Title Information
Title
"Freedom Is not Won with Flowers:" An Operational Analysis of the U.S. Occupations of Cuba (1906), Haiti (1915), and Nicaragua (1927)
Abstract
Why have great powers sometimes been able to occupy weaker countries and at other times, using similar tactics, lost to a few poorly armed insurgents? Most scholarly theories of counterinsurgency propose best practices against insurgencies inspired by Maoist protracted warfare theory. But the wide variation in outcomes among cases in which counterinsurgents followed these best practices suggests that insurgent organization and strategy exert equal influence on victory and defeat as counterinsurgency strategy. I argue that for insurgent movements with low levels of bureaucracy, leaders’ autonomy and the difficulty of replacing them make leadership – rather than civilians or fighters – the insurgents’ center of gravity. I propose a model of leadership decapitation in which only those insurgencies whose leaders are highly motivated to fight and are able to evade capture or assassination will win their campaigns. This model is based on detailed case studies of the U.S. occupations of Cuba (1906), Haiti (1915), and Nicaragua (1927), which current theories of counterinsurgency theory do not fully explain. This research contributes to a more accurate understanding of the outcomes of these interventions and of the variety of forms insurgencies can take.
Name: Personal
Name Part
McMahon, Leo D
Role
Role Term (marcrelator) (authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators", valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/cre")
creator
Name: Personal
Name Part
Kinzer, Stephen
Role
Role Term (marcrelator) (authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators", valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ths")
thesis advisor
Name: Personal
Name Part
Jost, Tyler
Role
Role Term
reader
Name: Corporate
Name Part
Brown University. International Relations
Role
Role Term: Text
sponsor
Origin Information
Copyright Date
2023
Type of Resource (primo)
text_resources
Physical Description
digitalOrigin
born digital
Language
Language Term: Text (ISO639-2B) (authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2.html", valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng")
English
Note: thesis
Senior thesis (AB)--Brown University, 2023
Note (displayLabel="Concentration")
International and Public Affairs
Genre (aat)
theses
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00975461")
Topic
Insurgency
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01228307")
Topic
Nicaragua
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01205805")
Topic
Cuba
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01205135")
Topic
Haiti
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00881325")
Topic
Counterinsurgency
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/")
Topic
Decapitation
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/")
Topic
Military leadership
Access Condition: use and reproduction
All rights reserved
Access Condition: rights statement (href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/")
In Copyright
Access Condition: restriction on access
All Rights Reserved
Identifier: DOI
10.26300/85cf-tm83