Title Information
Title
Genetic Manipulation to Stress Granule Components Modifies Neurodegeneration in Drosophila Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Type of Resource (primo)
dissertations
Name: Personal
Name Part
Sarkisian, Emily
Role
Role Term: Text
creator
Name: Personal
Name Part
Wharton, Kristi
Role
Role Term: Text
Advisor
Name: Personal
Name Part
Larschan, Erica
Role
Role Term: Text
Reader
Name: Personal
Name Part
Rand, David
Role
Role Term: Text
Reader
Name: Corporate
Name Part
Brown University. Biology and Medicine: Biotechnology
Role
Role Term: Text
sponsor
Origin Information
Copyright Date
2025
Physical Description
Extent
, 71 p.
digitalOrigin
born digital
Note: thesis
Thesis (Sc. M.)--Brown University, 2025
Genre (aat)
theses
Abstract
Stress granules (SG) are membraneless, ribonucleoprotein structures that assemble as a protective response to stress in the cell. In the presence of chronic stress, SGs fail to dissolve, leading to persistent aggregation of proteins and stalled mRNA translation. SG dysfunction is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD), yet it is unclear whether SG dysfunction is causative to these disorders or is in response to neurodegeneration. Mutations to the genes C9orf72 and TARDBP are seen in both sporadic and familial forms of ALS/FTD. We developed an adult-onset Drosophila model of C9orf72-(G4C2)49 ALS, wherein adult flies exhibit a shortened lifespan and exacerbated decrease in climbing velocity with age. Using this and a motor neuron-driven dTARDBP patient allele (TBPH[N493D]), we tested if knocking down four SG-associated genes of interest using RNAi had any effect on neurodegeneration phenotypes in these two models. These genes (Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein at 27C (Hrb27C), Tudor staphylococcal nuclease (Tudor-SN), maleless (mle), and ovarian tumor (otu)) were selected from a screen that identified ~150 novel human SG components (Markmiller et al., 2018). As shown previously, RNAi knockdown of each gene reduces a rough eye phenotype indicative of neurodegeneration when mutant human proteins are expressed in Drosophila photoreceptors (GMR>hTDP-43[M337V] and hFUS[R521C]). To better understand the extent to which these four SG genes alleviate neurotoxicity, we assessed ALS-associated defects in viability (eclosion), motor function (climbing), and survival (lifespan) and how it may be modified by knockdown of each gene. The ability to suppress neurotoxicity associated with C9orf72-(G4C2)49 ALS and TBPH[N493D] ALS models varied with each gene knockdown. We also assessed the pathological hallmark of TDP-43 ALS which includes toxic protein aggregation in the cytoplasm of the cell. We observe that knockdown of SG-associated genes can re-localize the protein to the nucleus. Our analysis highlights the dynamic role of SG-associated genes in ALS pathology.
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00898408")
Topic
Drosophila melanogaster
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00808161")
Topic
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Subject
Topic
Neurodegeneration
Subject
Topic
Stress Granules
Language
Language Term (ISO639-2B)
English
Record Information
Record Content Source (marcorg)
RPB
Record Creation Date (encoding="iso8601")
20250707