a deposition that, during 1899 and 1900, he got between $8,000 and $10,000, that he had paid in expenses for trips to Washington and other legitimate expenses about $3,000, and that he had paid the balance to Benj. Parkhurst, for some years superintendent of a station of the Washington post-office. Parkhurst was intimately acquainted with Beavers and was retained in the service and promoted through Beavers’s influence when, without Beavers’s support, Parkhurst would have been removed for intoxication and neglect of duty. That Beavers made promotions solely on the request of Weis is shown by letters in the files of the salary and allowance division. Frank C. Hay, a clerk in the Jersey City office, stated under oath that in October, 1899, Weis made a proposition to him to have the salaries of the clerks in Jersey City and neighboring post-offices increased $100 a year on the payment of two and a half per cent, of their salaries, stating that the money was to be paid to Beavers, after deducting Weis’s expenses. Hay saw several clerks in Jersey City and Bayonne, and later made the following collections :

  E. H. Whitney asst, postmaster Bayonne.. .$25.

  Bertram Cubberley elk........... “   .. 12.50

  Simeon Bullen elk...........Jersey City   25.

  James A. Coyle “ ............. “     “  25.

    He gave this money and $35 of his own money to Weis. Joseph F. Hart, a clerk in Jersey City, paid $25 to Weis in person. Nearly all these persons had a distinct assurance that if they were not promoted the money would be returned. The assistant postmaster and the clerk at Bayonne were promoted. When the postmaster at Jersey City forwarded his recommendations for promotions he did not include the names of Hay, Hart, and Bullen. Hay swears that before he learned it from any other source Weis told him that the three persons last named had not been recommended for promotion by the postmaster, but that Beavers would “fix it,” even if it were unusual.

    Here is how Beavers went to work to “fix it.” Shortly afterwards it was announced in a Jersey City paper that Hay, Hart, and Bullen had been promoted, and a few days later the postmaster received an official communication from the department, signed by G. W. B. in ink, saying that “in compliance with your recommendation the following changes in your roster of clerks are approved,” and included the names of Hay, Hart, and Bullen. The postmaster at Jersey City not only protested in writing against these promotions, but he sent the assistant postmaster to Washington to take the matter up with Beavers himself. Beavers said that the papers were all made out and that he had granted an increase to these three clerks on account of the clerks’ association, but that if the postmaster objected and insisted he would cancel the promotions. The postmaster did insist and the money was returned to the three unpromoted clerks, but not to the one who had been promoted. Frank Hay, the clerk who makes the affidavit that he made the collections, says that Benj. Parkhurst, when the recent investigation began, begged Hay to tell nothing of what he had done.

    About this time, in 1899, the manufacturers of the “Brandt Automatic Cashier” began to try to find some corrupt way to get their machines adopted by the government for post-offices. The machine is so arranged that, by touching a key, the amount of change needed will be given out. George F. Miller, of Canton, son-in-law of Judge George E. Baldwin was made agent of the company at Washington. Inspectors have correspondence showing that while Miller and the New York agent of the company were satisfied that Beavers was corrupt, they hesitated to approach him directly and were looking for a go-between. They got Congressman E. H. Driggs, of New York, to help them. Their letters say that they are trying to find out “just what this man Beavers wants in dollars and cents.” It turned out to be exactly $12,500, and $25 more than the regular market price of each machine was added to the price the government paid to make the amount. After that Beavers put the Brandt machines wherever he could force them. Whenever a postmaster asked for five dollars to repair his coin rack, he got a Brandt machine costing $150, and the postmaster at Kansas City got seven machines which he dumped in the cellar, having
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no use for them. Beavers and Driggs divided the booty.

   In 1900, postmasters all over the country, under the salary and allowance division, began to feel that the department was interested in the Elliott-Hatch book typewriter. Whenever a postmaster made a requisition for a typewriter an Elliott-Hatch machine was sent to him. Postmasters were asked to pay—out of their funds and charge to the government—$200 for this, and when they protested that they didn’t like the machine, that they could get a satisfactory machine for half the money, and that if the Elliott-Hatch machine was put in it would take another clerk to operate it. Beavers was so anxious to make the sale of the Elliott-Hatch machine that, in some instances, as in Duluth, Minn., he allowed the extra clerk to operate the machine. The only post-office in the United States which made a favorable report on the machine was the Washington office. W. Scott Towers, who made out the report, is now under indictment for fraud in promoting the sale of the machine. The government has checks and drafts issued by the agent of the Elliott Company to Towers, showing that he got fifty dollars commission on each machine sold to the government, and as he was intimate with Beavers the reader is entitled to his own conclusions. According to the report:    “The inspectors

have conclusive proof that he divided his commission with Beavers, each taking twenty-five dollars per machine.”

   Beavers was an obliging fellow—especially when congressmen who might expose his crookedness were concerned. It was found after Beavers resigned that the clerks in certain grades of the post-offices in the country greatly exceeded the number specified in the appropriation act, and thirty-four hundred promotions that he had authorized to take effect July 1st, 1903, to oblige congressmen and others with “pull,” had to be canceled in the interests of common decency. This is a large number, and the congressmen who secured them had good reasons to say nothing at the White House of what they heard about Beavers on the streets of Washington. They got noisily mad when the report was published and were going to destroy Bristow, who made the report, for his impudence in interfering with their private affairs! But they cooled down. It was also found after Beavers resigned that fourteen assistant postmasters at second-

class olfices were receiving excessive salaries —probably upon congressional recommendation ; and in five first-class offices assistant postmasters, also with congressional “endorsements,” were designated as “cashiers” for the purpose of allowing a larger salary than that authorized by law. Four clerks at second-class offices—who had friends in congress—received $1,200 and $1,100, while the maximum salary should be $1,000. Forty-eight clerks at first-class offices who had congressional “infloonce” were receiving salary from one to four hundred dollars in excess of the amount allowed by law. The only property owned by Beavers when he came to Washington was assessed at $1,800; this was afterward turned in as a part payment for the property he now owns at Borough Park, at a valuation of $6,500. It has been disclosed by investigation that when he fled from Washington with the bars of the penitentiary shadowed on his back, he was worth $60,000, and when congress was abusing Bristow, an honest man, last spring, not one unkind word was said of this fellow Beavers. The congressmen who abused Bristow were probably feeling a little lonely at the loss of their obliging old friend and took it out on the man whose unrelenting honesty had created the “vacant chair.” When one turns from Beavers to Machen it is as though one walked from the room where the young woman with pig-tails down her back was practising one-and-two-and-three-and-four-and on the piano into the room wherein the master was playing a sonata. For if ever there was an artist in graft, one who reduced graft to a really beautiful handicraft, it was August W. Machen. He not only robbed the government, but he robbed his partners who were robbing the government, and would have robbed himself sooner or later if he hadn’t been caught. He came from Toledo, Ohio, in President Cleveland’s second term, and was made superintendent of the free delivery service in 1893. He left an unsavory reputation in Toledo, where he had been assistant postmaster, and was a bankrupt—which is not particularly to his discredit—but in addition to that he was a dead beat. He was a borrowing swindler in Toledo, and as assistant postmaster was in league with money-sharks to collect usurious interest from post-office employees. How he imposed himself on former Governor Campbell and former Congressman Ritchie, who endorsed him, is one of a thousand
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 similar stories of politics. He was morally incompetent for the place he held, and was living by his wits when he got it. No railroad company or insurance company would have given him responsible employment, but the government gave him one of its most important places. Before leaving Toledo he inaugurated a grand borrowing carnival and cleaned up about $3,000, using the fact that he desired to move his family to Washington as an excuse. Little of this money was repaid, and those who were paid only got their money after threatening to sue, although while they were trying to collect their dues Machen was robbing the government of thousands of dollars a year. In Washington he borrowed money on forged mortgages, and filched from the government by making an appointment date back several months from its actual beginning, and by forging the endorsement on the warrant and pocketing it. But these were mere jim-cracks and cornices to an edifice of graft that was the admiration and marvel of official Washington.

   When Machen had been in office four days he began to urge the use of straps instead of twine for tying letter parcels taken out by free-delivery carriers. He estimated that the annual cost of these straps would be $7,500, and that there would be a saving over twine. After that he ordered the straps at his own free will at an annual cost of $14,000, and sent straps to offices without regard to the need of them. A year later the government, through Machen, began buying shoulder straps for carriers’ satchels from the house that furnished the tie-straps, George D. Lamb, of New Haven, Conn., and later of New York. Lamb died several years ago, and the conduct of his successors has been thoroughly honorable. The government paid 39^ cents for them. The straps were sent to postmasters over the country without requisition, and when postmasters protested against paying for the tie-straps at the price which Machen authorized Lamb to charge for them, Machen told the postmaster that the straps were furnished under contract with the government—a bald falsehood. Various postmasters offered to buy the straps in the open market for forty per cent, less than Machen made them pay, but Machen was not moved. The straps kept coming to the office and were often stored in attics and boxed up to keep them out of the way. This continued for nearly

ten years. In that time W. C. Long, a “laborer” in the post-office department, who was Machen’s friend, appeared at Lamb’s office regularly and collected two and a half cents on each strap sold, and Long’s checks will show that sixty per cent, of the amount paid during the year of 1902—indeed, it is fair to suppose that sixty per cent, of the whole amount, $30,000, fraudulently collected—went into Machen’s bank account. Keep the straps in mind ; they form a link in the continued story of Machen’s boodling.

About the time the arrangements between Long and Lamb had been completed for the two and a half cents’ graft on the shoulder straps, the government, through Machen’s manipulation, made a contract with John Boyle and Company, of New York, for letter-carriers’ satchels, specifying in the terms that the straps were to be furnished by Boyle. A few weeks later Machen officially wrote to Boyle—whose relations with the government were, by the way, honorable in every respect—telling him the straps would be furnished for the satchels by Lamb, and paid for by the government. Of course no deduction was made in the price of the satchels. During the life of the contract the government furnished Boyle with 20,000 straps that Machen might steal five hundred dollars. Clearly that was not enough game to pay for the powder. On the next contract, let to Leopold J. Stern, of Baltimore, in the spring of ’98, Machen specified that the satchels should be equipped with shoulder straps, as it was, specified in the Boyle contract, and then, shipping the straps from Lamb, of New Haven, Machen collected four cents graft on each strap from Lamb, and made Stern pay five thousand dollars to him, Machen, for stealing the straps from the government and sending them to Stern. And Stern, being thrifty and seeing that others were making a more or less honest dollar now and then, seems to have concluded that life was too short to be honest; consequently he began making shoddy satchels, knowing that Machen would not dare to protest. Machen is a sensitive soul, and the sight of any one except himself making money off the government filled him with grief, so at the end of the time for which Stern had the contract for making the satchels, Machen manipulated the awarding board and gave the satchel contract to “The Postal Device and Lock Co.” This company was financed by Spencer Trask, of New York, who
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seems to have been so honest that he was merely holding the sack for Machen’s snipe. The active members of the company, according to a secret contract which they were foolish enough to put into writing, were Wm. G. Crawford, a lobbyist in Washington, George E. Lorenz, who was postmaster at Toledo when Machen was assistant, and Machen himself. The company was to be allowed to furnish a shoddy cloth sack instead of a leather sack; to charge the price of the leather shoulder strap to the government ; Machen was to steal the straps from the government; and Lorenz was to be the dummy strap maker to fool Trask, and charge the company 45 cents apiece for them. They cost the government 39^ cents, with Machen’s four cent blackmail in them, but Lorenz put them into the “company” for 45. Trask was to have the profits on the sacks only after 45 cents secret bonus had been deducted for all “A” grade sacks, $1.19 for all “ B” grades, and 84 cents for all "C” grades. This part of the secret contract, though in writing, was not known to Trask, who thought he was to share in all profits. Crawford, as representative of the company Trask was financing, paid Lorenz for the straps which Machen stole from the government, and paid him a secret bonus on each sack; Lorenz forwarded back to Crawford one-quarter of the amount received from Crawford, and kept a quarter himself, and gave Machen half, while Machen was getting four cent blackmail from Lamb. In the meantime, fearing to trust Crawford and Lorenz entirely, Machen awarded the “D” and “E” grade satchels in that year (1902) to Maurice Runkle, and made a similar graft arrangement with him about the shoulder straps.

   The device which fastens a street mail-box to the post cost 25 cents at the foundry. Machen made the government pay $1.50 for it, and bought these devices unnecessarily, literally by the carload, and sent gangs of men under the superintendence of his brothers over the country to take off the old fasteners—which were entirely satisfactory —and put on the new devices. The government paid $141,000 for the fasteners in the five years last past, and forty per cent, of that amount—over $51,000—went to Lorenz and Machen as partners. The little busy bee was improving each shining hour.

   In 1897 Machen made a fraudulent contract with John T. Cupper, of Lockhaven,

Pa., to paint the mail-boxes an aluminum color. Forthwith gangs of Cupper’s men appeared all over the United States, and began painting the mail-boxes whether they needed it or not, and over the protests of innumerable postmasters that the boxes didn’t need paint and that they could be painted from fifty to seventy per cent, cheaper than Cupper was painting them with the paint Cupper was using. Machen pigeonholed the protests, and the painting proceeded. Cupper charged the government $1 per package box, 50 cents per letter box, and 25 cents per post. Long, who was Machen’s go-between in the shoulder-strap deal with Lamb, of New Haven, was his fence in the painting deal with Cupper. The government paid Cupper $100,000, and it is estimated by post-office officials that Machen and Long and Cupper divided the forty per cent, net profit between them. Moreover, there is documentary evidence to this effect.

   Without consulting the Supervisor of Rural Free Delivery or any one else who knew the needs of the rural carriers, Machen decided to order a lot of carriers’ registry cases. He and Maurice Runkle—he of the carriers’ satchel contract—went into collusion. Runkle bought the cases of a regular manufacturer for $5,000 and sold them to the government for $18,000, and Runkle bought some mining stock of Machen, which he said under oath “wasn’t worth a damn.” Machen seems to have kept dummy mining stock in his kit for such emergencies. He used it to cover many of his transactions. The Runkle graft was so successful for the rural free delivery service that Machen and his confederates in the department—T. W. McGregor, the supply clerk, who was reshipping the stolen shoulder straps for Machen to Lorenz, and C. Ellsworth Upton, a clerk under McGregor, who naturally knew of the stealing going on around him—these three decided that they would extend the carriers’ case graft to the city service. Accordingly Upton and McGregor deliberately went out and accomplished the moral ruin of a young man named C. E. Smith, a leather dealer, in Baltimore. They made him increase his price for furnishing the cases successively from fifty cents to sixty, and from sixty to seventy-five, and finally to ninety cents, that the margin of booty might be large enough to satisfy their greed. The gang trumped up political endorsement for Smith,
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  who is a Democrat and knew no Republican politics, to give the color of political pull to the steal. Smith went into the market, bought the articles for 30 cents and 35^-cents. He paid $6,550 for what he sold to the government at $18,000, and Machen, Upton, Ellsworth, and Smith divided up the $11,500. The pouches or cases were not needed, and were not used by carriers. Thousands of them are stored in Washington to-day. Smith, of course, got but a small share of the loot, and Machen put both feet in the trough.

    There is evidence that the street letter boxes began to pay tribute to Machen in 1894, through collusion with Eugene D. Scheble, a Toledo dentist. In 1897 Machen became half owner of the contracts and after that the manufacturers got increased orders. Letter boxes were sent broadcast over the country by Machen without warrant. By the time the contract was again let, in 1901, Machen had gobbled the entire business, taking the contract under the name of the Michigan Steel Box Company. Prices were now made by an awarding board controlled by Machen to suit his greed. He and Scheble are believed to have made about $65,000 out of the three contracts. By bethinking himself of putting cast-iron legs on the big package boxes on the street corners, which legs cost the manufacturer 25 cents, Machen increased the price of the box to the government $1.25, and let his friend Lorenz get a 50 cent “royalty” from the contractor, on an article not patented, and to oblige Machen the “royalty” was paid to him as Lorenz was in Europe at the time. Thereupon it began to rain package boxes all over the country, and Machen cleared up nearly $2,000 a year on that idea. Machen also picked up some small change by grafting on the Montague time device, and by collecting ten per cent, on the gross sales of all the rural carriers’ hat badges, and would have done better in this line if he had not been caught.

    The complaints which caused the house of corruption to fall in the post-office department were not against the ringleaders of corruption, but against the office of the Attorney-General of the post-office department. This officer is supposed to furnish the bureau with its legal advice, and under the Attorney-General of the post-office department come the cases of persons who are suspected of fraudulently using the mails. That this office was either corrupt or grossly

  incompetent under the administration of James N. Tyner is a matter which is not open to the slightest doubt. Men and concerns promulgating swindling advertisements were allowed the use of the mails by Tyner after inspectors had discovered the fraud and recommended fraud orders time and again. The favorite way used by Tyner’s office to permit the fraudulent advertisers to use the mails was to examine their advertisements and say, owlishly, that while of course the advertisement looked like fraud, still until the fraud was actually perpetrated it would be unfair to presume fraud. And then, fraud having been committed, as every one knew it would be when the advertisements were answered, it was Tyner’s habit to say that the scheme having been discontinued, the concern was not perpetrating a fraud at that time, and when a new series was put out he went over the same silly patter. This was done many times, and thousands were swindled—always the ignorant, and hence those who were not able to lose the money. There were favorites in the office, and Tyner’s bureau urged that certain swindlers be prosecuted, and demanded that others, doing exactly the same kind of business, be protected from prosecution. But the puzzle swindler and similar frauds —just referred to—were petty thieves, while the bond investment companies that were sheltered under the wing of Tyner’s office were not merely practising grand larceny, but were practising it by the wholesale. The story of how the government of the United States, which is supposed to protect people against fraud, actually connived with the rascals to cheat the people, is one of the most outrageous stories in the history of this government, and if the Republican party had not purged itself, and cast out in obliquity the men who were responsible, the party would have deserved no further confidence of the people. For it is not what a party claims to be, not its platform, but its deeds that test its worth. It is men, not measures, that in the final analysis determine what government is. The story of the rise of the bond investment companies and their collusion with the government is as follows : Under the Democratic administration, after the fall of the Louisiana lottery, a swarm of get-rich-quick companies arose. They depended for existence upon new business and the confiscation of monthly payment if failure is made to continue them ; they promised
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five and ten per cent, per month, and so long as the new payments came in and old ones were confiscated, the “coupons” were paid. But they were apparent frauds and the Democratic administration so held and prosecuted these frauds ruthlessly. But when the new Attorney-General for the post-office department came in under the Republican administration, the representatives of these bond companies met in Washington and formed an association to promote their interests before the post-office department. The president of the “association” wrote to the secretary, June 24, 1897, a few weeks after Tyner and his nephew, H. J. Barrett, were installed in office : “We have now an extraordinary political backing, which I am not authorized to explain, but it is the very strongest, and we are using it for all it is worth. Judge Nelms (afterwards Barrett’s law partner), General Dudley, and Mr. Bowman, of Kentucky, are the only ones in the secret. We have the postmaster, the first assistant, and Tyner with us. ...           I

have the strongest assurance that the government is our friend, and will do all they can for us. .     . . Judge Nelms and I

have pushed the matter as far as we could and the law clerk of Tyner (Barrett, his wife’s nephew) is hard at work on the case.” Four days later the president of this gang wrote : “Had a long interview with the law clerk (very satisfactory), he is a nice fellow and a relative of Tyner’s wife. His name is Barrett, and he has charge of this matter of ours, and is conducting the investigation. At his suggestion the other day, I filed a petition to-day, asking for the suspension of the fraud order against us, and in same certified that we were not using the mails. He then asked me to wire at once to our company as follows : ‘ Postmaster-General requests us to have our postmaster wire him certifying that to the best of his knowledge we are not using the mails.’ Which telegram 1 sent you, and am in hope you can induce Daniels to do so. He then told me that we would have to change some features of our plans, such as extending the maturity of our bonds—or something else—so that they will have the excuse to say our plans have been changed, and it is not the same plan passed upon by General Thomas (the Democratic official who was so ruthless). He has practically promised as soon as the answer from the postmaster is received he would act, and I expect a suspension order

by about Thursday. I am in good spirits and believe more and more that we will get all we are asking for.”

   Isn’t that a fine dish to set before the American people ! He got the suspension of the fraud order a day ahead of the time it was promised by Barrett. More than that, the door was opened to nearly all the companies—all those who were on the “inside,” and for nearly three years the bond companies did most magnificent swindling business. When a complaint was made against one of them the complainant was told that suit had been started to test the matter in the courts, and when criminal action was brought against the swindlers to really test the matter in the courts, Tyner’s office was displeased, and the suits were continued and continued and finally dismissed and the matter was never tested in the courts, for a very good reason. Early in March, 1900, Barrett and Nelms decided to form a law partnership to handle the business before Tyner. So of a sudden the attitude of the department toward “bond” companies changed, and it was given out that Barrett was “investigating” the bond companies. He sent out official letters, signed by his initials, to all of them while he was still in the government employ, asking for facts about them, ostensibly for department use, and let it be plainly known that Barrett was the man who was making the trouble. When he got all the facts he wanted, Barrett officially employed an actuary, who went through the figures and who, of course, declared the whole lot of the companies frauds—as they were. Thereupon Mr. Barrett sent out a fraud order barring the whole lot from the use of the mails, and in the circular he told them that with “ some modification” they might be restored to the mails. In the same mails that this circular went out,letters signed by Barrett personally went to the bond companies telling them that he was going out of the department and that he was about to open a law office with Nelms, and that he would help them “modify” their plans to get into the mails again. Naturally the bond companies bit, and Barrett and Nelms for a year—after that, Barrett alone—did more business than a bird-pup with a rubber shoe. The story of how Barrett sent to Tyner the rulings and opinions and letters needed for Barrett and Nelms’s client; how Tyner became the tool of his nephew; how Barrett knew in advance
   
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 [pgbrk] Photograph copyrighted 1904 by Pach.

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 when post-office inspectors were going to call on his clients and prepared his clients for their visits ; and how he used the inspectors of the government to harass those who would not patronize his law firm, is a long and shameful story. When they began to suspect Tyner, his wife and Barrett's mother rifled his official safe and took away whatever incriminating evidence there might

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                                        JOSEPH L. BRISTOW

                   Fourth Assistant Postmaster-General, “whom the President set upon the thieves.”
                   
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  have been. And when Tyner, who is an old man past his four score years, was tried for his offense, he was carried into court on a stretcher, took stimulants while the jury was in sight, and wept copiously before the jury. And the jury, to find a man eighty years old guilty, practically had to sentence him to jail for his natural life, and they brought in a verdict of acquittal. But his record is public, and he was not tried for the things of which

  Bristow and the President accused him. Considering the millions of dollars which the bond companies stole from the people while Tyner gave them the mails, and considering the fact that his defense cannot be a denial of the facts which President Roosevelt charged in dismissing Tyner, so much as it is that he was merely a fool and not a knave, his appeal to the President to clear up

  his name is a fitting climax to six years’ official incompetency so gross as to make one hope for the sake of his faith in the intelligence of human nature that it was not incompetency at all but sheer villainy !

    Resulting from the investigation in the post office department, four “resignations” have been accepted and a dozen removals have been made. Seventy-four indictments
    
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 [pgbrk] GEORGE W. BEAVERS

who, as Superintendent of the Division of Salaries ami Allowances, bad $i,000,000 to give out. Under indictment and now fighting the efforts to get him back to Washington for trial.

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have been issued. The following convictions have followed :

 A. W. Machen, convicted; seotenced to 2 years in Penitentiary and fined $10,000.

 Thomas W. McGregor, convicted; sentenced to 2 years in Penitentiary and fined $1,000.

 C. Ellsworth Upton, convicted; sentenced to 2 years in Penitentiary and fined $i,ooo.

 George E. Lorenz, convicted; sentenced to 2 years in Penitentiary and fined $10,000.

 Diller B. Groff, convicted; sentenced to 2 years in Penitentiary and fined $10,000.

 Samuel A. Groff, convicted; sentenced to 2 years in Penitentiary and fined $10,000.

 Edmund H. Driggs, convicted; sentenced to 1 day in Jail and fined $10,000,

   In June United States Commissioner Benedict in Brooklyn, N. Y., ruled that there was probably cause for Beavers’s removal to Washington. He will probably be tried on the Green case first, and the probability is that he and Green will be tried together.

   The trial and conviction of Senator J. R. Burton, of Kansas, was an indirect result of the post-office investigation. And the credit for pushing the case against Burton, as well

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AUGUST W . MACHEN

General Superintendent of Free Delivery System, “one who reduced graft to a really beautiful handicraft.”

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as the cases against the postal thieves, belongs directly to President Roosevelt. He is the first President of the United States who has pushed a case against a crooked United States senator ; not that other senators under other administrations have not been as crooked as Burton—if such a thing is possible—and not that other Presidents have not known of senatorial crimes, but other Presidents have been more “reasonable” in dealing with crimes against the state than President Roosevelt. They have avoided trouble and have thought that the consideration of grave problems of state—the tariff and international complications, for instance—was more worthy of presidential attention than thief-taking. Roosevelt's whole career before coming to the White House was full of protests against that kind of shamming ; time and again he has declared that enforcing of the laws now on the books was more important in an Executive’s work than trying to get new laws on the books.

   Roosevelt’s action in the post-office business has homely and practical meaning. It means that when a thief steals from the
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American government, if there is a law to punish him, the thief must prepare for trial, and if guilty go to jail.

   A man whom one class of thieves hate all thieves will fear ; that is why Roosevelt is regarded as an unsafe man in certain business circles, where business methods and traditions license acts which, scraped of the veneer of high finance, are mere stealing. That also is why senators, seeing one of their number hauled into court for representing a “get-rich-quick” scheme, feel uneasy lest lobbying for the Standard Oil or for the railroad trust, or for the sugar trust, or for the beef combine in the Senate, may put them to the trouble and expense of a lawsuit with the government. And finally, that is why railroad officials, who connive with congressmen to carry tons of franked congressional mail up and down their railroads during weighing time, to increase the bills against the government, get restless when a man so powerful as August W. Machen has a penitentiary sentence in front of him and thirteen untried indictments behind him. The appearance of one honest man in a group of thieves produces the instant crystallization of the

group. Therefore the post-office investigation has organized against the President dishonest forces in high circles and in low circles.

   The movement toward common old-fashion honesty in politics seems to be a general movement. It seems to be springing from the people, and to be making itself manifest through men like Roosevelt and Bristow and Folk and Jerome and the Chicago crowd headed by “Billy” Kent, and hundreds of lesser lights known to the people of every community; this movement is using the party system to its ends with much practical skill ; and also the movement toward political decency is clearly growing strong in the great newspapers and magazines of the country.

   It remains to be seen whether this movement now so plainly evident among the people toward civic honesty is merely a passing popular whim, or whether it comes from a deep-seated functional development of growing civic intelligence and a dependable civic honesty that has come to Americans with the spread of education among the people of the newer generation born since the great Civil War.


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 THE REALM OF ENCHANTMENT

              BY

                SAMUEL HOPKINS ADAMS

                 AUTHOR OF ‘‘KING COAL,’’ ‘‘THE FLYING DEATH,” ETC.

                     ILLUSTRATED BY ORSON LOWELL

IN the library of his great mansion Franklin Pierce Carlton sat and gloomed at the clock. That instrument of torture for the sleepless faced him with the blank expression proper to 2 a. m. All the doors through the house stood agape, tempting a draught, and into the wide windows there drifted the

whirring night-chorus of heat, sung by countless thousands of insects in the park. The suggestion of open country mocked him, for Franklin Pierce Carlton was town-bound, a slave to the interests of the Transportation Trust, whose president and dictator he was.

   “They’ve given me a devil of a day,” he growled at the calm and deliberate timepiece. “ But before you’re twelve hours
   
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 [pgbrk] Carlton sat and gloomed at the dock

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older, I'll have taught them some things they don’t know.”

   By '‘them” Mr. Carlton meant certain more or less estimable gentlemen on the New York side of the great bridge, who had undertaken, by methods well comprehended of Wall Street, to pick financial flaws in his conduct of the Transportation Trust. This they had done at their peril, for the Carrier King, as he was called, was known,

through biting experiences, to resent any interference with his private affairs—or public ones. A man of brisk and ready insolence was he : masterful, overbearing, and ruthless, with the philosopher’s chuckle at human frailty deep in his heart. Part of which any might read in the abrupt manner, the harsh and imperative voice, and the out-thrust of the solid jaw ; fewer would see the underlying humor and even romance in the
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  sensitive nose and deep-set eyes. For, like many masters of affairs, Franklin Pierce Carlton throbbed to a vein of sentimentalism of which he was querulously impatient.

    It had been a hard day for the Carrier King. Called back from vacation a week before, he had come barely in time to rescue his forces from rout at the hands of a powerful enemy. In a fight to the death Carlton had saved the day and was now laying his plans of retaliation with a vengefulness hitherto unknown in the hardest of his battles. And to-morrow was to witness the completion of the enemy’s ruin, by methods that were—well, barely legal. Why not, he asked himself. Was there any scruple in them when they were winning ? Then why should he halt his revenge, short of the law? As for the newspaper attacks, what harm, he demanded, nursing a very sore spot, did their screeches do any one ? Now the victory was definitely his : the tension was over, and the reaction asserted itself in a mood of ill-tempered wistfulness. Within a day or two, he assured himself restlessly, he would be back in the mountains with his family. Meantime, he couldn’t see why in the name of blazes he couldn’t sleep.

    Turning out the light he walked through the drawing-room to the balcony and looked out across the broad, empty roadway to Brooklyn’s great play-place beyond, with its thick-shrubbed lawn sloping to the lake. Behind him lay the stale custom of the unresting city; before him stretched the infinite variety of the murmurous night. An unformulated desire plagued his mind: it suddenly resolved itself into a wish for a rock that he might throw it into the water and hear the splash. Franklin Pierce Carlton sighed.

    “ Bet I couldn’t throw that far now,” he thought.

    The moon was just rising, full and splendid above the broken line of tree-tops, and the silvern glory, striking through the foliage, shimmered in an ecstasy of pale colors on the bend of the lake below. A wafted breath, full of the night’s warm, disquieting fragrance, came to him like a message and his heart responded with a sudden pang of yearning. When Nature sends out her call, he who is bred “next to the ground” must answer in every fiber of his being. Carlton was thrilling to unrealized memories of boyhood. He drew in a deep breath of enchantment and began unconsciously to hum an

  old, bygone melody, that had long nestled dormant in a far corner of his brain. Then his glance fell upon a figure leaning against the railings below—his railings.

    “Hey, you 1” he cried, brusquely recalled to earth. “What are you doing there?” The figure did not move, but a languid voice rising from somewhere in its vicinity said :

    “Since you’re so politely interested, I believe I was romancing.”

    “Romancing!” sneered Carlton, his ill-temper brought to a focus by an exasperating coolness in the voice and attitude. “Romance out o’ that! What kind of romancing are you doing on my sidewalk at this time o’ night, I’d like to know !”

    “Would you, gentle sir? Then be content. I’ll tell you. I was wishing—nothing original in this—that I were a boy again for about two hours.”

    “You don't say!” cried the Carrier King eagerly, all the animosity gone from his voice. “ What’d you do then ?”

    “Go a-fishin’,” said the voice promptly. “Keno!” said Carlton, with a touch of awe, as his own soul’s yearnings suddenly revealed and explained themselves. "Just what I was wishing, but I didn’t know enough to know it. Come on up.”

    “You speak as one having authority,” remarked the voice. “Are you the butler ? ”

    “Never you mind what I am now!” returned Franklin Pierce Carlton. “The point is, I used to be a boy.”

    He turned up the light as his visitor met him in the hall and examined with interest a clean-shaven, athletic man, with the darkly underlined eyes of the tired worker.

    “Have a Scotch," said the host. “The family’s away and the butler’s fired and the watchman’s asleep, but there’s ice in the box. Take a seat on the balcony and hang your feet over. I’ll be right back and we’ll have a talk—a comfortable talk.”

    Five minutes later he rejoined his guest with two glasses.

    “Glad to see you here,” he said. “But why aren’t you at home and respectably in bed ?”

    “I haven’t any home. ” Carlton stared in incredulous surprise at the well-made clothes and pearl scarf-pin of the stranger. “ I live at a hotel. A New York hotel—home I” he sniffed scornfully. “I’m wandering tonight.”
    
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 [pgbrk] “ ‘ Sufferin’ Saints! What’s that?’”
 [pgbrk] “‘Wow!’ he yelled, and struck. Got him, by glory!’

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   “ You’ve wandered to another poor imitation of the real thing. This is what I call home,” said the host, waving his hand disparagingly around. “But it ain’t; not this night. Not this particular night.”

   "Oh, well,” said the other eagerly, “I’ve got a home, of course, only it’s so far away that it’s no good to me mostlv. Beats this all hollow,” he added seriously. "See that bend in the lake there?” He pointed to the silvered stretch of water. “ Just around that there’s a low-gabled old farm-house in a grove of locust trees. A brook runs down, making a soft racket, and the shore is steep and rocky. You can’t quite see the end of the dock from here with the little sharpie moored beyond. That’s my cottage and my

dock and my sharpie. Just around the bend,” he said dreamily. "Just around the bend—three hundred miles away.”

   “Yes, I know—I know,” said Carlton, of the Transportation Trust, in a half whisper.

   "And with the moon like that, if you take the flat boat and paddle along so near shore that your inner oar flips the moths ofF the flowering bushes, with a rod trailing about

twenty-five yards of line over the stern ”

   “Baited with crawfish,” interjected Carlton eagerly.

   “Baited with nothing! Flies, man! Brown hackle and Silver Doctor are the best ”

   "At this time of night ? You talk like a fool,” cried Carlton, with the bluntness that
   
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 [pgbrk] SAMUEL HOPKINS ADAMS

  525
  
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  had won him many a well-earned enemy in Wall Street. “The bass come in for crawfish at night.'’

    “ I don’t care what they come in for ; it’s what they come out on that counts. If there were any bass in that lake—” His outstretched arm stiffened and held.

    Out of the glowing surface broke a sudden turmoil. A dark body, glinting swiftly in the moonlight, shot into the air, scattering silver drops from its sides until, with a liquid plunk that stirred two boyish hearts, it disappeared under the surface.

    “ Five pounds if it’s an ounce,” exclaimed Carlton.

    “ If 1 had a rod—” began his visitor.

    “In the closet—two of ’em !”

    “And a boat ”

    “Canoe in the basement—cedar canoe. Shipping it to-morrow to my boy.”

    “Tackle and flies ”

    “Got ’em all up-stairs. Worms in the back yard—big, squirmy fellows.”

    The visitor took a long breath and Carlton burst out upon him :

    “ 1 dare you. I black-dog dare you.” “Any boy ’at ’11 take a dare ’11 suck eggs, and any boy ’at '11 suck eggs ’11 steal sheep,” quoted the other in a solemn chant.

    “Jimminy-cricky I”          The old boyhood

  oath sprang joyously to the lips of the Carrier King. “We’ll have a time! What’s your name?” he asked as they began their preparations.

    “ Ellis.”

    “ First or last ?”

    “ First, of course,” scornfully replied the other. “What’s—no; I bet I know what the boys called you,” he broke off, looking at the heavy shoulders and masterful jaw. “They called you Buck.”

    “No, they didn’t. I was only second best. The crack boy of the town's a minister now—and they say he’s a corker! He ought to be along with us to-night. He was Buck. I was Nibbs. Come on down to the basement.” Involuntarily the pair began to tiptoe, passing with stealthy, guilty steps down the stairs.

    “Where’s the paddles?” asked the visitor in hushed tones. “We want everything ship-shape before we go.”

    “ Behind the sideboard,” answered the host, ripping the burlap and cord from the canoe with a carving knife. “They’re wrapped up. Lordy ! I certainly do wish Buck was here. How that cuss did use to lick me ! Haven’t many done it since,” he added with a grin.

    “You likely deserved it,” suggested his guest.

    “Well, I had a hunch if I kept at it-long enough I could turn the tables. And I did— once ; but—well, I didn't fight fair. No, sir ;

  I didn’t fight fair that time. That was just before Buck went away. When I next saw him he was back from boarding-school on vacation, and I wanted to fight him again. Yes; I was out to lick him good. ‘All right, Nibbs,’ he said. ‘ But if I get you down this time I’ll hammer one promise out of you !’ Talk about your tough fights. Buck didn’t have any eyes to see out of when he finally got my nose in the mud. ‘ I got enough,’ I said. He slatted me one in the ear. ‘You
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 swear hope-to-die you’ll never fight anything but square again,’ says he. ‘ Lemme up,’ I says, crying. ' Hope-to-die,’ he prompted, and he banged my other ear. Well, I had to promise I'd never fight unfair with him. He got up and kneed my back till 1 hollered.

 ‘ You promise to fight square with me or anybody else as long as you live,’ he says, ‘or I’ll cave you in.’ ‘Hope to die,’ says I, and he let me up.

   “He was all right, that Buck,” approved the other. “Where’s a shovel? I’ll dig some worms in case we need ’em. Get to work on the rods.”

   Fifteen minutes later two figures, flannel-shirted and slouch-hatted, peered out from the Carlton mansion, reconnoitering the block for the improbable policeman. Nothing in sight. Across the street they scuttled, bearing rods and bait can, which they dropped over the guardian wall of the park. Swiftly they returned and again they crossed, this time toiling under the bulk of the canoe. Toilfully they hoisted it to the coping; carefully they lowered it to the grass. Then Franklin Pierce Carlton, President of the Transportation Trust, and his unknown guest, making two determined jumps, wriggled painfully upon unaccustomed bellies to the top of the wall. A moment they poised there. Overhead the moon moved in splendor from behind a gleaming cloud and its beams bathed them in the light that never was on sea or land, the radiance of the dear days far-gone but unforgotten ; the great wizard whose name is Romance waved his mystic wand, and two small boys, Nibbs and Ellis, dropped breathless and ecstatic into the Realm of Enchantment.

   wall and hastily bobbed down again. ‘ ‘ Somebody coming up the road,” he whispered. Then, thrusting an eye above the coping, “ He’s coming straight for us. Must have seen us climb the wall.”

   “Oh, Lordy !” groaned Nibbs. “I always was the unluckiest kid !”

   Ellis cowered down beside him. They heard the steps approach in a strangely broken cadence, nearer, nearer, nearer. Then a pause. Two hearts beat thickly in a medium of chilled blood. Two minds conjured up the agonizing question—had they dropped a clue on the other side of that wall ? Was the rude hand of authority once more to drag them back from an untasted joy, as it had so often done in that earlier boyhood ? Couldn't a fellow have any fun without somebody catching him at it ?

   “I’ve got to look again or I’ll bust,” whispered Ellis plaintively.

   Creeping along to where a bush overgrew the wall, he rose in its shelter.

   “What's he doing?” came the agonized query from Nibbs.

   “Standing in the road, looking around. Here he comes. Now he’s changed his course—he’s going back to the other side of —no ; he’s tacking this way again. What the dickens is the matter with the man ! There he goes, falling over his feet. Oh, cricky ! It’s only a jag !”

   The uneven footsteps blundered past and died away.

   “Whew!” said Nibbs with an exultant sigh. “I’d forgotten what fun it is to be really scared. Well, let’s get the canoe down.”

   “ You take the bow,” said Ellis. “How’s the going ?”

   “All clear. Nothing but grass—nice, soft, deep grass. Keep close to the shadow of the bushes.”

   “All right. When we come to— Sufferin' Saints! What’s that?”

   “You fool! You dum fool!” tensely whispered Nibbs in the plaintive wrath of fillipped nerves. “ Do you want to give the whole thing away ? Dropping the canoe that way !”

   “Well, what right’s an owl got in a bush like that, a little low bush not big enough for a fair-sized sparrow,” defended the other, indignant at this perversion of bird nature. “ He flew right out in my face. Didn’t hurt the canoe anyhow.”

   “Slide it if you can’t carry it,” said the

   Given two small boys, a forbidden territory, and the poaching career undertaken —the thing must be managed with caution. Park authorities frown on uncertified Izaak Waltons within the limits of their waters, and the occasional policeman rides his mount along the roads, doing a lonely sentry-go. Spice of danger was distinct in the enterprise ; two poachers savored it with joyous appreciation.

   “ Ellis,” whispered Nibbs, as his labored breathing grew easier, “d’you think any one saw us ?”

   “I lad my fingers crossed all the way,” said Ellis. “Wait; I’ll take a peek.”

   He projected a cautious head above the
   
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 [pgbrk] ‘‘Ellis fell on the fish like a half-back on a muffed punt"

           
                
 [pgbrk] " ' Put that bass to bed and smother it'"

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unappeased Nibbs. “Easy all. There! She’s afloat. Hold her, now, while 1 load the truck in.”

   Presently the little craft, with Ellis forward and Nibbs aft, moved out from shore to somewhat clumsy paddles, into the broad moonlight.

   “ Great Scott! We must look big as the City Hall, if there was any one to see us,” com-

mented the stern paddle, reaching for his rod. A sharp metallic whirr cut keenly through the whispering confidences of the night.

   “Quit it! Chuck it ! Cheese it !” ordered Ellis with strangled violence. “Take the click off that reel. Haven’t you got any sense at all ?”

   “Nobody’s around. Anyway, they’d think it was a locust. Sounds just like a locust.”
 [pgbrk] SAMUEL HOPKINS ADAMS

529

   “ Locust ! What kind of a locust’d be singing his song this time o’ night in the middle of a pond. You make me sick.”

   “Aw, quit your kickin’ and let out your line.”

   Silently the boat parted the smooth water, as they paddled irregularly, paying out their lines. Then: " Isn’t this great !” from Ellis.

   "Certainly beats Sunday-school,” answered the impious Nibbs.

   “ I never knew what fun a feller could have— Hi! See that cuss jump I After my fly, I’ll bet a dollar I” added Ellis.

   “More likely after my phantom,” amended Nibbs. “ I tell you, bass won’t rise to a fly at night.”

   “Well, you just wait, and I’ll show you whether they do or not. Bet you my jack-knife against yours I get one on a fly tonight.”

   “Unsight-unseen?” cautiously inquired Nibbs.

   “Yep. Unsight-unseen. Mine’s an I-X-L,” said Ellis. “Only one blade broken, when I last used it. (That was twenty-five years ago),” he added in parenthesis.

   “I’ll bet you anyway,” agreed the other. “We’ll troll down to the other end of the lake. Then we’ll try the worms, still-fishing. Then we’ll troll back.”

   “All hunky,” assented the advocate of the fly, and the canoe glided on.

   Music of the night serenaded their progress. The katydid chorus, with the crickets piping an obligato, served as a background for the deep-voiced operatic frog who sat in a watery shadow and repeated his endless chain of melody, like the prize basso in a Wagner cycle.

   "I’d like to have his legs,” said the practical Ellis. “Hi! Got a strike!”

   There was a shrill whirr and his rod whipped back sharply. His companion saved the cranky canoe from overturning only by a sharp counter-movement to Ellis’s excited leap, which brought the fisherman sprawling in the bottom. Profiting by the sudden shock, the fish leapt splendidly and shook the barb from his mouth.

   “There!” cried Ellis in high dudgeon. “He’s off. What’d you jerk the boat that fool way for ?”

   “You’d have been off if I hadn’t,” grimly returned the other. “D’you take this for a picnic barge, with a dancing-floor ?” “Well, that was a bass all right. I win my bet.”

   “You win your bet when you land him in this boat. Just around the point is where we still-fish.”

   Sullenly Ellis reeled in and watched his companion prepare and bait a hook.

   “Aren’t you going to try wums?” asked the other.

   “Nah ; what’s the use?”

   “Well, crawfish would be better—a lot better,” remarked Nibbs, dropping his hook over. “But I’ll back the modest wum against the gaudy fly, every time.”

   Pro and con they discussed the matter. Caution had been forgotten as the canoe penetrated the depths of the park, and their voices rose in the eagerness of debate. At the point of a most convincing anecdote, Nibbs broke sharply off and announced with great firmness :

   “ I’ve got one. I’ve certainly got one.” “Yes; and it’s a whale,” cried Ellis, forgetting all unworthy envy in the eagerness of true sportsmanship. “Give him line.” For a moment the battle was fierce. Then the line slackened.

   “ He’s off,” mourned Nibbs.

   “No, he ain’t! No, he ain’t! He’s coming up. Keep your line taut!”

   Up came the fish, gleaming silver. Ellis caught the line, swung him in, flopping, stared, whooped, and broke into uncontrollable mirth.

   “Are you going to tip the canoe over again !” demanded Nibbs angrily. “What’s the matter with the fool-idiot, anyway ?” “Oh—oh—oh,” groaned Ellis in spent mirth. “Look at it ! Look at the face on it. It’s a sucker. Sucker-fisher! Sucker-fisher ! Sucker-fisher!” He pointed a derisive finger at the disgruntled angler and it wobbled half around the compass as he writhed in unholy glee.

   “I’d like to give you a good punch in the nose !” said Nibbs in sheepish wrath. "How’d I know there was a sucker laying for that wum ?”

   “ Let him off and we’ll try the trolling again—unless you’d wish to land a few more suckers,” added Ellis politely.

   “Go on, troll,” was the sullen reply. " I’ll put out the phantom again.”

   Forth from the shadows glided the canoe. Under the roadway bridge it passed, and had hardly won to open water beyond when there was a flash in the water and Ellis’s rod was almost torn from his grasp.

   "Wow!” he yelled, and struck. “Got
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THE REALM OF ENCHANTMENT

 him, by glory !” shouted he in a voice that could be heard a mile. “ Whirr-urr-urr-urr ! ” rang the reel, spinning out its shrill melody like a challenge to the night.

   Came an answering challenge, in kind from the velvet shadows.

   “Powers of darkness, what was that?” gasped Nibbs.

   “Don’t know. Don’t care. Don’t give a hoot !” chirped Ellis, fighting his bass.

   “ Whee-ee-ee-ee !” shrilled the mysterious voice again. A dark figure appeared on the bridge.

   “Jimminy crickets ! A cop !” whispered Nibbs. “And he’s whistling for more.”

   “ Hey ! Wotcher doin’ down there ?” demanded the figure.

   “Don’t answer,” whispered Nibbs.

   “I won’t,” gasped Ellis ; “but how about the bass ?”

   And as if in reply : “ Whirr-urr-urr-urr !” rasped the reel again.

   “We’ve got to cut for it,” said Nibbs. “Get your paddle !”

   “And leave this five-pounder? Not on your life !”

   Up went the bass, shimmering and glorious into the air, and came down with a convincing plop ! In truth, who could have left such a bass ?

   “ If-you-want-to-go, go-wan,” jerked Ellis, keeping his eyes upon his line where it cut a silver gash in the black water; “I’ll step out.”

   “You don’t know how deep it is,” cried Nibbs.

   “No ; and I don’t care ! I’ll swim ashore

 with the rod in my teeth before ”

   “Hey, youse ! Come out o’ that. I see ye!”

   “Lordy ! We’re nailed,” shivered Nibbs. “Let’s skin out, Ellis,” he pleaded. “Here he comes down the bank/’

   An ominous crash in the bushes beyond them added force to his warning.

   “Get your paddle out and start her,” whispered Ellis tensely. “ Keep under the shadow of the trees and he won’t see us.”

   “If we can get around the turn we’ll skin him yet,” answered Nibbs. “Look out, there. Give him the butt. He’s rushing.” “There he goes again !” exulted Ellis as the powerful fish shot up into the air. “Now, I’ll get him in.”

   “ Whirrr-rrr-rrr-rrr ! ” sounded the reel. "Whee-ee-ee-ee!” replied the shriller note again and waked a far reply.

   “Come on,” implored Nibbs; “the whole force’ll be on us in a minute.”

   “ Dum the whole force and you too! Now for it.”

   There was a flurry in the water, a quick dash of the landing net, and the fish lay flopping in the canoe.

   “Same old bully five-pounder!” cried Ellis. “I’ll take that jack-knife. Now for the paddle.”

   The canoe bounded forward into an exposed patch of water, and at the same time the policeman’s figure appeared on a rock at the lake’s edge.

   “Come ashore! Drop them oars or I’ll shoot.”

   “He won’t dare, the measly pup!” growled Nibbs.

   “Stoop low,” replied Ellis, putting all his strength on the paddle. The bullet sang over them. A second went flump ! in the water to starboard.

   “One more’s all I’ll give him,” panted Nibbs, digging his blade deep, and, as the canoe swung around the little point, the lead cut sharply through a bush ten yards away.

   “Rotten shooting!” Nibbs’s taunt rang loud and clear.

   “ Whee-ee-ee-ee ! ” The whistle rang clearer and very close; this time from the darkness off the port bow.

   “He’s started his mate,” said Ellis, laughing recklessly. “ It’s going to be a devil of a chase.”

   “Whee-ee-ee-ee.” This time the whistle came from abeam of them on the starboard shore.

   “That’s number 3. Three’s a crowd! Closing in, sure !” observed Nibbs, breathing short as he set his muscles to the paddle. “Neither of ’em can head us off, though.”

   “ You’re the captain ; what do we do ?” “Paddle like blazes. The lake broadens ahead of us. It’s thick on shore; underbrush—good hedgy underbrush. That'll take their time when they try to follow.”

   “ Land where we started from ?”

   “ Yep, and make a rush for it.”

   Twenty rods away to the left the bushes crackled. A voice came from the darkness.

   “All right. I see ’em.” Then through cupped hands ; “Get down to the end and head ’em off. I’m following up this shore.” “ Follow and see how you like it,” grunted Nibbs. “You’ll hit a hard trail.”
 [pgbrk] SAMUEL HOPKINS ADAMS

  531

     For a time the rustle of the bushes progressed swiftly. Then came a flop, as of a heavy body falling, and deep curses.

     “That’s the tangle of prickly pears,” chuckled Nibbs. “There’s a hill of smooth rock beyond. He’s out of the chase. Wonder where the other mutt is?”

     “Hey, Bill!” It was the voice of the sharpshooter. “That you? What’s the matter ?”

     Bill uplifted his voice, filling the fair night with profanity. “ Terry’s on the other shore. Anyways, I guess it’s Terry,” he concluded.

     “Then our point is whether Terry comes out in front or astern of us,” commented Ellis, swinging to his stroke.

     And Terry came out, bulked huge and black on a bare point of land safely astern, with the set question of the force on his lips : “Wot’s the matter here?”

     “Steer in for the shadows to port and put all you’ve got in it !” whispered Nibbs. “ He might shoot.”

     He did shoot. Followed a yell.

     "Look out, you ---------- fool! I’m over

  here.” The fellow officer on the opposite bank was still struggling among the prickly pears. "Whyn’t you run fer the end like I told you,” with more reflections on the heritage and character of Terry.

     "Nibbs,” panted Ellis, “I’m pretty near done.”

     “We’re almost there ; keep it up, old man. A few more strokes. Look out !”

     Up rose the bow of the canoe. Over it tilted further, further, further. A splash. That was Nibbs. Another splash. That was Ellis. A wild flurry in the water. That was the bass. Ellis fell on the fish like a half-back on a muffed punt.

     "I’ve got him,” he spluttered. “What was it ?”

     “ Rock. Never saw it till we were on top. Lucky it’s shallow.”

     They floundered to land, Ellis gripping his prey. “What about the canoe?” he panted.

     “Leave it. We’ve got to run. Drop your fish.” Ellis was gnawing through the fish-line.

     “ 1 can carry him,” he puffed. " Do we go straight ahead?”

     "Little to the right. Gosh! Here they come.”

     The crashing of the bushes as the pursuers approached sounded very close. Ahead of the fugitives rose the hill, surmounted by

  the wall. Breathless from their race, heavy with their water-soaked clothes, they attacked it. Oh, the heart-breaking pang of that ascent ! Oh, the compressed breath, bursting from the lungs ! Oh, the surging blood that clogged the arteries of the throat and knocked with hammer strokes on the eardrums ! And, oh, the hounds of the outraged law, hot upon the trail !

     Nibbs, in the lead, slipped and fell; would have lain there spent had not the slighter Ellis hauled him to his feet by the collar. Together the two fugitives reached the wall. Ellis, dropping his bass, boosted Nibbs up. He picked up the fish and followed. For a moment the two frightened poachers balanced prone on the wall. Behind them a policeman’s whistle again pierced the darkness. It was answered from up the street. A passing cloud blotted the moon ; the light that never was on sea or land, the radiance of the dear days far-gone but unforgotten, faded out; the great wizard whose name is Romance once more waved his wand, but something of his mystic spell still held as Franklin Pierce Carlton, President of the Transportation Trust, hatless, breathless, puffing, wild-eyed, dropped into the street and staggered across into his own basement, followed by his unknown guest in like plight, but still pluckily clasping to his bosom the five-pound bass. The door clanged behind them.

     Down the street came the last policeman on a run. Over the wall toiled another. In three minutes four of them were imperiously demanding entrance. A second-floor window went up.

     “Well, what’s the matter?” The voice was that of President Carlton, the Carrier King, calm, assured, even—but the chest under it was at that very instant struggling out from the embrace of a wet and clammy shirt.

     “There’s burglars in your house. Just ran in.”

     “ Bless my soul ! You don’t tell me. I’ll be right down.” In a whisper: “Ellis, chuck your shoes, get down and open the back door.”

     “ I left it open,” replied Ellis in the same tone.

     “Thank Heaven !” ejaculated Mr. Carlton as his trousers flopped heavily on the floor.

     "Hurry up!” yelled the Majesty of the Law, outside. “They’re in the house now.”

     “Coming, coming,” said Mr. Carlton,
 [pgbrk]   532

THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

  throwing his socks and shoes under the bed and diving into a suit of pajamas.

    “What do I do?” whispered his guest. “Put that bass to bed and smother it ! Then go to bed with it.” For the bass was now flopping around the floor.

    Shivering in the cold proximity of the fish, the guest heard his host run down-stairs and then his exclamations of surprise at finding that his canoe had been stolen. “Yes; and the rascals have taken my fishing rods—two best rods I’ve got. Why, this is the most barefaced robbery I’ve ever heard of.”

    He heard the diminishing voices of the police as they followed the trail through the open rear door. Then his accomplice in crime stood before him.

    “Give me the fish,” said he. “Isn’t he a corker! We’ll send him to the club for breakfast. You’ll spend the night here. My name’s Carlton, Franklin P. Carlton. Who are you when you’re sane ? ”

    “My name’s Ellis Smith. I’m the editor

    Carlton broke in, his face grown a dull red. “You’re the editor of that rag—that yellow rag that’s been attacking me.”

    “I’ve.been attacking your methods, said the other quietly.

    “Who in hell are you to judge my methods ? What do you know of what

  I’ve had to fight ”

    “Why don’t you fight fair then—as you promised Buck?”

    “What do you know about Buck?” cried Carlton. A sudden light gleamed in his eye. He stepped forward. “You—you’re not Buck Smith.”

    “ No,” said the other smiling. “ I’m his kid brother, Ellis. 1 used to go to the old Ow-asco School—after your time. Do I take my bass and go home ? ”

    There was a long pause.

    “No,” said Carlton. “Put the bass in the bath-tub and go to bed.” He mused for a moment, then sighed. “Well, we’ve had a night of it, Ellis,” he said at last. “And now I have to work.”

    “To-night?” said the other in surprise.

    “ Yep ; I’ve got a new fight on to-morrow. And don’t you worry, this time it'll be a fair fight, too, by the Lord Harry, and no favor ! Write me out Buck’s address, will you? Thanks. Good-night.”


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            <div type="articles"><ab>
                
 THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY: PART TWO

              BY IDA M. TARBELL

              AUTHOR OF "THE LIFE OF LINCOLN”

                         CHAPTER VII

                     THE PRICE OF OIL

 FOR nearly two years readers of this History have been following the series of operations which Mr. John D. Rockefeller inaugurated over thirty years ago, in order to realize his

 Great Purpose—the control of the output of refined oil in the United States. It is quite possible that in keeping the attention fixed so long on Mr. Rockefeller’s oil campaign many readers have forgotten the reason why it was undertaken. The reason was made
 [pgbrk] IDA M. TARBELL

533

clear enough at the start by Mr. Rockefeller himself. He and his colleagues went into their first venture, the South Improvement Company, not simply because it was a quick and effective way of putting everybody but themselves out of the refining business, but because, everybody but themselves being put out, they could control the output of oil and put up its price. “There is no man in this country who would not quietly and calmly say that we ought to have a better price for these goods,” the secretary of the South Improvement Company told the Congressional Committee which examined him when it objected to a combination for raising prices.

   Four years after the failure of the first great scheme, a similar one went into effect. What was its object ? Mr. J. J. Vandergrift, one of the directors, questioned once under oath as to what they meant to do, said " simply to hold up the price of oil—to get all we can for it.” Nobody pretended anything else at the time. “The refiners and shippers who are in the association intend there shall be no competition”—" It is a struggle for a margin ’’—“The scope of the Association is an attempt to control the refining of oil with the ultimate purpose of advancing its price and reaping a rich harvest in profits.” These are some of the comments of the contemporary press. The published interviews with the leaders confirm these opinions. Mr. Rockefeller, always discreet in his remarks, denied that the scheme was to make a “corner” in oil ; it was “to protect the oil capital against speculation and to regulate prices.” Mr. H. H. Rogers was more explicit : "The price of oil to-day is fifteen cents per gallon (March, 1875). The proposed allotment of business would probably advance the price to twenty cents. . . . Oil to yield a fair profit should be sold for twenty-five cents per gallon.”

   What was the exact status of this refining business out of which it was necessary to make more in the year 1871 when the first scheme to control it was hatched ? The simplest and safest way to study this question is by means of the chart of prices on pages 534-535.* On this chart the line A shows the variation in the average monthly price, per gallon, of export oil in barrels in New York, from 1866 to June 1, 1904. The line B shows the average monthly price, per gallon, of crude oil in bulk at the wells. A

  Adapted from chart printed in Volume I of Report of Industrial Commission and brought up to date.

glance at the chart will show the difference or margin between the two prices. It is out of this difference that the refiner must pay the cost of transporting, manufacturing, barreling, and marketing his product and get his profits. Now, in 1866, the year after Mr. Rockefeller first went into business, he had, as this chart shows, an average annual

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  Fragment of oil chart showing decline of margin between crude and refined oil in the first seven years, after the pipe-line was proved practical. Notice sudden rise in refined oil in 18 "j 2 caused by the first Refiners’ Association.
  
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difference of 35 cents a gallon between what he paid for his oil and what he sold it for. In 1867 he had from 26 1/2 to 20 cents; in 1868 from 20 to 22 1/2 ; in 1869, from 21 to 18 ; in 1870, from 20 to 15.

   There were many reasons why this margin fell so enormously in these years. All of the refiners’ expenses had rapidly decreased. In 1866 but two railroads came into the oil country; by 1872 there were four connections, and freights fell in consequence. In 1866 carrying oil from the wells by pipe-lines was first practised with success, thus saving the tedious and expensive operation of teaming. Equal advances had been made in other departments. Fewer cars were loaded with barrels ; tank cars, for carrying in bulk, had been invented. The wooden tank for storage had been replaced by the iron tank, holding twenty or thirty thousand barrels. From beginning to end the business had been developed, systematized, simplified. The margin fell because of this.
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            <div type="images"><ab>
                
 [pgbrk] CHART SHOWING PRICE OF

    The above chart is adapted from one published in the Reports of the Industrial Commission, Vol. /, / goo—and is brought figures on which the export and crude lines are based are those taken from the “ Oil City Derrick Hand-Book." Those on

        A, shows the variations in the price per gallon of refined oil for export in barrels in New York. The price of barrels varies

    B, shows the variations in the price per gallon of crude oil in bulk at the wells.

    C, shows the variations in the price per gallon of water white oil (i 5°° test) in barrels in New York. This is the usual The margin or difference between the price of crude and refined is easily calculated. Thus at the end of 1876 the crude line

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   But not only were the expenses coming down, so were the profits. The money which had been made in refining oil had led to a rapid multiplication of refineries at all the centers. In 1872 there was a daily refining capacity of about 46,000 barrels in the country, and the daily consumption of that year had been but 15,000 barrels. This large capacity produced the liveliest competition in selling and every year the margin of profit grew smaller.

   Now, it is natural that men should struggle to keep up a profit. The refiners had become accustomed to making from 25 per cent, to 50 per cent., and even more, on every gallon of oil they put out. As their new industry slowly but surely came under the laws of trade, increased its production, was subjected to severe competition, as they saw themselves, in order to sustain their business, forced to practise economies and to accept smaller profits, they loudly complained, and in 1871, as we have seen, Mr. Rockefeller and a few of his friends combined to put an end to competition by getting all the refineries of the country under their control and thereafter to make only so much oil as they could sell at their own interpretation of a paying price.

   There was not enough profit in the margin

of 1871. Now, what was this profit? According to the best figures accessible of the cost of oil refining at that day, the man who sold a gallon of oil at 24J cents (the average official price for that year) made a profit of not less than 1 1/4 cents—52J cents a barrel* Mr. Josiah Lombard, a large independent refiner of New York City, when questioned by the Congressional Committee which in 1872 looked into Mr. Rockefeller’s scheme for making oil dearer, said that his concern was making money on this margin. “We could ship oil and do very well.” Mr. A. H. Tack told the Congressional Committee of 1888 which was trying to find out why he had been obliged to go out of the refining business in 1873, that he could have made 12 per cent, on his capital with a profit of ten cents a barrel. Scofield, Schurmer and Teagle, of Cleveland, made a profit of 34 cents a barrel in 1875, and cleared $40,000 on an investment of $65,000. Fifty-two cents a barrel profit then was certainly not to be despised. The South Improvement Company gentlemen were not modest in the matter of profits, however, and they launched the scheme whose basic principles h ave figured so largely in the development of the Standard Oil Trust.

                                                         ♦Figures used in computing this profit are from the Oil City Derrick of the period, and from practical oil refiners of that day.
                                                         
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 [pgbrk]  OIL FROM 1866 TO I904

  up to date. The figures at the right and left stand for the price per gallon in cents. The dates are placed at the top. Tte which the water white line is based are from the “ Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter.” slightly, but is usually estimated at 2% cents per gallon.

  domestic oil.

  shows the price of crude to be about 9 cents—the price of refined about 29 ; the margin was therefore 20 cents.
  
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    The success which Mr. Rockefeller had in getting the refiners of the country under his control and the methods he took to do it we have traced. It will be remembered that for a brief period in 1872 and 1873 he held together an association pledged to curtail the output of oil, but that in July, 1873, it went to pieces.* It will be recalled that three years after, in 1875, he put a second association into operation, which in a year claimed a control of 90 per cent, of the refining power of the country, and in less than four years controlled 95 per cent. t This large percentage Mr. Rockefeller has not been able to keep, but, from 1879 to the present day, there has not been a time when he has not controlled over 80 per cent, of the oil manufacturing of the country. To-day he controls about 83 per cent.

    Now it is generally conceded that the man or men who control over 70 per cent, of a commodity, control its price—within limits, very strict limits too, such is the force of economic laws. In the case of the Standard Oil Company the control is so complete that the price of oil, both crude and refined, is actually issued from its headquarters.

    Now, with the help of the chart, let us see

    ♦See McClure’s Magazine for February, 1903. t See McClure’s Magazine for March, 1903.

  what Mr. Rockefeller and his colleagues have been able to do from 1872 to 1904 with their power over the price of oil. The first association which worked was brought about late in 1872. What happened ? Prices for refined oil were run up from 23 cents a gallon in June to 27 cents a gallon in November and the margin increased from 13.6 cents to 16.7 cents. From a profit of about ij cents a gallon they rose to one of over 4 cents. Unfortunately, however, the refiners of that period were not educated to the self-restraint necessary to carry out this scheme. They very soon failed to keep down their output of oil and overstocked the market and the whole machine went to pieces. Mr. Rockefeller had been able to make oil dear for a short time, but only a short time. Worse than that, what he had been able to do brought severe public condemnation. It had, indeed, produced exactly the result the economists tell us too high prices must produce—limitation of the market and stimulation of competition in rival goods.

    As the diagram shows, the margin dropped rapidly back after this brief success from 18 to 13 cents, nor did it stay there. With the return of competition, in the fall of 1873, it continued to drop rapidly. By the end of the year it was down to 11 cents ; by the end
    
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 [pgbrk]   536

 THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

 1872 TO 1877

    Fragment of oil chart showing decline in margin after the failure of the Refiners' Association in 18"] 2 and the abnormal increase in the margin in 187 6, when the next combination was perfected.

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  of 1874 to 9. What had done it ? A decline in expenses, coming from the multiplication of pipe-lines, reduction in freight charges, and free competition in the markets. Nothing else.

     In spite of the obvious economic effects of his scheme in 1872, Mr. Rockefeller did not give up his theory that to make oil dear was for the good of the business. He went steadily ahead, developing quietly his plan of a union of all refiners, pledged to limit their output of oil to an allotment he should assign, to accept the freight rates he should arrange for, to buy and sell at the prices he set. It was a year before the alliance was nearly enough complete to make its power felt. By the summer of 1876 it claimed to have nine-tenths of the refiners of the country in line. At that time a situation rose in the crude oil market well calculated to help it in its intention to raise prices. This was a falling off in the production of crude oil. By March of 1876 there was strong confidence that the price of crude oil must advance. By June the Oil City Derrick began to prophesy “$3 oil" and to advise the oil men to hold their crude for that price. In August $3 was reached on the Oil City exchange. It had been nearly four years since that price had been paid for oil. Four years before $3 had seemed to the oil men a starvation price, but now it seemed a for-

  tune, and the day that point was reached on the exchange (August 25) the brokers fairly went mad. Of course refined oil went up steadily with crude. Refined reached 2 if cents in New York the day of this boom at Oil City. The day following, the advance in crude between the time the exchange opened and closed was over 55 cents. Refined in New York advanced in accordance with the market on the Creek, closing at 24 cents. This went on for several days, when a new element in the situation began to force itself on the oil men’s attention. One of the chief reasons on which they based their confidence in high prices for crude oil was the fact that the foreigners were short of refined oil. It was the custom then, as now, for exporters to buy their oil for the winter European trade in the late summer and early fall. When the boom began the harbor of New York was beginning to fill up with ships for cargoes; but, to the consternation of the oil men intent on keeping up the boom, the exporters were refusing to buy. They were declaring the price to which refined had risen to be out of proportion to the price of crude. More, they declared the latter a speculative price—only once, they argued, had it touched $4 on exchange, and the refiners were not buying at that price for manufacture. They were holding their oil too high. It was early in September when the realization came upon the Oil Regions that a new element was in the problem—a veritable blockade in exports. As the days went on they saw that this was no temporary affair. They saw that Mr. Rockefeller’s combination was at last carrying out just what it had been organized to do—forcing the price it wanted for refined. Day after day refined was held at 26 cents. Day after day the exporters refused to buy. It was not until the end of September, in fact, that they began to yield—as it was inevitable they should do, for the game was certainly in the hands of the refiners and Europe had to have its light. The exporters began to see, too, that if they held off longer they might have to pay higher prices, for it was rumored that the Standard combination was shutting down its factories, literally making refined scarce, while crude oil was piling up in Pennsylvania !

    With the yielding of the exporters exactly what they feared occurred—the price was raised ! The exporters balked again. The matter began to attract public attention.
 [pgbrk] I DA M. TARBELL

 537

 The New York Herald was particularly active in airing the situation and did not hesitate to denounce it as a “Petroleum Plot.” The leaders were interviewed, among them Mr. Rockefeller. Mr. Rockefeller still held to his theory that to make oil dear was worthy of public approval. They had aimed to control the price of oil in a perfectly legitimate way, he told the Herald reporter, and the exporters would have to yield to their prices. By the end of October New York harbor was full of vessels—a mute protest against the corner—and it was not until November that the exporters fully gave in and began to take all the oil they could get at prices asked, which ranged from 26 to 35 cents. And these prices were held throughout the winter of 1876-77, up to February 22.

   The winter’s work was a great one for the Standard combination. It not only demonstrated that Mr. Rockefeller was correct in his theory that the way to make oil dear was to refuse to sell it cheap, but not since the coup of 1872, with the South Improvement Company, had Mr. Rockefeller reaped such rewards. The profits were staggering. One of the leading gentlemen in this pretty affair told the writer once that he had sold one cargo at 35 cents a gallon, oil which cost him on board the ship a trifle under 10 cents. Today £ a cent profit a gallon is considered large on export oil. The Standard Oil Company of Ohio had always paid a good dividend* but the year of this raid, 1877, it surpassed all bounds. On a capitalization of $3,500,000 it paid $3,248,650.01, only a fraction less than 100 per cent. One of its stockholders, the late Samuel Andrews, when on the witness stand in 1879, said they might have paid the dividend twice over and had money to spare.

   The profits were great, but notice the forces set in motion by this coup. The exporters were angry. The buyers in Europe were angry. If the Americans are going to force up prices in this way, they said, we will not buy their refined oil. We will import their crude and refine it ourselves. We will go back to shale oil. A first result, then, of this attempt to hold prices up to a point conspicuously out of proportion to the raw product was that the exports of illuminating

   ♦According to the statement of the Standard Oil Company, made in a suit for taxes brought by the State of Pennsylvania in 1881, it declared dividends as follows: In 1873, year ending the first Monday in November, $347,610.00; in 1874, $358,60^.00; in 1876 (the capital stock was raised from two and a half millions to three and a halt millions in 1875), $514,230.00; in 1876, $501,285.00; in 1877, $3,248,650.01; in 1878, $875,000.00; in 1879, $3,150,000.00; in 1880, $1,050,000.00.

 oil fell off—they were less by a million gallons in 1878 than in 1877. In the United States the market was threatened in the same way. There had been much trouble in the years just preceding these events with extortionate prices for gas—particularly in New York and Brooklyn. Illuminating oil was scf much cheaper that it had been largely substituted, but this artificial forcing of the oil market in 1876-77 caused a threat to return the next year to gas.

   The effect on the refiners who were operating with Mr. Rockefeller in running arrangements was decidedly bad. Each refiner was under bonds to use only a certain percentage of his capacity and to shut down entirely if Mr. Rockefeller said so. Scofield, Schur-mer and Teagle, independents of Cleveland, who had yielded to the attractiveness of Mr. Rockefeller’s scheme and had gone into a running arrangement with him to limit their output, made $2.52 a barrel on their oil from July, 1876, to July, 1877! They had been satisfied with 34 cents profit a barrel the year before. Since making oil paid so well why not make more ? Why keep their allotment down to exactly 85,000 barrels, as they had agreed, when they were prepared to make 180,000? They did not. They put out a few extra thousand barrels each year. Others did the same. It was, of course, fatal to the “good of the oil business.” Not only did these profits tempt many refiners to overrun their allotment, the few independents left profited by the prices and increased their plants, the great Empire Trans-portation Company combined refineries with its pipe-lines as Mr. Rockefeller was adding pipe-lines to his refineries. Thus competition was stimulated.

   The effect on the men who produced oil was, of course, bad. They had found it impossible at any time, while the refined was kept so high, to force crude up to a corresponding point, though every effort was made. The producers threatened to combine and refine their own oil. When the Empire Transportation Company went into refining, the producers heartily favored the movement and throughout the next year a severe competition kept prices down. The Empire was finally wiped out; the producers, aroused by this failure, combined against the Standard in one of the greatest associations they ever had. From 1878 to 1880 they fought continuously to restore competition. They secured the introduction into Congress
            
 [pgbrk]    538      THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

of a bill to regulate interstate commerce; they fought for more drastic laws against railroad discrimination in the state of Pennsylvania ; they persuaded the state to prosecute the Pennsylvania Railroad for discrimination ; they indicted Mr. Rockefeller and eight of his colleagues for criminal conspiracy; and they supported by money and influence a scheme for a seaboard pipe-line connected with the independent refineries.

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1876 to 1880

   Fragment of chart showing decline in margin after the coup of 1 876-1 877, caused by alliance of independent oil men and the success of the first seaboard pipe-line.
   
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            <div type="articles"><ab>
                

    If one will look at the chart he will see graphically the effect on Mr. Rockefeller’s ambition of this fundamentally sound independent movement. The margin between crude and refined, thrust up to over 20 cents by the combination of 1876, fell rapidly under the combined efforts of the independents, through 1877, 1878, and 1879. In the latter year it touched 5 cents for the first time in the history of the business. Competition resulting in economies, in a revolutionizing transportation invention — the seaboard pipe-line—in a greatly extended foreign market—brought down this margin in 1879, nothing else.

   Those who have read this history know what became of the competitive movement of these years of 1877-79. They remember how the producers’ movement compromised its suits and abandoned its efforts for interstate commerce regulation. They remember too, how, just before the great seaboard

   pipe-line project was proved to be a success, all but one of the independent refineries were, by one means or another, persuaded to sell or to combine with the Standard, leaving the Tidewater without an outlet for its oil. Before the end of 1879 the Standard claimed 95 per cent, of the refining business. Now examine the chart for the effect on the price of oil in 1880, of this doing away with competition—another sudden uplift of the price of refined, this time without the excuse of a rise or probable rise in crude. For three years oil had not been sold so high as it was in 1880, when the exporters began to take on their winter’s supply.* But this time the exporters were less pliant. The performance of 1876 and 1877 was not forgotten in Europe. In 1879 the exporters and buyers from all the great foreign markets had met in Bremen in an indignation meeting over

  *An interesting contemporary account of this coup of 1880 and the way in which it was managed is found in the excellent monthly “Petroleum Trade Report,” published by John C. Welch. It is dated November, 1880, and headed “Very Sharp Practice.”

  “ There is made each day in New York what is known as an official quotation for refined oil; this official quotation being made as a matter of convenience in cabling the price of refined oil throughout the world. Refined oil not being sold at an open board it is sometimes difficult to quote it accurately, but by having an 1 official quotation ’ this can be quoted and the difficulty is supposed to be, in a measure at least, remedied. The 1 official quotation ’ is made by three petroleum brokers appointed by the Produce Exchange for that purpose, who meet each day after exchange hours for the purpose of establishing it. There is one party, and one party only, that have very large lots to sell, and so important a position do they hold in the business that their prices are ordinarily the market. Of course to make transactions their prices and buyers’ prices have to come together, and transactions establish a market much better than prices offered to buy or sell at but without transactions. At many times, if the Standard do not sell there are no transactions and, consequently, the Standard’s asking rice is leaned upon to establish an official quotation. During eptember the official quotation went up from 9% cents to 11% cents, with comparatively little demand, as the foreign stocks were large, and very little oil was required to supply the world’s wants. The upward movement was, consequentlv, urely arbitrary. Arbitrary prices are, however, a part of tfie tanaard’s every-day life and I am not taking at this time any exception to them. All through October and up to November 13, the official quotation was 12 cents, or sometimes a little over and sometimes a little under, and as this price did not meet the views of buyers to but slight extent the Standard were supposed to be exercising a Roman virtue in not selling. Twelve cents continued as the official quotation to November 13, without any wavering, but from the 13th to the 18th, while 112 cents asked by refiners’ continued in the quotation, such sentences as these were included at different dates : 1 Other lots obtainable at 11 cents.’ ‘Sales at 10^ cents, offered at that.’ ‘Other lots obtainable at irregular prices, from 10 to \o% cents.’ On November 18 the quotation was ‘ 10 to 12 cents.’ I give the following quotation of the New York refined market as published in my Oil City daily report of November 11. ‘The New York market yesterday closed, secretly offered and unsaleable at 11 cents, and probably at 11cents by resales and outside refiners, and likely by Standard, though they openly ask 12.’ ”

  The point that seems apparent is that the official quotation of 12 cents ceased to be an honest quotation a considerable time before it was abandoned. The committee making the quotation can probably justify their position by the custom of the trade of regarding the prices the Standard openly ask as the market, nevertheless they, and the Produce Exchange whom they represent, were the bulwark from behind which the Standard were able to get off their hot shot against the consuming trade in the United States and the consuming trade in Europe, who all this time were buying Standard oil on the basis of 12 cents at New York, the supplies at the time being drawn from their stock in Europe and from their various depots in the United States.

 
 [pgbrk] IDA M. TARBELL

539

the way the Standard was handling the oil business. Remonstrances came from the consuls at Antwerp and Bremen to our State Department, concerning even the quality of oil which had been sent to Europe by the Standard. John C. Welch, who was abroad in 1879, was told by a prominent Antwerp merchant :    “ I am of the opinion

that if the petroleum business continues to be conducted as it has been in the past in Europe, it will go to smash.”*

   The attempt to repeat in 1880 what had been done in 1876, failed.

The exports of illuminating oil that year fell much below what they had been the year before.

In 1879 three hundred and sixty-five million gallons of refined oil were exported—in 1880, only two hundred and eighty-six million gallons. Exports of crude, on the contrary, rose from about twenty-eight million gallons to nearly thirty-seven million gallons. The foreigners could export and refine their own oil cheaper than they could buy from Mr. Rockefeller. Competition was after him too, for the Tidewater, whose refineries he had cut off, had stored their oil, built new plants, and weie again ready to compete in the market.

   This third corner of the oil market seems to have convinced Mr. Rockefeller and his colleagues at last that, however great the fun and profits of making oil very dear, in the long run it does not pay ; that it weakens markets and stimulates competition. Again and again the effect of the experiences of 1872, 1876, and 1880 crops out in the testimony of Standard officials. Mr. Benjamin Brewster once said to a Federal investigating committee, which had asked if the Standard could not fix the price of oil as it wished: “At the moment many things may be done, but the reaction is like a relapse of typhoid fever. The Standard Oil Company can never afford to sell goods dear. The people would go to dipping tallow candles in the old-fashioned way if we got the price too high.” The after effects of the first great raids then were salutary. The Standard learned the limitations set on monopolies by certain great economic laws.

   But if the Standard Oil Company learned

  * Report of Hepburn Committee, 1879.

in its first attempts to raise the price of oil, that they could not in the long run afford to make from 100 to 350 per cent., they by no means gave up their attempt to keep their control and to hold up profits as high as they could without injuring the market or inviting too strong competition.

   If one will look at the chart showing the fluctuations from 1879, when control was achieved, to the beginning of 1889, one will find that for ten years the margin between refined oil and crude never fell below the point reached by competitive influences in the former year, though frequently it rose considerably above. Yet it is in this period that the Standard did all its great work in extending markets, in developing byproducts, and in introducing the small and varied economies on which it rests its claim to be a great public benefactor. The first eight years of its existence had been spent in bold and relentless warfare on its competitors. Competition practically out of the way, it set all its great energies to developing what it had secured. In this period it brought into line the foreign markets and aided in increasing the exports of illuminating oil from 365,000,000 gallons in 1879 to

455.000.000 in 1888; of lubricating from

3.000.000 to 24,000,000, and yet this great

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1879 to 1889

     Fragment of chart showing how margin reached in 1879 by competition was raised and sustained for ten years under the monopoly achieved by the Standard Oil Company in 1880. The sudden rise in refined in fall of 1880 was a purely arbitrary price. Notice that crude was stationary at the time.
     
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 [pgbrk]  540

THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

  extension of the volume of business profited the consumer nothing. In this period it laid hands on the idea of the Tidewater, the long distance pipe-lines for transporting crude oil, and so rid itself practically of the railroads, and yet this immense economy profited the public nothing. In spite of the immense development of this system and the enormous economies it brought about—a system so important that Mr. Rockefeller himself has said, “The entire oil business is dependent upon this pipe-line system. Without it every well would shut down and every foreign market would be closed to us”—the margins never fell the fraction of a cent from 1879 to 1889. In this period, too, the by-products of oil were enormously increased. The waste, formerly as much as 10 per cent, of the crude product, was reduced until practically all of the oil is worked up by the Standard people, and yet, in spite of the extension of by-products between 1879 and 1889, the margin never went below the point competition had forced it to in 1879.

    The enormous profits which came to the Standard in these ten years by keeping out competition are evident if we consider for a moment the amount of business done. The exports of illuminating oil in this period were nearly five billions of galtons ; of this the Standard handled well towards 90 per cent. Consider what sums lay in the ability to hold up the price on such an amount even an eighth of a cent a gallon. Combine this control of the price of refined oil with the control over the crude product, the ability to depress the market for purchasing, an ability used most carefully, but most constantly ; add to this the economies and development Mr. Rockefeller’s able and energetic machine was making, and the great profits of the Standard Oil Trust between

  1879 and 1889 are easily explained. In 1879, on a capital of $3,500,000, the Standard Oil Company paid $3,150,000 dividends; in

  1880 it paid $1,050,000. In 1882 it capitalized itself at $70,000,000. In 1885, three years later, its net earnings were over $8,000,000 ; in 1886, over $15,000,000; in 1888, over $16,000,000; in 1889, nearly $15,000,000. In the meantime the net value of its holdings had increased from $72,000,000 in 1883 to over $101,000,000. While the Standard was making these great sums, the men who produced the oil saw their property depreciating and the value of their oil actually eaten

  up every two years by the prices the Standard charged for gathering and storing it.

    But to return to the chart. With the beginning of 1889 the margin begins to fall. This is so in spite of a rising crude line. It would look as if the Standard Oil Company had suddenly had a change of heart. In the report of that year’s business made to the trustees of the Standard Oil Trust, an elaborate and interesting calculation was presented. According to this the margin between the crude and finished product handled by the Standard Oil Company had been reduced .301 of a cent, and it was estimated that $2,697,000 had been saved to the consumer by this falling of the margin. “We have, therefore,” said the report, “continued to make good the claim that the Standard has heretofore maintained of cheapening the cost of the products to the consumers by giving them the benefits of the saving in costs effected by consolidation of interests.” This certainly sounds just— even philanthropic. It is exactly what the consumer claims is his due ; to have a share of the economies which undoubtedly may be effected by such complete and intelligent consolidation as Mr. Rockefeller has effected.

    But was it combination that caused this falling of the margin ? As a matter of fact this lowering of the margin was the direct result of competition. In 1888 a German firm, located in New York City, erected large oil plants in Rotterdam and Bremerhaven. They put up storage tanks at each place of

  90,000  barrels capacity. They also established a storage depot of 30,000 barrels at Mannheim, and took steps to extend their supply stations in Germany and Switzerland. They built tank steamers in order to ship their oil in bulk. These oil importers allied themselves with certain independent refiners and interested themselves also in the cooperative movement which the producers of Pennsylvania were striving to get into operation at this time. (Readers of the article on the Independent Oil Movement, in the June number of this magazine, will recall the fact that throughout 1888 and 1889 such a movement was agitated.) The extent of the undertaking threatened serious competition. In the same year imports of Russian oil into the markets of Western Europe began for the first time to assume serious proportions (see foot note, page 542). Prices of export oil immediately fell. There was nothing in the world that gave oil consumers the
 [pgbrk] IDA M. TARBELL

541

  benefit of the Standard’s savings by economies in 1889 but the competition threatened by Russia and the American and German independent alliance.

    Follow the lines a little farther. Notice how, in 1892, the price of refined oil begins to fall although crude is stationary. Notice how the refined line remains steady throughout 1893 and 1894 although the crude line steadily rises. This went on for nearly three years until there was a margin of only three cents between crude and refined oil. The barrel which is always reckoned in the official quotations of export refined oil costs 21/2 cents per gallon and the price of manufac-
    
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                1890 to 1904

       Fragment of chart showing relation between crude and refined oil in last fourteen years. Notice effect on margin from 1890 to 1894 of rise of strong competitive forces. Notice also how margin between price of crude and of domestic oil increased in winter of 1903-1904 during coal famine.

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 turing is usually put at ^ a cent. The cost of transporting the oil was not covered by the margin the greater part of the year 1894. Now the Standard Oil Company were not selling oil at a loss at this time out of love for the consumers, although they made enough money in 1894 on by-products and domestic oil to have done so—their net earnings were over $15,000,000 in 1894 and they reckoned an increase in net value of property of over $4,000,000—they were fighting the independent combination started in 1889. By 1892 this combination was in active operation. The extent of this movement was described in the last article of this series. At the same time certain large producers in the McDonald oil field built a

 pipe-line from Pittsburg to Baltimore, the Crescent line, and began to ship crude oil to France in great quantities. It looked as if both combinations meant to do business, and the Standard set out to get them out of the way. One method they took was to prevent the refiners in the combination making any money on export oil.

   After two years they gave it up. It was too expensive. The Crescent line sold to them but the other independents were too plucky. They had lost money for two years but they were still hanging on like grim death, and the Standard concluded to concentrate their attacks on other points of

  the combination rather than on this export market where it was costing them so much.

    About the end of 1894 the depression of export oil was abandoned, as the chart shows. Notice that from 1895 t0 1898 the margin re-mained at about 4 cents, that in 1900 it rose to 6 cents and from that time to the present (June, 1904) it has swung between 4 1/2 and 5. The increasing competition in Western Europe of independent American oils and the rapid rise since 1895 particularly of Russian oil, are what has kept this margin down. It is doubtful, such is the growing strength of these various competitive forces, if the Standard Oil Trust will ever be able to put up the margin on export oils. If there were only the American independents to reckon with a
 [pgbrk]   

542 THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

compromise might be possible, but Russia, Burmah, and Sumatra are all in the game.* For the Standard there is good profit in this margin of 4 1/2 cents for export oil. The expenses the margin must cover are the transportation of the crude from the wells to New York, the cost of manufacture, the barrel, and the loading. For twenty-five years the published charge by the Standard Oil Company for gathering oil from the wells has been 20 cents a barrel. The charge for bringing it to New York has been 40 cents, a little less than 1 1/2 cents a gallon. It costs, by rough calculation, 1/2 a cent to make the oil and load it. The barrel is usually reckoned at 2 1/2 cents. Here are 4 1/2 cents for expenses—the entire margin. Where the Standard has the advantage is in its ownership of oil transportation. A common carrier gathering and transporting in 1902 all but perhaps 10,000 barrels of the 150,000 barrels’ daily production of Eastern oil, the service for which the outsider pays 60 cents, costs it from 10 to 12 cents at the most liberal estimate. Here is over a cent saved on a gallon, and a cent saved where millions of gallons are in question, makes not only great profits but keeps down competition. The refiner who to-day must pay the Standard rates for transportation cannot compete in export oil with them. In January of the present year, when the chart shows the margin to have been about 4J cents, an independent refiner in the state of Ohio, dependent on the Standard for oil, gave the writer a detailed statement of costs and sell-

ing prices of products in his refinery. According to his statement he lost 1 3/5 cents on his export oil. He was forced, of course, to pay Standard transportation prices for crude and railroad charges for refined from Ohio to New York harbor. J

That there would have been such a transportation situation to-day had it not been for the discrimination by the railways, which threw the pipes into the Standard’s hands in the first place, and the long story of aggression by which the Standard has kept out rival pipes, and so been able for twenty-five years to sustain the price for transportation is of course evident. To-day, as thirty years ago, it is transportation advantages, unfairly won, which gives the Standard Oil Company its hold. It is not only on transportation, that the Standard to-day has great advantages over the independent refiner in the export market. As said at the beginning of this article, the Standard Oil Company “makes the price of refined oil”—within strict limits. Of course, making the market, it has all the advantages of the “inside track.” Its transactions can be carried on in anticipation of the rise or fall. For instance, in January of the present year, when there were strong fluctuations in the water white (150° test) prices, the agent of an independent refiner, who was in Wall Street trying to keep track of markets for out-of-town competitors, reported the price as 9.20 cents a gallon. The refiner’s goods were re-fused on the ground that this was above the market. The Standard Oil export man and a broker who worked with the company were consulted. The market was 9.20. Further investigation, however, showed that at headquarters the figure given out privately was 8.70 cents. The disadvantage of the outsider in disposing of his goods is obvious. The Standard makes the official market. The situation seems to be the same in practice as in 1880 (see foot note, page 538), though now the fiction of a committee of brokers has been done away with. Of course there is nothing else to be expected when one body of men control a market.

Thus far the illustrations of Mr. Rockefeller’s use of his power over the oil market have been drawn from export oil. It is the only market for which “official ” figures can be obtained for the entire period and it is the mar-

*The competition of the first is the most serious. Russian oil has for thirty years been a possible menace to American petroleum, for the wonderful fields on the Caspian were known long before oil was “struck” in Pennsylvania. They did not begin to be exploited in a way to threaten competition until late in the eighties. In 1885 consuls at European ports began to report its appearance—50 barrels were landed at Bremen that year as against 180,855 American oil. In this year, too, the first Russian oil went to Asia Minor where “ Pratt” oil had long held sway. The first cargo reported at Antwerp was in March, 1886. In April, 1890, the consul at Rotterdam, in calling attention to the independent American competition, said of Russian oil : “It is no longer a serious competitor for the petroleum trade of Western Continental Europe.” The consul said that while the American oil shipments to the five principal continental ports was fully 4,000,000 barrels per year, that of Russian was less than a tenth of that number. However, a growth of 400,000 barrels in five years was something, and the Standard Oil Trust was the last to underestimate such a growth. By 1896 Russia was exporting 210,000,000 gallons of petroleum products (America in that year exported over 931,-000,000 gallons), and these products were going to nearly every part of Europe and Asia. They began to cut heavily into the trade of the Standard in China, India, Great Britain, and France. By 1899 the exports of Russian oil were over 347,000,000 gallons; in 1901, over 428,000,000 gallons. In China, India, and Great Britain, particularly, has the Russian competition increased. While at one time the Standard Oil Company had almost the entire oil trade at the port of Calcutta, last year, 1903, out of 91 1/2 million gallons imported only about 7 1/2 million gallons were of American oil. In China, Sumatra oil is now ahead of American, the report last year being American, 31,060,527 gallons ; Sumatra, 39,859,508.

It costs the Cleveland refiner .64 of a cent a gallon to bring oil in bulk from the oil regions to his refinery, and 1.44 cents per gallon to send it refined in bulk to New York.

 [pgbrk] IDA M. TARBELL

543

 ket usually quoted in studying the movement of prices. 11 is of this grade of oil that the largest percentage of product is obtained in distilling petroleum. For instance, in distilling Pennsylvania crude 52 per cent, is standard white or export oil, 22 per cent, water white—the higher grade commonly used in this country—13 per cent, naphtha,

 10 per cent, tar, 3 per cent. loss. The runs vary with different oils, and different refiners turn out different products. The water white oils, while they cost the same to produce, sell from two to three cents higher. The naphtha costs the same to make as export oil but sells at a higher price, and many refiners have pet brands for which, through some marketing trick, they get a fancy price. The Standard Oil Company has a great number of fancy brands of both illuminating and lubricating oils, for which they get large prices—although often the oil itself comes from the same barrel as the ordinary grade. Now it is from the extra price obtained from naphtha, water white, fancy brands, and by-products that the independent refiner makes up for his loss on export oil and the Standard Oil Trust raises its dividends to 48 per cent. The independent refiner quoted above, who in January of this year lost if cents on export oil, made enough on other products to clear 8 3/10 cents a barrel on his output—$83 a day clear on a refinery of

 1,000  barrels capacity, which represents an investment of $150,000.

   Turn now to the price of domestic oil and examine the chart to see if we have fared as well as the exporters. The line C on the chart represents the price per gallon in New York City of 150° water white oil in barrels from the beginning of 1881 to June, 1904.* The figures used are those of the Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter. A glance at the chart is enough to show that the home market has suffered more violent, if less frequent, fluctuations than the export market. A suggestive observation for the consumer is the effect of a rise in crude on the price of domestic oil. The refined line usually rises two or three points to every one of the crude line. It is interesting to note, too, how frequently high domestic prices are made to offset low export prices ; thus, in 1889, when the Standard was holding export

 011 low to fight competition in Europe it kept up domestic oil. The same thing is

   * Trustworthy and regular quotations are not to be obtained earlier than 1881.

happening to-day. We are helping pay for the Standard’s fight with Russian, Roumanian and Asiatic oils. But this line, while it shows what the New York trade has paid, is a poor guide for the country as a whole. Domestic oil indeed has no regular price. Go back as far as anything like trustworthy documents exist and we find the most astonishing vagaries even in the same state. For instance, in a table presented to a congressional committee in 1888, and compiled from answers to letters sent out by George Rice, the price of 110 oil in barrels in Texas ranged from 10 to 20 cents; in Arkansas, of I50° 0il in barrels, from 8 to 18 ; in Tennessee, the same oil, from 8 to 16 ; in Mississippi, the same, from 11 to 17. In the eighties prime white oil sold in barrels, wholesale, in Arkansas, all the way from 8 to 14 cents; in Illinois from 7-g- to 10; in Mississippi, from 7 1/2 to 13 1/2; in Nebraska, to 18; in South Carolina, 8 to 12J, and in Utah, 13 to 23. Freight and handling might, of course, account for one to three cents of the difference, but not more.

   A table of the wide variation in the price of oil, compiled in 1892, showed the range of price of prime white oil in the United States to be as follows :

          In barrels.......6 to 25 cents.

          In cases.........14 to 34J cents.

          In bulk..........3^  to 25 cents.

   The same wide range was found in water white oil.

     In barrels 6J to 30 cents per gallon.

     In cases.........16 to 35 cents pergallon.

     In bulk..........3^ to 29 cents pergallon.

   In 1896 an investigation of prices of oil sold from tank wagons in the different towns of Ohio, in the same week, was made and was afterwards offered as sworn testimony in a trust investigation in that state. The price per gallon ranged from 4 3/4 cents to 8 3/4 cents.

   The most elaborate investigations of oil prices ever made was that instigated by the recent Industrial Commission. In February, 1901, the Commission sent out inquiries to 5,000 retail dealers, scattered from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from the Lakes to the Gulf, asking the prices of certain commodities, among them illuminating oils. 1,578 replies were received. The tables prepared offered striking examples of the variability of prices—thus :

   In Colorado the wholesale price of illuminating oil (150° test) varied from 13 to 20 cents; in Delaware, 8 to 10; in Illinois,
 [pgbrk]   544

 THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

  6 to 10; in Alabama, 10.50 to 16; in Michigan, 5.50 to 12.25; 'n Missouri, 7.50 to 12.50 ; in Kentucky, 7 to 11.50; in Ohio, 5.50 to 9.75 ; in California, 12.50 to 20 ; in Utah, 20 to 22; in Maine, 8.25 to 12.75 (freight included in all these prices).

    The difference between the highest and the lowest prices in the same states varies from 8 cents in Oregon (12.50 to 20.50) to 1.50 in Rhode Island (8.50 to 10). Of course in the former case two or even three cents of the difference may be due to freight, but hardly more. Take adjoining states for instance. In Vermont there is a difference of 4.50 cents between the highest and lowest price of oil; in New Hampshire only 1.75. In Delaware there is a difference of 2 cents ; in Virginia of 6.

    Compare now the lowest price in different states. In Ohio and Pennsylvania oil was sold as low as 5.50; 6.50 is the lowest in New York state, 8.50 the lowest in Rhode Island, and 7 the lowest in New Jersey. In Indiana oil sells as low as 5.50, but in Kansas nothing below 8.50 is reported (the freight rate to Atchison, Kansas, from Whiting, Indiana, which supplies both of these states, is 1.7 per gallon. The freight rate from Whiting to Indianapolis is .5 per gallon).

    Not long ago there fell into the writer’s hands a sheet from one of the ledgers forming a part of the Standard Oil Company’s remarkable system of bookkeeping. This sheet gave the cost and selling price per gallon of different grades of refined oil at over a dozen stations in the same state in October, 1901. In the account of cost of oil were included net cost, freight, inspection, cost of barrels, and cost of marketing. The selling price was given and the margin of profit computed. The selling price of water white from tank wagons (it is customary for Standard tank wagons to deliver oil from their stations to local dealers) ranged from 8£ to 11^ cents, and the profit on the oil sold from the wagons varied from about £ cent to over 3 cents.

    Now, in considering these differences, liberal allowance for freight rates must be made. Something of what these allowances should be can be judged from the table of oil freights which the Industrial Commission published with its schedule of prices. From this table many interesting comparisons can be made. For instance, it costs the Standard Oil Company (if they paid the open rate their rivals did) 1.5 cents to send

  a gallon of oil from Whiting, Indiana, their supply station, to Mobile, Alabama. They sold their oil in Alabama at wholesale from 10J to 16 cents. The.net cost of this oil was under five cents in February, 1901. It cost them the same 1.5 cents to send a gallon of oil to Des Moines, Iowa (if they paid the open rate), but in Iowa they sold it from 7 to 11. The freight from Whiting to New Orleans was the same 1.5 cents, but prices in Louisiana ranged from 9 to 14 cents. According to the investigation the average wholesale price of oil, including freight, ranged from 8.27 in Pennsylvania to 25.78 in Nevada.

    Freights and handling considered, there is, it is evident, nothing like a settled price or profit for illuminating oil in the United States. Now there is no one who will not admit that it is for the good of the consumer that the normal market price of any commodity should be such as will give a fair and even profit all over the country. That is, that freights and expense of handling being considered, oil should sell at the same profit in Texas as in Ohio. That such must be the case where there is free and general competition is evident. But from the beginning of its power over the market, the Standard Oil Company has sold domestic oil at prices varying from less than the cost of the crude oil it took to make it up to a profit of 100 per cent, or more. Wherever there has been a loss, or merely what is called a reasonable profit of say 10 per cent., an examination of the tables quoted above shows conclusively it has been due to competition. The competition is not, and has not been since 1879, very great. In that year the Standard Oil Company claimed 95 per cent, of the refining interests of the country. In 1888 they claimed about 80 per cent.; in 1898, 83 per cent. This 5 to 17 per cent, of independent interest is too small to come into active competition, of course, at all points. So long as one interest handles 83 per cent, of a product it is clear that it has the trade as a whole in its hands. The competition it encounters will be local only. But it is this local competition, unquestionably, that has brought down the price of oil at various points and caused the striking variation in prices recorded in the charts of the Industrial Commission and other investigations. The writer has before her a pile of a hundred or more letters written in the eighties by dealers in twelve different states. These letters tell the effect on the prices of the introduction of an
 [pgbrk] IDA M. TARBELL

545

  independent oil into a territory formerly occupied exclusively by the Standard.

    Calvert, Tenn.—The Waters-Pierce Oil Company (Standard) so reduced the price of their oil here when mine arrived that I will have some trouble to dispose of mine.

    Chattanooga, Tenn.—.     .  . Cut the price

  of oil that had been selling at 21 cents to 17 cents.

    Pine Bluff, Arkansas.—While the merchants here would like to buy from some other than the Standard they cannot afford to take the risks of loss. We have just had an example of 100 barrels opposition oil which was brought here, which had the effect of bringing Waters-Pierce Oil Company’s oil down from 18 to 13 cents—one cent less than cost of opposition with refusal on their part to sell to any one that bought from other than their company.

    Vicksburg, Miss.—The Chess Carley Company (Standard) is now offering 1 10° oil at 9 cents to any and every one. Shall we meet their prices ? All they want is to get us out of the market, then they would at once advance price of oil.

    These are but illustrations of the entire set of letters ; prices dropped at once by Standard agents on the introduction of an independent oil. A table offered to Congress in 1888, giving the extent of their cutting in the Southwest, shows that it ranged from 14 to 220 per cent.

    Every investigation made since shows that it is the touch of the competitor which brings down the price. For instance, in the cost and profit sheet from a Standard ledger referred to above, there was one station on the list at which oil was selling at a loss. On Investigation the writer found it to be a point at which an independent jobber had seen trying to get a market. If one examines the tables of prices in the recent report of the Industrial Commission, he finds that wherever there is a low price there is competition. Thus, at Indianapolis, the only town in the state of Indiana reporting competition, the wholesale price of oil was 5J cents, although 40 out of the 53 Indiana towns reporting gave from 8 cents to 10J cents as the wholesale price per gallon. (These prices included freight. Taking Indianapolis as a center, the local freight on oil to any point in Indiana is in no case over a cent.) In April of this year inquiry showed the same striking difference between prices in Indianapolis, where six independent companies are now established, and neighboring towns to which competition has not as yet reached.

    The advent of an independent concern in

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  JOSIAH LOMBARD

    Among the dearest and most convincing testimony given in 1872 before the Committee which investigated the South Improvement Company, and again in 1879 in the investigation of the Pennsylvania Railroad by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, was that of Josiah Lombard of the refining firm of Lombard     Ayres of New York. Mr. Lombard's refinery

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  was one of the concerns which joined the ‘Tidewater Pipe Line in 1879, and it was the only one which did not sell to the Standard in its attack on that independent movement.  Mr.

  Lombard is still an active member of the Tidewater Combination.

  Morristown, New Jersey, brought down the price to grocers to 73 cents and to housewives to 10, but in the neighboring towns of Elizabeth and Plainfield, where only the Standard is reported, the grocers pay 9 cents and the housewives 12 and 11, respectively. In Akron, Ohio, where an independent company was operating at the time the investigation was made, oil was sold at wholesale at 5f cents; at Painesville, nearer Cleveland, the shipping point, at cents. In Richmond, Virginia, one dealer reported to the Commission a wholesale price of 5 cents, and added :   “A cut rate between oil companies ;

  has been selling at 9 and 10 cents.”

     In the month of April of the present year 150° oil was selling from tank wagons in Baltimore, where there is competition, at 9 cents. In Washington, where there is no competition, it sold at 10J cents, and in Annapolis (no competition) 11 cents. In Sea-ford, Delaware, the same oil sold at 8 cents
     
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 [pgbrk]   546

THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

                                           JOHN C. WELCH

   The earliest attempt to collect full and trustworthy reports of the oil trade was made by John C. Welch, who for several years published an admirable monthly—“Petroleum Trade H^eport.” Mr. Welch was a witness before the Hepburn Committee in 1879. He has always been an active and intelligent opponent of railroad discrimination and all special privileges giving corporations unfair advantages.

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  under competition. The freight rates are practically the same to all these points. And so one might go on indefinitely, showing how the introduction of an independent oil has always reduced the price. As a rule, the appearance of the oil has led to a sharp contest or “oil war” at which, not infrequently, both sides have sold at a loss. The Standard being able to stand a loss indefinitely, usually won out.

     An interesting local “oil war” which occurred in 1896 and 1897 in New York and Philadelphia, figured in the reports of the Industrial Commission, and illustrates very well the usual influence on Standard prices of the incoming of competition. On March 20, 1896, the Pure Oil Company put 3 tank wagons into New York City. The Standard’s price of water white oil from tank wagons that day was 9 1/2 cents and the Pure Oil Company followed it. In less than a week the Standard had cut to 8 cents* along the route of the Pure Oil Company wagons. In April the price was cut to 7 cents. By

                                 * Report of Industrial Commission, Volume I, page 365.

  December, 1896, it had fallen to 6 cents; by December, 1897, to 5.4. It is true that crude oil was falling at this time, but the fall in water white was out of all proportion. For, while between the price of refined on March 20 and the average price of refined in April, there was a fall of 2\ cents, in crude there was a fall of but four-tenths of a cent. Refined fell from 7 cents in April to 6 cents in May, and crude fell one-tenth of a cent. Mr. John D. Archbold, in answering the figures given by the Pure Oil Company to the Industrial Commission, accused them of “carelessness” and gave the average monthly price of crude and refined to show that no such glaring discrepancy had taken place. Mr. Archbold gives the average price in March, for instance, as 7.98 and in April as 7.31 cents. However, his price is the average to “all the trade of Greater New York and its vicinity,” whereas the prices of the Pure Oil Company are those they met in their limited competition. As Professor Jenks remarked at the examination, “ It might easily be, therefore, that your (Standard) average price would be what you had given, and that to a good many special customers with whom the Pure Oil Company was trying to deal it could be 5 1/2 cents.” That this was the fact seems to be proved by the quotations for water white oil from tank wagons, which were published from week to week in trade journals like the Oil, Paint and Drug Reporter. These prices show 9 7/8 cents for water white on March 21, and an average of 9.4 cents in April. Evidently only a part of the trade of “all Greater New York and vicinity” got the benefit of averages quoted to the Industrial Commission by Mr. Archbold.

    If competition persists the result usually has been permanently lower prices than in territory where competition has been run out or has never entered. For instance, why should oil be sold to a dealer at nearly 4 cents more on an average in Kansas than in Kentucky, when the freight from Whiting to Kansas is only a cent more ? For no reason except that in Kentucky there has been persistent competition for twenty-five years and in Kansas none has ever secured a solid foothold. Why should Colorado pay an average of 16.90 cents for oil per gallon and California 14.60 cents, when the freight from Whiting differs but one-tenth of one cent ? For no reason except that a few years ago competition was driven from Colorado and in California it still exists.
    
     [pgbrk] 
    
     IDA M. TARBELL

  547

    Indeed, any consecutive study of the Standard Oil Company’s use of its power over the price of either export or domestic oil must lead to the conclusion that it has always been used to the fullest extent possible without jeopardizing it; that we have always paid more for our refined oil than we would have done if there had been free competition. But why should we expect anything else? This is the chief object of combinations. Certainly the candid members of the Standard Oil Company would be the last men to argue that they give the public any more of the profits they may get by combination than they can help. One of the ablest and frankest of them, H. H. Rogers, when before the Industrial Commission in 1899, was asked how it happened that in twenty years the Standard Oil Company had never cheapened the cost of gathering and transporting oil in pipe-Iines by the least fraction of a cent ; that it cost the oil producer just as much now as it did twenty years ago to get his oil taken away from the wells and to transport it to New York. And Mr. Rogers answered with delightful candor:      “We are not in

  business for our health, but are out for the dollars.”

    Mr. J. D. Archbold was asked at the same time if it were not true that, by virtue of its great power, the Standard Oil Company was enabled to secure prices that, on the whole, were above those under competition, and Mr. Archbold said : “Well, I hope so.”

    But these are frank answers, perhaps surprised out of the gentlemen. The able and wary president of the great concern, Mr. J. D. Rockefeller, is more cautious in his admissions. On the witness stand in 1888 he was forced to admit, after some skilful evasion, that the control the Standard Oil Company had of prices was such that they could raise or lower them at will. “But,” added Mr. Rockefeller, “we would not do it.” The context seems to imply that Mr. Rockefeller felt that it would not be right so to use his power! The student is certainly justified in questioning whether a man who signed the South Improvement Company charter can expect the public to place much confidence in an assurance that he would not misuse a power gained in the way his has been gained.

    For many of the world it is a matter of little moment, no doubt, whether oil sells for 8 or 12 cents a gallon. It becomes a tragic matter sometimes, however, as two years ago

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                                                 JOSEPH SEEP

    For many years the oil-buying of the Standard Oil Trust has been in the bands of an agency whose bead is Joseph Seep. The National Transit Company—the Standard pipe-line—collects and transports all but about ten per cent, of the oil of the Eastern fields. This oil goes at once into the bands of the "Seep Agency, ’' cash or certificates being issued for it. Although nominally independent, the Seep Agency is really a Standard concern. Standing as be docs, between the Standard and the producer, Mr. Seep’s position has always been one of great delicacy, and be has filled it with a tact and consideration which has made him one of the most respected men in Standard circles.
    
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  when in the coal famine, the poor, deprived of coal, depended on oil for heat. In January, 1903, oil was sold to dealers from tank wagons in New York city at 11 cents a gallon. That oil cost the independent refiner, who paid full transportation charges and marketed at the cost of a cent a gallon, not over 6.4 cents. It cost the Standard Oil Company probably a cent less. That such a price could prevail under free competition is of course impossible. Throughout this hard winter of 1902-1903 the price of refined oil advanced. It was claimed that this was due to the advance in crude, but the advance in every case was considerably more than that of crude. Indeed, a careful comparative study of oil prices shows that the Standard almost always advances the refined market a good many more points than it does the crude market. The chart shows this. While this has been the rule, there are exceptions, of course, as when a rate war is on. Thus,
 [pgbrk] 548

 THE HISTORY OF THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY

  in the spring of the present year, the severe competition in England of the Shell Transportation Company and of Russian oil caused the Standard to drop export refined considerably more than crude. But, as the chart shows, domestic oil has been kept up.

    As a result of the Standard’s power over prices, not only does the consumer pay more for oil where competition has not reached or has been killed, but this power is used steadily and with consummate skill to make it hard for men to compete in any branch of the oil business. This series of articles has been but a rehearsal of the operations practised by the Standard Oil Company to get rid of competition. It was to get rid of competition that the South Improvement Company was formed. It was to get rid of competition that the oil-carrying railroads were bullied or persuaded or bribed into unjust discriminations. It was to get rid of competition that the Empire Transportation Company, one of the finest transportation companies ever built up in this country, was wrested from the hands of the men who had developed it. It was to get rid of competition that war was made on the Tidewater Pipe Line, the Crescent Pipe Line, the United States Pipe Line, not to mention a number of similar smaller enterprises. It was to get rid of competition that the Standard’s spy system was built up, its oil wars instituted, all its perfect methods for making it hard for rivals to do business developed.

    The most curious feature perhaps of this question of the Standard Oil Company and the price of oil is that there are still people who believe that the Standard has made oil cheap! Men look at this chart and recall that back in the late sixties and seventies they paid 50 and 60 cents a gallon for oil, which now they pay 12 and 15 cents for. This, then, they say, is the result of the combination. They do not know the meaning of the variation of the price line, that it was forced down from 1866 to 1876, when Mr. Rockefeller’s first effective combination was secured by competition, and driven up in 1876 and 1877 by the stopping of competition ; that it was driven down from 1877 to 1879 by the union of all sorts of competitive forces—producers, independent refiners, the developing of an independent seaboard pipeline—to a point lower than it had ever been before. They forget that when these

  opposing forces were overcome, and the Standard Oil Company was at last supreme, for ten years oil never fell a point below the margin reached by competition in 1879, though frequently it rose. They forget that in 1889, when for the first time in ten years the margin between crude and refined oil began to fall, it was the rise of American independent interests that did it.

    To believe that the Standard Oil combination, or any other similar aggregation, would lower prices except under the pressure of the competition they were trying to kill, argues an amazing gullibility. Human experience long ago taught us that if we allowed a man or a group of men autocratic powers in Government or Church they used that power to oppress and defraud the public. For centuries the struggle of the nations has been to obtain stable government with fair play to the masses. To obtain this we have hedged our kings and emperors and presidents about with a thousand constitutional restrictions. It has not been possible for us to allow even the Church, inspired by religious ideals, to have the full power it has demanded in society. And yet we have here in the United States allowed men practically autocratic powers in commerce. We have allowed them special privileges in transportation, bound in no great length of time to kill their competitors, though the spirit of our laws and the charters of the transportation lines forbade these privileges. We have allowed them to combine in great interstate aggregations for which we have provided no form of charter or of publicity, although human experience long ago decided that men united in partnerships, companies, or corporations for business purposes must have their powers defined and be subject to a reasonable inspection and publicity. As a natural result of these extraordinary powers, we see, as in the case of the Standard Oil Company, the price of a necessity of life within the control of a group of nine men, as able, as energetic, and as ruthless in business operations as any nine men the world has ever seen combined. They have exercised their power over prices with almost preternatural skill. It has been their most cruel weapon in stifling competition, a sure means of reaping usurious dividends, and, at the same time, a most persuasive argument in hoodwinking the public.

(To be concluded)

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 [pgbrk] "when Martin became conscious at sunset time, there were her violets'"

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           THE CHUMP

       BY CHARLES FLEMING EMBREE

                          AUTHOR OF “bRINEr’s WHEAT,” ETC.

                ILLUSTRATED BY LUCIUS WOLCOTT HITCHCOCK

   I

                   THROUGHOUT his schooldays they called him a chump, and later on, though they did not use the word, they still thought of him as one. Martin P. Hodge, in coarse gray and odd square shoes, entered the high school conscious of occupying that place in the eyes of his fellows. He accepted the appellation. There are worse things than chumps, said he.

    Even at twelve years of age, when he first wore white collars much too large and of that appearance called “country,” when his hands were beginning to grow heavy, his eyes calm, and his jaw was becoming massive, even then he loved Isabel Hayden, who had begun, so young, to take Latin ahead of her class and to enter into the high school room a half-hour each day to recite it. But, Isabel’s father being a judge, she was the furthest removed from a chump ; a slender
 [pgbrk] 550

THE CHUMP

thing, intellectual and sweet, who at eleven years of age had sung once, daintily, as Martin went by :

  “Chumpy—chumpy—chumpy.”

  But immediately she became too old, too bright, and too good to call out such things.

  His parents died when he was in the second year of the high school, and, being left penniless, he took up his books, walked to the high school door (still being very “country’' in

appearance), turned, gazed long on Isabel, and went away.

   A certain grocery keeper on the south side of the square, one Black, would now employ Martin. The youth went into that store and observed to Black :

   “I’m here.”

   Black showed him a hole under the stairs, away at the back of the store, where there was a straw mattress. Here slept Martin P. Hodge for seven years, during which time

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“ There was then revealed the complete paraphernalia of a gambling den”
 [pgbrk] "she went in and came to the hole under the stairs”

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his salary, originally ten dollars a month, increased.

   There was no such thing as “coming out ” in Princeton. Girls seldom made a formal debut; everything flowed on with more simplicity. Isabel gave parties, and went to them, a tall, slender, intellectual girl, sweet and serious ; but Martin P. Hodge was of the under-sea, and nobody ever invited him. This did not grieve him ; he looked on and

pondered. He drove the grocery wagon ; at times tramped, with heavy shoes and red hands of power, into Judge Hayden’s kitchen to pour potatoes into a box that stood there. Once, finding her in a long apron, hair up in a high twist with a rose in it, making candy, he seemed to gaze at her as some unfathomable philosopher gazes on humanity.

   “Good morning, Martin,” she said, friendly and kind. “ Have a piece of the taffy ?”
   
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 [pgbrk]          " So I came for the last time ; and this is what I have to say’"

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 [pgbrk] CHARLES FLEMING EMBREE

553

   He refused with the deference of a caged lion who favors you with an infinite dignity. What was there in his clothes that was so chumpy ? When he had departed she looked at the kitchen, at the potatoes, and had the feeling that something tremendous had gone.

   Judge Hayden read Homer, trod sedately on the street, his unbearded face the acme of the aristocratic, and believed in encouraging honest young fellows. Out of his high reserve he spoke to Martin P. Hodge, stilted but inspiriting, and made grave observations about the openings which the United States offers to young men. Hodge, the oyster spoon in hand, gazed with stolidity on Hayden. The judge instilled his kindly philosophy into his family, and long after he himself had lost Hodge in the lower mists, Isabel made it a point, no matter how beautifully gowned, to speak to Martin as she passed the store. Martin, original observer of phenomena, unconsciously determined to take nothing for granted in this world and find out everything for himself, knew just how matters stood. He cared not at all; he had no rebelliousness, no jealousy, no wants.

   “One crowd goes to parties and dresses better,” said he. “ The other can give parties of their own, but they can’t go to the first crowd’s parties. That’s all there is to it.” At twenty years of age Hodge had learned one thing : that power will conquer.

   "Mr. Black,” said he, “I have purchased thirteen lots in the South Side with my sav-ings.”

   “ And what if the price falls? ” cried Black, plainly calling Hodge a lunatic.

   “Why,” said Hodge, turning that gray eye and that calm face, which meant no more than a bowlder on a hill-side means, toward Black, “what difference will it make?” Robert Keating, deputy county clerk, was in the store, a slim man with a keen eye. He broke out :

   “You fool ! You’d lose your money.” Hodge laid his cuffs on the counter and regarded Keating. “What difference would that make?” he asked.

   There it was—all of it. You can’t get round that kind of a chump.

   Keating, magnetized, later bought some lots in the South Side. The railroad shops came ; the price went up ; Martin P. Hodge bought an interest in the grocery store. There was nothing “country” about that shop ; your little cities of the Middle West

are grown spruce, shining, up-to-date; but Martin Hodge, common, heavy creature, seemed to have changed but little.

   Up this long ascent had he climbed, not even puffing. The world was just the same ; to be above or below it or wedging up through it, that didn’t change the world a whit.

   Keating, who was about to become county clerk himself, and had prospered somewhat along with Hodge, was fascinated by Martin. He looked to Martin for advice. He was an emotional fellow who loved a good friend, and Hodge controlled him, without ever trying to.

   One winter night they sat by the stove in the rear of the long store. It was after working hours.

   “Rob,” said Martin, after a season of meditation ; " I am going to Judge Hayden’s now.”

   Keating was pleasingly dressed, devoid of all the “countriness” that marked the man before him. He turned a surprised eye on Hodge.

   “What for?” asked he.

   “To ask Isabel to marry me,” said Hodge.

   Keating was on his feet.

   “ My Lord ! You unfathomable chump !”

   “Of course,” said Hodge. “Sit down.” A strange wideness marked his eye. He said no more for a quarter of an hour ; then he leaned slowly forward, with a finger in the air.

   " Robert Keating, I am a chump,” said he, speaking with decision. “ Let that stand. The reason I speak of her calmly is because my feeling for her is the force that moves everything in me. I never learned anything by hearsay in my life. 1 m not going to take the world’s idea of this for granted now. Because every one would say the gulf can not be bridged, I am going to find out whether it can or not. I am too plain for ornamentation. My feeling is too profound for ornamentation. You are a friend of mine and I give you my explanation. What is more, I will put on no exterior badges of a social position to which my nature is foreign. I will not learn to dress differently. I will not work slowly into this upper class and learn to conduct myself aright at her parties. I will not join her church. 1 will not pretend, or strive after, an education such as is hers and her father’s, and in comparison to which whatever I might plaster on would be but a rag. Robert Keating, you and I
 [pgbrk]   I have learned a truth or two, not out of books. And on a rock-bottom truth I can walk as straight as any man. Well,” he folded his hands and turned his square face fully on her, “the truth is this, that I loved you when we went to school together, that I loved you when you called me chump, and that I love you to-day. I don’t ask you to marry me. I ask you to think about it as long as you like in order to see if you can.” There was a dumb patience in his face. She had been too astonished, also too incongruously moved, to stop him. She had felt the flush go over her forehead. Now she regained her composure and sat with her lips pressed together, thinking of her answer. There was in her eyes the softness of the gentle.

    “Of course, it has surprised me,” she said, a little agitated, for she was not the girl to undervalue any kind of a man. “And it is pain, more than surprise. It is impossible— impossible. Oh, Mr. Hodge, forgive me !” He arose, seeming ponderous and gray. “Good-by,” said he. “Thank you.”

    He held out his heavy hand, and she, now on her feet, took it. He turned to the door. She was strangely stirred with regret, as though she had committed a sin and must atone.

    “I wish—I wish,” she faltered, “that you could still believe me your friend.”

    He paused at the hall door with his hat in his hand and looked at her once more.

    “ I do,” he said ; and she, staring at his face, seemed to read in it some all-comprehensive power. He went away.

    On the public square, which was now deserted, he stood in front of the store. The great stone had rolled down. As the ant refashions the crushed abode, so Martin P. Hodge, chump, turned back to roll it up again.

                                                 I I

  There followed some colorless weeks of speechless thought-search. Then he told himself that he had to be doing something. The county elections were fiercely fought, and because he was attached to Keating here was a natural field for activities. He still retained a little fract of land in the South Side, which section of the town was now all built up with the cottages of railroaders, and the shops smoked and hammered four blocks distant. His property

554

THE CHUMP

 are raised on a mental milk made out of these sentences : All men are created equal. There is no class in America. Riches and poverty make no difference. The clothes are not the man. None shall be deprived of rights because of religious belief. Honesty and cleanliness make all men brothers. Power, standing alone, will conquer.” He paused, then resumed. “ I am going to see if all those things are words.”

    To no other man had he ever spoken his thoughts ; Keating had never seen into him so far before.

    A half-hour later Martin P. Hodge was admitted into Judge Hayden’s parlor and Isabel had shaken hands with him pleasantly. That was his first visit there. He had never before, anywhere, looked so completely and hopelessly the chump. Isabel, now twenty-one years of age, was tall and wore glasses. She had a face that spoke first of all, and above all, intelligence. Her hair was auburn and waved a little round a white forehead. Her nose was straight, her lips were very sensitive, her chin was of an almost Grecian outline. She had laid down a volume of Montaigne’s essays to receive him. Her dress, dark green, floated away beautifully at the side of her chair.

    Here was a predicament for her; she said ten detached brave things, placidly, each one showing a sweet nature. Nothing could make that conversation go. What was the cause of the suggestion of strength which she got from his awkward attitude ? As for him, he was thinking how she looked when, wasp-like, slim-legged, she had called “Chumpy—chumpy—chumpy,” so long ago —-and that he loved her. Now she paused in her attempts, pained by failure, and he said :

    “Isabel, what I shall say will surprise you. That I cannot help, for a man must do his best and let the rest go. Between you and me there is an apparently unfathomable gulf. I never came here before. I can't even say that I ever wanted to. Now that I have come, believe first that I am honest.” His eyes had that strange wideness and were somehow sad. She seemed a little frightened, but could not look away. “You and I were brought up. in a sense, together. The weeding out begins at about the age of fourteen, but we carry with us, in spite of that, all the old axioms about people being equal, and we believe them. Isabel, I am blind when it comes to roundabout methods. But
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555

brought Martin P. Hodge to that region frequently, and he came oftener in company with Keating. And presently all the railroad people were buying their groceries at his store and knew him.

   “Vote for Keating,” he said at the shops during a dinner hour, standing there watching them eat.

   “ But why ?” asked one.

   Hodge turned on him slowly.

   " Didn’t you know he was honest ?” said he.

   “Yes; but thunder, what’s the matter with the party already in ? The mayor’s one of the boys.”

   The Chump’s finger went up.

   “The mayor fined John Slack just one dollar for keeping the back door of his saloon open on Sunday, and he did it against his will. There’s a row of stinking hovels on Green Street, not a block from the public square, and you call them the Levee. Every man here knows what goes on in that row.” “I like these railroaders,” said he to Keating. “I can understand people who make things with their hands.” He paused awhile. “Fve learned something new. It’s this: I have to do something else besides run this grocery store. I have to change things. I was looking at that iron court-house fence. I think I’ll take that down.”

   The handsome court-house occupied the center of the wide, grassy square. The expanse of its green lawn was broken only by a single monument to an Indiana regiment, and all around it ran a high, brown, iron fence. Keating stood twisting his mustache and staring at his friend in a puzzled way. “Martin Hodge, what’s working in you ?” "I’ve bought the Princeton Morning Herald,” said Hodge.

   “My Lord !” cried Keating.

   Hodge’s face looked dully angry.

   “There are too many things in this town that ought to be changed. First, I’m going to make the paper stand for you, and it’s going to elect you. Incidentally I’ll get the city to buy my land in the South Side at cost and make a park out of it. Then, when you can handle the reins, you’re going to tear down this iron fence. It weighs on me. I can’t stand it—to look out every day and see that accursed iron fence. Then, we’ll put seats in the court-house yard and make a park out of that. Afterward, we’ll put a clock in the tower.”

   Keating was shrewd enough to see what

Hodge had probably never thought of, that these might become the very catch-words to elect him. He smiled in his twinkling way.

   “Is that all?” asked he.

   “We’d smash the Levee if we ever grew tall enough,” said Hodge.

   “Maybe we shall,” laughed Keating.

   The Morning Herald, with a good editor at the desk, became a sudden power in the town. Its successive issues gave the public the impression of so many blows. The railroad people took up the cry for the park. The chump was all at once a local celebrity. Many wondered what ulterior, dishonest motive such an unsuspected “country” could have in breaking out in this manner. Sensitive people of an upper class professed to be offended at this boulder of a man who had begun to roll and bump, smashing in the town. The party which was antagonistic to Keating and his friends, and which had given the town a flagrantly rotten administration, at first hooted, then virulently attacked Hodge. Keating was called Hodge’s puppet, but the slim man had poise, keenness, and strength of his own, though Martin was his pedestal. After an exciting struggle the corrupter legion was overthrown by the more honest one, a majority of the county commissioners were elected, and Keating was not only clerk but stood nearest the lever of the machine.

   Hodge was twenty-three years of age ; his hands seemed bigger than ever and hung at his side in the same awkward manner. His collar was still rural. He had a broad forehead and a broad jaw. Now of a sudden he abandoned the hole under the stairs where he had slept and, simultaneously with this, Black retired from the store and turned it all over to Hodge.

   One bright December morning Isabel Hayden came walking along the south side of the square. Out of the grocery store of Martin P. Hodge came a boy lugging an armful of books. He almost ran into her, tripped, and fell sprawling. She gazed down at the scattered volumes. There was “The History of the Florentine Commonwealth,” with Martin P. Hodge’s vivid signature across the title page, at which the book was open. The other books looked like histories too. Martin came walking out of the store ; she blushed when he stopped so suddenly, and, nodding and smiling a pensive smile, she went sailing away.
 [pgbrk] 556

THE CHUMP

  Martin and the boy picked up the books and carried them to a room over a dry-goods store. This apartment faced the street and contained a bed, three chairs, a wash-stand, and a table, all plain. And here dwelt Martin.

  Isabel walked to the edge of the town and looked at bare fields and naked trees ; then she walked home and sat down by herself. She had never read so big a thing about the Florentine Commonwealth.

  One year and seven months were occupied in a long struggle with refractory county commissioners. Two of them had repudiated their platform and Hodge knew that they were bribed. Keating won at last; the city bought Hodge’s land at cost (this proved him a chump still and excited jeers), and there was a little park beginning to smile in the center of the South Side. At last down came the court-house fence, a clock went up, and a little public garden began to flaunt flowers.

  But now Martin’s own party became tainted. The sheriff grew slack, was evidently winking at the breaking of the law. The Levee was flourishing. Toward the end of the third year the thing happened which, simple in itself, was a vital point in The Chump’s career.

  One night, at half-past eleven o’clock, Hodge, Keating, and two companions went through an alley behind that row of hovels called the Levee. The four, Martin being the leader, threw their united weight against a certain door and broke it in with a crash. There was then revealed the complete paraphernalia of a gambling den and fifteen men, some of whom were of the best families. There was a rush for the door and a fight. But the culprits were permitted to escape.

  Next morning there appeared in large type in the Herald an article which stood almost alone on a page and whose chief sentence was this :

  Last night at eleven thirty, there were, in the rear room of the house number ten East Green Street, together with such and such articles which were there being employed in gambling, the following persons :

  And here appeared in larger type yet, every one standing out alone, the names of the fifteen men. The article was signed boldly—“Martin P. Hodge.”

  The storm that this pronouncement evoked could scarce have been exceeded. Three

libel suits were begun against Hodge and fought for months in the courts. Martin won them all. The sheriff was compelled to act; some of the fifteen were punished, some desperate characters fled. And now, in the fourth year, with another campaign coming on, the railroaders and other working classes rose to demand The Chump for mayor. Hodge met the committees of these men and said :

   “I will run for mayor on this platform. The city shall condemn and pull down every house on the Levee. The men who have trafficked in this scandal shall be prosecuted. The county commissioners who were bribed two years ago shall be punished. This shall be a reform movement, designed to change things.”

   Hodge was nominated. In October, the campaign being hotly fought, he was walking down Green Street one night at ten o’clock, when some one, on that very Levee which he was determined to destroy, fired at him. The ball struck him in the back and he fell.

   The criminal was never found. Martin was carried to his own room, where he lay unconscious, but the doctors had hopes for him.

   Next day the town was horrified at the news and many people sent flowers and other tokens to Hodge, which bright things looked out of place in the chumpy room.

   At four o’clock, Keating, being at the head of the stairs, met Isabel Hayden coming up. She looked pained.

   “ I brought these violets for Mr. Hodge, Mr. Keating,” she said, and handed them to him. “If he is able to hear, please tell him how sorry my father and I are. What does the doctor say ?”

   “He thinks he will live,” said Robert.

   “ I’m glad,” she replied and went down.

   So, when Martin became conscious at sunset time, there were her violets.

   She, having proceeded along the square, came to the grocery store. Everybody was of course interested in Hodge now, and some people were asking the boy to show them where he had slept so long. They went into the store and Isabel stood hesitating. She bit her lip a littTe; she started away, then came back. Now she went in and came to the hole under the stairs.

   “ In there," said the boy.

   It was a tiny place ; there was nothing in it but an empty shelf. Seven years ! She sighed and went out.
 [pgbrk] CHARLES FLEMING EMBREE

557

   After a long convalescence Hodge was nearly well again, and meanwhile he had been elected mayor. Soon after that he sat with Keating by the stove in the store. They were silent. After a while Hodge said : “Keating, I’m going to Judge Hayden’s now.”

   Keating turned his keen eye to Hodge. “What for?” asked he.

   “To ask Isabel to marry me,” said Martin. Half an hour later he rang the door bell at Judge Hayden’s house and was admitted by Isabel. She greeted him in a kindly way and was happy that he was well again. He said nothing to this. They sat down on the gold and blue chairs, she a little uneasy. Her hair had a rose in it again ; her face was a little older and of a superior delicacy of feature. Her eyes were pensive, kindly, and calm. She had laid down on the table, to receive him, a History of the Florentine Commonwealth. It seemed to her, as he sat there, that he had slightly changed ; doubtless his long illness had done that. He had little or no color, and his face was not quite so heavy, but rug-geder, a face that seemed to weigh down on her. He had become more abrupt and direct during the latter years, and so he did not allow her now to attempt a forced and impossible conversation. He said :

   “Isabel, I have come because I had to. That is all there is to it. Perhaps if I hadn't been sick I shouldn’t have had to. The things I said before are just as true to-day as they were then. I know, as I knew then, that you are too good to believe in false inequalities. You do not imagine that I have come because I think I have advanced. You know I think no such thing. I am still Martin P. Hodge as I was before. I am still honest; I am still clean ; I am still a chump. I love you and I want to marry you.”

   She was on her feet with her hand outstretched in a quick, mute appeal, as though to stop him. She was plainly trembling.

   "Oh, Mr. Hodge ! Please—forgive me ! forgive me !” She now had her hand to her head strangely. It came over him in a numb way that he had hurt her. He arose and stood looking at her a moment. She, weighed down by what seemed to be the incalculable weight of his face, said nothing.

   “Good-by. Thank you,” said he and turned away.

   At the door, in the hall, with his hat in his hand, her quick step caused him to pause and turn. Her eyes were on him. Why was he

 different, why did the big hands hang in a way that meant strength, and the clothes seem to cover the body of a giant ?

   “ I wish—I wish you could even yet believe me your friend,” she said.

   “I do,” he replied and went away.

   A little later Judge Hayden's face looked in at the parlor door. There was Isabel with her head down on the History of the Florentine Commonwealth.

   The stone had rolled down the hill once more ; dumbly, as the ant turns to refashion the destroyed abode, Martin P. Hodge turned back to roll it up again.

                                                 I I I

The new administration went forward with power unshakable, with an uprooting profound. The city was cleaned as it had never been cleaned before. As for the Levee, the ministers of the town created an agitation on their own account, declaring the spot a danger to morality, a violator of decency. No less than ten neighbors of that noisome region openly avowed, with joint threats of an action in court, that the Levee was an intolerable public nuisance. More than this, the greasy frame edifices were within the fire limit, where the law declared no wooden house should be. They menaced, then, the very existence of respectable edifices. Hodge availed himself of these facts and the Levee was doomed. There came a chill fall day when a ripping and hammering resounded on Green Street. Many good people, including Judge Hayden and Isabel, walked by and gazed with commendation on that wreck and saw the naked insides of the seats of evil. Every board and brick was swept away, the ground was leveled, and the site of that whilom builded wickedness was as desert and flat as a dead Gomorrah. There would be erected thereon honest edifices, monuments to The Chump and decency.

   This and other acts made a celebrity for Hodge, which spread over that section of the state known as the Pocket. Keating was with this spreading force and made it stronger. That Hodge was a chump was yet an indisputable fact in the minds of many. But there he .was, not to be ignored, a sun rolling up through the murk of the horizon.

   That change which in many parts of the United States began to take political power and political fights away from what is called
 [pgbrk] 558

THE CHUMP

the upper class, was working in a thousand towns. One other change, more apparent, affected Princeton as it affected a thousand others, the change which brought very young men to the front. On the crest of one of the first waves of this sort, Hodge rode, swept up like a log on a new strand. After a struggle in the convention of the first district between two bitter opponents, behold Martin, unruffled, suddenly comes forth the nominee for congress, and the two who have opposed each other rub their eyes and gaze on him.

   This was the end of Judge Hayden’s six-year term, but the Judge had held his office for many more years than that. It would have seemed to many of the inhabitants of Gibson County that the stars had ceased to exist if Hayden had ceased to be a judge. He was one of those rare men who are just what judges should be, a fixed, determinate point in the affairs of men. Your good judge in a community like this is a mooring. Hayden was nominated again.

   After that Isabel gave a party. The autumn was warm, and she wrote out the invitations with her own white fingers as she sat on the porch. She sighed, gazing at the list through her glasses. Her set was vivacious and growing alarmingly ; nevertheless, they were all crowded in. But there was one other. She sat and dreamed and forgot the list, with a far-away look on her face. Alas—why was that impossible ?

   Martin P. Hodge did not go to that party ; it is to be doubted that The Chump was more than a thought in one brain among all those in Judge Hayden’s house. The Judge mingled with the bright crowds. His smoothly shaven face was serene and smiling. Isabel, dressed in white, with a long, satin ribbon round her waist and floating behind, looked a little like him.

   When the guests were gone she turned, singing an idle tune, to the Judge, who stood in the parlor.

   "And so,” she cried, smiling, “I’ve begun the campaign.”

   He looked a littie serious and took hold of her hands.

   " Isabel,” said he, “there are new rocks in this old stream.”

   She thought awhile, the smile gone. Then she raised her face.

   “ Do you think you shall lose ?” she asked.

   “I’ve never fought a fight so hard as this will be,” was his reply. “The country changes so fast, sweetheart, that an old-

 timer like me can’t keep up with it forever.” She had lost a little of her color. She knew too well what the matter was. She looked sad and presently said, very low, with her eyes down :

   " Is it Mr. Hodge, father?”

   “ I’m afraid it is,” said he.

   She went up-stairs languidly.

   Martin Hodge, entering his room at eleven o’clock that night, found many notes and cards there, by way of congratulating him on his nomination, but he forgot to look at them ; there was a nameless bunch of violets there too.

                                                I V

The weeks going on, and the election approaching, there joined the ranks of Martin Hodge and Keating all that which marked the new in the first congressional district. The new is stern, sometimes a trifle coarse; it is accustomed to make things with its hands. It is the product of the spirit of manufacture. Martin Hodge was unquestionably master of that party, who, taking a cue from Keating, called themselves “The Chumps.”

   Judge Hayden, allied with the high of yesterday, whose spirit still informed the high of to-day, was a product of that cultured element of the life which, brought out of the East, cleared the wilderness and made the land teem and, resting from labor in the days before the manufacturing began, took out the culture and polished it up again.

   The situation burst on Keating with a pang. He stared at Hodge, Hodge for whom he was wearing the soul out of him, but with whom he must inevitably rise. The thing was plain, the result indubitable. If Hodge won, Hayden must fall. He wondered what Martin thought, stalking yonder, his jaws set, his eyes calm, his mind uncomplicated. The Chump had not turned pale when the knowledge came to him. He had not smiled. He had not shrunk or leaped forward. He had just gone on. He had become something of a speaker and with Keating stumped the district. His eloquence, if such it could be called, was a sort of staccato of ideas, each propelled at his hearers and brought down on them as though it were some blow.

   Late in the summer it began to be apparent that Hodge could win. Unless some sudden change in public opinion should
 [pgbrk] CHARLES FLEMING EMBREE

559

occur the election would mean the fall of Hayden.

   At last, when the lever was beyond all doubt in Hodge’s grip, there came a night when Keating received a shock. He was in Martin’s store, when The Chump suddenly arose. There was something in the latter’s eyes which made Keating afraid,

   “Where are you going?” asked he, not knowing why he felt angry.

   “To Judge Hayden’s,” said Hodge.

   The ground seemed to be wavering under Keating. It was surely a joke. He went to the door and saw the back of Martin yonder where The Chump strode toward the Hayden house. Keating went into the store again, a little dizzy. He could not believe ! He sat down as though blind. What was it he had labored for with that devotion ? The sun, then, was black—the air was poison ? Martin P. Hodge, gone now; now, to hold up before her his power !

   Hodge rang the door bell and was admitted. There were some other callers there, and he waited, sitting silent till they had gone. Isabel, in gray, a white rose in her hair, had greeted him with kindliness, but had seemed agitated. Now, as she faced him alone, she was pale, For with his entrance something had been shattered, for her too—something too clear, too delicate, too fragile, for her to have known that she held it in her heart. But—when Martin P. Hodge came in at such a time, she felt it shattered. It was a strange face that looked on him. He arose and, standing before her, began :

   “Isabel, I have never entered this house save when I had to. To-night I had to. I have believed myself strong and was strong. But to love you is stronger and is breaking

 me. I can’t stand it any longer. I waited as long as I could ; I wished to wait till after the election. But to-night was the last night, and this was the last minute. Before, when you would not love me, that made me work, made me change things. But now it will have the opposite effect. I will roll the stone up no more. So I came for the last time; and this is what I have to say.” His face, grown as colorless as hers, fascinated her. “You are not even afraid that I will threaten your father’s election, if you will not love me—you are good and not afraid. But the fact that I have that power has so affected me that I have revolted. I have rushed to the opposite extreme. I have told you that your refusal now would paralyze me. I will roll the stone no more. And if my hand falls, your father wins. Isabel, I am glad, though I do not know why, that this is the time when it is easier for you to refuse me than it ever was before. You have to-night a double reason to refuse ; but to-night I came. If you love me, I then owe you my strength and my progress and your father must lose. If you refuse me, I will fight no more, my party is paralyzed, and your father wins. I loved you when you called me a chump. I would love you if you called me that now.”

   She stood and gazed at him, scarcely able to believe. The lines of his face were the pure, fire-wrought lines of power. What was he—what was he—standing there before her filling the world ? The shattered thing in her heart was whole again. She forgot her father; she forgot herself. All things save him were swept away; The Chump had risen to grandeur. She came forward and cried :

   "Now I love you.”
   
            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="poetry"><ab>
                
 [pgbrk]  TO A WOOD PATH

     BY FLORENCE WILKINSON

           WHO found you first,

           Wild wood thing,

           Womanly, wayward,

              Wandering ?

           In remote ages Scored by the million Once there slept here A winged reptilian,

           The print of his body

              Inscribed for your reason,

           As he dreamed in his coilings A cycle or season.

           Up sprang the forest

              Through ages succeeding;

           Stalked the wolves one by one,

              The lone wolf leading.

           Then in the spring-time,

              Boughs interlacing,

           The doe and her fawn Went tenderly pacing.

           Here you flit, there you flit, Teasingly distant,

           Vanishing ever,

              Ever persistent,—

           Beckoning us on,

                Last-born of the million,

           To walk in the print

              Of that dreaming reptilian.

           Where the wolves quested,

              Savage and meagre,

           We are love’s pensioners,

              With hearts that are eager. Whither the path leads,

              Dear, little matter;—

           Amber of spring hole,

              Waterfall’s chatter;

           You are my goal, dear,

              Wild wood thing,

           Womanly, wayward,

              Wandering.
              
            </ab></div>
            
            <div type="advertisements"><ab>
                
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                                 SUB-ST VTION A—Corner Geary and Stockton Sts., SAN FRANCISCO SUB.STATION B-103 Dearborn St., CHICAGO SUB STATION D-631 Canal St., NEW ORLEANS

                  SUB-STATION C-G18 Olive St., ST. LOUIS  SUB-STATION E-6 Whitehall St.. Viaduct. ATLANTA

             LONDON POST DEPARTMENT, 97 CHEAPSIDE, ENGLAND Regal Shoes are delivered through the London Post Department to any part of the United Kingdom on receipt of 15/6.

                                             Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                              20
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

       What Sterling is to Silver What Bessemer is to Steel Prudential is to Life Insurance

                       ’Tis the sense of saving that lays the Rock foundation of Prudential Protection. It will be a pleasure to explain .if you will write us.

 Tlje Prudential

         INSURANCE CO. OF AMERICA.

 JOHN F. DRYDEN, President. Dept. 32 Home Office: NEWARK, N.J.

 “Visit The Prudential’s Exhibit, Palace of Education, World’s Fair, St. Louis”

                                               Plea9e mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

 21
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 FOR SALE ALMOST EVERYWHERE

If your dealer does not sell them write for catalog to HlCEsHUTCHINS BOSTON '

                                                  stomp

ii Wm

wmgm

 mm if a

 Ipltflj

gm

                                  The

                               “ %rwnfii ” Steel Frame

                               Defies the Wind and the Weather

                                  Only STEEL Frame on the Market

                                   LooKforthename

                                   “cJfrfon/U ”

                                    on the Frame

    The life of an umbrella depends on the strength of the framework. No matter if the covering is the finest, costliest silk or the stoutest cotton, if the ribs are not properly constructed of Best Material, the disasters portrayed above may be anticipated.

    If you would have an umbrella that will stand repeated recoverings, see that your next framework is a

              it           •       ,    • *

 5~ri mfii

  It is made of the best crucible steel, properly tempered, carefully coated to prevent corrosion. A hardened rod which will not bend or break, put together with phosphor bronze wire. Automatic bulb runner. This frame is guaranteed and is used by all reputable Umbrella Manufacturers.

  I have a

‘e‘Jriiri/ii

                                                                       FREE An interesting booklet, “The Life of^the Umbrella ■ Look for the trade mark “ tyrvm/U ”

                                                        MANUFACTURED BY

   will be sent on request, on your next purchase.

NEWARK RIVET WORKS, 268 Lafayette Street, NEWARK, N, J.

                                                 Plea9e mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  22
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 BARRETT MANUFACTURING CO.

  17 BATTERY PLACE, NEW YORK

 Chicago, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Cleveland, Cincinnati, Allegheny, Minneapolis, Kansas City, New Orleans

     THE well-known Building of Tiffany and Company, the world-famed Jewelers, which is illustrated herewith, was roofed with Standard Coal Tar Pitch, Felt and Gravel Roofing

   Thirty=six Years Ago

   To-day this roof is still in good condition although it has never been repaired.

   Its initial cost was less than a roof of Tin, or Metal of any kind ; and its total cost much less than the mere expense of keeping any other style of roof in repair for that period.

   This roof is a fair example of the life and durability of Coal Tar

Pitch, Felt and Gravel                Tiffany Building, Union Square, New York

Roofing laid along the                 (Roofed Thirty-six Years ago by Barnes and New,

        1        .     ry-,.               T. New Construction Co., Successors)

lines advocated in 1 he

T)       n •£       •             We shall be pleased to mail this Specification to Architects,

oarrett opecitication. Builders, Engineers, or anyone interested, free on request.

                                                    Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     23
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

W. L. DOUCLA5

UNION                            ¥ ^ f \ l        tor

MADE                             K X V^r 1 V MEN

Brockton Leads the Men’s Shoe Fashions of the World.

The reason W. L. Douglas $3.50 shoes are the greatest sellers in the world is, because of their excellent style, easy fitting and superior wearing dualities. They are just as good as those that cost $5.00 to $7.00, the only difference is the price, If I could take you into my fae tory at Brockton, Mass., the largest in the world under one roof making men’s fine shoes, and show you the infinite care with which every pairofW.L, Douglas shoes is made, you would realize w'hy W. L. Doug= las $3.50 shoes are the best shoes produced anywhere, and why the sales for the year ending July 1st, 1904, were

$6,263,040.00.

I could show you the difference between the shoes made in my factory and those of other makes, the high grade leathers used, you would understand why W. L. Douglas $3.50 shoes cost more to make, why they hold their shape, fit better, wear longer, and are of greater intrinsic value than any other $3.50 shoe on the market to=day. W. L. Douglas guarantees their value by stamping  his name and price on the bottom. Look for it — take no

substitute. W.  L.  Douglas $3.50 shoes are sold through his own retail stores in

the principal cities, and shoe dealers everywhere. No matter where you live, W. L. Douglas shoes are within your reach.

                      “AS GOOD AS $7.00 SHOES.”

   “Heretofore I have been wearing $7.00 shoes. 1 purchased a pair of W.L. Douglas $5.50 shoes, which I have worn every day for four months. They are so satisfactory I do not intend to return to the more expensive shoes.”

                               WM. GRAY KXOWLES, Asst. City Solicitor, Phila.

   W. L. Douglas $2.00 and $1.75 shoes for Boys. Best in the world. Boys all wear them.

W. Ij. Douglas uses Corona Coltskin in his $3.50 shoes. Corona Colt is conceded everywhere to be the finest Patent Leather yet produced.

                     G. C. E. Eli Calf always gives satisfaction.

   W. L. Douglas has the largest shoe mail order business in the world. No trouble to get a fit by mail. State size and width ; narrow, medium or wide toe ; with or without cap on toe ; kind of leather desired ; lace', button, congress, or blucher. 25c. extra prepays delivery. If you desire further information, write for illustrated Catalog of Fall Styles.

    "W. L. DOUGLAS, 163 SparK Street, Drochton, Mass.

               W. L. DOUGLAS MAKES AND SELLS MORE MEN’S $3.50 SHOES THAN ANY OTHER MANUFACTURER IN THE WORLD.

                                                          Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                 24
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

                                            HENRY B.HYDE

                                                 FOUNDED

 J.W. ALEXANDER

                                                   PRESIDENT

   J.H.HYDE

 VICE PRESIDENT

                   Svring shall plant And autumn garner to the end of time" —Browning.

WHEN THE AUTUMN e#T

           of your life arrives, what will you gather as the fruit of your labors ?

An adequate Continuous Instalment Endowment in the Equitable will provide for every year of the winter, as well as of the autumn of your life. And if you die prematurely it will provide for every year of your loved one’s life.

^\\v

                                Opportunities for men of character coact as representatives Apply to GAGE E.TARBELL,2nd Vice President.

                        For full information fill out this coupon or write The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, 120 Broadway, New York, Dept. No. 4.

 Please send me information regarding a Continuous Instalment Endowment for $........................if

 issued to a person................. years   of age, beneficiary...............years of age.

 Name.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    25
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

      The Only Shoe Truly Anatomical

    The curves of your foot follow the line made by the twenty-six bones forming the heel, arch, ball and toes. Strangely, shoemakers have ignored this and treated the sole as straight and rigid—that’s why you have spent days of misery “ breaking in ” the new pair.

    No man has made a shoe-sole to follow the curves of the foot-sole before—it is the exclusive Ralston idea—the construction of an anatomical last by which the foot rests on a formed foundation (concealed) adjusted to nature’s curves. Far more costly in making, but it guarantees instant ease—the “old shoe” feeling with “new shoe” appearance. Built on conservative lines, yet stylish to the last degree.

         The Only Shoe with this Winter Sole

     Don’t you want shoes that are as near waterproof as leather can be? and stylish also? That will protect you from damp and cold? and are stylish also? Ralston sole construction is unique and unequaled—in five layers, as follows:

You can see them in the picture above.

   1—Best Sole Leather Inner Sole

   2—Full Sheet Cork Sole

   3—Half Sole of Best Sole Leather

   4—Wool Felt and Rubber Cushion

   5—Our Famous Bark-tanned, Water proofed Outer Sole Also lighter weights for dress purposes.

                     Send for Our Handsome Catalogue

                                   Showing 20 New Styles

Designed for men of good -taste and common sense, who “know what they want and mean to get it.”

mailed free. It is unique. It illustrates            and explains our aim and achievement better   than  this

limited space will permit. We have local agents in most all cities            and towns. Send      for name

of nearest dealer. Where there is no agent we sell by mail [only 25 cents exrra for delive and guarantee perfect satisfaction, or refund your money. Many thousands of pairs sold this way every season with                  hardly a complaint. If you have shoe

troubles, it would seem that you can                scarcely afford to slight such an offer.

Price, in Canada, $5.00.                                                      UNION made.

   RALSTON HEALTH SHOEMAKERS

                                         979 Main St., Campello, Mass.

STOCK No. 67

Patent Corona Colt Blucher, Roycroft Last.

                        You hear much about Patent Colt Skin Shoes. Ours are made of the genuine CORONA brand.

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   26
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

itualLife Q1750!

■B'OMPAHY Ul(lOC

^^1WE~MUTUALLlFE|q|75a|

The Mutual Life jBjwsI

JH8URAHCC COMPANY |Ulf IPO;

0_rv,th©flji

V,-

   Will deliver the first Bond (40 coupons attached thereto) at the end of the first year on payment of the second premium, and one Bond each year thereafter on the payment of succeeding premium, the twentieth Bond being delivered twenty years from date of contract.

   Each Bond hears interest, payable semiannually in gold coin, in accordance with forty coupons thereto attached.

   If the insured die while the contract is in force, the Company will thereupon deliver all of said 20 Bonds not already delivered.

   Suppose you buy 20 $1,000 Bonds, you receive a Bond each year and are insured for 20 years.

   The total guarantees on these Bonds are:

1. Twenty Years’ Insurance.

2. Principal of 20 Bonds, $20,000.00

3. Interest on 20 Bonds           14.000.00

                                                                         Total Cash Guaranteed, $34,000.00

McClure No. 8.              MAIL                THIS COUPON TO-DAY

The Mutual Life Insurance Co. of New York, Richard A. McCurdy, Prest.

New York City.           Gentlemen:—I should be glad to receive information regarding cost of

the Mutual Yearly Bond Contract.

My occupation is................................................. an3  age.......-.........-

Name...........................-...............   Address...................................

                                                   Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    27
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

T5he AEOLIAN COMPANY

ANNOUNCES THE NEW

PIANOLA PIANO

   “The First Complete Tia.no"

    Combining in a single compact instrxi-ment an upright piano of the highest gra.de a.nd a Metrostyle Pianola.

             The Aeolian Company, Aeolian Hall, 362 Fifth Avenue, New York 124. East Fourth Street, Cincinnati, 0.

                                         Fleming and Carnrick Press, New York Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                    28

        THE PIANOLA PIANO represents an entirely new thought in musical instruments. Its advantages over the accepted type of pianoforte are so manifest that thousands of pianos heretofore satisfactory to their owners are destined to be disposed of to make room for this Twentieth Century production.

             The Pianola Piano is, first of all, a perfect piano, It may be played by the fingers on the keyboard in the usual way. In tone, action, durability, and appearance, it leaves nothing to be desired.

             But, most important of all, it contains within its cast a complete Metrostyle Pianola — the latest and best of all piano-players. The change from hand-playing to Pianola-playing takes no more time than is required to slide back a

        panel in the                                   front of the case and insert a perforated roll

        of music. There is nothing to move up in front of the keyboard, as the Pianola mechanism occupies the hereto-

Prices Jft.'.OO to #1,000. Purchasable on moderate monthly fore UnUSed Space within the pianoforte.

payments. Pianos of all other makes taken in exchange at fair

                        valuation.                                       pianola    Piano   is the first piano which may be

                                                            enjoyed by every one — irrespective of any previous knowledge of       music — from     the very  moment        of                           its installation. It is the one piano which it is certain

will not      stand idle, no    matter into     whose   home it may go.

       No person who may be contemplating the purchase of a piano should place the order before having seen the descriptive catalog of this remarkable new production — or, better still, having seen and heard the instrument itself. We will send a handsome catalog to any address, together with information as to the nearest point where the Pianola Piano is on exhibition.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

W   During the forty years     I have been in the    watch business,    there  I

I  has never been a moment       of doubt as to the   ultimate triumph  of the 1

f  Dueber-Hampden Watch.        Today its position    is secure as the highest

  type of watch making in America or Europe.        I have the most     perfect

  watch works in the world, and manufacture the movement as well as the case. But the greatest satisfaction is the knowledge that success has been secured by adhering to honesty in every detail of its making. No trust or combination has the slightest influence in my policy, AND NO DISHONEST COMBINATION EVER WILL.

                           Write for my “ Light from the Watchman,” FREE

 Canton, O

                                                        Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                         29
 [pgbrk]  McCLURE’S Magazine

     “TADELLOS”

   “Tadellos” is a German word of comprehensive meaning. Its significance can hardly be expressed by any one single or compound adjective in the English language. “Tadellos” means faultless, but it means more than that; it takes in the full sweep of possible objections and wipes them all away. It means without blemish, above criticism, perfect. All shades of meaning contained in these words are covered by the German “ Tadellos.”

   ALFRED REISENAUER, one of the world's greatest pianists, used the EVERETT PIANO on his recent American tour; in speaking of the EVERETT he employs the one word, “ TADELLOS/'

   The EVERETT PIANO is used and endorsed by Reisenauer, Gabrilowitsch, Burmeister, Nordica, Hirschman, Campanari, Sousa, Gallico, Kruger, Birdice Blye, Pierce, Shonert and Damrosch.

    IF YOU ARE INTERESTED, WE HAVE A SPECIAL PROPOSITION TO MAKE YOU. ADDRESS DEPT. L.

            The Everett Piano Co., Boston, Mass., or

 THE JOHN CHURCH CO.

           CINCINNATI NEW YORK CHICAGO

                                               Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers

                                                                               30
 [pgbrk] MeCLUKE'S MAGAZINE

  The Entire BuildiM of the ‘’Department of Commerce .Washington D C. is equipped throughout with_^. Slobc^WeroteKc Elastic Bookca ses and Filing Cabinets

 WRITE FOR CATALOGS 804-M, 104-M

                                                          CHICAGO

  I 22V22B WABASH AVE

  NEW YORK

 380-382 BROADWAY

3be Siobe^Wergieke Co.•

     BOSTON ; S

 91-93 FEDERAL STi

                 CINCINNATI

 CANADIAN BRANCH., STRATFORD. ONT.

                                                                                                   LONDON v

                                                                                                7 lay N HILL -ROW

                                                         Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                 31
 [pgbrk]  McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 THE

Velvet

  'v Calf B a 1 . i N. Y. toe.

   Takes a high            _

   polish. Exceptional value. Heavy sole. Price, delivery free in U. S., $2.50.

  JAMES MEANS SHOE

                       FOR MEN

     is sold by leading retailers. If your retailers can-Model not supply you, read the offer which we make No. to you below. It is unprecedented in the history 5596 of the shoe manufacturing industry.

     THE RETAIL PRICES OF THE JAMES MEANS SHOE ARE UNIFORM THROUGHOUT THE U. S., NAMELY

     $2.50 and $3.00

  Model

   No.

  5595

    Send postal card to-day for our illustrated Booklet 9, describing the large variety of styles which we constantly carry in stock at factory and which are all easily within your reach.

 00DY£4,

  Model No. 5592

JAMES

MEANS’

 SHOE

   Box ^ Calf Blucher,

    'Pacemaker Last.” Ideal shoe for hard usage. Splendid leather. Heavy sole. Price,., delivery free in U. S., $3.00.

THE ABOVE TRADE-MARK. STAMPED ON 50LE5 OF EVERY PAIR . FAMOUS FOR. /AORE THAN A QUARTER OF A CENTURY.

              Kraknit Patentj Leather Blucher. Mili-' tary Heel, Populus Toe. Very swell. Heavy sole. Price, delivery free in U. S., $3.00.

           OUR EXTRAORDINARY OFFER

The above cuts show four immensely popular styles of the James Means Shoe. Where not obtainable of dealers, we will send any of these or other stock styles, delivery charges prepaid, to any post-office or express office in the United States on receipt of $2.50 or $3.00, as indicated. See directions for ordering. No delay in filling orders.

We can fit you accurately. We inaugurated this system, and we had it in successful operation for years before other manufacturers thought of reaching out to the consumers.

   MAIL ORDERS.—Directions for Measuring .—Take a sheet of paper and place it on the floor. Place your foot upon it, and then, with a pencil held upright, mark the shape of your foot on the paper (see Fig. 1). In doing this, press the pencil firmly against your foot all around. I Then take the best fitting shoe you have and mark the shape of that on the paper in the same I way. Then take a tape measure, or a narrow strip of paper, and measure exactly where you ) see the lines in Fig. 2. In doing this let the tape touch at all points without drawing it tight. Be accurate; measure each foot, stockings on. You are now prepared to make out your order. Directions for Ordering.—Take a sheet of ruled letter paper and number the lines from

________1 to 15. Then fill in as follows: 1, Your Name. 2, Street and No. 3, Post-office. 4, Express

F/a.z. office. 5, County. 6, State or Terr. 7, Model No. and description of shoes wanted. 8, Amount of your remittance enclosed. 9, How many pairs ordered? Now the foot measurements follow. 10, Top. 11, Heel. 12, Instep. 13, Waist. 14, Ball. 15, Toe. Enclose diagrams of your foot and shoe with the above. 16, Size and width worn.

   TERMS, CASH WITH ORDER.—Remittances may be in any of the following forms: Post-office order, express

money order or bank draft. If none of these are within your reach, send money by registered letter. In that case protect coins carefully by wrapping.

   TO ALL RETAILERS OF SHOES. If the agency for this celebrated line of shoes has not been established in your vicinity, we are prepared to make you an interesting offer. Send postal to=day. Our large force of salesmen covej the U. S. Would you like to

receive a call from the one in your district? Address Dept. 9.

                          BROCKTON, MASS.

CHARLES A. EATON CO., James Meakna"s°hoehe|or Men

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  32
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                                                                                                       3

                                                                                                                                   m '

 # I

 I,

^mnod

_ 11| The Name Has Been Famous For Over Eighty-one Years

           MORE than fourscore years of experience in Piano-s; Ij-. IllII         forte building is exemplified in the Chickering

   _== i 1 Si Piano of to-day. Its tone, of exquisite quality, is

-:j§ t j peculiarly its own, no other maker having succeeded in reproducing it.

CHICKERING and SONS

789 Tremont St, Boston

                                                 Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   33
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

  Would You Like a Strictly High Grade, First Water

                DIAMOND?

 Our special offer this month is a small lot of Extra Fine pure white (by most dealers called blue white), absolutely Perfect Diamonds.

 Each one a gem and positively a grade finer than anything shown by any other catalogue house.

 May we send one express prepaid for your inspection?

 Price, $75-00 Terms, $15.00 when accepted and $7.50 per month, or $69 all cash. This size is right for an engagement ring or for mens’ wear.

 By the “ Marshall Method” you must be satisfied or it costs you nothing.

                    Our Diamond Book explains many interesting things about diamonds and quotes prices current before the advance. Send for one to-day, before quotations are withdrawn.

                               VALUABLE

                            Diamond Book

                              FREE NOW

 W. S. Hyde, Jr. Prest., A. S. Tetje, Secy. CEO. E. MARSHALL, (IflC.)

 Reference.—First Natl. Bank, Chicago.             99 State St., CHICAGO*

                                                             Shop of the

                                                             Crafters

                                                             Furniture

             Simple, rich, well-made—good to see and use everyday. Scores of distinctive designs—Hall clocks, cellarettes, desks, stands, hat racks, umbrella racks, smoker’s and medicine cabinets, etc. Productions not duplicated elsewhere; offer a wide choice. Quartered oak; skilled craftsmanship; all dull finishes. Prices from $5 to $200.

                    Buy of your dealer,

                      if possible; if he hasn’t them order direct from us.

                    Freight prepaid to all points east of the Mississippi} Looh for points west equalized. We’ll send you Crafter this mark

                              Shop of the

Quartered Church Oak. Abundant room for two sty leg of liquor glasses. A strong revolving rack for quart bottles. Topcompartmentforcigar8. Height, 62 in ; Width,

                                                                 22 in.; Depth, 16 In.

Furniture on approval.

                                       Write for 96°page catalogue.

                                    Illustrated with Shop of the Crafters work. A fascinating assortment of beautiful and practical home-thinge. All prices.

                                    THE SHOP OF THE CRAFTERS,

                                           (The Oscar Onren Co., Sole Owners.)

                                     650 West 4th St., Cincinnati, O.

Cralte'?

 Guaranteed

   until

 1929

  All spoons and forks bearing trade - mark shown below have sterling silber inlaid at the points that bear the brunt of wear and are guaranteed to wear full 25 years.

 E HOLMES and EDWARDS  STERLING IfML-AID

  The sterling silver is inserted in the metal before it is plated, and is therefore invisible in the finished spoons and forks. In this ware the purchaser gets all the appearance and durability of solid silver at less than half the cost.

     For sale by all dealers.

  Send for Booklet No.225*C showing various patterns.

  Holmes and Edwards Silver Co.

  (International Silver Co.,Successor.)

        Bridgeport, Conn.

the

on each piece.

                                                     Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                       34
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

    Olivauto Cloth

  THE BEST FOR AUTOMOBILE AND ALL OUT-DOOR WEAR

       It is a beautiful olive drab worsted serge—similar to the cloth we have been making the Government for Field Officers’ uniforms.

       It is light but closely woven, very strong, meeting the Government requirements.

       It has the quality of non-visibility and is dust-proof, dirt-proof, and spot-proof.

       It is cleanly under all conditions.

    Drive your car through the dustiest of roads—brush your coat of Olivauto Cloth, and you will be dressed neatly, properly, and becomingly.

              You will find its quality such as the United States Government requires, if our trade-mark is on the back, thus—

                     Your tailor should have it—if not, write us.

                  AMERICAN WOOLEN COMPANY

                       Wm. M. Wood, Vice-President and Treasurer Boston, Mass.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    35
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Stlouisifortos Fair

REACHED

ILLINOIS

                                                  Double Daily

                                                     Service

                                                       from

                                                  New Orleans

BY THE

CENTRAL

                                               Four Daily Trains from

                                                 Chicago

 Through Tickets of Agents I. C. R. R. and Connecting Lines. A. H. HANSON, G. P. A.

                                               THE FOUR = TRACK NEWS

                                            An Illustrated Magazine of Travel and Education MORE THAN 152 PAGES MONTHLY

                                        Its scope and character are indicated by the following titles of articles that have appeared in recent issues; all profusely illustrated:

  Among Golden Pagodas,

  Marblehead. ....

  A Study in Shells, .

  Santo Domingo................

  Eleven Hours of Afternoon,

  A Gala Night on the Neckar, .

  Echoes from Sleepy Hollow.

  Golf in the Rockies, .

  In Barbara Freitchie’s Town,

  Back of the Backwoods, .

  A Feast of Music, .

  Sailors’ Snug Harbor,

  Since Betty Golfs—Poem, .

  Niagara’s Historic Environs, .

  In the Old Wood-Burner Days,

  The Land of Liberty and Legends,

  Nature’s Treasure-house,

  Down the Golden Yukon,

  Corral and Lasso, .

  Little Histories :

     An Historic Derelict,

     Where Lincoln Died,

     The Poets’ Corner,

     The Treason House, .

                                        SINGLE COPIES 5 CENTS, or 50 CENTS A YEAR Can be had of newsdealers, or by addressing George H. Daniels, Publisher,

  Room No. 143,             7 East’42d Street, New York.

                                                                                                                                                      Kirk Munrce . M. Imlay Taylor . Dr. R. W. Shujeldt . Frederick A. Ober Cy Warm an Kathleen L. Greig Minna Irving Henry Rvssell Wray Thomas C. Harbangh Charles Howard Shinn Jane W. Guthrie Bessie H. Dean Josephine Wilhelm Hard Eben P. Dorr James O. WJiittemore . Guy Morrison Walker Earl W. Mayo . George Hyde Preston . Minnie J. Reynolds

                                                                                                                                                          Charlotte Philip . Alexander Porter Isabel R. Wallach . William Wait

                 DIRECT from FACTORY TO SMOKER

        To introduce our Virginia Beauty Cigar we will deliver to your nearest express or post office, a box of 100 for $1.50.

        Entire satisfaction guaranteed, or your money back.............................

  DIXIE TOBACCO CO. Bedford City, Va.

 Farm Live Stock

 Its care and management. Pictures of all the breeds. Reports of iairs. horse shows and meetings, by best writers, published weekly in The Breeder's Gazette,Chicago, 111.  $2 a year. Sample copy free

 if you mention this paper. Liberal terms to subscription agents.

                                                     Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                      36

 LOS ANGELES COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

                                   For reliable information, enclose five-cent stamp to the

                                 CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, - Los Angeles, California

                                   A SUCCESSFUL SONO WILL MAKE YOU RICH

                                  We write music to your words, complete and arrange compositions. GROOM MUSIC CO., Steinwaj Hall, Cbto**-

 Song-Writers A and Poets
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

        Spaulding and Co.

   paris          Goldsmiths Silversmiths      chicago

36 Ave de l’Opera  3.11(1  JcwdcrS        Jackson Blvd cor State St

                             Importers of

              Diamonds Precious Stones Watches and Art Goods

                             Producers of

             Rich Jewelry and Silverware

           Our display of Sterling Silver, Jewelry, Gems and Art Goods includes a solution to every problem of gift selection.

  Special and artistic               Correct  and latest forms

      designs furnished                   in Fine        Stationery

                  Our “Suggestion Book” mailed on application

      Spaulding and Co Jackson Blvd cor State St Chicago

  /i

 1 Beautiful Memorials 1

 IN WHITE BRONZE

Forget

    This beautiful Sarcophagus and Statue only $800.00; worth $1200 to $1500 in granite.

    We have designs from $4.00 up, markers, headstones, postB, etc.

   Don’t purchase marble or granite to get all discolored and moss-grown and to eventually crumble and decay.

   Purchase the beautiful and ever-enduring

   WHITE BRONZE

           Time and the elements have no effect on it. It is practically indestructible.

         If in need of cemetery work, let us know about what expense you anticipate and we will send you a selected variety of our

                                                       BEAUTIFUL DESIGNS

         with prices and full information. We deliver everywhere; distance is no obstacle. Besides family monuments we make markers, headstones, posts, grave covers and statuary. Write at once.

             Agents

                                                                                                                   Wanted.

v |

V

                       THE MONUMENTAL BRONZE CO.

                          354 Howard Ave., Bridgeport, Conn.

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                                                                              Society’s

                                                                                 Choice

                       for their beauty, finish, slip and durability. Backs and faces are artistic, neat and attractive. The best card ever offered for the money. Buy of your dealer. If he hasn’t Golf Playing Cards, send us his name ar.d

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   37

   25 Cents for One Sample Pack

 We will send you a valuable new “ Book of Rules ” for all card games to pay you for your trouble, free with every pack.

 AMERICAN PLAYING CARD CO., KALAMAZOO, MICH.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

      We run large, modern, well equipped shops, employing several hundred skilled cutters and tailors.

      We make to measure, for men we never see, one hundred thousand suits and overcoats per annum.

      Our extraordinary facilities and volume of business enables us to practice great economy.

      For $20 to $35, which is no more than you pay for a ready-made suit or overcoat, we will make your clothes to measure, just as you want them, and they will be better clothes than local tailors with their limited facilities will sell you for 100% more money.

      Better investigate — write us for the name of the merchant in your town who will show our woolens and take your measure.

      Ed. V. Price and Company, Merchant Tailors, Chicago.

                                            Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                              38
 [pgbrk] McCLURE' S MAGAZINE

“Artificial Sunlight”

                  From

Water and Carbide

You Have The Water

ACETYLENE is an illuminating gas, produced by the mere contact of water and a solid substance known as calcium carbide. It is made in a simple apparatus and passes to the burner in the same manner and as safely as does city gas.

FOR LIGHTING a single building, a group of buildings or the streets and buildings of a village or town. Economical, Efficient, Safe.

                    We request that you send us your name and address for the latest literature on the subject of Acetylene and its modern uses.

                            Union Carbide Co.

                              159 Michigan Avenue, Chicago 49 Broadway, New York

                       Works at Niagara Falls, N. Y. and Sault Ste. Marie, Mich.

                       Distributing Warehouses in all parts of the United States.

                          Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                            39

                                             
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

EDISON*™

PHONOGRAPH RECORDS

   REDUCED TO 35 CENTS EACH

    This price buys the same rich, loud, pure-toned Records that have made the Edison Product famous.

    They are the most perfect reproductions of sound ever made.

    The constant improvement that has carried them beyond competition will be as zealously continued.

    This price places the famous Edison Phonograph and its equipment within the reach of thousands who do not now own one.

                      You need an Edison Phonograph to entertain your friends. It is the only infallible amusement for every sort of visitor, and the best of fun for yourself.

     If you want good times this season buy an Edison Phonograph.     UCxtoon,

               SOLD BY DEALERS EVERYWHERE. GO HEAR IT. CATALOGUES FREE

            NATIONAL PHONOGRAPH CO., Orange, N. J.

NEW YORK               CHICAGO                SAN FRANCISCO             LONDON

                                                      Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                       40
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Length, 5 ft., 3% in. Width, 4 ft., 10K in.

Ivers ti Pond

    PIANOS

                4*

                          Announcing Advanced Styles

 New models of grand and upright pianos especially prepared for 1905 are now ready for shipment, and our catalogue with beautiful half-tone pictures and full descriptions of all our new styles will be sent free upon request. As one of the world’s largest makers of artistic and strictly first-class pianos, we do not hesitate to declare that more perfect pianos musically or mechanically have never been made. While before all our ambition has been to attain superiority in tone, delicacy of action and durability, yet we make equally keen efforts to secure the most tasteful and artistic case designs, and our latest models are the most attractive we have ever brought out.

                       How to Buy

\ 71 7e make it easy for you to purchase an ’ ' Ivers and Pond piano wherever you may live. If that be where we have no dealer, after receiving our catalogue, factory prices and explanation of our system of selling pianos on easy payments (twelve, twenty-four or thirty-six monthly remittances), you can order a piano with the assurance that it will be personally selected by an expert, and sent for trial in your home wherever in the United States you may live. If in any way it fails to please you, the piano may be returned to Boston at our expense for railway freights both ways. We take old pianos in exchange. The most inexperienced buyer in dealing with us is assured of receiving as fine a piano at as low a price as the sharpest trader. Write us to-day.

                                AAA

                  IVERS 4 POND PIANO CO.

                       161 Boylston Street, Boston

Style 409

BOUDOIR MODEL.

                                            Height, 4 ft., 4^2 in- Width, 5 ft., 2% in. Depth, 2 ft., 1% in.

   A small-room upright with exquisite tone quality and wonderful power, in these respects strikingly resembling the grand. Here is for the first time a miniature upright which will satisfy critical musicians. Like the concert grand, it has 7H octaves, overstrung scale, three wire unisons to each note (except in wound bass strings), the improved agraffe, and the sounding-board bridge “ built up ” of transverse layers of rock-maple, cemented together under hydraulic pressure to prevent cracking. In all respects it is so much superior to other small uprights that we will ship it on trial to any United States city or village where we have no dealer. If it fails to please, it may be returned to Boston at our expense for both railway freights.

                                                 “PRINCESS GRAND ”

  A little grand for use “ where room counts.” Tone of exquisite quality and great volume. Swiss repeating action, combining power and extreme delicacy. Tune-staying and wear-resisting qualities unsurpassed. Duplex scale, sounding-board bridge built up of rock-maple veneers, 7octaves, 3 unison wires to each note except in wound strings, very latest improvements. The most perfect and delightful small grand piano ever made. You can try it in your own home before you buy. Send for our artistic half-tone picture and full description of the “Princess Grand.”

                                               Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                               41
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Direct—From Factory To You.

THL

 SolidWhite Porcelain Inside

                      DIFFERENT FROM ALL OTHERS

      The MONROE is a high-grade refrigerator built for the household. It is the only refrigerator on the market with food compartments of SOLID PORCELAIN "WARE. Other makers use pieces of tile, white glass, or enameled iron and call it porcelain. Do not be deceived.

Our food compartments are moulded in ONE SINGLE PIECE, crevices for food to decay in.

 There are therefore no joints or

    Our PORCELAIN WARE is white, and the heavy glaze makes it possible to clean it as easily as a china dish; the porcelain does not break or craze—and is durable.

    The handsome oak exterior and the substantial construction in every detail makes us safe in guaranteeing a MONROE. We therefore offer to ship you one on APPROVAL, FREIGHT PREPAID TO YOUR RAILROAD STATION, and refund your money if not satisfied. All sizes carried in stock for immediate shipment; special sizes built to order.

    The only way to purchase a MONROE is direct from us. We have no agents. Write for catalogue B —it is free.

           Non roe Refrigerator company.

                                                                         NEW YORK OFFICE -^2 CORTLANDT ST.

                                        MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY

                                       LOCKLAND, OHIO.

Stop buying new

Our temple attachment is the ouno

                                                              [ Full description for card to Dept O 21 Union Square, New York

Gall LembKc

  $40.00 A WEEK.

                       Reliable man or woman ea 1 county as manager to exhibit, take orders, appoint agents for Harrison Valveless Oil-Gas Stoves. Wonderful Invention — beats others — Automatically generates fuel gas from kerosene—Miniature gas works—Absolutely safe—Enormous demand—Splendid for summer cooking;—Delieht customers—Cheap, clean, safe fuel. Gasoline is dangerous. Catalogue Free. Write today. WORLD MFG. CO., 568? World B’ld’g., Cincinnati, O.

                                    HOME BILLIARDS AND POOL

The Indianapolis Combination Table

                                 LIBRARY—DINING—BILLIARD—POOL'

                                         Three Tables in One

A beautiful Library or Dining Table. A High-Class Billiard and Pool Table. Best materials, beautifully finished, slate beds, regularly equipped. Ask for payment plan and elegant catalog.

                                  COMBINATION BILLIARD MFG. CO.

                                                                   9=19 Ingalls, Indianapolis, Ind., U. S. A.

 YOUR HOME IS MUCH

 of your life and happiness. Have it built with your gathered ideas worked into it and “ it will be a joy forever.”

    Send for some of my books. There are 250 designs to selectfrom, order according to cost of home desired. (No. 12 for anything over $2500.) Send me sketch of your own ideas combining any plan or not. I will scale it up and give estimate cost and cost for full plans. BOOK no FREE. Cost of all books applied on cost of plans—try me once.

 6... .56 Designs...........Cost to Build, $250 to $1600..35 cents Silver

 7  ...57  “  ............. “     “    “   1600  “ 2500. .25 “   “

 9  .. 30  “  (12 Stables).... “  “    “   3600  “ 8000 .25  “   “

 10  ...37 “  (20 One-story)      “ “  “    450 “  3000 .25  “   “

 12  . .50 “  (Colonial)       “  “    “   1200 “  10000. $1.00

Books contain views, figures, floor plans, description and estimated cost.

D. S. HOPKINS, 77 Aldrich Bloch, Grand Rapids, Mich.

                                                    Please mention McClure’s when you -'rite to advertisers.

                                                                                     42
                                                                                     
                                                                                      [pgbrk] 
                                                                                     
                      McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

          Y difficulty is to make strangers believe me—believe that the offer that I make is sincere; that I will do as I say; that my cigars can possibly be what I claim for them. I would give a good deal to have every man who reads this advertisement look straight into my mind as I am writing it. He would find no evasion or mental subterfuge there. The best that I can do is to take the burden of proof on myself.

   MY OFFER IS :       I will, upon request, send one hundred

Shivers’ Panetela Cigars on approval to a reader of

McClure’s Magazine, express prepaid. He may smoke ten of the cigars and return the remaining ninety at my expense if he is not pleased— and no charge. If he keeps the cigars he agrees to remit the price, $5.00, within 10 days.

   In ordering, please use business letter-head, enclose business card or give me references. Unfortunately an occasional man is found who is too mean to return the cigars or too dishonest to pay for them.

   I will find no fault if the cigars do not suit your taste. I can only repeat : They are        made of clean,

sweet, long Havana filler of good quality, without any drugging or doctoring or flavoring; that the wrappers are genuine Sumatra leaf; that they are the      equal of, in fact

better than, most      ten cent cigars,

and that I am willing to risk one-tenth of the cigars and exprcssage both ways for the mere chance of making you a customei. Isn t this taking   the    burden  of proof on myself?       And what could

I   gain by sending    cigars that would not      stand this test ?

Shivers’

Panetela

EXACT SIZE AND SHAPE

               HERBERT D. SHIVERS

906 Filbert Street          PHILADELPHIA. PA.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    43
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

mm

mMmmmM,

This n Y and E n Secftional Stack contains:

17 in. Tep No. 10

                   Grandfather’s Office Methods Won’t Do!

            [ Business is too stremuous these days for the man who uses the same office methods his grandfather did.

      1 Were you to investigate, you’d find that the OFFICE MANAGER or BUSINESS HEAD who is keen, wide-awake—whose office organization works smoothly and evenly — has a drawer in his desk, or a flle-drawer close at hand, where he keeps the latest Office System catalogues as fast as they are issued.

                                     «I THE "Y and E" IDEA means doing away with every bit of needless red tape — cut out special thinking wherever an AUTOMATIC METHOD will handle routine work — reduce Correspondence and Record-keeping to its simplest form.     tj

                                    *T You may not need a nY and E" Method NOW.

                                    1 Better get a copy of new ’ Y and E" catalogue No. 813 just the same.

                                  It may make you think of something NOW

                                 that will save you a good deal of energy in the months to come. Anyhow, it will tell you whether you are DOWN-TO-DATE or not on Office Methods.

                                         Yawman and Erbe Mfg. Co.

                                         Main Factories and Executive Offices: Rochester, N. Y.

                                 New York    Pittsburg   Washington    Chicago      San Francisco

                                 Boston      St. Louis  Philadelphia   Cleveland    Minneapolis

                                          The Office Specialty Mfg. Co. Limited, Toronto-Montreal

                                                                                                                             CATALOGUE

                                                                                                                                813

                                                                                                               serri postpaid on your request

Vertical Filing Section No. 59

25-in. Base No. 5

 ■MnM

                               A,

       PayYour Friends jm the Subtile Compliment

     of writing to them on paper chosen with thought and consideration. Ordinary papers —purchased haphazard—are generally unsatisfactory to write upon, and reflect little credit on your taste and selection.

                                  The Eaton-Hurlbut Writing Papers

        “The Papers that Appeal ” are ordinary only in one particular— price. Not fad or freak papers at fancy figures, but high-class papers that appeal to all people of discriminating taste.

 For sale by most good stationers. Samples of Highland and Twotone Linen for name of dealer not carrying them.

                              EATON-HURLBUT PAPER CO.

                                       PITTSFIELD, MASS.

 THE LOCKE ADDER

 ^Aluminum

  | CAPACITY 999.999,999^,

                                                               The $5 calculating machine j* which does more work than *

  I the most expensive. Adds I 9 columns at once; Sub- .

  I tracts—Multiplies— .

  . Divides. Sim-j pie, rapid,

  I handy.

   See Our

   Exhibit^

   Aisle B, LibeAil Arts Build-^ ing, St. LouiS^ Exposition

                                                                                                                                                                          Cannot

                                          make mistakes—lasts a lifetime.

                                It is all you claim for it.—A. R. Harper, Danville, III. We highly recommend it.—Jas. Wallace and Son, Parnassus, Pa.

                                                                                                                            Size 4 x 10% inches. Price $5.00 prepaid in the. United States. Write for FREE booklet. Agents wanted. E.LOCKE MFG. CO., 21 Walnut St., Kensett.Iowa

                                                THE BEST GUIDE TO WORLD’S FAIR

  The handsome publication which the Grand Trunk Railway System has issued descriptive of the World’s Fair, St. Louis, Mo., has been very much admired by all who have seen it, and the Company are deluged with requests for copies of the publication. The book is a very useful one, giving as it does a brief, though comprehensive description of the $50,000,000 Fair, including the best maps of the World’s Fair Grounds, the City of St. Louis and the Grand Trunk Railway System showing variable routes to and from the “ Ivory City.” No one should miss securing a copy which will be sent on receipt of four cents in stamps.

                                               FRANK P. DWYER, Eastern Passenger Agent, Grand Trunk Railway System, 290 Broadway, New York, N.Y.

                                                             maraanrgfiiaj

                                                            ALL THE STANDARD MACDINES FOE Sale or RentntllBU MANUFACTURERS’ PRICES. EACH MACHINE FULLY (?0Ag* ANTEED. SHIPPED WITH PRIVILEGE OF EXAMINATION. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

                                               Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                               44

                                                                 TypewriterEmporiuin,202---—6'

 CHICAGO-
 [pgbrk]  McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

L.E. Waterman Co., 173 Broadway, N. Y,

DAY’S White Paste

                                    Pure white; can’t soil anything. Never sours or moulds. Made to stick and does. Largest Jar and Best Paste for

Office, Library and Photos

On your Desk at the Office and at Home—a daily helper. Brush and Paste always soft, in our improved jar and water-well.

                                                Day’s large jar at Stationers,

                                                 Sample jar postpaid, 25c.

                                             Also sold in bulk for large users.

Circulars Free.

                                  DIAMOND PASTE CO., 64 Hamilton St., Albany, N.Y.

“Day's” at all dealerB or Sample Jar by mall, 26c.

What Is Daus’ Tip-Top ?

TO PROVE that Daus’ “Tip-Top”Is the best and simplest device for making 100 copies from pen-written and 50 copie s from typewritten original, we will ship complete duplicator, cap size, without deposit* on .ten (10) days* trial.

                                            Price$7.50 less trade ap- _.i

                                   discount of 33^$., or 30 Blob

                                  THE FELIX H, DAU8 DUPLICATOR CO. Dans Building:. 111 John St., NewYork City.

I Print

 My Own Circulars Cards andc.

$5 PRESS

Saves money. Big profit printing for others. Large press for book, newspaper $18. Full instruction sent for use. Write for catalogue, presses, type, etc., to factory. THE PRESS CO.

                                                                                                                     Meriden, Conn.

Circular Letters

   are quickly and easily reproduced on the

Rotary Neostyle

   The original is written on the typewriter or by hand on specially prepared paper. This copy goes into the machine and from it you can print 60 copies per minute by hand or 100 per minute if you have the electric motor attachment.

   Your office equipment is not complete without it. No other duplicating device is half so satisfactory.

   Catalogue free on request. Postal card is sufficient.

Neostyle Co.

  34 Reade St., New York.

                                              217 Clark St., Chicago.

                                               150 Franklin St., Boston.

                                                  Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   45
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Sent Prepaid

$1.00

If it is not Worth MORE to you send it back and We Will do the same With your Dollar

ALL KINDS OF RECORDS

can be arranged better and found quicker in our Loose Leaf Binders than if kept in any other way

   THE FOLLOWING OUTFIT SENT ON APPROVAL IN THE UNITED STATES, GASH WITH ORDER:

ONE IMPROVED FLAT OPENING LOOSE LEAF BINDER — Covered with Imported Buckram; size 5V\ in. high, 8% in. wide, 1 % in. thick; securely holding 200 sheets.

TWO HUNDRED FINE QUALITY LINEN BOND SHEETS—-Ruled in colors (not printed), choice of five shades, size 5 in. high by 8 in. wide.

ONE COMPLETE SET ALPHABETICAL INDEX SHEETS—To fit Binder, with durable tabs printed on both sides.

TWENTY-FIVE MOORE’S MOVABLE METAL MARKERS — For indexing records Alphabetically and According to Date.

ONE SPECIAL HEAVY INDEX SHEET —Numbered from 1 to 31.

Onr T7rPP           "Moore’S Modern Methods'1

VJUr P ree .PUUK containsone hundred and ;    "       ; twenty^ pages of valuable

information on the subject of Bookkeeping and Loose Leaf Accounting. A postal brings it.

JOHN C. MOORE CORPORATION

   [Founded 1839], Printers and makers of everything in the line of Blank Books, Loose Leaf Binders,

   Post Binders, Clutch Binders and Office Stationery.

218 Stone Street

Rochester, N. Y.

Better and Cheaper Than Card Systems

THIS OUTFI

WILL PROVE IT

                         '’TAUGHT by mail

   YOU will be as-*■ ton

                                                      HAS PUT THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS IN THE POCKETS OF OUR STUDENTS

tonished to read our 80-page book of information. (Illustrated.)

    It will tell you how our practical courses by correspondence bring success. How a great many are enabled to earn good salaries, and rise to better positions; we helped them do it. What we have done for others, we can do for you. Our Institute is endorsed bv Thomas A. Edison and others. Courses in Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Steam Engineering, Mechanical Drawing, Telephony, Telegraphy, Electric Lighting, Electric Railways, Electric Motorman’s Course, Mathematics, Short Electrical Course, Dynamo Tender’s Course, X-Rays. Write for our book; we send it free. State subject which interests you most.

                                                       Electrical Engineer Institute of Correspondence Instruction Dept. B, 240 West 23d Street New York

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers. 4 6
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

nr]

AND

                       DESKS

AND FILING DEVICES

  Below is one of the combinations of our filing devices showing arrangement of units that can be made suitable for any business.

The above Illustration shows our combination filing device made with narrow top and base to stand on roll top desk. It makes a most practical and convenient filing cabinet at very small cost.

             OUR. NE.W “400” SE.RIE.S.

           No. 400 (like cut above) has deep drawer arranged with VERTICAL FILING EQUIPMENT, writing bed not broken by typewriter, which disappears in dust-proof compartment.

     No. 402 is same as No. 400 in flat top style.

     No. 401 differs from No. 400 only in that left hand pedestal is all drawers (no typewriter shelf.)

     No. 403 is the same as 401 in flat top.

     All in selected quarter sawed oak, rubbed and polished finish.

     GUNN DESKS are made in 250 different patterns, in all woods and finishes, fitted with our time saving drop-front pigeonhole box. If you desire an up-to-date office desk of any description and best possible

 value for your money get a GUNN.

     Our reference—“The User—The Man with a Gunn.”

     Sold by all leading dealers or shipped direct from the factory. Send for catalogue of desks and filing devices—mailed free. Makers of the famous GUNN Sectional Bookcase.

                           GUNN FURNITURE CO., Grand Rapids, Mich.

 Perfect in Mechanical Action.

 It is a type lever or type bar machine. It has visible writing in its truest form. It has unlimited speed. Beautiful print. It is a heavy manifolder.

 A high-grade writing machine sold for $40. Active agents desired in territory not allotted.

   SUN TYPEWRITER COMPANY

 23^R0ADWA^^^^^^^NE^0RK

 ‘The SUN

                       Typewriter No. 2

YOST WRITING MACHINE CO

                                                 Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  47
 [pgbrk] McCLURE' S MAGAZINE

T5he HARMONIST

SELF-PLAYING PIANO

looks like a piano, and may be played by the ordinary method. But if your home or club possesses an electric light fixture, just start the motor and playing mechanism and presto! the world’s best music is at your command.

        Ten thousand titles is the Harmonist repertoire.

        That’s better than entertaining Paderewski.

        Write for booklet with full particulars.

R.OTH SSL ENGELHAR.DT

              Proprietors Peerless Pia.no Pla.yer Company

Windsor Arcade, Fifth Avenue, New York

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   48
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     49

            All the time— On time—Every time

         When you’re ready the Oldsmobile will go. The name stands for reliability. TheiOldsmobile is built v to ran and does it.

       Oldsmobiles embody all the advanced ideas and successful practical principles in automobile Construction.

                                             Oldsmobile

                                                Light

                                              Tonneau

                                                 Car

                                              i Illustrated below)

                                             Price $950

                                   Oldsmobile Standard Runabout Price $650

                                                   One of the first things that impresses you regarding the Oldsmobile Light Tonneau Car is the handsome and attractive exterior. The first ride arouses your enthusiasm over the comfortable and com- .

- modious tonneau and the perfect working of the springs. These cars are equipped with hub brakes controlled by foot lever, tilting steering post, safety device which relieves compression and prevent^ “back fire," honeycombed radiator, divided front seat, main bearings are self-oiling, cylinder and cylinder heads are cast integral, spark plug and carburetor accessible by lifting the foot '^r/. yf     board. These are only a few of the distinct and special features that characterize the //.

\\        Oldsmobile Light Tonneau Car.                                                       ///

             For further particulars caU^rf'bur tft;arests§ales agent or write direct to /v/   J1

\                             Olds   Motor WorKs ^

B^^^Detroit, ^                                                m
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                     as a city motor-car

       Start quickly but gently; stop quickly but gently ; the minute you want to; ride easily; no jolting or jerking—that is part of the pleasure of riding about the city in a Franklin.

       All days are alike to the Franklin: no cooling-troubles in summer ; no freezing-troubles in winter. You can go out every day in the year if you own a Franklin, with its wonderful

           Four-cylinder Air-cooled Motor

       With the tonneau off, it makes an ideal touring car for two. Plenty of room for baggage, swift on the level, lively on the hills. Reliable, easy to control, and easy to fix because it is so simple.

       With the tonneau on (see picture—five minutes makes the change) it is a little less speedy on both hill and level, but speedy enough, and is just as easy to manage and fix.

       No other motor-car begins to be so easy-riding as the Franklin.

       Light Car Light Tonneau 24 H. P. Touring Car

             Send for catalogue which tells the facts clearly.

   H. H. Franklin Mfg'. Co., 300 Geddes Street, Syracuse, N.Y.

                  Me?nber Association Licensed Automobile Manufacturers

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     50
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

                                           Members of the Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers.

                                              Please mention McClure’9 when you write to advertisers.

                                                                              5 1

          A very good idea of the superb style and comfortable capacity of the 24 horsepower four cylinder Pope-Toledo

          Touring Car, price ?3,50Q, can be had from the above picture. This car is the most popular in America today

  I                ■                                      .

          because it has greater horsepower for weight, greater speed,

          ■ _ more style, and absolutely noiseless engines. From tire to

          tonneau Pope-Ouality is in evidence.

                      Our 1904 catalogue gives the details of construction which has put the Pope-Toledo at the head of the procession.

          POPE MOTOR CAR CO. central Ave.. Toledo, O.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGA ZINE

UNHEARD = OF EXCELLENCE

embodied

the WINTON QUAD.

 Consider a 24. h. p. four cylinder car, with weight perfectly distributed, all working parts instai get-at-able, practically automatic in operation, governed by air pressure —a car luxuriously_com-fortable, thoroughly substantial, safe and swift, and you describe the WINTON QUAD. $3000 f. o. b. Cleveland. Complete description and diagrams are ready.

PROMPT

DELIVERY

ASSURED

                                                                                             NEW YORK

The Winton Motor Carriage Co.

              Member A. L. A. M.

         CLEVELAND, O., U. S. A.

 WINTON AGENCIES EVERYWHERE

                                               CHICAGO

    *1 Do you want an automobile you can drive year in and year out without constant worry ? Do you want a machine that has few parts, and all of them instantly accessible ? Do you want to understand intelligently, in an hour’s time, the operation of every part ? Then, you want to buy any one of the six models of

Model “H’

Touring Cars

 $850

                                                                                    At the Factory

•I Model “H,” here shown, will carry four people anywhere any car can go. It has full elliptic springs, two powerful brakes 28 inch wheels, 3 inch tires, 81 inch wheel base, large cylinder, 7 actual h. p. engine, two lamps and horn, detachable tonneau, and sells for only $850.00 at the factory.

                                            Six different models, $750.00 to $1,350.00 atthe factory.

                                             Writ* for new Art Catalogue and "A Little HiBtory.”

Thomas B. Jeffery and Company, Kenosha, Wis., U. S. A.

                                   Chicago Branch, 302-304 Wabash Ave. Boston Branch, 146 Colombo* Ave.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    52
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

A Modern Gasoline Car. Every feature up-to-date. Full POPE quality and reliability ; 10 H. P. - $1,200

Without Tonneau...........................1,050

      Immediate Deliveries

                     and

 ft

                    The most for the least money. Every modern essential. The high-grade, low-priced Gasoline Runabout; 6 H. P. Price, $650

                                  All Ready for Delivery

                                                     BRANCHES :

          New York — 12 Warren St. San Francisco, Cal.—451 Mission St.

          Boston—223 Columbus Ave.    PHILADELPHIA,   PA.— 999 Arch St.

                                 Providence, R. I.—15 Snow St. Chicago, III.—497 Wells St.

                                          Washington, D. C.—819 14th St, N. W.

                                        Members Association Licensed Automobile Manufacturers.

          '

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    S3
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

   REPEATING RIFLES FOR HUNTING.

   Shoot a Winchester once and you will shoot a Winchester always: That’s because Winchester rifles after a test of over thirty years represent today in accuracy, reliability and quality, the highest development in gunmaking. Whatever your preferences may be, some one of the nine different Winchester models will surely suit you; for they are made in all calibers, styles and weights. Use Winchester guns for all kinds of shooting and Winchester cartridges for all kinds of guns.

              See our Exhibits at St. Loais in Manufacturers and Fish and. Game Buildings.

   WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO.. -                NEW HAVEN, CONN.

M 6 M PORTABLE

Summer Cottages Automobile Houses Children’s Play Houses Hunters* Cabins Photograph Galleries, Etc.

                          Made by automatic machinery whGre the wood grows.

Better built and better looking than you can have constructed at home and at much less cost. Wind and water tight. Artistic in design. Constructed on the Unit System. (Panels interchangeable.)

 Houses shipped complete in every detail. Can be erected and ready for occupancy from 6 to 24 hours after arrival at destination, according to size of house.

                          NO NAILS. NO STRIKES. NO CARPENTERS. NO WORRY.

                             Everything fits. Anyone can erect them.

                          WE PAY THE FREIGHT.

 Write today for catalogue. Tell us what you want and we will give you a delivered price at once.

                          MERSHON a MORLEY COMPANY. 610 Broadway. SAGINAW, MICH.

HOUSES

MOTORBOATS

                            Launches, Steam andsail Yacnts Row Boats, Hunting Boats,Canoes Speed, Pleasure, Bustos.

   RACINE BOATS are the “limit” of perfection, and will satisfy the most fastidious. If you have a “ Racine ” there will be “ something doing ” at once. Our 64-page catalog illustrates the truth in detail about the best boats built. Write for it to-day. Agencies in principal cities. Address Racine Boat Mfg. Co. (Riverfront), Muskegon, Mich.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   54
 [pgbrk]  McCLURE' S MAGAZINE

^Locomobile]

   fASOLENE car®

       Equal to the best foreign cars in material and workmanship. Any of

      our many satisfied customers will attest the correctness of this statement. We use front vertical motors exclusively.

                             Prices $2100 up

      Our car may be examined and tried at any of the following branch offices:

       New York, Broadway and 76th St.; Philadelphia, 249 N. Broad St.; Chicago, 1554 Michigan Ave.; Boston, 15 Berkeley Street.

      The Locomobile Company of America

                           Factory: Bridgeport, Conn.

                            Member Asso. Licensed Auto. Mfrs.

                                                   LIGHT GASOLENE TONNEAU MARK X LI 11

       Without special gears or extra devices of any kind, regular stock model, with full touring equipment, won event for cars costing from $1,000 to $1,800 in Mount Washington Climbing Contests; also Gold Medal in White Mountain Endurance Run.

                                                      Price $1,750

         Catalogue will be sent on request; also special catalogues of Columbia Electric Town Carriages and Commercial Vehicles.

       ELECTRIC VEHICLE CO., HARTFORD, CONN.

          NEW Y01IK:          CHICAGO  :        BOSTON  i

       134-138 W. 39th St. 1413 )Ilohi6nn Ave. 74 Sliinhope St.

                                              Member Association Licensed Automobile Manufacturers.

             Simplex i^utomobile

The first Product of an American. Factory, worthy of the name of an. AmericanAutomobile

                                           SEND FOR CATALOGUE

JyiiiHbySS^E)

513-519 Seventh Ave New York.N.V

                                                    MEMBERS A.L.A.M.

                                (Q~o)

 and

 o

 2

 Q

 2

 3

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     55
 [pgbrk]  McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

    “THE AUTOMOBILE WITH A REPUTATION BEHIND IT

  P I C1 p'TD T ^ For convenient local use the STUDEBAKER ELECTRIC has found A-* ■I—**—• ^ A lvlV great favor with physicians and those who require a horseless vehicle which can be easily and safely operated over city and suburban roads. Equipped with Edison and Exide batteries, and made in a number of different styles, from light runabout to heavy truck. The catalogue shows them. Will be sent free on request.

  C^ A QOT FMP" ^or distance touring, for reliability over all roads and at all seasons, the

  VJilkjUI -jIjI 1 Lj STUDEBAKER TONNE AU Touring Car has the necessary power, strength and speed. Send for full descriptive catalogue and price-list.

                    STUDEBAKER AUTOMOBILE COMPANY, SOUTH BEND, IND.

                           Member Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers Agencies in all principal cities. See opposite page

    TujlE.Wirt

                 .sp ountain[en

                        THE BEST f

                 Sold 011 its Merits the World Over For Twenty-five Years.

                      Improved, beautiful line in fifty styles.

                      Clean, efficient, durable and reliable.

     Send for Catalogue. All dealers, or address BOX G 3, - - . BLOOMBSCEfi, PA.

WASHBURNE’S K FASTENERS

 The Fa_stener with a.

 BULL-DOG GRIP

 Men find comfort and utility in their use. Applied to

   Key Chain and Ring, 25c. Cuff

   Holders,. 20c. Scarf

   Holders,. 10c. Drawers Supporters, 20c.

                                                                           Sent

                                                                        Postpaid.

                                                                                                                                                    Little, but Never Let Go.

          Cata-logue Free.

                                                             Sold Everywhere.

                                                            American Ring Company,

                                                                 Depths

                                                            Walerburj.CoDD.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   56
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

               STUDEBAKER VEHICLES FOR EARLY FALL

 \Y7ITH the first liint of Fall weather comes the necessity of replenishing your stable equipment. The STUDEBAKER principle of producing a complete line of vehicles, together with appropriate harness, robes, blankets and accessories, makes it an easv matter to replace equipage which has outlived the best# period of usefulness. STUDEBAKER FALL MODELS, which are now on sale throughout the country, include an extensive variety of popular types. STUDEBAKER STYLE is standard in the vehicle world, while quality and workmanship are best expressed by the word “ flawless.” Early orders will be filled promptly

                        STUDEBAKER BROS. MANUFACTURING COMPANY REPOSITORIES

 New York City, Broadway, cor. 48th Street   Portland, Ore., 330-334 East Morrison Street

 Chicago, III., 378-388 AVabash Avenue             Denver, Cot.., cor. 15th and Blake Streets

 Kansas City, Mo., 810-814 Walnut Street           Salt Lake City, Utah. 157-159 State Street

 San Francisco, Cal., cor. Market and 10th Streets Dallas, Texas, 317-319 Elm Street

                                         Local Agencies Everywhere

 LOCAL AGENTS

 wanted everywhere to get subscriptions for

  McCLURE’S

  No experience necessary. Anyone can do the work.

  CASH PRIZES

 will be given for the largest lists, in addition to a liberal commission on each subscription. $500.00 contest ends September 30th. Plenty of time to get into it. Winter contest will be announced later. Get a start now.

 CUT OFF-

  The S. S. McClure Co.,

         44-60 East 23d St., New York, N. Y.

    Send at once, without charge, pamphlet, “ Hints to Local Agents,” and full particulars about prize subscription offer.

 Name... Address .

 Jhe King

   Air Rifle

   As near perfection as an Air Rifle can be made. Safe and strong and a true shooter. Black walnut stock, pistol grip, steel barrel, nickeled f shoots B B and handsomely shotanddarts

  polished. Just what the boy

  wants, h i m “ King

  and he’ll be a king

                  and is a constant source of healthy amusement every d ay in the year. Trains the eye , teaches muscle control and encourages wholesome recreation. Get your boy a “King.”

                PRICE Single Shot, $1.00 Repeating, $1.25

     From dealers, or prepaid, direct from factory on receipt of price.

                                                Ask for our Catalog

 The MARKHAM AIR RIFLE CO.

   Plymouth, Mich., U. S. A.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    57
 [pgbrk]  McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

RtFLES

   Hunting wild and

       dangerous game by the light of the camp fire is attractive. The actual experience of the trail is rough and hard.” Under such conditions you need a rifle built to stand hard usage, one that will reach your game at long range if necessary and strike with deadly effect. We have four excellent sizes for such work. Write to-day for catalogue M.

 Savage Arms Co.

 Utica, N. Y., V. S. A.

   BAKER and HAMILTON. PACIFIC COAST ACTS. San Francisco and Sacramento, California.

                                         SINGLE BARREL SHOT GUN

                                         " The high grade single gun."

   Simplest “take down’’ gun made. Top snap; center hammer; rebounding lock. 12, 16 and 20 gauges; automatic and non-ejector styles.

                                Your dealer can supply or we will sell to you direct. Illustrated Catalog tells about our complete line—Free.

                                   HARRINGTON and RICHARDSON ARMS CO. Dept. 12, Worcester, Mass.

                                              Makers of H and "Revolvers.

                    other place is full of men whose greatest regret is that their wives and children were left unprovided for. How easy it would have been to have made the future of their loved ones secure. May we send you our little booklet telling “ how ” ? We insure by mail.

 PENN MUTUAL LIFE, Philadelphia

 9100. to ^300. MONTHLY

        Men and women. Salesmen, Managers and General Agents, lightful business year round. Hustlers getting rich. Write to-day for brand-new plan and Special Offer this month. 100 per cent profits. No risk. Goods well advertised. National reputation. Fully guaranteed. Customers delighted. We’re an old firm, capital $100,000.00. Catalogue FREE. Any energctic man or woman can get good position, paying big wages.

                  WORLD MFG. CO.

            81 World Bide., Cincinnati, Ohio

 DflV’ A ¥ XV      DATA and Musical Compositions. We aril U I AL I I     I Ally range and popularize.

           : ON —                PIONEER    PUB. CO,

      —— ON    1  riui'iLLrv. x    ■

 C/TWT/^ 11 /*v\ m 516 Baltimore BuildinS

 SONG=POEMS chicago, ill.

 Reduced Rates

                     011 Household Goods to or from Colorado, California. Washington and Oregon.

   Write Belting Household Shipping:

 Co.* 95 D Washington St., Chicago. pW

                                                 Please mention McClurc’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  58
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

       Other “Pocket Revolvers” fail in one of the most important features of an arm. There is no grip — the handle is too small to afford a firm and at the same time an easy grasp. The Colt New Police Revolver has all the features of any pocket arm AND THE GRIP.

               COLT’S PATENT FIRE ARMS MFG. CO.

    HARTFORD, COININ., (J. S. A. London Office, 26 Glasshouse St., London, W. Catalog Mailed on Request.

 1 Pott Revolver wilt a Grip

   There’s a lot of invaluable gun inform ation in our catalogue (300 illustrations). It’s free for 3 stamps postage with our Experience Book, which tells many vivid tales of MARLIN prowess.

                                                                         THE MARLIN FIRE ARMS CO.

                                                                            No. 11 Willow Street, New Haven, Conn.

 The Man Who KnoWs

      goes duck hunting with a MARLIN repeating shotgun. He finds MARLIN accuracy and MARLIN buoyancy and ease of handling of considerable help when they fly fast.

       The unique MARLIN breech-bolt, that shuts out rain and water and keeps the shells dry, is another thing to consider, along with the solid top and side ejector.

                 The MARLIN 12-gauge is made for both black and smoke--t less powders, and to take heavy ^ loads easily. It has % less parts than any other repeating gun and handles very fast. A famous gun for hard usage and all weathers.

                                                   Plea9e mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    59
 [pgbrk]                                   ,A Catalogue Worth Having.

          Our new catalogue contains 90 pages and two supplements, cataloging over 500 pieces of the most attractive furniture ever sold direct from the factory to you. It shows fur-               »

        niture for the dining room, bed-room, library, parlor, hall and           *||

        kitchen sold at a

                                                                             Saving of 40 ... „ to 50 per cent

This Grace          ■

Clock, \ye ship on approval from quartered        1     11 .

oak 82 in- our own factory so there is no 824.:,ofh ann°yin£ delay, and we take others in all the risk because we know “Grace” furniture

oak and inn- -i, i

hogany as will please every one.

low as $15 Freight prepaid east of Dakota and north of Tennessee and allowed that far to points beyond.

                                                             This handsome new catalogue will be mailed free. It is certainly worth

examining. Be sure              Prompt   Delivery.

you get it before buying furniture; get the best and very latest patterns and save money.

                                                                               Furniture Co.

                                                                                            Grand Rapids, Mich.

              We made the first Safety Razor that made it impossible to cut '^^3 the face—we made them well enough to make the “Yankee” famous. This made competition, but it hasn’t lade a substitute for the “ Yankee.” This guarantee proves it—“If at the end of a thirty day test, you don’t find a

          “YANKEE” SAFETY RAZOR

  indispensable—if you don’t find selt-shaving a luxury and a benefit—if you don’t find it time-saving and immensely money- ^ | (Saving—your money back for your razor.” [ Write us a postal and we’ll tell you of^ the store in your town that sells ‘ ‘ Yankee”^ Safety Razors on these terms. “Yankee’’ SafetyRazors,guaranteed^^^^ and resharpened free,for one year,

     Postpaid, $2.00

 ^ The Reichard A Scheuber Mfg. Co. J

      64*66 Duane Street NEW YORK Send for Catalog

                                                Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers. 6o

McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                                                       SHELLS

 the good old dog, your trusty gun, the field or marsh where the birds lie—What more ?

        YOUR DEALER SELLS U. M. C. Nitro Club and Arrow smokeless powder shells especially loaded for all kinds of game shooting.

                                Try the new U. M. C. Short Range Shells {25 yds.) for close shooting.

                                THE UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE COMPANY

                              Agency, 313 Broadway. N. Y. City. BRIDGEPORT, CONN.
 [pgbrk]  McClure's magazine

This is wh

 Q

Accidental Discharge Impossible-''

True only if it is an

IverJohnson

   The positive safety device is the exclusive patent of the Iver Johnson Revolver.

 See the lever between the hammer and the firing pin? This lever is raised only when the trigger is pulled, receives the blow of the hammer and transmits it to the firing pin. That’s why you can throw a loaded IverJohnson against a stone wall without fear—no discharge can possibly follow, as the hammer never touches the firing pin. It never fails when you pull the trigger and never “goes off” when you don’t.

           Iver Johnson Safety Automatic

                 Price: Hammer, $5.00; Harrvrrverless, $6.00

    Iver Johnsons are sold by dealers the world over, or direct from us if your dealer won’t supply

             Please send/or descriptive catalogue, free upon request. It tells all about it.

    IVER JOHNSON’S ARMS AND CYCLE WORKS, FITCHBURG, MASS.

THE GARRISON SHOTGUN ROD AND CLEANER

 The Famous Porter Storage Battery

                  Holds all records for long distance: 187 nr'les on one charge,

                  122 miles in ten hours on one c harge, long life, great efficiency. Batteries built for all purposes,

                  Car and House Lighting, all

  Stationary Work, Telephone and Signal Work, Automobiles, Ignitions, etc.

   For full particulars write

 PORTER BATTERY CO.

 195 So. Canal Street,         Chicago, 111.

   Slight pressure of fingers on lever expands the cleaner which firmly holds swab or oiled cloth. When used bare, the gauze pads will remove lead or powder quicker than any other cleaner.

   We took up the manufacture of this device only after the most exhaustive tests, which proved to our entire satisfaction that it is absolutely the best cleaner ever invented.

     It has greater durability, cleaLs more rapidly and perfectly; any desired pressure may be applied from chamber to choke, and cloth cannot become stuck in the barrel.

     Showing the Three Brass Gauze Cleaner Pads Partly Expanded.

   Wood Rod, 75c.; Brass Tube Rod, $1.25, prepaid, on 30 Days’ Approval

                    Our 1904 Catalog shows 18 new specialties. All are for sale by dealers or from us prepaid.

   MARBLE SAFETY AXE CO., = Dept. F, GLADSTONE, MICH., U. S. A.

Enable thus

helplrs

                                                                                                                                                        er limbB to go ubout \

                   Propelled entirely by hand lipht running. Strong, simple, safe. Our

Illustrated Catalogue Free.

  Shows many tricycles and invalid chairs specially designed for the comfort of cripples and invalids however afflicted. Addre

                                                                                                                               The Worthington Mfg. Co. Dept, D,

                                                                                                                                      [Successors tu Fay Tricycle and Invalid Chair

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  61
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                         IVinner' of the IJ} O -4 C"6s^»                    c 6^

                         J1 £kP di c CyO           ja t-T

 ^ Lt^liry and Pandjid Powder Co.. N'gw York City

   Generally acknowledged to be the most scientifically constructed, most handsomely designed and finished marine gas engine on the market. Suitable for any kind of a boat requiring from to 20 H. P. Either single or double cylinder. Our speed control. propeller equipment, igniter mechanism, lubricating arrangement and other features deserve your attention. We have the largest exclusive marine gas engine plant in the world; operating our own pattern, foundry, forge and machine departments. Our guarantee carries with it a weight that means something.

   Every engine is connected to its propeller and given an actual water test before placed in purchaser’s hands.

                                                Send 4c. in stamps for 1904 catalogue. ADDRESS DEPT. G.

                                           Smalley Motor Co., Ltd., Bay City, Mich., U. S. A.

                                                  Member of the National Association of Engine and Boat Manufacturers.

 COLFAX PONY “RIGS”

 Represent the very highest QUALITY in Pony Vehicle construction. Their styles are in accordance with the latest demands. They always please. Their durability and perfect safety for the little ones make them the most desirable to be had. Write to-day for catalogue and prices.

                  COLFAX CARRIAGE CO. South Bend, Ind.

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  62
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                Public Accountants Auditors Devisers of Complete Business Systems

                Manufacturers of Loose Leaf Binding and Filing Devices and Supplies

RETRENCH

By Omitting Unnecessary Expense

A BlKER-VtWTER SYSTEM

  1—Shows where you are making or losing money.

  2 —Shows where the expense is

      excessive.

  3 — Shows when and where to

      make changes profitably.

  4—Shows when and how to retrench effectively.

  5 — Shows an actual detailed state-

      ment of condition monthly or weekly if you choose.

  6 — Thus enables you to take in-

      telligent action to increase your profit and lessen your expense

LET US TELL YOU ABOUT IT - ASK FOR BOOKLET A

This rase ] contains the dry I I batteries.

   We have relinhle n

Put in your own Electric Door Bell

“All-In-One” Outfits make this easy. A boy of fifteen can do the work.

   This latest electric bell invention does away with putting batteries in cellars and out-of-the-way places, because bell and batteries are all in one.

   The black Japanned case to which the bell is attached—see cut—also holds the dry batteries. THE COMPLETE OUTFIT consists of combined bell and                  DDIPC     $0 nn

batteries, 130 feet of insulated wire, 2 handsome metal push buttons, rfllUL    00.UU

necessary screws, staples, etc., and book describing exact method for Express prepaid

putting up. Your money back if not exactly as represented. Reference—   in  U.     S.

Traders National Bank, Scranton, Pa. Descriptive pamphlet free upon request.

                                                    HARVEY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Real Estate Exchange, Scranton, Pa.

  PRICE EXPLAINED.

 FOR $5.00 TO $8.00 SEWING MACHINES SIMILAR TO THE MACHINE ILLUSTRATED HEREON. HAVE BEEN IHIOELY ADVERTISED.

  How sewing machines can be offered at these prices and why we can sell the HIGHEST GRADE Sewing Machines made In the world at much lower prices than any other house, is all fully

 |............................................

explained in our new big free Special Sewing Machine Catalogue.

Cut this advertisement out and send it to us and you will receive, by return mall, free, postpaid, our new big free Sewing Machine Cat-alogue, showing the most complete assortment of the highest grade IA Sewing Machines made In the world, all shown in large handsome halftone and colored illustrations, full descriptions and all priced at prices much lower than any other house can possibly make. With the Big Free Catalogue you will receive THE MOST ASTONISHINGLY LIBERAL Sewing Machine offer ever heard of, a new and marvelous proposition. How others can offer sewing machines at 85.00 to 88 00

1                     and  why we can sell at much lower prices than ail others will be fully

explained. We will explain why we can ship your machine the day receive your order, how we make the freight charges so very low (next to nothing), you will get our FREE TRIAL OFFER, SAFE AND PROMPT DELIVERY GUARANTEE. 25-YEAR BINDING QUALITY GUARANTEE.

YOU WILL GET OUR VERY LATEST SEWING MACHINE OFFER.

IIICTAI I If CUT PARTIAL PAYMENT PLAN EXPLAINED. How new sewing machines IliV I ALLnl tfl I ■ are exchanged for old ones, all fully explained when you write for Our Free SEWING MACHINE CATALOGUE. HAVE YOU ANr USE FOR A SEWING MACHINES If you have, don’t fail to cut this advertisement out today and mail to us. If you can t use a sewing machine at any price, call your neighbor’s attention to this advertisement. Don’t buy andny kind . ol a sewing machine at any price, for cash, on time or on installments, or don’t trade your old machine for a new one until after-you b*ve°uf this ad out and sent tt to us and get our big new Sewing Machine Catalogue FREE, with all our new offers, with everything expired, ALl

FREE FOR THE ASKING. We will tell you something about sewing SFARS ROEBUCK and CO., CHICAGO, ILL. machines you ought to know. WRITE TODAY. DO IT NOW. Address.                         nuuuuvn uc. w., vniunuv,

                                          Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

   63
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

Pocket Motps

              AND

  Road Guide

                            These maps are beautifully printed in colors and show on a large scale the streams, lakes, highways, trolley lines and railroads in New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, reached by the Lackawanna Railroad and its connections.

                      Invaluable to Automobile Tourists, Fishermen and Travelers.

                 A good map is a silent courier of out-door enjoyment Each of the maps in this edition is 1 7 x28 inches. They are neatly bound in one cover and may be had by sending 10 cents in stamps to T. W. LEE. Gen . Pass. Agent, Lackawanna. Railroad, N. Y. City,

Handsomely illustrated descriptive matter free on application to

                                                                        G.T. BELL, Qen’l Paas. and Tkt, Agt. GRAND TRUNK R’Y SYSTEM, Montreal, Canadt,

                                                            ALAN F. CAMPBELL, Royal Mdbkoka” Hotel, Lake Rosscau, Ont,

^oyal Musi

■     WU»OK« LA

   ‘‘ Pillar’d around by everlasting hills.

   Robed in the drapery of descending floods.”

NIAGARA FALLS

   One of the natural wonders of the world. A charming place at any season of the year, reached from every direction by the

NEW YORK CENTRAL LINES.

   A visit to the Falls is an object lesson in Geography ; an exhibition of landscapes that no painter can equal, and a glimpse of the latest developments of the industrial world.

  A copy of Four-Track Series No. 9, “ Two Days at Niagara Falls,” will be sent free, upon receipt of a two-cent stamp, by George H. Daniels. General Passenger Agent, Grand Central Station, New York.

■THIS SUMMER

Lakes of blue set with isles of emerald — Canoeing, Bathing, Fishing, Beautiful Water Trips, Golf and Tennis. Sleepful nights and happy days await you at the “Royal Muskoka” Hotel.

                                                                                                   Hay fever unknown.

                                                Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                 64
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                  he“ONEITA

  ft

  , PAT. APR 25 i 1893 I

A Shoe of Quality-$2i52

Merit

MERIT

  Very comfortable last having full toe and smooth-fitting arch and instep. Dresses tbeieet properly for any kind of a fall suit. M ade of thoroughly reliable materials selected for their fine wearing qualities.

  Style illustrated is Blucher-cut high shoe, made of smooth, wiry Box Calf, with attractive extension sole that will wear like iron.

Shoes embody the greatest" amount of service, comfort and style at lowest cost. They’re built in an up-to-date factory according to our own specifications, which require that Merit ” Shoes shall be made of only A-i quality leather on latest model lasts by workmen accustomed to making striccly high-grade shoes. Every pair is rigidly inspected by experts, and all shoes not up to the highest standard are rejected. Merit ” Shoes have proven themselves better than any other shoes sold for less than $3.50.

MERIT SHOES

Delivered, charges prepaid, on receipt of $2.75 per pair

Stores are being established in the principal cities as fast as desirable locations can be secured.

THE INTERNATIONAL SHOE CO.

                                 Mail Order Department 107 Summer Street, BOSTON, MASS.

A postal re-                               DOLLAR    OFF STORES

quest Drings you our        Greater New York—115 Nassau St.; 291 Broadway; *823 Broadway;

* all catalog, which illustrates the 1343 Broadway; 293 Eighth Avenue; *262 West 125th St.

latest Fall styles,and gives instruct     "Brooklyn, 1129 Broadway.

tions how to order. Youcanchoose Boston Store—103 Devonshire. Providence Store—220 Westminster St.

your OWN STYLE as accurately         Philadelphia Stores—147 North Eighth St.; 802 Chestnut St.

as if you TRIED ON THE SHOES.                 *  Women's Dept. also.

                                            ONEITA

                                         ELASTIC RIBBED UNION SUITS

  cover the entire body like an additional skin. Fitting like a glove, but softly and without pressure. No buttons down the front. Made for men, women and young people. Most convenient to put on, being entered at the top and drawn on like trousers. With no other kind of underwear can ladies obtain such a perfect fit for dresses or wear comfortably so small a corset. Made in great variety of fabrics and weights.

                                          Sold by best dealers everywhere.

  Send for Illustrated Booklet

                                          ONEITA MILLS,

                                               DEP'T V,

                                          1 Greene St., N. Y.

 Kryptoks

 areIN VISI BLE”Bifocals

    Near and far vision glasses WITHOUT this line dividing the two parts.

    Its bifocal nature cleverly concealed, the Kryp-tok lens restores the appearance and the clear vision of earlier years : young looking and easy to wear. Made to any formula, for spectacles or eyeglasses. Shown by associated manufacturers at A. S. Aloe Co.’s booth, Liberal Arts Building, St. Louis Exposition.

    Write the nearest manufacturer for booklet

  A. S. Aloe Co., St. Louis John L. Borsch and Co., Phila. Aimer Coe, Optician, Chicago Columbian Optical Co.,Denver, Kansas City and Omaha F. 11. Edmonds. Washington Chas. A. Euker and Co., Baltimore

   E. Klein and Bro., Cincinnati Andrew J. Lloyd and Co., Boston E. B. Meyrowitz, New Torb, Minneapolis and St. Paul Wedekind Optical Co.,

                         Louisville John Wlmmer, Indianapolis

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   65
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 KARPEN                              FURNITURE

   The “ tricks of the trade ’ ’ are exposed in our 64 page 11 Book D ” on Leather Furniture. Sent free to any one interested. Shows over 400 new and novel designs covered with best genuine natural grain leather made, ranging in price from $7.00 to $200.00. After reading it no one can sell you worthless “ split ” leather furniture and make you believe it is the best genuine natural grain leather.

   Most of the leather furniture seen in the stores is covered with “ split" leather, but you cannot distinguish it from real natural grain leather. So clever is the outside finish imitated that many dealers are deceived. Your only means of knowing positively that you are getting the best genuine natural grain leather is to buy Karpen Genuine Leather Furniture, guaranteed to be as represented or your money back. You can identify it by the two trade-marks shown below. Do not be persuaded to take any other. Karpen Furniture is famous for beauty of design and honesty of construction. The patented spring supports are the same as specified by the U. S. Gov’t in all its upholstery. Sold by all leading dealers.

 Kandrpei

                                         CilttkTMYlOOd

                                         UpKolsterod

                                         TMrivlivrtt

                                          OHIOAOO

 S. KARPEN 6 BROS.Jr“l'CB,CAG0’

  Established 1880.

                             . James Bld«„ NEW YORK.

  World’s Largest Makers of Fine Upholstered Furniture.

  Learner

  Furniture

  Kill them. Get rid of them entirely. Cutting won't do it. They grow all the faster and you expose yourself to blood-poisoning.

  A-Corn Salve takes the corn right out by the roots. No pain, no knife, no poison, no danger. Quick, easy, safe, sure. 15c at your druggist’s or by mail.

  A-Corn Salve has helped many people. Here’s what a few say:

From Leoni Peshak, Plymouth, Iowa.

  “ Enclosed please find 15 cents in stamps, for which send me a regular sized box of A-Com Salve. Last summer I wrote for a trial-size box, which helped my aching corns lots.” From Robert L,yte, Pentz, California.

  "Enclosed find 15c. in stamps, for which please send me one box of A-Corn Salve. It is the death-shot to corns—and no mistake about it.”

GIANT CHEMICAL CO., Philadelphia

If you are having any trouble with the finish on your floors, or are not entirely pleased with their appearance, it is certain you have not used LIQUID GRANITE, the finest floor finish ever introduced.

It makes a finish so tough that, although the wood will dent under a blow, the finish will not crack or turn white. This is the highest achievement yet attained in a Floor Finish, and is not likely to be improved upon.

Finished samples of wood and instructive pamphlet on the care of natural wood floors sent free for the asking.

BERRY BROTHERS, Ltd.

        VARNISH MANUFACTURERS New York Boston    Philadelphia Baltimore

                          Chicago Cincinnati St. Louis San Francisco Factory and Main Office:

                                         DETROIT

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    66
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                IT’S SO EASY TO LAY” ^

j^ex piintkote R oofing

    Con.rf^P«f0rS3?1

    VUiIIM*V'                The  “e^st, cheapest

          *       and most attractive floor covering made is our

                    Bruxelle Art Rug

                  woven in one piece, all sizes and colors, handsome patterns. Can be used on either side. Easily cleaned, warranted to outwear higher priced carpets. Delivered free and can be re. turned and money refunded if not as represented. Positively the cheapest and best thing of the kind manufactured.

                  THERE ARE NONE SO GOOD Catalogue free, showing goods in actual colors ; send to place nearest you.

          SANITARY MFG. CO., Inc.

                                Chicago, III.: 201 Omaha Building. Philadelphia, Pa. : 132 Oxford St.

    Be Your Own Boss!

MANY MAKE. $2,000.00 A YEAR. You have the same chance. Start a Mail Order Business at home. We tell you how. Money coming in daily. Enormous profits. Everything furnished. Write at once for our “Starter” and FREE particulars. Rf KRUEGER CO., 1SS Washington Street, Chicago, 111.

                                                                                               Please mention McClure’s

                               After years of use

                        the finish on “Sanitaire” metal beds is as hard, smooth and brilliant as when new.

                                                           Marion

  MARK

TRADE

                                                             oed Co

                                              Look for this trade-mark on the foot eud of all beds when buying if you would have the best.

It pays to insist on the “ Sanitaire ” make. Wears best—both lacquer and enamel—and comprises a great variety of beautiful designs.

                                     Buy of your dealer. If he hasn’t the style you desire, have him order it for you. Our catalogue shows many exclusive styles. Write for it.

                                             MARION IRON and BRASS BHD CO.,

102 Nelson Street,                               MARION,   IND.

when you write to advertisers.

67

          PRICKLY HEAT, CHAFING, and SUNBURN,

     "A little higher In price, perhaps, than worthless substitutes, but a reason for It. ’ Removes all odor of perspiration. Delightful after Shaving. Sold everywhere, or mailed receipt of 25c. Get Mennen’s (the original). Sample Free. GERHARD MENNEN CO., Newark. N. I
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Michaels-Stern Fine Clothing

in the new Fall and Winter styles is now shown by best retailers in nearly every city in the United States.

   Suits and Overcoats that fit as if made-to-measure by a high-priced tailor—$10, $12, $15, $18. $20, $22.50 and $25, up.

   Write for more information, name of retail dealer and our New Fall Booklet, “ B,” “Styles from Life,” FREE.

 Michaels, Stern and Co.

 Manufacturers

 ROCHESTER, N. Y.

  HAVANA

           from

  TIP*?TIP

                                                Honest Clear Through DON’T REMIT

Just write to us on your business letterhead and we will send you a box of 50

                                                                                                                     C0NS0LACI0N Clear Havana Cigars

     We believe every smoker would smoke LA RECLAMA CONSOLACION cigars we sell for $3 per box if they knew the wonderful value we offer.

     A clear straight Havana, 4 7-16 in. Our new cigar. Extra inducement as a leader. A special blend notably mild for an Havana considering the delightful bouquet and fragrance. The kind that sell generally in New York retail stores at TWO-FOR-A QUARTER.

     W, B. W., Esq., 1708 Pearl St.. Nashville, Tenn., says: “ Your cigars are the pinnacle of perfection. Material and workmanship cannot be equalled,”

     G. M. F., Esq., Mgr. Postal Tel-Cable Co., Newport, It. I., writes:  “After a very

   thorough trial of your cigarB, 1 unhesitatingly pronounce them the best smoke I ever had for twice the money.”

     R. M. G., Esq., 226 E St., Washington, D. C., says: “ In baying your cigars I have never failed to get more than my money’s worth.”

     This is your chance to get acquainted. We will send you a box of 50 EXPRESS PREPAID. After smoking several (free), if riot exactly suited to your taste, return balance expressage “ collect.” If you like them the box will cost you $3. We have built np the largest Havana Cigar trade in the country. We cater to fastidious tastes, selling direct to individual smokers and high-grade clubs only, genuine Havana goods at prices lower than charged for ordinary cigars. Our illustrated booklet sent to all shows other grades to $15.

     Write to-day, sending your letter head or business card and a box of fifty will be shipped to you at once. Mention color or strength desired.

                                                  LA RECLAMA CUBAN FACTORY 1854 First Ave., N. Y. Cily

                                                 Telephone, 352—79th. Established 1875. Refer: Union Exchanqc Bank, Fifth Ave.

                                                             All Com'I Reports.

  Please mention McClure’s when 68

                                THE SANITARY WASHING MACHINE

                                A marvelous invention that has successfully overcome all objections to a wooden washer. Lace curtains, comforters, clothing, etc., washed perfectly clean without tearing-Made of Galvanized Steel. Durable, simple, and effective. Sent on trial. A modern machine at a price within the reach of all.

                                AGJENTS WANTED to introduce this remarkable machine. To the industrious kind we offer interesting inducements ann exclusive territory.

                                The Sanitary Laundry Machinery Co.

                             33 Sixth St.,                   Tell City, Ind.

  you write to advertisers.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 20th Century Spring Beds

  are the most comfortable Beds in the v/orld. Our patented lug prevents warping or twisting and the pliable wire fabric is so arranged that there is no sagging or rolling to the center. You can be .{■ just as comfortable lying on edge /// of the 20th Century as in the /y middle.

                                                      % The 20th Century is .tv'

                                                            / G uaranteed for a Lifetime

         £? Our malleable iron corner cast- '% iy ings replacing old style cast iron % make it the strongest and lightest bed for the home.

                Ask Your Dealer For It If he hasn’t it send us his name and we will : send you a beautiful art picture together with our g;: illustrated catalogue of 20th Century Spring Beds. This trademark attached to our wire fabric promts you in buying the guaranteed 20th Century Spring Bed. Best 35 years ago. To-day 35 years better.

                   NATIONAL WIRE MATTRESS CO.,

                    110 Porter St., Wnterbiiry, Conii

 DEARBORN

  42 in. long 24 in. deep 38 in. high

                                                               JUNIOR

                                                             TYPEWRITER

  TABLE CABINET

    Guaranteed the most complete and perfect desk of its kind ever sold for $12.00. With door to paper cabinet, one dollar extra. Solid golden oak—beautiful 1 finish. Practical note book holder FREE with cabinet. Shipped on approval for price. Freight prepaid to Rocky Mts. Write for FREE illustrated catalogue of Dearborn Typewriter Cabinets.

                                                         DEARBORN DESK CO.,

    19-5 First Avenue,

               liirminu.h;im, Ala. Suite 000-100 Washincton St. Chicago, III.

Ask about the Dearborn Typewriter Chair, $6.00."

       Free Accident Policy

                                                                           insuring a g a i n s t breakage of rubber parts.

 No atudent’sequip-ment complete without a Parker

                                         Fountain Pen.

                                                                         Interesting—A Six-inch Aluminum Rule and Paper Cutter free lo any intending purchaser of a Parker Pen who will write us to this effect, and send stamp for postage on ruler.

     Let us send you our 20-page cata-' logue, “ The Reason Whyand the J name of a dealer where you can see Wthe pen with the “Lucky Curve.”

     THE

     PARKER PEN CO.

 3 4 Mill Street

 Janesville,

 Wis.

PARKE]

FOUNTAIN PEN

                                                    Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     69
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 You ought to use Lava soap in your home. It is so decidedly different from all other soaps, you will be delighted with it.

ItonfoAP

  leaves the skin absolutely clean and refreshed; instantly removes all dirt, grease or stains, makes your skin soft and smooth.

     Lava Soap is unexcelled for the toilet and the bath; cleanses every pore; removes dead cuticle.

      If your grocer does not keep it, ask him to get it for you. Or, send us his name and address and we will send you a sample free.

Wm. Waltke

                       St.

Company,

               Louis, Mo.

        Lava Soap has been adopted exclusively for use in the Toilet Rooms at the World’s Fair, St. Louis.

A FILIPINO WATER-CARRIER

    Child labor in the Philippine Islands is one of the sad conditions with which oar modern civilization was confronted when the United States assumed power. Much has been done to relieve it, and more yet remains to be done. Every humane heart must rejoice at the introduction of the

                                                                               Hot=Air Pump

    into these islands. For what is harder labor than carrying water by hand ? A little machine, therefore, which is practically automatic, constant in action, and which operates at a nominal cost, brings relief and opportunity, where before were only drudgery and endless toil. Here are illustrated the two extremes—the hardest and the easiest way of supplying water: take your choice.

 The Hot-Air Pump does away entirely with lugging water by hand, whether lor the bath, the kitchen, the lawn, the garden, or the livestock. Its abundant supply is ever present, a cooling joy and comfort during the hot weather. Descriptive Catalogue “G sent free on application.

Rider = Ericsson Engine Co. •

    35 Warren St., New York 40 Dearborn St., Chicago 40 N. 7th St., Philadelphia Teuiente-Rey 71. Havana, Cuba 2.'59 Franklin St., Boston 692 Craig St., Montreal, P. Q.

    22 Pitt St., Sydney, N. S. W.

                                                Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                 70
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                       There’s no substitute for satisfaction—none for the

                      A. B. Chase Piano

    Constancy to Jlighest^Ideal^ Faithfulness to Smallest Details, make the A. B. Chase Piano in its entirety

                          Without a Peer

                       Other pianos may partially please, but A. B. Chase Pianos

 Constantly Charm.

   They cost a little more, but the difference represents a

    Priceless Value

 For reasons send for “ Why

  and “Inside Information

                     The A. B. CHASE CO

                             Department B

                     Norwalk, Ohio, U.S.A

             Wonderful Mandolin and Violin Values.

 you ought to have in your piano.

  Solid Rose Wood Mandolin and Complete Outfit,

  $4.95

Musical

lostru

cation

                                                               ti-302. Outfit :onsist8 of one liiffh-grade Stradi-varius model violin, solid ebony trimmings. beautifully shaded and highly polished, splendid tone, violin alone is sold by other dealers from $8.00 to $12.00; woodenviolin case as illustrated, one Brazilian wooden bow with ebony frog, one set of best German strings, one violin tuner, one large rake of Vuillaume r o s i n: also A Free Instruction Book which teaches you scientifically, in an incredibly short time, to become an expert performer on this instrument, playing the most difficult mu sic at sight.

    Outfit shipped with the distinct understanding and agreement that if you are not satisfied with it after examining it and crying it, rnvinfTcrtr                                     you can return it to us

                               ACirrmITSELF        at our expeuse and we

                                                                                                                                             will refund your money.

   THE BIG STORE

 NEW YORKCITY,N.Y.

                                             Pricc of complete outfit, $3.95

A s illustrated,.

                                                                                                                                                                         E-.J01. Here is the greatest value ever offered in a mandolin outfit. The mandolin itself is worth more than double the price which we ask for the complete outfit, and could not be purchased from your local dealer for less than $12.00 to $14.00. The man-. dolin is made of solid rose wood. It has nineteen small and two large ribs with white holly strips between ; white i-pruce top of finest quality. Edge and sides are bound with white cellu-NKQjQieH loid fancy Marqueterie around the

  edges; the sound hole is bound and inlaid to match these edges. It has a beautiful French piano polish, mahogany neck with rose wood veneered head piece; ebonized finger boards with raised frets and pearl position dots. The finger board and head piece is bound with celluloid guard plate, fancy bridge bone saddle, nickel plated patent head, nickel plated tail piece; an instrument of which any professional player might well be proud. We include with this outfit A Free Instruction Book which teaches you scientifically, in an incredibly short time, to become an expert performer on this instrument, playing the most difficult music at sight. Also fine canvas case, as illustrated; two sets of strings; two picks; one mandolin tuner (set of four pipes). Outfit sold and shipped by us with the distinct understanding and agreement that after examining and trying it,if you do not find it satisfactory in every respect you can ship it back to us at our expense pp|r- rAmrvlpf/ fc/1 and your money will be refunded. rllCC» tuiiipicic,

 WRITE TO-DAY FOR CATALOGUE.

  Complete

    Violin

  Outfit,

 $3.95

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                      71
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                        Popping of lamp-chim-

neys is music to grocers. Macbeth.

 If you use a wrong chimney, you lose a good deal of both light and comfort, and waste a dollar or two a year a lamp on chimneys.

 Do you want the Index? Write me.

                                    Macbeth, Pittsburgh.

JHmWSEITEIt

FINE CHINA., RICH CUT GLASS

.OO

EACH

                                                                                                              Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers..

    PARTICULAR. PE.O

or those who have found difficulty in procuring tea to their taste are sure to find in the

             MATSURIBLEND a delightfully pleasant drink free from all raspiness. Matsuri is a mixture of several kinds of the best-grade black teas, in which only the young leaves are used. The formula of an expert tea taster of thirty years in testing; TEA

You do not have to acquire a taste for it; its almost fas-i cinating flavor and delightful aroma will satisfy the most: fastidious.     ONE   dollar

                        a pound, express charges prepaid to any poiqtJ;

              Sold only by us             ■

                          MATSURI TEA COMPANY, Importers Order Room 6, 25 Exchange Street, Rochester, N. Y. Eeferences: Any Bank in Rochester.

  The genuine PANTASOTE LEATHER is durable, always bright, easily cleaned und not affected by climatic changes.

  We will send, on receipt of price and name of upholsterer, a chair seat, size 18 x 18 inches 25c, 25 x 25 inches 50c, 27 x 27 inches 70c, 36 x 30 inches $1.00. This offer is to enable you to upholster a chair for trial purposes. State color de6i r d.

The Pantasote Company, Dept, f, 11 Broudway, NEW YORK city

                                     CUT GLASS JUG "PRISM”

                                               CAPACITY, ONE QUART

 Shall we send you our illustrated Catalogue No. 1451 with colored inserts, or our beautiful Booklet by “ Oscar” of the Waldorf-Astoria, “ Serving- a Dinner.” Either or both are yours if interested. WEST 21st, WEST22D ST.. (»[■ oth AVI..) NEW YORK CITY

 Sc Glass

 72
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     73

“GEM”

                           IT’S A PLEASURE

                              TO SHAVE NOW”

SAFETY RAZOR

sured—and there i9 but one way to grow rich—SAVE—begin by stopping the “ Barber Habit.” You spend 50 cents to $1.00 per week getting shaved, or $26.00 to $52.00 each year. Shave yourself— save the money and the time which is money. Two minutes suffices for a shave with the ** GEM ’’—can’t cut yourself, and no fear of infection. Highe9t-grade materials, finest finish, blades made by experts, of the best English silver cutlery steel. Simple, durable, works automatically, and built on scientific principles. The “GEM” ha9 become the ‘ Standard ” by which others are judged.

                                               Write to-day for our interesting Free Booklet.

Price, Razor complete, $2.00. Morocco Case, containing: 2 blades, $3.50.

  Insist on the “ GEM”—at leading dealers or sent direct on receipt of price. Address

                                      GEM CUTLERY CO.

                                  Dept. E, 34 Reade St., N. Y. City

                                                                                                        Kodak Catalogue Free, at the dealers' or by mail.

lies in the fact that it is now in every day commercial use and those establishments which have adopted it are getting an improved quality of worK. Machine finished negatives are free from finger marks and other blemishes.

              KODAK DEVELOPING MACHINES,

                        $2.00 to $10.00.

                             EASTMAN KODAK CO. Rochester, N. Y.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

  The softest, finest, most elastic, most economical yarns in the world. No machine-made article can equal their delicate and brilliant effect.

                                                             A Dollar Book for 15 Cents

  The Columbia Book of Yarns is the handsomest, most complete, most instructive book about knitting ever published. It shows plainly how to make all the best stitches known to the art of knitting from simplest to hardest, and gives complete instructions for knitting over eighty beautiful and useful articles, 120 pages, and over 100 fine half-tone illustrations. Well worth a dollar, but sold for 15 cents at dealers or by mail.

MFRS. OF COLUMBIA YARNS, Philadelphia ■

Learn to Knit

                                          FALL FASHION

 through Agents                        BOOK

   everywhere.        mbsent free.

   Thousands fitted by 'mail. We suggest this shoe for Fall and Winter. Our EBONY CALF BLUCHER. More than the money’s worth. $3.75 per pair by mail; we send shoes anywhere. Send your name on a postal to

                       G. LYMAN SNOW,

                 130 Lincoln Street, BOSTON, MASS.

                      Columbia Yarns

                        “A New Fascinator”

   This dainty head-covering takes on a new fascination when made by your own hands with

WE PAYl

 PER ANNUM

                                                    Your Money Safely Invested

                                                        Free from Speculation

    In dealing with our Company you have the security of one of the largest savings institutions under the New York Banking Dept, supervision, whose patrons are prominent clergymen, professional and business men all over the country. You will be free from the annoyance usually attending investments in mortgages and the like. You may invest your money with us at any time and withdraw whenever you see fit. It bears earnings— 5 per cent, per annum—for every day in our care. It is to your interest to request particulars.

                                               WRITE FOR BOOKLET Assets $1,700,000 Surplus and Profit $160,000

                                            INDUSTRIAL SAVINGS AND LOAN CO.

                                                     St. James Building

                                             26th Street and Broadway, New York

          “Harvard Mills”

              Underwear

                           fok. women And children

Lord and Taylor

Wholesale, NEW YORK

  Every reader of this Magazine should become personally acquainted with this perfectly proportioned Underwear; trimmed by hand in Silk; buttons sewn securely; does not bind or stretch. Every shape you desire. All variety of material to suit every want.

Soli Many Wheres.

  “ WINNER ” Quality Medium Weight, finest combed cotton, color Cream.

         Vests, Drawers, Tights and Corset Covers, 50 cts. Union Suits, - -          $100

        ‘ LUNA ” Quality Heavy Weight Merino, 75% Wool, color White and Natural.

 “HARVARD MILLS ”

     (Hand Finished) UNDERWEAR

  Vests, Drawers, Tights and Corset Covers, $1.00 Union Suits, - -         $2.00

                                                               Extra sizes in proportion.

If your dealer cannot supply you write to

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   74
 [pgbrk] McCLURE S MAGAZINE

                                                     Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                      75

The Model

With this perfe£t Shoe-holder and Shoetree it is almost a pleasure to polish one’s own shoes. The Model keeps a shoe to its proper lines, lengthens its wear, and holds it so firmly that polishing is the work of moments. There is no other.

   TKe Model, 75c. per pair Shushine, 25c. per outfit

        ALL FOR $1.00

Send size of shoe and one dollar for this combination, postpaid, if your dealer cannot supply. ^Canvassers wanted for every County in every State.

Osmic Chemical Co., Dept. M Brockton, Mass.

SHUSHINE

                   INDEPENDENCE

No boot-blacks needed, when traveling or at home, by the up-to-date man or woman who owns a Shushine Outfit. JA perfect shoe polish and a complete shoe polishing outfit for 2j cents, sufficient for 100 shines.

Easy to apply, quick to polish. One application a week, with occasional rubbing only. Made in black for all kinds of black leather, Including all shiny leathers, and tan for tan leathers. Never hardens or forms a crust. We guarantee Shushine to keep the leather soft and pliable. Shoes wrfir one-third longer where Shushine Is used exclusively.

Shushine is a PERFECT LADIES* SHOE POLISH, does not smut or black the skirts. Look for Shushine. If you cannot obtain Shushine from your local dealer, send us 25 cents and we will mall you the outfit by return mail.

l

  “ A Chain is no stronger than its weakest link.”

   There are no weak links in the

                                    Emerson Piano

   It gives you a rich, full, mellow singing tone; and with that tone, the splendid endurance of music-making parts which produces lasting musical quality. The action is free and responsive yet substantial ; the cases are of fine and beautiful woods, constructed and finished in the highest style of the piano-maker’s art; while the price and terms bring this ideal piano within easy reach of all who love good music.

                                    55 years’ experience and

   Over 82,000 Satisfied Users

                                      Back our Guarantee

   Send for our free catalogue and booklet describing our new Short Grand.

 EMERSON PIANO COMFA

  107 Bojlston Street, Itokton 157 Michigan Avenue, Chicago

  ribing

  lNT

  I

     Makes bookkeeping sure, safer, easier. 'Saves j labor, time, money. Means systematic correctness. Has the strong endorsement of leading I banks, trust companies, corporations and successful 1 business men.

     Positively perpetual and with the Backus Bond j Hinge all papet sheets is absolutely flat-binding. \ Send for Catalog A, which explains in detail the j manifold advantages of the Are-and-be Detachable S Leaf Ledger and our Improved Trial Balance Book, j with Recapitulation Extension Sheets. Mailed j I free on request.

 |THE RICHMOND £ BACKUS CO.

                                              DETROIT, MICH.

                                    New York Office : New York Life Building, Broadway. Boston Office : 636 Old South Building.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                       CENTS fob*HEW 1305 HEATING STOVE

                     Uflllf UfC OKU CEI I » new ISOS model high (ride heating atave under our nun VIC vAH SELL BINDING GUARANTEE for only EIGHTY NINE CENTS.

                     Not a deposit of 89 cent.-*, with something to pay later on. but just 89 cents to pay; more, no less. HOW WE CAN DO IT AND WHY WE DO IT IS FULLY EXPLAINED IN OUR NEW FREE 1905 SPECIAL STOVE CATALOGUt )uat out.

                    OUR FREE STOVE CATALOGUE I 905 Style Heating Stove, which we

                     eell for 89 cents; explains our new and marvelously low price making policy, illustrates and describes an almost endless variety of Heating and Cooking Stoves and Steel Ranges; all kinds and styles of Hard Coal, Soft Coal and Wood Heating Stoves.

                    Steel Airtlghts, direct and double draft; plain and fancy cast iron and steel and IRON DIRECT DRAFT. DOUBLE DRAFT AND BASE BURNING HEATING STOVES. EVERYTHING IN STOVES AT PRICES SO ASTONISHINGLY LOW that you will be surprised and pleased.

Alin rnpp a AT A I ftOIIC explains our 30 Days' Free Trial Plan, our Pay After Received Terms, our UUn r net UAIALUUUk Safe Delivery Guarantee, explains our Binding Quality Guarantee, explains our plan of shipping the day your order is received, so you will only have to wait a few days; tells how we make freight charges very low no matter in what state you live. OUR FREE CATALOGUE shows an illustration of our own stove foundry, the largest In the world; tells all about why we can make prices on all kinds of stoves so very much lower than any other house.

OUR FREE CATALOGUE is the largest, handsomest, best Illustrated, most Interesting and most complete special atovs catalogue ever published and tells everything known about stoves.

                                                        WRITE FOR OUR FREE STOVE CATALOGUE.

                                        postal card say: Send me your FREE Stove Catalogue, and the big stove catalogue will

go to you by return mail, postpaid, FREE. You will get the most astonishing stove offer ever heard of; you will receive anew and most astonishingly liberal stove proposition.

CTfillC anywhere and tell your neighbors not to buy a stove « I vVC of any kind until they first write for our New Special The Big Book. THE NEW OFFER OF OURS; OUR LATEST WRITE TODAY. DO IT NOW. WE WILL TELL YOU SOME-

                              SEARS, ROEBUCK and CO., CHICAGO, ILL

OUGHT

Address.

25? PERPETUALPENCILS

                        ARE

                       ALWAYS

                       SHARP

 255

Agents’ Proposition A 5 on request.

 PENCIL AND 33 LEADS . . . . At dealers or sent POSTPAID FOR

AMERICAN LEAD PENCIL CO.

WEDDING

INVITATIONS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

ENGRAVED IN PROPER FORM AND STYLE. Write for Our Sampler and Prices, JOHN B, WIGGINS COMPANY, 147-149 Wabash Av. CHICAGO

                                                                    MOVING PICTURE MACHINES

               ^TFRFflPTIPHNQ ^ouCanHake BIG MONEY 01 LllLUr IIUUIIO Entertaining the Public.

                                 Nothing affords better opportunities for men with small capital. We start you,f urnishing complete I outfits and explicit instructions at a surprisingly low cost.

                                  THE FIELD IS LARGE

                                                          I comprising the regular theatre i and lecture circuit, also local fields in Churches, Public Schools Lodges and General Public Gatherings. Our Entertainment Supply Catalogue and special offer fully explains everything, Sent Free. CHICAGO PROJECTING CO., 226 Dearborn St., Dept- Y, Chicago

THE APPLE

     For Gas Engines, Launches Automobiles, etc.

   No more belt, battery, commutator troubles. Dirt and water proof. Easily attached, increases power and speed. Send for full particulars on our storage I batteries, spark coils, timing devices, spark plugs and magnetic plugs, and all kinds of ignition apparatus.

   THE DAYTON ELECTRICAL MFG. CO-120 Reibold Bldg., Dayton, Ohio

 5

S Parke#

     We are going to sacrifice ten tbou-saud guns tbjB fall at prices never offered before. Good

 GUNS

                                                         Breech Load era

 $4.00. Our Special Double Barrel $10.00 gun equal to others co'ting $30.00. Send 2c. stamp for complete catalogue,

                                  H. and D. FOLSOM ARMS CO, 314 BROADWAY, NEW YORK

 Rice, and Hutchins’

   EDUCATOR.

 a SHOE

   LETS THE CHILDS FOOT GROW AS IT SHOULD

                                                        Send for free booklet telling hew.

                                                        BEST DEALERS EVERYWHERE Oft. RICE and HUTCHINS. BOSTON.

                          THE HOTEL YOU WANT

                                   You will find in the

 HOTEL         MrPI IIRF’9 Pa9e 16c — Ad-

                       DlRECTORY IIil,ULUI11- ° vertising Section

Health, Strength, Appetite and Perfect Development of the Figure

Use a few miuutes night or morning for

                                  Has long elastic cord and noiseless pulleys. Attaches to wall or door hinges.

                        Sizes for Men, Women and Children, Ask your dealer or write for FliEE illustrated booklet,

WHITELY EXERCISER COMPANY,                              851    Mutual  Ufa    Building,  Buffals.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    76
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

r

   Imported Cigars

     AT ABOUT 0NE=HALF

   We members of the Endorso Club have discovered what we consider the best cigar in the world for the money—one of the best for any money.

   It is a purely tropic-grown, tropic-made, imported cigar, with the fine delicate aroma found only in imported cigars, and equal,in our estimation, to the be9t Vuelta Abajo product, but without the nearly 100 per cent, customs duty which that product has to pay.

   As soon as we discovered these cigars and learned how scarce they were, we got togethei to make sure of our own smokes, and obtained control of the entire output. But we cannot smoke them all, and we are selling the rest direct to smokers only, at a little over what the cigars cost us. We sell Sixteen sizes at from $3.75 per hundred for the smallest up to $16.00 for the largest.

   We will 9end you, postage paid, a sample box of

     13 cigars in 5 medium sizes for  75 cents

     12 cigars in 4 larger sizes for ... . $1.00

     13 extra-large cigars in 3 sizes for . . $2.00

  Smoke half a dozen and if you don’t like them, return the

rest and we will send back all your money.

  Our “Bird of Paradise” book, which we send for the asking, shows exact sizes and prices; and giveB away some inside facts about imported cigars which all smokers ought to know. Address

THE ENDORSO CLUB, 90 Wall Street, New York

THE, TRAVELER.

     who contemplates a trip to Colorado, Utah, California, or the Northwest should know that the most enjoyable route to travel—to see the most and learn the most—is via the

                DENVER 6 RIO GRANDE SYSTEM

                            “The Scenic Line of the World”

 as this route has more scenic attractions than any other line across the continent, passing through the Royal Gorge, Canon of the Grand River, Glenwood Springs, Marshall Pass, Black Canon of the Gunnison, Castle Gate, and the world-famed Salt Lake City.

    \ Three splendidly equipped through trains are operated daily via this system, which carry through standard sleeping-cars between St. Louis and San Francisco without change. Personally conducted tourist-car excursions to California and the Northwest are also operated through from Chicago and St. Louis via this system three days in each week. If you contemplate a trip you should lay your plans in advance, and to enable you to do so you should have our illustrated booklets, which will be sent free on application-Write for them to-day.

                         S. K. HOOPER, G. P. S T. A.

                                 Denver, Colo.

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                      77
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                       New Orleans the Quaint

                           BY WATER FROM NEW YORK

                           Elegant New Passenger Steamers

                        “COMUS" and “PROTEUS”

           Southern Pacific

           LEAVE NEW YORK EVERY WEDNESDAY

                                    Restful, Invigorating, Delightful Trip of Five Days

                                 For all information address any Southern Pacific agent as follows:

Boston, 170 Washington St. Philadelphia,632 Chestnut St.

New YORK \ Broadway        BALTIMORE, 210 No. Charles St

         ’ t 1 Broadway    SYRACUSE, 129 So. Franklin St.

                                      Delicious ,

    lresh hid Lggs

                                                           NOT STALE OR COLD STORAGE EGGSl

                                                         I but the choices* grade of fresh laid eggs direct from our 1 poultry farms to you—shipped by fast express. Every egg / I guaranteed to be delivered at your door (within 1000 miles of ,

\ Ionia) within 48 to 60 hours after the egg 1b laid. CLOVEB ^ brand eggs are absolutely fresh and are from grain A fed hens free from disease. Express charges small. Shipped In crates of 6 and 12 dozen. Special prices to yearly contract oustomers.

      Get the genuine.

          Every Egg Branded.^^

            Address lept» 2.J.

                  Causes of Loss of flair

Dr. Sabouraud, the eminent French Dermatologist, says that 98 per cent of hair losses are the results of microbes and the neglect of dandruff. The antiseptic action of

                  Seven Sutherland Sisters’

preparations kills microbes and removes dandruff. Their constant use for a period will, by acting directly on the hair bulbs, furnish nourishment, vitality and growing power to the impoverished roots and air shafts, resulting . in complete restoration. Sold by druggists.

“It’s the Hair-not the Hat”

                      That makes a woman attractive

Thel/tfndit?cm Sect iona I Bookcase

                                 direct from factory. Send for Catalogue No. 45 THE C. J. IjUJVDSTROM CO.

  Formerly Tin* Standard Mfg. Co. Little FilllSi IV* ■ •

NORTH

 TOURING CAR

                                      NOW an automobile is judged on its merits. There is

         a difference. The sturdy NORTHERN with all the latest and many exclusive features that appeal to expert and novice, is the Thoroughbred. Control— absolute. Noise—none. Speed—instantly changeable without strain. Slow speed on direct drive. Mechanism, dust and sand proof. Machinery, under front hood, easily accessible. Write for catalogue and name of nearest agent.

             NORTHERN MANUFACTURING CO. Detroit -      -  -  Mich.

             Member National Association Licensed Automobile Manufacturers.

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

   78
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

          wwj

          jgen of Music ¥

    Some people would tell you the Regina Music-box, others a Talking-machine. All would probably agree that the ideal combination of the two is the Reginaphone.

    It’s a Talking-machine when you want it to talk: When you feel like listening to lively

nonsense or the voice of Adelina Patti. And when tired of darky discourse and prima-donnas, you have only to take off the talking attachment, when lo! Back again is a sweet-toned Music-box ready to delight you with the strain of music to chime with your particular mood.

    And the prices of this versatile entertainer are very moderate. They start so low that almost any family can afford one. With each instrument are included 12 Regina steel tune discs—your own choice from over a thousand selections. When tired of these, we will always allow you half-price upon them (if in good condition) toward the purchase of new ones. The Reginaphone will play any Talking Machine Disc Records in all the different sizes.

    Write to us for the name of your nearest Regina agent, or if you prefer, we will ship you any Regina instrument on approval.

                  THE            R ELGIN A            COMPANY

9 East 22d Street, NEW YORK.                       256  Wabash Avenue. CHICAGO.

            Makers of Reginaphones, Regina Piano Players, Regina Coronas and Regina Concertos.

II 11   jrjri    mi m    
II f il Tf All 1 k 11    
II #1     a vh 1 1 ir 1  
II i *     11 1 1 f A 1 
 Yours

  for

  $25.

                                                           The “Holds-All” Wardrobe Trunk

combines the rapacity nnd conveniences of bureau and clothes-press, and closes to ordinary trunk size. Is serviceable, easy to open, close, pack, and travel with, and readily accessible in all parts. Height. 38 to 50 inches ; depth, open, 7 to 11 inches. Order of your trunk dealer, or send for catalogue.

THE J. F. PARKHURST and SON CO., Main and Rowe Sts., Bangor, Maine.

Factories: Bangor and Augusta, Maine. Boston Office, 67 Essex St.

   FINE HUNTING DOG

                FOR SALE

I have one of the best-bred English setters in the country. Pedigree could not be better. A handsome dog, with style and go. Two years old. Admired by every dog fancier who has seen him. Has had one season’s training in Pennsylvania and Manitoba. The dog is specially suited to field-trial work, and can win if properly handled ; or will make any gentleman a shooting dog to be proud of. Price $250.00.

   For further particulars address

                             F. C. L., Kenilworth, 111.

(Also have two other dogs, well-bred but not trained, $50.00 each.) Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                79

 The

 Best

 Entertainer

 for

 the

 Home
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                                                firr.ult COUfQ

                                ^ysiainedbvU.

                                r• sTe^'NU u“

                                I uppe°

                                          I faicoi^

                                          HcosT

                                          Aoatt-^

                                          IkSStmI

        L' v"«j

         FOR PRESERVING PURPOSES

 Aqate Nickel-Steel Ware

 fcj5 is ABSOLUTELY SAFE ^

   No Danger, as with Copper or Brass. Acids do not affect it. The makers of Agate ^Nickel=Steel Ware possess an exclusive Nickeling process, by which every piece is guaranteed, (by the Blue Label attached) as absolutely free from any poisonous or deleterious substance whatsoever.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    80

                                      TAKE PACK TO LAKE. Positively the Best Game in the World for Progressive Parties. Try and get all Republican or Democratic Presidents at the head titble. Form Jin Election Card Club among your friends. Be the first to start it in your neighborhood. Can be played partners or individually. By mail 50 cents n puck. Gilt edge 75 cents. Dealers and Clubs write f^r Pr'c®®-Circular for stamp. Patent applied for. Election Card Co., Drpt. “ B,” SOUTH REND, I"D.

                                                                      Greatest Card Game Out—Exciting, Educating. All the Rage ; Old and Young are Captivated. It has caught the Popular Fancy. The object of the Game is to Elect the President of your choice by getting majority of Electoral Vote. The Trust may beat yon. Easiest Card Game on earth to learn. Has all the elements of chance to make it

                                                                         HARD to Elect your President.

                                                                         ARD to Beat the Trust.

                                                                         ARD to Down Labor.

                                                                                                                          TMURIJPIMI

                                                                                                                      wnw CN0I6E fDR~ PRESIDENT
 [pgbrk] is a heavy cleansing cream. A natural solvent for the juices and solids that injure the teeth and mar their beauty. It prevents all ferment, is an antidote for bacteria and will keep fresh and sweet in all climates.

                         Refreshing and grateful to the taste.

                   Remember the name—Zodenta—it commences 'with the last letter of the alphabet and ends ‘with the first.

    The genuine is packed in green enameled tubes and the price is 25c. Don’t buy imitations in tin tubes with paper labels.

     Send us the name of a druggist who does not keep Zodenta and we will mall an Individual Tooth Brush Holder and one-hall oz. sample free.

                       F. F. IINGRAM and CO.

KVm            42 TEINTH   ST.        DETROIT, MICH.

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                  81

McCLURE'S MAGAZINE
 [pgbrk] will'

THE MOST

VICIOUS DOG (OR MAN) V WITHOUT PERMANENT INJURY

McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

  Kitty’s reflection in this tilted table greatly surprises him. Your surprise will be equally great when you see the grand results derived by wiping your Furniture and Woodwork with a piece of Cheese Cloth moistened with LIQUID VEXEER.

  It imparts a beautiful factory newness to everything, carries away all dirt and dust, removes the bluish, smoky dullness from Pianos and Woodwork, also fly specks and stains, leaving the surface clean, smooth and bright.

  Throw away your dust rags! They scratch your woodwork and scatter the dust. LIQUID VENEEIt removes it. Just try it and see! No oil, 110 gum, a child can apply it.

  50 cents per bottle, worth $50.00, enough to renew the Furniture and Woodwork of the ordinary home. Sold by Grocers, Druggists, Furniture Dealers.

  If your dealer does not have it, write us for FREE sample bottle, but give dealer’s name and address. Write today.

BUFFALO SPECIALTY MFG. CO., Dept. I, Buffalo, N. Y.

Opens instantly into double bed. A

                                           Each piece guaran-teed if it bears the name Streit. Insist upon

                                        Morris Chairs

 JTRADE Harm, Davenport Beds

      Look for this mark.

 Highly tempered steel springs, securely anchored, finest quality leather and velours, skill of highest grade workmen make Streit outwear ordinary makes for years. Over 50 designs in Classic, Colonial, Mission and popular styles. Rich, characteristic

Ask your dealer

M—If he hasn't them, send us hie name, we ehall see that you are supplied.

  Write for catalog (free) of ports, or both. They tell Streit furniture lasts; help you buy right.

  Streit patent foot rest forms tufted front when not in use.

  Back curved for head rest.

  THE C. F. STREIT MEG. CO.,

   1052 Kenner St., Cincinnati, O.

Foster’s Ideal Crib

                                            Accident Proof

  Famous for its safety features; high sliding sides, closely spaced spindles; prevents accidents to child, no worry to mother. Artistic in design, enamelled white or colors. Scientific in construction. Includes woven-wire spring. Write for booklet, “A Mother’s Invention,” sent free with name of local dealer who sells the cribs.

Foster Brothers Manufacturing Co.

                                                         Manufacturers of Foster’s Ideal Spring Beds and Mattresses, and the “ Ideal" Iron Beds, Cribs, Divans, etc.

                                                                           17 Broad Street, Utica, N. V.

This Trade Mark

                                                                                                                                                   1400 N. leth Street, St. Louis, Ho.

      Ual

                                                                                                                                         on all our goods.

   Perfectly safe to carry without danger of leakage. Fires and recharges by pulling trigger. Loads from any liauid. No cartridges required. Over 10 shots in one loading.

  All DealerB, or by mail, 50c. Rubber covered holster, 5c. extra. PARKER, STEARNS and SUTTON, 238 South St., New York, U.S.A.

  •SHEET MUSIC BARGAINS—

                                          90. and 17C. BACH, POSTPAID.

    Songs; 17c. each.

 Bedelia I’d like to Steal You. Dowd on the Farm.

 Anona, Mabel McKinley’s Hit. Blue Bell, “ March Song Hit.” Where Silvery Colorado Wends Its Way.

 Under the Annheuser Bush. Instrumental; 17c. each Uncle Sammy, Two-Step. Under Bamboo Tree, Two-Step. Sunrise Waltzes.

 Star of the Sea, Reverie. Gondolier, Intermezzo.

                                                 Mandolin Solos, 12 cts,

  Instrumental; 9c.each.

  Old Black Joe. Variations. Moth and the Flame, Waltz. She was Bred in Old Kentucky. Carol of Bobolinks.

  He Laid Away Suit of Gray.

  If You Love Me, Waltz.

  In House Too Much Trouble.

                                                         Songs; 9c. each.

  In the Sweet Summer Time. My Hannah Lady.

  When Gold Was Turning Gray. How I Love My Lu.

  At Cost of a Woman’s Heart.

                                                       Violin Solos, 10 cts.

 Our music is the same in every particular as what you purchase from your local music dealer at from 50 cents up; same paper; same title pages; same size; the only difference is the price. Write for FREE CATALOGUE.

      Thousands of Pieces as Low as 9 Cents. THE MYREX MUSIC CO., 16 E. 33d St., New York.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   82
                                                                                   
                                                                                    [pgbrk] 
                                                                                   
                    McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 Twelve Double Edge Blades with each Set

                             Free Shaves for 30 Days

          To convince you beyond possible doubt that we mean exactly what say and prove all we promise for the Gillette Safety Razor we will send i upon 30 Days Absolutely FREE TRIAL. In your own home we will ' prove to your face that here, at last, is a safety that is a safety, and that for factual shaving quality surpasses any razor that ever touched your beard. The

        Gillette Safety Razor

                                      is 24 Razors In One. It has twelve double-edged blades as thin as paper, tempered and glass-hardened by our process so that it takes diamond dust to grind them. Each blade gives 10 to 30 perfect shaves. Always ready tor use—

                                            No Stropping or Honing

   ( It takes but a moment to insert new blade. You cannot cut yourself or fail to ( give yourself a smooth delightful shave. Think of the cleanliness, the comfort, the security from infection of shaving yourself and of the satisfaction of being free f from the barber shop habit. Think of the waits you save—and the dollars.

      A GILLETTE lasts for years. When you have used each of the edges until i dull, return to us and we will give you six new blades in exchange at no cost to you. Twelve additional blades SI.00.

           A8k your dealer—if he doesn’t sell it. get him to correspond with us. At any rate, write for our booklet. It tells a lot of things about shaving worth knowing—in an interesting way. M^led free.

                                 See our Exhibit, Main Aisle, Manufacturers Bldg., (Hardware Arcade), St. Louis Exposition.

                                THE GILLETTE SALES CO., 1609 Manhattan Bldg., Chicago

                                Sales Agents and Manufacturers of Hardware Specialties.

          Reference—Continental National Bank, Chicago; Dun’s or Bradstreet’s.

Beauty and Strength

The music-lovers’ piano.

    Capable of expressing the player’s every emotion; possessing a tone of wonderful singing quality—round, nch and full, sweet and sympathetic,—a tone for which Thomas A. Edison expressed preference over all other instruments tried by his experimenters ; of which Mrs. Grover Cleveland said, “ The sweetest tone I ever heard ; ” and Julia Marlowe wrote, “All an artiste can wish for.”

      If you first would like to hear The Blasius Tone, before buying any piano, we will arrange to place The Blasius in your home on trial, so that you may be fully satisfied of its superiority. Then, if you wish, you can keep the piano on terms to suit your convenience.

      J^“ Write for particulars of this liberal offer ; also Th* Blasius Book, with descriptions and illustrations of ihe new styles, from which to select.

                                            i make it easy for you to buy a real art piano.

                                                   1004 Chestnut Street Philadelphia

 PIANO MAKERS

 A trunk name to trust

 Avoid make-shift construction by insisting that the trunk you buy bears the name

TRADE-MARK

 gDAuc/frefc

                         Your safeguard against deception.

 Reliable trunks—good for years of hard service. Very strong, yet light. Compartments conveniently arranged, finely finished, extra braced—your wardrobe travels safely in a Drucker. Many styles; all prices. Guaranteed. ASK YOUR DEALER. If he hasn’t them, send us his name and we will see that you are supplied.

 You need our trunk book. Tells how trunks that last are made; indispensable to intelligent trunk buying. Shows the beautiful Drucker designs. Write for it.

                             Look for the lion in every trunk.

 N. DRUCKER and CO., 913 Broadway, Cincinnati, Ohio. Largest and oldest makers of good trunks. Est. 1864. j

                                                           Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                   83
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                        I Widest Reinge In   
/BROWER                 j Style and Price* ^ 
lair,sr.- A'iYiIili] Missal                  
    Your Money Back                          
[ If Not Sa.tisf ied ** MANTEL               
Absolute Range Perfection

        Sold for Cash or on Monthly Payments. Money Refunded after Six Months’ Trial if

Clapp’s Ideal Steel Range

 is not perfectly satisfactory to you. My superior location in Ohio on Lake Erie enables me to construct the very best Steel Range at the lowest possible price. Coal, Iron, Steel and other Steel Range materials are cheapest here. Freights are low and Labor is the best. Large complete factory with the best facilities, run by men who have had 20 years’ experience, insures you getting the top notch ” in a Steel Range at a positive saving of $10 to $zo.

    Sent Free—My complete catalogue of all sizes and styles with or without reservoir, for city, town, or country use, with book describing the good and bad points of a Steel Range, which you should see whether you buy of me or not.

    1       a ____ r\ /~\ 1              Practical Stove and Range Man,

 Cnester U. Llapp, 610 Summit St., TOLEDO. OHIO

. "i-. 'iS'

 Best thing about hot water in case of sickness is having it at once and in great quantities—if so needed.

   "QUIPPED with the 1 Monarch Water Heater,

  you open the hot water faucet, which action lights the fire. In a minute, maybe less, you have all the hot water you need. Shut faucet, fire goes out. Gas bill stops.

        Arranged for gas or gasoline. Placed out of way in basement. Different sizes for different needs. Write for catalog F and list of users in your locality.

                                          Monarch Water Heater Co.

PITTSBURG, PA.

 Let us send you our handsome new illustrated catalogue. It shows 50 latest exclusive designs, and will save you money.

    We prepay freight to all points East of Mississippi River. Points beyond, pro-rata.

    High - Grade Oak Mantels, complete with tiles and grate,

 $13.50 to $150.

   This cut gives you a fair idea of our prices.

                               l\o. 867, beautiful Golden Oak, 7 feet high, 5 feet wide, handsome quartered oak veneered columns 3 inches in diameter, French bevel mirror 18 x }6, complete^ wjth best tiling — ~ and grate.

                              Del ivered

                              as above, on receipt of $26.50.

 11 Write for Catalogue to-day. It’s FREE.

           C. F. BROWER. 6 CO., ^epartmen^2^^^^^^^^Lexington, Ky.

   complete with 2 $261*

are uninflammable, wood-preserving;,* and durable, and the colors are clear and beautiful. The original and standard shingle stains.

Stained-wood samples and color-chart sent on request.

Pensncoln [Fla.] Club, John Sutcliffe, Arch’t, Chicago.

Samuel Cabot, Sole Manfr., 139 Milk St., Boston, Mass.

* Creosote is the best wood preservative known.”—Trautwein.             Agents at   all Central Points.

Cabot’s Sheathing “ Quilt” makes frost-proof houses.

Cabot’s Shingle Stains

Shingle Stains

can be as cheap and worthless as the maker’s conscience will permit. Kerosene is the favorite cheapened and makes shingles dangerously inflammable.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   84
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Common tins are made by dipping the plate into the tin mixture and squeezing off as much as possible— more than is put onv as the little boy said of the way his mother spread bread. “Taylor Old Style” roofing tin is made by dipping the black plate into the metal several times, allowing all the tin to adhere that will. The difference in quality is beyond calculation. The difference in price is slight.

  Everyone who lives under a tin roof, or expects to, should send for a copy of‘kA Guide to Good Roofs,” but architects, builders and tin roofers will be especially interested in The Arrow, a monthly publication, sent free to them on request. “Rufus the Roofer” is a breezy booklet, in which the roof question is threshed out in a new vein. It will be sent to anyone on receipt of ten cents in stamps, and is worth more than that simply as entertaining reading.

                             N. and G. TAYLOR COMPANY

               ESTABLISHED l8lO    .

                                   Philadelphia

                 SHINGLES

                  both on roofs and walls should be stained with

                                                               Dexter Brothers’

                 English Shingle Stains

                        Accept no imitations. Our name on every can and barrel.

                                  No Offensive Odor

                  Send for sample boards and illustrations to

                      DEXTER BROTHERS CO.

                            103-105-107 Broad St., Boston

                                                     The following firms act as our Agents:

    H. M. Hooker Co., 57 W. Randolph St., Chicago.

    W. S. Hueston, 24 East 22d St., New York.

    Samuel Bettle, Jr., 218 Race St., Philadelphia. Smith and Young, San Francisco, Cal.

    Mound City Paint and Color Co.. St. Louis, Mo. Gray and Dudley Hardware Co., Birmingham, Ala.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    85
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

              Your Beauty Sleep.

  The Beauty Doctors all agree that sleep is nature’s greatest aid to charming femininity. Famous beauties of this and other lands know the value of sweet, refreshing slumber—not the nerve-rack-ing tossing of a body physically exhausted. You can get the sweet sleep of a little child every night of your life by taking, on retiring, half a bottle of

 The “BEST” Tonic, every day. It is a liquid nerve food; the concentrated goodness of malt combined with strengthening and quieting influence of health-giving hops. It is balm to the weary and worn-out nerves. It quiets the rapid heart action and thus lulls, you into a gentle, refreshing, restful slumber, from which you will awaken in the morning with a daintier, rosier bloom of health. Sold by all druggists.

                               Write for free booklet. Pabst Extract Dept., Milwaukee, Wis.

                         ALL Kalamazoo Cook Stoves and lianges are equipped with OUT Patent Oven Thermometer—urea* fwl saver—makes baking and roasting easy.

  $16 for lc

                           “I spent one cent for a postal card and saved $16 by buying a Kalamazoo Range *

                         Will you spend one cent to Investigate our special factory oiler on

 Kalamazoo

                            Stoves and Ranges?

                         We ship direct to you from our own factory, freight prepaid, on

                                                      360 DAYS APPROVAL

 and save you from 25% to 10% in the purchase price. You can’t find a better at any price; if not perfectly satisfactory return it at our expense. We can do this better because we are the only stove manufacturers in the world who are selling their entire product direct from the factory to the user. We save you all jobbers’, dealers’ and middlemen’s profits — therefore, do not be

New Free Catalogue

quality with those of

         U1ICI C1U1 G, UU 11UU UC

          influenced by dealers' prejudice. Investigate for yourself. We have a most extraordinary bargain price on our Oak Stove—the price will surely astonish ! you—don’t buy until you earn all about the Kalamazoo Oak. Send for Our I compare our prices and dealers. That will tell the

                                                                              I s’tory. ’ The catalogue is the most complete ever issued by any manufacturer selling direct to the user.

   It describes our full line, including

          KALAMAZOO STEEL RANGES.

  I         KALAMAZOO  STEEL  COOK   STOVES.

          KALAMAZOO OAK HEATERS at special factory prices.

          A HIGH GRADE LINE OF CAST COOK STOVES lor wood or wood and coal.

          A NEW CAST RANGE for hard coal exclusively, made especially for the eastern and ci ty trade —a great money saver.

          A NEW SELF FEEDING BASE BURNER —handsomely nlckled— the equal of any high grade parlor stove in the world—a great bartrain.                           I

          KALAMAZOO HOT BLAST STOVE for so ft coal.                              j

          A NEW CAST COTTAGE HEATING STOVE for wood. ETC. ETC.

     Don’t fail to acquaint yourself with the many good qua.ities and superior advantages of our Grand j Ranee. Made exclusively for hard coal or wood. New j England, New York and Penn, housewives use it. The i'rice will surprise you because of its reasonableness, i Highest grade patent blue polished steel plates used in I I all Kalamazoo Steel lJanges at no additional cost. All I 1 Kalamazoos blacked and polished ready for use. Anyone canset them up. PLEASE REMEMBER we are I I real manufacturers—not simply dealers; we puaran-j tee our product under $20,000 bank bond; we pay all i freight charges; if you are not perfectly satisfied we I Han't want you to keep the purchase; we give you a I .'(flit day approval test. The Kalamazoo is not exc* lied | by any stove or range in the world, and we certainly I-lo save you money. Send for free catalogue No. 173,

  J read our offer; compare our prices ana then let us I I ship you a Kalamazoo.

     Kalamazoo Stove Co., Mfrs., Kalamazoo, Mich.

   . We refer to any bank in Kalamazoo or any com- J I mercial agency.                             |

                                                  Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   86
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

8

 Mfifll mB[ 17 PALACE OR   COTTAGE

 i^lpljf ■!     Your house

 IWm^^ti fls!   should be      j«h.

 mm- m          fitted with    J®“

 [!- Mm

 ill

IV GENUINE WM

 HARTSHORN

  SHADE ROLLERS

 THE

 ill!

 Signature on every Roller

                        r//*Z

 'WffA*

 JL

 WOOD ROLLERS

 TIN ROLLERS

 RUNNING WATER.

RIFE

       m

      your

 HYDRAULIC

 COUNTRY HOME.

                                                                       operated automatically by the power of any brook or spring, will deliver a Constant flow in your house any distance or height. No cost of maintenance, no attention. We make a specialty of equipping country places with complete water-works systems, extending to Stable. Greenhouse, Lawn, Garden, DHIA/FD QDCPIAI TV Pfl 126 Liberty St.* Fountain, etc. Catalog and Guaranteed Estimate Free. rUllLn OrLOIML I I Vw») NEW YORK.

 ENGINES

 A TWO FAMILY HOUSE

  f— KFITH’Q                ,T1 t?nzine devoted to Building, Decorating

:© l\CI I II O and Furnishing the Home. 10 new designs z monthly and photos of best examples in the United States. ; UJ $1.00 year, Foreign $1.50. — Per copy 10c. At News-stands.

  : % Full of Suggestions and Practical Plans. A Dime will prove it!

                                                                                                  ■ Our latest issues of plans, giving views, sizes, costs, etc., are

  11 1*8 If

  3 “J 108   Studies of Sura. Ctgs.,   $1.00

  =      119 Brick and Com’n Houses,        1.00

  ■       28 Stables and 2 Aufo Houses,      50c

         69 Cottages, less than $800, 50c 3       75 Costing $800 to $1200,      50c

         114 “       $1200 to $1600, $1.00

  134 Costing $1600 to $2000, $1.00 163    “       $2000 to $2500,  1.00

  144    “       $2500 to $3000,    1.00

  167    “       $3000 to $4000,    1.00

  142    “       $4000 and up’d,    1.00

  31 Modern Churches, . . 2.00

  iS THE KEITH CO., 920 Hennepin Ave., Minneapolis, Minn. 8

WORK SHOPS

OF wood and metal workers, without steam power, equipped with

BARNES' FOOT POWER allow MACHINERY                    |;™\r

on jobs and give greater profit on the work. Machines sect on trial if desired. Catalogue free,

                                       w. F. and JOHN BARNES CO.

                                    200 Rugby Street, Rockford, III.

                                            Save f/2 Your Fuel

                BY USING THE

                                       §%m ROCHESTER RADIATOR

  111!   any Stove             Price    from  $2.00

     or Furnace                           lo $12.00

r.      Write  for booklet on heating homes.

fROCHESTER RADIATOR CO.

                                                      6 Furnace St.,Rochester, N. Y.

                                                         The World's Headquarters for

  Electric Novelties and Supplies

                                                           IF it’s electric we have it WE UNDERSELL ALL

                                 Fan Motor and Battery • • $8.00 Battery Table Lamp ...          3.00

                                 Battery Hanging Lamp • . 10.00 Telephone, complete, .    2.50, 5.95

                                 Electric Door Bells ....        1.00

                                 Electric Carriage Lamps « «     5.00

                                 II vlo Turn-down Lamps • •       .60

                                 $S.OO Medical Batteries . .     3.95

                                 Telegraph Outfits ....          2.25

                                 Battery Motor?. - - 1.00 to 12.00 Bicycle Electric Light 1.00 to 3.50

                                 Electric Railway...............3.25

                                 I’ocket Flash Lights ....       1.25

     n . . u . .                 Necktie Lights..................1.00

  $3 Electric Hand Lantern

                                                          Send for free book. Agents wanted

                                           OHIO ELECTRIC WORKS, CLEVELAND, OHIO

                                                 Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers. 87
 [pgbrk]                                      PROF. I. HUBERT’S^

                                    MALVINA

            CREAM

                                                                                                                   \ “ The one Reliable Beautifier”

                            jjffljjMk               Positively removes Freckles,

                                      Sun-burn                 and all imperfec-

                                      tions of                the skin, and pre-

                              .   ffl vents wrinkles. Does not

                              W merely cover vp hut eradicates / them. Malvina Lotion and / Iclithyol Soap should be used :y   in                 connection      with Malvina

                                                                                                                 ' Cream. At all druggists, or sent on receipt of price. Cream, COc., postpaid ; Lotion.50c..expresscollect;Soap, 25c., postpaid. Seud for testimonials.

                             PROF. I. HUBERT. Toledo. Ohio,

 McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Vega Rawhide Suit Case

with

                                             Ebony-finished Hairbrush, Mirror, and Whisk; Rubber

                                                             Comb, Nickel-topped Glass Toothbrush Holder, and Aluminum'

                                                              Soap Box. A TEN DOLLAR VALUE,

                                     Two sizes: Ladies' and Gentlemen's

  Made of Vega Artificial Leather. Superior to leather because stronger and more durable, lighter in weight, odorless, doesn’t scratch, looks handsomer and costs less. Three hinges, extra strong brass lock, re-inforced corners, riveted. Built to stand hard knocks. If your dealer won’t supply you, we will.

                               Delivered free east of Mississippi River on receipt of $5.00. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. AGENTS WANTED.

                             Vega Suit Case and Bag Company

                                       103 Arch Street, Philadelphia

                                    WRITE TO-DAY FOR THE NEW SOUVENIR CATALOGUE OF THE

                                   CAWSTON OSTRICH FARM

                                         Near Los Angeles, California

 Contains beautiful engravings of Farm scenes, fashionable ostrich feather plumes, boas, tips, fans, etc. Everything sold at producer’s prices. Buy direct and save middlemen’s profits.

         Souvenir Catalogue mailed free for 2 cents postage.

                                                                                                             v.e send prepaid a handsome Conitesse 1 plume, 15 inches long, made with heavy I 7 head and exposed quill. A plume that I f would retail anywhere for $3.00. Beautiful 1 quality and brilliant black or pure white. I

                                                       FREE. Natural feather just as taken | from the ostrich free with order,

                                                       NO RISK. Keturn anything that is I

      unsatisfactory.

                                                         CAWSTON OSTRICH FARM

      The Original Home of the Ostrich in America.

      P. 0. Box 23 South Pasadena, California 1

                          BE YOUR OWN BARBER

          Shave yourself with the ORIGINAL and MECHANICALLY PERFECT

    STAR SAFETY RAZOR

   This guarantees ease and comfort at home, at camp, on the yacht, or while traveling under any and all conditions. Absolutely impossible to cut the face. The evil results of the Public Barber Shop Razor done away with. It will comfortably take from the most tender face a strong, stiff, wiry beard.

       Over 5,000,000 daily users prove the value of this perfect razor. Always ready. Saves time and expense.

          Imitators have tried to duplicate the STAR SAFETY RAZOR, but with poor results.

                 Full descriptive catalogue mailed on request (if you will mention this publication) gives geueral information and prices of different sets.

          Razors, complete, $2.00. Handsome Sets, $3.50 and up. New Star Diagonal Stropper, $1.50.

          KAMPFE BROS., 8-12 Reade St., N. Y.

                                                 (Remember the word STAR ”)_

Catalogue B " illustrates and describes (free).

RECLINING and LIBRARY CHAIRS, over 30 styles.

Catalogue ** C" {free).

                                           GEO. F. SARGENT CO., 287 Fourth Ave., New York.

                                                                                                                       Dresser Trunk

          to get at everything without disturbing anything. No fatigue in packing and unpacking. Light, strong, roomy drawers. Holds as much and costs no more than a good box trunk. Hand-riveted; strongest trunk made. In small

                                                   room serves as chiffonier. C.O.D.

                                                    with privilege of examination.

                                                            2c. stamp for Catalog.

                                                   P. A.STALLMA11, 53 W. Spring St., Columbus, a

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

   88
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

             MEN'S         -

  flexo Garters

  fit perfectly, hug the limb comfort= ably without binding, never let go of the hose, never tear them, last long= est, look neatest — are best garters.

  Sold by all dealers. Insist on Flexo, and if the dealer hasn’t them, send us his name and 25c and we will see that you are supplied. Flexo Garters in fine heavy ribbed silk elastic, 5oc* A. STEIN and CO.. 262 Fifth Ave.. Chicago

 Please mention McClure’

 Children’s

                                                                     Outfitting

               The needs of children occupy our entire attention. Mailorders secure thesame satisfactory result as personal shopping.

OUR FALL AND WINTER

                                                                   CATALOGUE

                             (ready Sept. 1st,)

                                                   sent for 4 cents postage. Describes over 2000 articles— IOOO of which are illustrated—for the

                           Complete Outfitting: of Boys, Girls and Infants.

                                                  We have no branch stores—no agents.

                       Correspondence receives prompt attention. Address Dept. 5 6062 W. 23d St., - = - NEW YORK

 i when you write to advertisers.

  89

                                                     HAND TRIMMED UNDERWEAR.

   There is no excuse for any woman or child wearing an unshapely or ill-fitting suit of underwear when for a reasonable price            under-

 wear which does fit can be obtained at nearly all first-class dry goods stores.

   For years we have been perfecting this famous brand, until to-day it stands foremost as the best fitting, best wearing, best feeling underwear made.

   Do not accept any kind of underwear that is offered you ! Be your own judge ! Every dainty and refined woman is as p articular in the selection of her underwear as of her outer garments. It pays to discriminate, and when once worn you will accept none other than Scmitunderwear.

   This beautiful underwear is trimmed and finished by hand. It’s a pleasure to see it, a comfort to wear it. The Women’s V ests, Pants, Tighjs, Corset Covers, and Union Suits. The Children’s Vests, Pants, and Union Suits.

                                                      Insist on getting the Forest Mills Brand from your Dealer and look for Trade Mark.

                                                      Our Illustrated Catalogue of Jc/wtjtandi, Underwear and $crdc£2yand Hosiery Free.

                                      Write for it to-day.

                              BROWN, DURR ELL and CO.,

                                     99 Kingston Street, Boston.

B|STand(o
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

    TRED AIR” HEEL CUSHIONS and CUSHION HEELS are for sale by all first=class shoe dealers, shoe repairers, druggists, dealers in surgical appliances, and are recom= mended by leading chiropodists and physicians.

  Send postal for booklet.

 TREDAIR RUBBER COMPANY

 Headquarters and Mail Order Department

 105 Summer St., Dept. C, BOSTON, MASS.

Heel-Cushion.

Air Cell Construction.

                              “ TRED=AIR HEEL CUSHIONS

                  ‘ ‘ Absorb all Jar.”

                  “ Prevent Headaches and Nervous-ness, Tired Feet and Backs.” “Make you Taller.”

                  “Add Grace to the Step.”

  T''\0N'T force your nerves to endure the continual strain arising from spine-jar in walking. Headaches, nervousness and general bodily fatigue are natural results. “Tred-air” Heel Cushions prevent these ills by removing the cause. They are light, pneumatic cushions fitting inside the shoe directly under the heel, where they receive the impact of each step and absorb all jar. Wearers of “Tred-airs” actually are taller, for the cushion elevates the body. Grace is added to the step, and the natural poise of the body is restored.

                        Sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt of 25 cents per pair. Always give • ize of shoes when ordering. Special sizes for women.

   “TRED=AIR CUSHION HEELS

        “Give Pneumatic Ease.”

        “ Absolutely Non=SHpping.”

        “ Almost as Light as Cork.”

        “Cost No More than the Old=fashioned, Solid Rubber Kind.”

  EVER feel like walking on the grass for a change ? That’s because your nerves are fatigued by the constant jolting. “Tred-air” heels make every foot-fall gentle and easy—take away the jar of brick pavements and rough flagston'es. They’re made of pure rubber formed with numerous cells,* in which the air is compressed, giving a pneumatic effect that will rest you. ‘‘Tred-air” heels compare with the ordinary solid rubber heels as a pneumatic tire with solid rubber. The patent fabric vulcanized into the tread prevents slipping on all surfaces. No unsightly holes to gather dirt, either.

  Sent by mail, postpaid, on receipt of 3; cents per pair.

                                                                      ROOTS

  UNDERWEAR

                                                        For Men, Ladies and Children

  Root’s Camelhair goods are genuine camelhair. Other makes are only ‘ camel-hair ” jn name. Root’s Natural Wool goods are made of the combined wools of white and black sheep or 'ambs, and contain no dyed material. Root’s White Wool and Merino goods, sterling value.

  Sold by principal dealers in New York and all large cities.

         If not by yours, write to

mm*.

                                                                Root’s Underwear

           1 Greene St. New York ,

                                                       Plea9e mention McClure’s when you write to advertiseis

                                                                                              90

                           Save Money and Trouble

Professional and business men, students, mechanics, sportsmen, find comfort, convenience, and economy in these goods. Made of fine cloth, stylish, and finished in pure starch.

                                /Vo Washing or Ironing

When soiled, discard. We send by mail, prepaid, ten collars or five pairs of cuffs for 30c. Sample collar or pair cuffs for 6c. in U.S. Stamps. Name size and style. REVERSIBLE COLLAR CO., Dept. 10, Boston
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                Art Hr In Silver

                               / finds the highest expression in w|

                           !■ “Silver Plate That Wears” H

                               It won its reputation more than half a cen-V tury ago, and holds it to-day through the vir-p tues of old-fashioned quality and exquisite ^ r modern design.                               ^

                           When there is a wedding, birthday or anniversary

              1847 ROGERS BROS.'

                           spoons, knives, forks, etc.,suggest the gifts most appropriate—most acceptable. Be guided by the full trade mark                    ROGERS  BROS.”

                           On Tureens, Tea Sets, Candelabra, etc., look for this mark n£*|n

                           Sold by leading dealers everywhere. Send for new catalogue “ W-33 ” ^£ee^

                             MERIDEN BRITANNIA CO. (lol.n,.tion*l Slim Co., 8ueo«*r) MERIDEN, CONN.

                           EW YORK                         HAMILTON,    CANADA                      CHICAGO

TEE

f

FIDELITY Hi G0S1LTY CO.

1876

                 OF NEW .

Principal Office, Nos. 97-103 Cedar Street, N. Y.

 1904

  MDELITY BONDS

‘^EMPLOYERS’ LIABILITY

*?j«----------------------—

   PERSONAL ACCIDENT . .

   HEALTH

   STEAM BOILER

   PLATE GLASS

   BURGLARY

   FLY WHEEL

   BONDED LIST

  DUMONT CLARKE. GEO WM. P. DIXON, W. ALFRED W. HOYT, J. 0

On June 30, 1904, the assets of this

   Company were .               .     .    $6,397,004.50

   all of which is held for the security of the policy holders.

Up to that date the Company had paid for losses .              .     .    $18,696,401.43

   all of which indicates that the Company grants

     INSURANCE THAT INSURES

  E. IDE,

  . LOW,

  McCullough,

  a. b. hull.

 WM. J. MATHES0N,

 DIRECTORS:

  r ALEXANDER E. 0RR,

  - HENRY E. PIERREP0NT, (ANTON A. RAVEN,

  JOHN L. RIKER,

  W. EMLEN ROOSEVELT, GEO. F. SEWARD.

GEO F SEWARD, President.                                     HENRY         CROSSLEY, First Assistant Secretary.

ROBT I HILLAS. Vice President-Secretary.                              FRANK E. LAW, Second Assistant Secretary.

                                                        EDWARD C. LUNT, Third Assistant Secretary.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    91
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

CENTS

CENTS

CENTS

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                   92
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 The “Unit Plan”

                            of Advertising

       If there is one person whose business you want, advertise to THAT person — not to “his sisters and his cousins and his aunts.” If there are ten thousand such persons, advertise to EACH person—individually— directly—continuously.

       That’s the “unit plan”—the calendar plan.

       Your advertisement on an Osborne Art Calendar goes right to the home or office where demands for your goods or services originate— stays a year—telling about you and your business continuously. It doesn’t compete for attention with a hundred other advertisements— it stands alone.

       Osborne Art Calendars pay because they stay —they stay because people want to keep them —they want to keep them because they’re worth keeping. No other calendars so uniformly combine the artistic merit that commends them to the connoisseur with the popular qualities that appeal to all sorts of people. The Osborne line is the only one that is all new, copyrighted, and exclusive.

       A Real Art Volume

       —Our Catalogue “C” for 1905—12x16 inches, every subject complete and in full size— will be sent prepaid to any business house with the understanding that it shall be returned prepaid within five days.

                        The Osborne Company

                           31 Union Square, New York

                                   Works: Newark, N. J.

       The Winner of the $1000 Prize,

       “After the Chase,” by W. Verplanck Birney,

       A. N. A., shown in half-tone miniature at the top of this advertisement, was awarded the Popular Prize of $1000 in our recent $3 500 Competition for Calendar subjects, receiving the largest number of votes in the ballot of about 40,000 calendar buyers.

  TllDQO MiniatlirPQ mereIy suggest the attractiveness of TWO out c I IICoC lYlllllulUl CD several hundred designs—most of them in colors.

                                                    Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     93
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                     This is what Westminster Heights Park is destined to become—THE HARVEST.

HOW MONEY GROWS

      The first two pictures were taken at Westminster Heights Park a few days ago. No. 3 is a reproduction of one of the average corners in our last development, Borough Park, where values have increased over 300 per cent during the past three years. Picture No. 4 shows one of Wm. H. Reynolds’ operations—2nd St., Brooklyn—where lots now average $6,000 each, which, six or seven years ago, were sold for $600 each.

     It seems extraordinary, it may appear impossible, but look into it ; investigate ; we cannot make you buy if our reasoning does not appeal to your common sense. We ask you no more than a hearing. Write and ask for particulars. If you are open minded and want to get ahead, let ustelPyou what the expenditure of over $350,000,000 is doing for those who have intelligence and foresight, and plant where others will till and you reap.

     Buy with the company that builds and develops. Nearly 1,000 houses on our last tract after less than five years’ development.

These are pictures of what Westminster Heights Park looks like now—SEED PLANTING TIME.

    The same development ; the same opportunities ; the same growth, only faster and more of it, are going to make money that you plant in Westminster Heights Park, now, grow and increase just as they have in the past, only faster.

   A few hundreds that you invest in lots now, at the rate of $10 down, and $6, $8 or $10 monthly, will become thousands within the next few years, just as surely as water still runs down hill, the same as in the time of Moses.

            WILLIAM H. REYNOLDS, President.

The Westminster Heights Co,

                 BOROUGH PARK CO. BENSONHURST CO.

          NEW YORK OFFICES: 273 Broadway, New York City.

                                                 Combined

                                                   Capital,

                                               $500,000.00.

  Stockholders and Board of Directors: WILLIAM H. REYNOLDS, Prest., Borough Park Co. and Bensonburst Co.

 CHAUNCEY M. DEPEW, U. S. Senator from New York, Chairman Board of Directors N. Y. C. R. R. Co.

 H. C. DuVAL, Vice-Prest. Brook" lyn Rapid Transit Co.

 GEN’L FRANCIS V. GREENE, New York City.

                                                  Combined

                                                   Surplus,

                                                $750,000.00

                                              Stockholders and Board of Directors.

  JOHN GREEN0UGH, Retired.

  C. C. D0NNELL0N, Vice-Prest., D. and M. Chauncey Co. of Brooklyn,

  EVERSLEY CHILDS.

 E. D. BUSHNELL, Treasurer of D. and M. Chauncey Co. JACOB AMOS, Ex-Mayor of Syracuse.

  ENOS WILDER, Prest. Franklin Bank Note Co.

GROWTH OF THE SEED.

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                 94
 [pgbrk]  5

 NJ

 'I

 3

 05

 Ki

 fc

 s

                                 If you want the fuff musical tone of the Victor TalkingMachine

                                See that the Victor dog isonbolh | Machine ' and Record

 Victor Talking Machine Co Philadelphia

95
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                                                  iCcrnuRiinracaitt) Anrmtf

                                                                                 ^7$Xr$iand'n sa©if

THE fashionable centre of the famous Back Bay, and one of the world’s most luxurious Hostelries. Thoroughly Fireproof. Delightfully located at entrance to Park and Fenway. Ten minutes’ ride from Back Bay Stations ol New York, New Haven and Hartford and Boston and Albany Railroads, Theatres and Business Centres.

    Send for Illustrated Booklet.                      ALFRED  S.   AMER,      Manager.

                           A Delightful Spot to Rest

                               before or after the fatigues of the

                                   St. Louis Fair

                              Chicago Beach Hotel

      Fifty-First Blud. and Lake Shore, Chicago For a ‘‘city trip” or a "summer outing.” Has all the ad‘ vantages of a secluded resort, yet the I. 0. express trains take you to the heart of the city in ten minutes. The Finest Summer Hotel on the Great Lakes for Families, Transients and Tourists. Made of stone and pressed brick; 450 outside rooms, handsomely furnished; 220 bath rooms. Nearly 1000 feet of veranda overlooking Lake Michigan Tempting table. Pleasant surroundings, liolf, Tennis, Boating, Bathing and Fishing.

                                 Send for Handsome New Illustrated Booklet.

                                GEO. W. REYNOLDS, Manager

                                                                    (Formerly Manager Hotel Del Monte, California)

BIG PAYING BUSINESS

FOR MEN AND WOMEN.

Write for names of hundreds of delighted customers*

Make $80 to $50 v^ekly. Do business at home or traveling, all or spare time, selling Gray outfits and doing genuine gold, silver, nickle and metal plating on Watches, Jewelry, Tableware, Bicycles, all metal goods. Heavy plate. No experience, quickly learned.

Enormous demand. No toys or humbug, all sizes. Everything guaranteed. Lotus We teach you FREE. Write today. Address,

H. GRAY and CO., Cincinnati, Ohio.

THE FAIRY BUST FORM

   Made from finest Mechlin Net Shirred. See that the trade mark “ Fairy ” is sewn to every one and take no other. Send 50c. for sample pair. Sent in plain package.

                                                         WRIGHT and CO.

                                                                                            632 Clinton Street, Hoboken, N. J.

  Please mention McClure’s when'you'write, to' advertisers.

                         96

DON’T SHOUT!

 The “ M or ley”

  makes low sounds and whispers plainly beard. A miniature Telephone for the Ear—invisible, easily adjusted, and entirely comfortable. Over fifty thousand sold, giving instant relief from deafness and head noises. No case of Deafness that cannot be benefited.

                                            Write for Booklet and Testimonials.

  THE MORLEY CO. Dept. B

  19 S. 16th St. PHILADELPHIA
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                   ALL MUSIC

   locked up in your piano.

                Chase and Baker Piano Player

 is the key that unlocks it. You may have studied for years, but you cannot play so many things so well as the Chase and Baker. Besides, why drudge when you can have music without the slavery I of   practice ?                                     ,

 k     Two hundred         and seventy-five  dollars A

 A cash or on the    easy payment    plan. Agents     Jj

      everywhere.                                     MM

          The pleasure is all yours—the work is the piano player’s.

           THE CHASE and BAKER CO. JoEA Buffalo, N. Y.                       JlikBim

                  Ncu' ' orlc      "m-

                                            Knabe and Co., Fifth Ave. and 20th St.

                                                   Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                     97
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

   “Hold Up Your Hands”

   says the highwayman to his victim. There is a safer way to ‘ ‘make” money. Thomas W. Lawson explains in the clearest, simplest manner the heretofore abstruse subject of High Finance, in the September number of

and/erj/bodgs

'ffifcagazme

   Last month thousands waited for 2d Edition GET YOURS NOW

   The edition of the July number of Everybody’s Magazine was 300,000 copies and all sold out in a few days. For August, 350,000. We are printing 425,000 for September in the hope of supplying the demand. Sold on all news-stands.

^ -         -                          J

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                    wnei

                                                                                      98
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

KAJfeSTtC

  Baked in a Majestic Oven

  About the Oven

She will tell you that “ it’s a perfect baker.” She will say that gases in a Majestic oven are unknown and that she never has to protect bread or cake from ashes, or try to regulate the heat with layers of paper. She will tell you that four potatoes—one in each corner of her Majestic oven—will bake perfectly in eight minutes. She will tell

                    you that her Majestic Range is cheaper in

                                                                       Gives abundant hot water.

                                 Thg rcsuIts of which your neighbor speaks arc peculiar to our Majestic Oven, because it is made of two pieces only; each solid steel ^and riveted together airtight; and because of our own idea which [^■£^1                 ■        makes  the heat absolutely uniform over every inch of the oven. Ask

                    P^i'B      your neighbor about the results from a Majestic; ask your dealer

                               or wrte us anc* we w'^ te^ you details of manufacture. We will S       also sen(j you free, a handsome booklet, illustrating many styles of

                               Majestic Ranges, and giving recipes by famous cooks.

                            Sold by good merchants all over the United States.

                                                    Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                      99
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

) ) Latest Talking / Machine

Simplest Mechanism Complete Equipmenty' \ Artistic Finish ^      \

                            Talk=o=Phone

                               Records

  Pure—Rich—Loud

    10 Inch Size 7 5c. Each

                                                           AsK Dealers. Write for New Catalogue

                   THE TALK = 0 = PHONE CO Toledo, Ohio, U. S. A.

                                     NEW YORK OFFICE: 244 and 246 West 23rd St

 EVERY ART LOVER SHOULD SEND FOR A BOOK ABOUT

  Trade, marr

 Art

 Pottery

  the newest development in ceramics. Every lover of the beautiful, the dainty, the exquisite, the graceful, will appreciate the delicate s'nadings and pleasing forms of this new branch of the decorative arts, as illustrated in the Teco Booklet. A copy of this booklet will be mailed you upon request. It gives full information regarding Teco Art Pottery, shows the leading designs and quotes prices.

                                                             Sold by the principal dealers.

                             i Gatos Avenue - TE1MU COTTA, ILL. ca?o Office: 602 Chamber of Commerce.

  The Gates Potteries ISjJ'

  HARDERFOLD

  HYGIENIC

  UNDERWEAR

                                              Inter=Air=Space System

  Is two-fold throughout, affording protection against the vicissitudes of our variable climate to

  Invalids            Athletes

        Professional Men Merchants        Accountants

                                           And all occupations in life, indoor or out.

  Over eleven hundred physicians

  have united in testifying tr the sanitary excellence of the HARDERFOLD system of underclothing.

  HARDERFOLD FABRIC CO.,

                                                 156 River Street, TROY, N. Y.

                                              Send for illustrated catalogue.

  “Clark’s Cruise of the ‘Arabic.’

  15,801 Tons,

 one of the Finest, Largest and Steadiest Steamers in the World.

 it Mediterranean sf Orient

   February 2 to April 13, 1905, 70 days, costing only $400.00 and up.

   First class, including Shore Excursions, Guides, Fees, Hotels, Drives, etc. The most attractive trip leaving the United States next winter.

   SPECIAL FEATURES —Madeira, Cadiz, Seville, Algiers, Malta—19 DAYS IN EGYPT and the HOLY LAND—Constantinople, Athens, Rome, Riviera, etc.

   Tickets good to stop over in Europe.

 FRANK C. CLARK, 113 Broadway, NEW YORK

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

 W11CU J

 100
 [pgbrk] McCLURE 'S MA GA ZINE

ANewY ork City Investment Guaranteeing 6%

    Conservative investors realize that no investment in 'the world equals carefully selected New York real estate for safety and steady profit-earning power through all financial conditions for a long term of years.

    The American Real Estate Company is a corporation whose business is the ownership of New York real estate, including its development for income or sale. The opening of the Underground Rapid Transit System, which is now attracting so wide attention, marks the greatest municipal achievement in history and will change the geography of New York City. Its effect on real estate values can be realized only by persons familiar with the dense and rapidly increasing population of the city.

    This Company is among the largest owners of property on the line of the Underground System. It has holdings located directly at six important stations, all within twenty to thirty minutes of the City Hall, and so selected as inevitably to continue to receive large enhancement of value.

    The American Real Estate Company, years ago, adopted the plan, in the enlargement of its business, of issuing

     6% Coupon Certificates

which run for a period of ten years and are guaranteed principal and interest, the interest payable semi-annually, by coupons, at the Chemical National Bank, New York. These Certificates are sold at par and issued for any amount in denominations of $100, $500, $1,000 and $5,000. They constitute in effect “practical co-operation” in the Company’s business, in that the money is additionally invested by the Company and the investor is guaranteed a share of profits equal to 6% interest. The investor of smaller sums has thus opened to his use the one most favored investment field of the capitalist.

       The Company (established in r888) has for over sixteen years paid 6% on its Certificates, maintaining that rate through the recent years of great loss and shrinkage in stock values and speculative enterprises. It not only has paid, but can pay 6% because it does not lend money, but invests it in business, and the profits of its business exceed 6%. It does pay 6% because its business, now firmly established, can be still further enlarged, based on its own experience and on the city’s growth, along the same conservative lines as in the past.

    Investigation will convince you that, notwithstanding the lowering interest rate on money loaned, you can safely invest your money at 6% in this Company’s Certificates. Literature giving full information regarding the Company, its properties and its certificates, will be sent to readers of McClure’s Magazine on request. You will be interested in this information, even if you are not ready to invest at the present time.

     Sixteenth Annual Statement j Assets,.....$6,212,807.34

            January i, 1904   1 Capital and Surplus, 1,008,502.54

  AMERICAN REAL ESTATE COMPANY

              912 Dun Building, New YorK City

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 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

                                                 Are You Going to Build?

                           If so, we would like to interest you in using the

                                                 DYKEMA HOLLOW CEMENT STONE

  The walls of a building constructed of these stone are HOLLOW, IMPERVIOUS to moisture, FIREPROOF and practically everlasting. After once up, there is no expense for repairing or painting. The first cost is but little more than wood, while the permanent cost, considering repairs, is much less than wood. The appearance is much superior to other materials and the architectural possibilities are unlimited.

  THE DYKEMA FINISHES ARE ORIGINAL AND HONEST, THEY ARE NOT IMITATIONS, but effects developed in cement and not possible in any other material.

  WE FURNISH PLANS OF HOUSES constructed of these stone. These plans are drawn with particular reference to developing good and artistic effects in cement construction. Circular C-i tells of these plans.

  WE EQUIP PLANTS COMPLETE FOR THE MANUFACTURE of the Dykema Stone. Cement is the logical substitute for brick and wood. Its extensive use in building construction is unquestioned. The manufacture of the Dykema Hollow Cement Stone is a business with an assured future. The investment required in a plant for making the stone is small, being only 10% of that involved in a brick plant of the same capacity. The cost of the stone is so low that a large profit can be made in competition with common brick and competition with wood is possible. Booklet 20-C explains in detail the Dykema System of Stone Making.

                             K. DYKEMA 3 SON

                         983 Mich. Trust Bldg., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

Fine Violirv Catalog

Sent Free Upon Request

                                                                          Style Durability Satisfaction

                                                       all three guaranteed by the name

                                                        Babcock

 ' The name that stands for highest merit in vehicle making. We illustrate above one of our popular vehicles the

                            Park Phaeton

 We make over 100 other vehicles. Send ifor large catalog showing complete line of ^vehicles for all purposes. FREE.

       H H. BABCOCK COMPANY .Department 0 Watertown, N. Y.^

                                 Branch at Baltimore, Md.

         To anyone in the market for a violin, we will send our beautifully illustrated catalogue, “Fine Old Violins.” This is the standard work of the kind, and contains a vast amount of information upon violins and violin makers. It quotes the lowest prices ever named on violins of fine tone quality. Send for a copy and make a study of the subject before buying. Our violin collection is the largest in America and embraces violins of all grades ranging from desirable new copies, to great masterpieces of Stradi-varius and Guarnerius.

Several Violins sent for selection.

Violins shipped everywhere.

Time Payments may be arranged.

41 Adams St.. Chicago

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                                                                              102
 [pgbrk] McC LURE'S MAGAZINE

fitted with the

                                                 Thelyd

                                                   Lock

 forPedestal

         s

                  TYDEN LOCK

      are guaranteed never to spread at top or bottom (locks INSIDE the pedestal—to lock at top ONLY is useless). 26,000 sold by us in last 2% years — all giving satisfaction.

Our No. 2 “Book of Designs

 showing the very latest patterns of pedestal dining tables sent free on request. Hastings Tables are sold by leading furniture dealers.

Dept. E

 HASTINGS TABLE CO.

 HASTINGS, MICH.

Our Catalogue # 68 Mailed Free/ ^ells you iall about"if with plates and plans 800 pages 5000 designs

fep°±fL4 Jhe Foster-Muhger Co. Chicago, U.S.A.

 GRILLES MANTELS STAIRS WOOD CARPET COLONIAL COLUMNS ART GLASS HARDWOOD DOORS WINDOWS FINE WOODWORK

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                                                                                  103
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

ASK YOUR DEALER FOR

 The Munsing Underwear

    “The best made, best fitting, most comfortable, durable and satisfactory underwear at popular prices that modern machinery and skilled labor can produce.”

                       For complete information as to styles, sizes, fabrics and prices, address

                   The Northwestern Knitting Co.,

                283 Lyndale Avenue Nopth, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

  We

  Are

                                       Manufacturers

                      OF H1GH=GRADE WOMEN’S WEAR

  Making garments to order and selling direct to the We pay the Expression all Orders for $7.53 and over whe 1 full amount nf money accom-

   No.

   28

                                                                                           Wearer

                   We offer the buyer two novelties for everyday wear, a Japanese Crepe Kimono and a Sateen Underskirt. Both excellent values.

                        No. 237 — Women’s Japanese Crepe Kimono, large fan, flower nod bird design. Trimmed around edges and cuffs with satin; shirred yoke; full length and very full. A very stylish garment I and a novelty. This will certainly please, a qc Trice .   .  .

                      No. 28—Women’s excel lent quality Black Sateen Petticoat, deep graduated plaited flounce, idtred with a deep ruffle *hich contains zig-ziig braid insertion openwork. A novel and beautiful style.

                                                                                                Price ■ - $1.85

                                  We will aeiid, C. O. D. with ■privilege o f examination without one penny deposit.

 Fashion Catalogue now ready—FREE

  pames

  order.

  No.

  237

  Samples 0! these sent on request

  We want a merchant, a milliner, a dressmaker or some responsible person to represent us. Territory allotted.

  Write for plan.

CpppiAl Being manufacturers we will allow the regular °               merchant*' trade discount of 6 per cent, when

full amount of money is sent with the order.

 R. H. GRAY DON MFG. CO.

                                                       33 Union Square New York City

     Corticelli Silk is the smoothest, strongest, and best silk made. Almost everybody admits it, but some women don’t stop to think that as Corticelli costs no more than poor silk they might just as well have it, if they would only ask especially for “ Corticelli.” If one dealer does not keep it, go to another store. Look for the name CORTICELLI and the color number on the                       /W-

  end of every spool. ^ /e\sfi

    If you are interested in Embroidery, send a postal request for our booklet, entitled ‘ Lessons in Embroidery.” Sent free. Address Corticelli Silk Mills,

  41 Nonotuck St., Florence, Mass.

Button/ess Suspender

  You take a step in advance every time you do away with a thing that interferes with man’s comfort and contentment. We have taken six steps in advance—have done away forever with the six traitorous top trouser-buttons, by inventing a

B UTTONLESS S US'PENVER

 50c

 pair

      Instead of buttons and buttonholes, there are little nickel-plated clasps, which fasten easily to the trouserband, but never let go till you say so. Can't injure the fabric.

      Cast-off back, as well as fronts, is an exclusive feature of the “ Buttonless.’*

      Write for book about the “ Buttonless.” Better still, send fifty cents for sample pair, if your dealer won’t supply you. THE BUTTONLESS SUSPENDER CO.

              Fourth Street,                                                               Bloomsburg, Pa.

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                                                  104
 [pgbrk]                                McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

              VERTICAL FILING CABINETS

IF interested in Vertical Filing Cabinets or Filing Systems to meet the requirements of any business, and at prices that cannot be obtained elsewhere, write for our Catalog “ B.”

    For a quarter of a century we have been building Filing Cabinets from a strictly scientific

standpoint; this, together with the high quality of material and workmanship that enter into the construction of our Cabinets, make them the ideal Cabinets of the twentieth century.

                Write for Catalog “ B” which describes a complete line of our Vertical and Sectional Filing Cabinets.

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advcJ‘Jsei3.

                                                                                  105

                   This book, “ Home Heating,” tells about Hot Water Heating. It explains in plain language the Heating Problem from 15 yearB’ practical experience. It tells of the

                   Andrews System of Hot Water

                   Heating (adapted to new and old houses), and of the Andrews Mail Order Method, which has built up a large business all over the United States. Canada and Alaska. All the work is done at our factory; the job is shipped complete, ready for any carpenter or mechanic to erect. We prepare accurate plans with full bills of materials (all subject to owner’s approval before contract is made). There are no vexatious mistakes or delays. The Radiators (70 per cent, of the weight) are shipped from nearest distributing point. Old houses easily

  fitted PLANS Eand phS $2.00

  We make estimates free; send us your plans or a rough sketch with measurements.

                                             See our Exhibit nt the St. Louis Exposition— In Manufacturers Bldg. 224 Hennepin Ave., Minneapolis, Minn.

     ine oniy reason lighting systems is their convenience and freedom from care. Kerosene oil gives a better, softer, pleasanter light than either, and is much less expensive. The Angle Lamp—the new method of burning oil—makes kerosene as convenient as gas or electricity ; it actually costs less to burn than the troublesome old-fashioned lamp, and whether burned at full height or turned low there is No Smoke, No Odor, Little Heat.

     In fact the Angle Lamp is the practical, economical, convenient method of burning which makes common kerosene oil the beBt and most satisfactory method of lighting city and country homes, stores, churches, factories, etc. We will gladly prove this to you by a 30 Days’ Trial.

     Ask your dealer, but in the meantime WRITE FOR CATALOG “D,” showing 32 varieties from $1.80 up and full information about the only lamp that haa ever been advertised. Please mention your dealer's name.

   The Angle Mfg. Co., 78-80 Murray St., New York.
 [pgbrk] McCLURES MAGAZINE

      Most people of intelligence to-day wear rubber heels for the vast amount of comfort they give. O’Sullivan advertising has taught the public to discriminate between the numerous imitations masquerading as rubber heels—which are more than likely made from old rubbish-heap rubber with the life gone from it—and O’Sullivan’s, which are made of new live rubber, full of the life and resiliency of rubber costing one dollar and fifteen cents per pound.

                  We, for your good, reiterate, order by the name O’SULLIVAN and get a heel of absolutely satisfactory quality. Fifty cents attached at your dealer’s or thirty-five cents from the

 O’SULLIVAN RUBBER CO., LOWELL, MASS.

             HEELS OF NEW RUBBER

Quarter Century are

MSB

                       1904 Guaranteed to 1929 wear for 25 Years

                            Write for Booklet exolaining The Use and Care of Silverware

                        M. S. Benedict Manufacturing Co.

                            WorRs—East Syracuse, N. Y.

                                  FOR SPEED CAPACITY DURABILITY ACCURACY SIMPLICITY TheSTANDARDhas NO EQUAL

   One man with a Standard Adding and Listing Machine can do the work of ten men in the old way, and when finished, know it is correct.

   The Standard will list and add 200 items in one minute. Its speed is limited only by the dexterity of the operator.

   Write today for more information. STANDARD ADDING MACHINE CO.,

L 19 Sprinq Avenue. St. Louis, Mo.

                                                              Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                         106
 [pgbrk]       Our Model House at St. Louis Fair

exhibited in the Manufactures Building (Block 6-B), shows how to healthfully and uniformly warm a model, modern home. It also shows how simple and durable is the heating outfit, how little space it occupies, how and where the radiators may be most conveniently placed in the rooms, and how the radiators may be arranged and decorated to harmonize with and enhance the home furnishings, however artistic.

               Our model house, of Colonial architecture, is two stories high and basement, 40 feet long, 16 feet wide ; all rooms are completely, modemly furnished and contain many suggestions for the home-builder. Visitors are made very welcome there.

   Obtain now a “protective policy” of insurance against bleak winter by buying

 Boilers

Radiators

                                                             CHICAGO

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                                                                                 107

  McCLURE’S MAGAZINE
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

ALTON B. PARKER says:

     “ I Read the NEW YORK WORLD Every Day.”

                                       THE WORLD Elected Cleveland.

  “ It may be said without reservation that if the Democratic party in my first campaign had lacked the forceful and potent advocacy of Democratic principles at that time by the NEW YORK WORLD the result niir/ht. have been reversed." — Grover Cleveland’s Letter to The World, May 10, 11)03.

                                      Bryan on THE WORLD.

  “ THE WORLD never during the last twenty years considered itself a party paper. It promised to spread truly Democratic principles and tmdy Democratic ideas, and it has done so, and will do so, with entire independence of bosses, machines and platforms, following only the dictates of its conscience —Quoted, with approval,' by William J. Bryan in The Commoner, July 10, 11)03.

NEW YORK.

     Send $1 to the NEW YORK WORLD and you will receive THE WORLD every weekday for four months from the day your subscription is received, including every day of the Presidential Campaign. This offer is for mail subscribers only. The regular price of The World for four months is $2.

             THE WORLD IN THISPRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN.

THE WORLD is not an organ. It does not defend any candidate for the sake of party, nor attack any other candidate because of his party.

         The World vigorously supported Cleveland in his two victorious campaigns, and during his last term it opposed with equal vigor his Venezuela policy and his secret bond contract. It was the first newspaper to expose his surrender to the Wall street syndicate, and it defeated the second secret bond contract.

     The World apposed William J. Bryan and “sixteen to one.” Its editorial page led in the fight for sound money and against the “free riot and revolution” proposed by the Populist forces temporarily in control of the Democratic party. * * * In this Presidential campaign The World’s news will always be fair and impartial. The foremost leaders in both parties will write for its column*. The World believes that the truth is always to be told. * * * Its editorial page will—as it always has—support truly Democratic ideas, expose all fraud or sham, fight all false pretense. It will be as quick and as truthful in exposing the Purse Potentates of one party as of the other.

     It will fight for what seems to it Right. It will be true to its record, as, for instance, when it fought David B. Hill—and defeated him—for Governor of New York; when it opposed with all its might—and also defeated—the tainted candidate whom Hill nominated for the highest court in New York—Maynard: when it supported Seth Low against Tammany and McKinley against Bryan.

     The World this year will strive to be even more than in earlier campaigns true to the ideal of its founder when he said The World should be “both a daily sohoolhouse and a daily forum, both a daily teacher and a daily tribune, an instrument of Justice, a terror to Wrong, an aid to education, an exponent of true Americanism.”

     The result of the election will be foreshadowed in The World weeks in advance exactly as Cleveland’s election was foretold and as McKinley’s triumphs were, The World giving the electoral vote by States with absolute correctness ten weeks before McKinley’s election day.

     The World will not only strive to be Right, but ‘it will be Bright and Large—national in its news and views. Every one who is interested in this vital Presidential contest will need it every day. No Democrat or Republican should be happy without it.

     To encourage the prompt formation of clubs for the campaign a special commission of ‘10 per cent, will be allowed to agents or parties forming clubs of ten or more in any town. Get up a club of ten and send $8.

     An active agent wanted in every election district. Write for particulars. Sample copies supplied free on application.

   Address The New York World Campaign Club, Pulitzer Building, New York

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                                                                               108
 [pgbrk]                                McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

ROBERT HICHENS in a New Vein

     If you like pure comedy—clever, original in plot, irresistibly witty —you must read Mr. Hichens’s novelette, “The Mission of Mr. Eustace Greyne. ’ It places its author at once in the front rank of English humorists. Nothing more delightfully droll and entertaining has come from an English author in years.

                     on the American Stage

     The famous author-manager’s first contribution to a magazine over his own signature is his striking essay, “ The Stage at the Present Moment.” In it Mr. Belasco states in his vigorous, trenchant way some truths that no one else has the courage or inclination to tell.

                     THESE ARE IN

                                      Now On Sale

SIXTEEN SHORT STORIES

                      BY SUGH AUTHORS AS

     Cosmo Hamilton, J. J. Bell, Philip Verrill Mighels, Rebecca Harding Davis, Theodosia Garrison, Barry Pain, Virginia Woodward Cloud, Gelett Burgess and Tom Masson

          EVERY NUMBER FOR THE NEXT YEAR

will be as good as the September issue. Why not receive it every month at your home? Fill out blank below and send $2.50 for a year’s subscription; or, if more convenient, ask your newsdealer to forward it for you, which he will be glad to do.

ESS ESS PUBLISHING CO., 452 Fifth Avenue, New York.

                 Enclosed find $2.50 for one year’s subscription for THE SMART SET commencing with the..........................number.

                  Name----------------------------------------------------------------------------   —

                            Address__________________________________—----------------------   :------*

                                        SEND FOB FBEE SAMPLE COPY

                             THE

MART

 OF

 CLEVERNESS

                                 For

                             September

DAVID BELASCO

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                                                                                                         109
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

TONNEAU, $2,550

  Admitted by other makers the most power, the highest quality and the finest appearance on the market at the price. Has proved its superiority in every official test over all other makes. What better evidence do you need to guide you in purchasing?

                                                   Immediate Delivery. Get the Catalogue.

                                     HAYNES-APPERSON CO., Kokomo, Ind., U. S. A.

                                                     (The Oldest Makers of Motor Cars in America.)

                                                            Members of the A. L. A. M.

                                              BRANCH STORE, 1420 MICHIGAN AVE., CHICAGO.

                                                              REPRESENTATIVES:

BOSTON, Geo. M. Brown, 43 Columbus Ave. BUFFALO, Buffalo Auto. Exchange,

LOS ANGELES, J. A. Rosesteel.                          401 Franklin St.

PHILADELPHIA, Rose Auto. Co., Ltd., TOLEDO, 0 , Toledo Motor Car Co.

                    262 No. Broad St SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., Pacific States

                                                                                                                             Auto Co., 2017 Ellis St.

An

Advertising

Phenomenon

IV/TcCLURE’S Magazine is -L*willing to base its advertising rates on a guaranteed circulation of 4,000,000 copies a year. And then throw in a “good measure” circulation averaging nearly one-fourth over and above that guarantee. Nearly all good and well-known commodities meet in McClure’s advertising pages—The Marketplace of the World.

S. S. McCLURE COMPANY

                              CURTIS P. BRADY,

                       Manager Advertising Department, Ne*w York.

FREDERICK C. LITTLE, (Western Representatives, Marquette FREDERICK E. M. C0LE.( Building, Chicago.

EGERTON CHICHESTER, { Nc^  R1P^Rn^ton"

                                                            I Mutual Bldg., 24 Milk St., Boston.

HAYNES

       T«S” AUTOMOBILES uSi'l°Soe

                     Every Amateur Photographer

   should send for Lewis Bargain list. It will open his eyes as to special discounts that we can give on the best products of the leading camera manufacturers.

                                      YOU WILL SAVE MONEY

   by having this catalogue at hand. Our price for developing and printing is

                                          Yi OFF USUAL RATES

                                 All work done by experts. We make a specialty of enlarging. Catalogue and 'Bargain List mailed Free. Send for it to-day.

                                 LEWIS CAMERA AND SUPPLY HOUSE Dept. M. 128 West 23d Street^ New York City

               CLOCKS FOR EVERYBODY

                                                                           Send for Catalogue No. 814 The Prentiss Clock Improvement Co. Dept. 81, 49 Dey St., N. Y. City

                                                                                            60 day Calendar Clocks for office, bank, store, railroad or home,

                                                                                            Panel and Frying-pan Clocks for the den,

Electric and Synchronized Clocks for factory, mill or other large building, Program Clocks for school use, Watchman’s Clocks, both portable and electric, for keeping track of your watchman, and a large variety of High-Grade Paper Dials for all styles of watchman’s clocks.

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                          110
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

	

                                                                                                        MYRTLE D. TOWER, Adv. Mgr. Breoker and Co., Buffalo, N. Y.

                                                                                                                                                                                              FRANK P. DARKER, Adv. Mgr. Candhn, Wampold and Co., Chicago.

  W. C- KENAQA, Adv. Mgr. The Economy, Champaign, I1L

THESE ARE PHOTOS OF

ADVERTISING MANAGERS

E. M.NOLEN, Adv. Mgr. Rlohard-aon bilk Co., Chloago.

                                                                                                                    IRWIN R0SENFEL8, Adv. Mgr. Hillman's Dept. Store, Chicago.

 Name

home

   who are holding executive positions at increased salaries because they learned advertising as a TRADE, practically and thoroughly. While studying they have

W. W. DtTNKLE, Adv. Mgr. Th* Tribune, South Bend, Ind.

 corrected proofs, figured out the printer’s price for booklets, circulars, etc.; have written advertise ments for all important lines of merchandise; have bought paper stock, prepared dummies and laid out follow-up systems; have bought newspaper and magazine space, and in fact have performed the duties of an advertising manager while learning to be one; doing over again work which has Ov been produced by the Mahin Advertising Company.

The book will tell you how YOU can learn at ATTown

                                                        wish to know how to learn Advertising

                                                   TRADE during my spare time. Please send the

                                               FREE BOOK.

State..............................................

                                        CHICAGO COLLEGE OF ADVERTISING

     857 Williams Building,          CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

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111
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

STEAMSHIP COMPANY

         AMERICAN AND AUSTRALIAN LINE

         Offers a luxurious passenger service between San Francisco, Hawaii, Samoa, Tahiti, New Zealand and Australia. Around the World.

         For illustrated folder and full information regarding rates and service, address J. D. SPRECKELS g BROTHERS CO.

                          General Agents 643 Market Street, San Francisco E. F. BURNETT, General Eastern Agent,       427 Broadway, N. Y,

                      The Greatest Geyser in the World

 Spouts from 300 to 900 feet. Crater one acre in extent.

                                   One of the wonders of

                                   New Zealand

OCHANIC

 The scenic paradise of the world. Hot Lakes, Boiling Water-falls, Active Volcanoes,—in fact a land where nature works in miracles.

                                                              Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                         112

original

   THE

ORIGINAL
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                    4£4Ste*Hjiu4al

^   ^*V^W«6t*23$’a^6, J^Ls»o jbsts* ot-S Ccsvand£

^                            GJ@Lands9t)^

                ;dr^. d^zZca ;and#£and** Z.

 .^■«.+^^frrJiiL~Landd. 'fci.Jcji, 7X^fityandJy~fa‘'

            Miandif

;t

        6 Fine Souvenir Teaspoons $1.50

One of the most pleasing souvenirs of the World’s Fair, St. Louis, is the set of six teaspoons, made especially to order for the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway by the Oneida Community. Each bowl contains an engraving of a different World’s Fair building, and the handles are handsomely engraved. The spoons are made of best material, finely finished and fully guaranteed, and are thoroughly serviceable for everyday use, if desired.                   Do not fail to order a set. You will be pleased with the spoons.

                           HOW to order. Entire set will be sent, post-paid, in satin-lined box for $1.5° (t0 Canadian points

                           *  $1.75). Remit by express or postoffice money order direct to

                                                           Oneida Community, Niagara Falls, N. Y.

                                     For really pleasant, comfortable journeys between the East and St. Louis, use the Lake Shore. It affords the most complete service of any line. Send two-cent stamp for World’s Fair folder and boarding house list to

                                                        A J. SMITH, G. P. and T. A., Cleveland, Ohio.

OO

OO

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                                                                                                          113
 [pgbrk]                                McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                     Genuine Swiss Milk

                                    Chj@^0. LATi'

                                                  (Chocolat au lait Suisse)

-                        .. PARIS EXPOSITION INTERNATIONALE 1896 /V\edAILLE D'.OR

     '"              " ~      -x*'-     ■*$and ■'

 I /££-A/£.A/££^ TO£ TASTE

       Names are sometimes hard to remember, but the Taste of Cailler’s Genuine Swiss Milk Chocolate is impossible to forget. It “ tastes like more,” and that is why we are willing to give you the first taste—a generous taste—entirely free of cost.

    TEJVD US VOUJl ADDRESS

       and we’ll mail you a dainty package that will make you a Cailler man, or woman, or child, for life. Cailler’s eating chocolate, in cakes, and Cailler’s drinking chocolate, in powdered form, are sold by all first-class dealers. No chocolate in the world is so rich, so pure, or so delicious, as Cailler’s—pure chocolate and pure Swiss milk is the reason. Write to-day for the free sample of eating chocolate, and taste for yourself.

                J. H. FREYMANN, General Jlgent for the United States, 861 BROADWAY, N. Y»

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                114

                    LONG’S ARE QUALITY PRODUCTS THE NAME IS THE SOLE GUARANTEE

                    Long’s Preserves have the exquisite flavor, delicate tenderness, refreshing juiciness and rare wholesomeness distinctive of the luscious fruits from California’s orchards.

                             SOLD ALL OVER THE UNITED STATES

                    LONG SYRUP REFINING CO., San Francisco

                         New York Branch,105-107 Hudson Street World’s Fair Visitors are cordially invited to visit Long’s Booth in the Agricultural Building—California Section.
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

IRISH MAIL

 HERE ARE TWO SAMPLES

    These two splendid children are the son and daughter of Hugh Hill, a prominent manu= facturer of Anderson, Ind. They owe their fine physique and health to ESKAY’S FOOD, upon which they were both raised.

         ESKAY’S FOOD lays a firm foundation for healthy childhood. No stomach is too delicate to retain ^ it—no baby so feeble and sickly as not to be helped at once by it—even where everything else has failed. Tried in thousands of severe cases CJ with perfect success.

                     If it is your baby’s life .              and   happiness isn’t it

                   worth while at least to Jjgl   write us for a generous

           jjpljjl  trial sample ? Sent   free

 \           ' W with our book telling

 ^                “How to Care for         the

       Jw         Baby ” in sickness       and

                   in health, and all about W             ESKAY’S FOOD.

                   SMITH, KLINE and FRENCH CO.

                                                                                                                       443 ARCH STREET,

   //}                          Plillndrlpliln. Pa.

      Makes Healthy Vigorous J Children *

        Did you ever see a vanilla bean — a long velvety pod full of the sweetness of a tropical growth ?

        A bundle of good, ripe, choice vanilla beans is one of the most fragrant things on earth. It has an exquisite aroma — delicate yet penetrating.

        A vanilla extract made from choice, Mexican vanilla beans, without adulteration, embodies this delicious aromatic sweetness in its full strength.

        Van Duzer’s Vanilla Extract is made from the finest beans grown. It is perfectly pure and very strong.

        Insist on Van Duzer’s. If the grocer is arbitrary, drop us a line.

             VAN DUZER EXTRACT CO.

      Est. 1850                                 New    York

Ti VANILL A EXTRflCTl i;

         M I A O O sell for $2.50 to 56.00 a doz.; hotels and restaur* ants charge 75 cents to $1.50 an order (serving one squab). There is good money breeding them ; a flock makes country life pay handsomely. Squabs are raised in ONE MONTH ; a woman can do all the work. No mixing feed, no night labor, no young stock to attend (parent birds do this). Send for our FREE BOOK, “ HOW TO MAKE MONEY WITH SQUABS,” and learn this rich industry.

 PLYMOUTH ROCK SQUAB CO., 289 Atlantic Ave., Boston, Mass.

                                                 MAKING FRIENDS EVERY DAY.

                            This can truthfully be said of JELL-O ICE CREAM POWDER, the new product for making the most delicious ice cream you ever ate; everything in the package. Nothing tastes so good in hot weather. All grocers are placing it in stock. If your grocer can’t supply you send 25c. for 2 packages by mail. Four kinds : Vanilla, Chocolate, Strawberry and Unflavored.

                                           Try the new flavor of Jell-0—Chocolate—10 cts.

                                       New Book of Recipes, Illustrated, mailed Free. The Genesee Pure Food Co., Le Roy, N. Y.

                                    We invite you to visit our Exhibit in the Agricultural Building, World’s Fair, St. Louis.

 PHOTO BROOCHES 10c.

 Send us any photograph you want copied and we will return it unharmed with an exact copy on one of these pretty rimless pin-back brooch-mountings for only lOctS. All our Photo-Miniatures are exact and perfect reproductions. We send this 25c. sample for only 10 cts. to introduce goods and send Free large illustrated pricelist of photo-miniatures, jewelry, novelties.

They are beauties. Agents wanted.

CORONA MFG. CO.. Box 1275. Boston, Mass.

                                                                                      Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

ESKAY’S FOOD is served to bhe babies at the Day Nursery, Model Playground at the World’s Fair, also in the Incubator on the Pike, and at our Booth, Aisle A, Block 71, Agricultural Building,

115
 [pgbrk]  McClubes magazine

      Outdoor Sports—

            To give zest to outdoor sports, to assist in exercise, to relieve fatigue—drink an occasional wine glass ot

                                                          EU S E R - B Us Cf-/1

TRADE MARI?

               It gives appetite, health and vigor. Invaluable as a builder-up of wasted constitutions—for nursing mothers, convalescents, the dyspeptic. It insures healthful and refreshing sleep. A predigested food, rich in nutriment,relished and retained by the weakest stomach

                             is the pure strength of best malt mined with the tonic properties of hops—not intoxicating.

                         Endorsed by the best physicians. All drageists and grocers sell it. Prepared by the

       Anheuser-Busch Brewing Ass’n, St. Louis, U. S. A-

                                          Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                         116
 [pgbrk] McCLURE’S MAGAZINE

If B

  i could talk

HE WOULD SAY :

 “Take Away That Baby Powder

 Do not make my skin air-tight and water-tight, when nature intended that the most of my body impurities should be given off through it. "

    SPIM Soap will heal and soothe as no powder ever did and cleanses and opens the pores at the same time. What is true about babies, is true of you. Everybody will use SPIM Soap and SPIM Ointment when everybody knows about them. They have no real competitors.

    SPIM Soap and SPIM Ointment in the home will free it from hours of suffering and give a sense of cleanliness and comfort seldom experienced.

                         We Will Send You, Free,

 our complete “Cheer-up” book telling all about Spim Soap and Spim Ointment. If you are unable to obtain Spim Soap or Spim Ointment immediately from your druggist, send us his name and address and we will sell you direct.(postage prepaid to any place in the United States or Canada), and for your trouble we will mail free our elaborate album of“ 400 Beautiful Babies.” The photo in this advertisement is “one of the 400.” The album is mailed free also for one wrapper of either Soap or Ointment purchased from, your druggist.

                    $500 in Cash Prizes for Beautiful Babies

SEND FOR ENTRANCE BLANK AND PARTICULARS

 Spim Soap, 25c. Spim Ointment, 50c.

                                    Your money back if dissatisfied for any reason

                              THE SPIM COMPANY (Chas.B.Knox,Pres.) 1 Knox Ave., Johnstnwn, N. Y.

                    What to Do with Yoor Empty Knox Gelatine Boxes:

                            Save them—send them to me any time before Jan. 1st. 1905, in bundles of 13 only, and send a new recipe with each bundle of 13.

                    p”V«Sorto,o,*reT' $1,000 Steinway Piano

                    which the winner may personally select, and additional VALUABLE GIFTS for other good recipes. Commence saving the boxes now.

                                         Write me a postal for particulars.

                      KNOX’S GELATINE—Recipe Dept., 1 Knox Ave., Johnstown, N. Y.

                    The only guaranteed Gelatine. Your money cheerfully returned if you are not more than pleased.—CHAS. B. Knox.

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                 117

KNOXS GDLATIN]
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

■W™^ -jj           -J •             The successor to ordinary toilet soaps in Particular Homes. Made

  pO                                  ^ure Imported Olive and Palm Oils skillfully blended and com-

              J.AVr J.A ▼          bined  with Cocoa Butter. Palmolive is not merely a cleanser, it

             combines all the virtues of the wonderful ingredients from which it is made. It allays irritation and inflammation and supplies the necessary oils for harsh skins and dry scalps.

 Palmolive exercises die skin in that it stimulates the action of the many tiny pores and glands. The removal of                       all obstacles allows free circulation of the blood, and the

  delicate nourishment embodied in Palmolive   supplies just the necessary impetus to restore the skin to

  its proper condition after cleansing it. Continued use will produce a beautiful, healthy, rosy complexion. There is no complexion that Palmolive cannot improve. If your dealer cannot supply you, send us his name and 15 cents and we will forward, prepaid, a full size cake.

      Send four cents in stamps, to cover cost of mailing, and the names of your grocer and druggist, and we will send one of our beautiful oriental photogravures without advertising upon     it, suitable

  for framing,  size 10 x 16 inches. Address,

  B. J. JOHNSON SOAP CO., 318 Fowler St., Milwaukee, Wis.

Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

118
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

by Hart Schaffner and Marx

B

 I ^ ETTER than bogey ” is more than most of us can do in golf; but it’s easy in clothes.

  Go to a good-clothes store: good “drive.” Ask for Hart Schaffner and Marx clothes. If they’ve got ’em : good “ approach ; ” if they haven’t: a “foozle;” try another store. “ Putt ” the clothes on; you’re “ down in three ” if you play it right.

        Enter on your score card :—Hart Schaffner and Marx label is a small thing to look for, a big thing to find. Men’s suits $15 to $35.

                                    Style Book sent for six cents; you need the book more than the stamps.

                Hart Schaffner and Marx                             Good   Clothes   Makers

                          Chicago               Boston                New York

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                 119
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 ^HERE is a place in every home for Artloom Tapestries, and every woman will welcome this news of them. The Artlooms weave beautiful tapestries and hangings—the most artistic curtains, couch covers and table covers. What is still more to the point—one may have them at moderate cost. Tasteful things are luxuries because they are uncommon. Good taste is not necessarily expensive; it is only rare. Artloom Tapestries cost no more than tapestries with the art left out.

   A choice bit of ArtUom product is the curtain illustrated on this page. Fifty inches wide, three yards long, with heavily tasseled fringe on the throw over. Done in the five-stripe Bagdad pattern so pop ular for high-class decoration. Made in tuo distinct color combinations — Oriental Reds and Greens and an Ecru stripe; or Warm Olive and Green as the strong notes of color with a stripe of Brown. The rich Eastern colorings are especially effective for A'cove, Den or Cozy Corner.

   For sale by leading Dry Goods and Department Stores. Ask your dealer for Artloom Tapestries. Look for this label. It is on every genuine Artloom production.

                            vo           Registered

                                                                          PhiladelphiaTapestryMills

                                                                               Philadelphia. Pa.

               If your dealer doesn’t carry Art-looni Tapestries cut out this coupon and enclose with Lon cents and a letter to us giving your dealer’s name and address and we will send you a beautiful plush velour square in red or greenf that can bo used either for a centre piece or pillow top. They would cost fifty cents in any store, but are made exclusively by us. 37 Philadelphia Tapestry Mills.

              Send for our Style Book C, printed in colors, with Artloom suggestions for every room in the house. Mailed free on request.

                                             Philadelphia Tapestry Mills

                                                 PHILADELPHIA, PA.

                                                                                                                             Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisera.

                                               120
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

 The Strength of Iron and the Purity of China

            unite in “\andard” Ware. It is beautiful in design and of moderate cost.

 TO simplify the bathroom problem for those who are planning to build or remodel, we have issued “ MODERN BATHROOMS,” a handbook of expert information and many fine illustrations. Free on request.

                The fixtures shown in this illustration are “ Copley ” Lavatory and “ Morris ” Bath.

    CAUTION—Every piece of ^tattdard'' Ware bears our guarantee “Green and Gold” label and has our trademark Standard" cast on the outside. Unless the label and trademark are on the fixture it is not r$tandard* Ware. Refuse substitutes—they are all inferior and will cost you more in the end.

   Our dainty booklet, “ For Beauty’s Sake,” tells of the relation of shower bathing to health and vigor, and describes the Standard Portable Shower, which, complete, costs only $15.00. Sent free.

 ripPSST’ Standard cSatiitart} Co.

                                        Dept. E, PITTSBURG, PA.

                                The Completion of the Modern

Home

  is the installation of a modern bathroom. No other room in the house exerts such an influence upon the health of its occupants. It must be, therefore, sanitary. The snowy, cleanly, non-porous surface of .Standard" Ware assures this absolutely.

  is found in the new Standard" One Piece Lavatories. They are free from cracks and crevices and are altogether so beautiful and artistic, as well as sanitary, that they are as frequently installed in bedrooms and dressing rooms as in bathrooms.

                                     The Perfection of the Modem Bathroom

                                                               Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                          121
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                              Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                        122
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                                                  The

                                                                                  Clothes of Today

D. I\uppenh?im?r Cr vx

AMERICA’S FOREMOST CLOTHES MAKERS

CHICAGO.    NEW YORK.  BOSTON

                             Please mention McClure’s when vou write to advertisers.

                                                                      113
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                                                              Please mention McClure's when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                        124
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

Rosy cheeks and bright minds for school children and grown-ups. fJGood beef in the form of Armour’s Extract of Beef supplies just the food needed to strengthen, tone and Stimulate. If you have been to the country or seashore, it helps you retain the effeds of an abundance of ozone; if you remained at home it is a substitute, supplying the system with a mild Stimulant that invigorates and Strengthens without any after-effeds. School children and the delicate find it sharpens the appetite, makes digestion easy, and quiets the nervous. It is a food pure and simple, and should be used as such with meals, or as a lunch. CJYou may use it as a broth, beef tea and with soups, sauces, cereals, etc. €J Culinary Wrinkles tells how to make tempting and dainty dishes at a small cost and in a short time. It’s sent free on request, tj Economical cooks use Armour’s Extract of Beef because it saves meat, enables one to use left-overs, and is always a ready-to-use dish in case of an emergency.

€| Sold by all druggists and grocers.

Armour Company, Chicago

         Has a delicious asparagus flavor for seasoning and as a beverage. CL One or two teaspoonfuls added to a salad dressing improves flavor and is a tempting relish. Try it in the dressing the next time you serve cold asparagus or asparagus tips. «L Served with cream it is a delicious Bouillon. SOLD BY ALL GROCERS

         Armour and Company, Chicago

                                                             Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                       125
 [pgbrk] McCLUBE’S MAGAZINE

Seven years ago we introduced THE ANGELUS

     Its astounding success is due, First: to the fact that it was the first instrument ever placed before the public, which gave the means to anyone to play the piano, even though he or she might be entirely lacking in musical education. Second: to the fact that its makers have constantly improved and developed it in every way to meet their own exacting desires as well as the cultivated demands of the public.

     The first instrument permitted of some individual expression, but the ANGELUS of to-day gives everyone (layman or musician) all the means to interpret a composition to accord with the feelings and sentiments of his or her own soul.

    THE PHRASING LEVER, our latest patented expression device, enables you to phrase to suit your own taste or fancy without changing the tempo lever. With the phrasing lever you also can prolong or shorten syllables in the rendition of songs—can take any liberty known to the musician.

    The expression devices are simple, yet so complete that anyone can play the piano in an artistic manner and produce effects which cannot be produced with any other piano player.

                   Send for (free) handsome booklet and the name of the nearest agency.

                     THE WILCOX and WHITE COMPANY Established 1876                                                         Meriden,  Conn.

                                                                Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                                           126
 [pgbrk]                                McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

       Best for you—delicious, nutritious, home-cooked

                      PETTIJOHN

               —ALL THE WHEAT THAT’S GOOD TO EAT—

It is a table delight that adds a new charm to breakfast, luncheon or supper.

                 You do not tire of Pettijohn. It is always palatable—always good.

                  A Cereta (money saving) Check in Every Package.

  *Con\e. Pettibeip. 'vV’lL boost you up to get us lt sonie f r*u it (Bub \nd the Cub smiled .knowMy, tluy thought tlicinstlv’eHSucute).

                                                  Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers. 127
 [pgbrk] McCLURE'S MAGAZINE

                          Linen is a more elegant material than cotton for summer dress. Linen will look like cotton if washed with any but Ivory Soap.

        There is no “free” (uncombined) oil or alkali in Ivory Soap. The combination is complete. Containing no “free oil,” it rinses perfectly. There being no “free alkali,” it is harmless to color, skin or fabric. 99iVo Per cent. pure. It floats.

                                                 Please mention McClure’s when you write to advertisers.

                                                                                128
 [pgbrk]    (Natural Flavor)

 Food Products

                     Delicious Luncheon Meats

              Libby’s (“) Food Products

are used extensively both at home and abroad. They are served on transatlantic liners and on dining cars. Libby’s Veal Loaf, Vienna Sausage, Melrose Pate, Corned Beef Hash, Peerless Wafer Sliced Dried Beef, Concentrated Soup, etc., are ready to serve at a moment’s notice. A.11 grocers sell them.

          Our booklet “Salad Success,” containing recipes for twelve delicious salads, sent free upon request.

                     Libby, McNeill and Libby

                                 Chicago

/
 [pgbrk] The Joy of the Household

Wool Soap is essentially a Toilet and Bath necessity, and not for exclusive use on woolens. It floats, is white, and pure. Sold by the leading: dealers. SWIFT and COMPANY, U. S. A.

♦game

              Sherlock Holmes

                                           LAUGHABLE EXCITING

 Entirely New. -

 LEARNED IN TWO MINUTES FUN FOR INFORMAL PARTIES.

                     The Brightest, Simplest Card Game Ever Devised

 From three to eight can play ; all play at once. Not a dull moment from start to finish. Ask your dealer for the new game, SHERLOCK. HOLMES, or send 50c. to us for pack. •

PARKER BROTHERS"*

                                          SALEM.MASS..U.S.A.and Flatiron Bldg.NEW YORK. SOLE MAKERS of SHERLOCK HOLMES GAME. PIT. BID. etc.

                  ITIS A MATTER OF HEALTH

COLGATE’S

VIOLET TALC

  ^AKirlG

  POWDER

          Absolutely Pure THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE

To Mothers and. Nurses

 Colgate’s Violet Talc is made from the formula of an eminent Physician and is used in leading hospitals. Repeated tests of analytical Chemists and Bacteriologists prove t hat both the Powder and Violet Perfume of Colgate’s Talc possess antiseptic and soothing qualities. It is the

 Safest Baby Powder

The McClure Press, 141-155 East 25th Street, New York, U. S. A.

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