<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:METS="http://www.loc.gov/METS/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" ID="pari252482">
          <mods:titleInfo>
            <mods:title>Demolition of Butte des Moulins for Avenue de l'Opéra: photo, general view</mods:title>
          </mods:titleInfo>
          <mods:name type="personal">
            <mods:namePart>Emonts, P.</mods:namePart>
            <mods:role>
              <mods:roleTerm type="text">photographer</mods:roleTerm>
            </mods:role>
          </mods:name>
          <mods:originInfo>
            <mods:dateCreated>ca. 1870</mods:dateCreated>
          </mods:originInfo>
          <mods:physicalDescription>
            <mods:extent>1 photograph</mods:extent>
          </mods:physicalDescription>
          <mods:abstract>Construction for the Avenue de l'Opéra officially began in 1854, though it was not until 1873 that it received its name (it was originally called "Avenue Napoléon"). The avenue was initially opened in 1864 and situated between Rue Louis-le-Grand and the Boulevard des Capucines. It was extended, however, in 1867 and 1876, and was officially permanently opened at this latter date. It is now located between the Place du Théâtre-Français and the Place de l'Opéra. Like most of Haussmann's work, the construction of the Avenue de l'Opéra resulted in massive demolition of certain quarters and residences, including the Butte des Moulins. By 1876, the total construction costs reached 9.8 million dollars, and 168 homes were destroyed. This photograph of the demolition site was taken by P. Emonts around 1870. 
</mods:abstract>
          <mods:note type="source note">Des Cars, Jean and Pierre Pinon. Paris Haussmann. Paris: Editions du Pavillon de l'Arsenal, 1991.</mods:note>
          <mods:note type="source note">Hillairet, Jacques. Dictionnaire Historique des Rues de Paris. Paris: Editions de Minuit, 1961.</mods:note>
          <mods:subject>
            <mods:geographic>Avenue de l'Opéra (Paris, France)</mods:geographic>
          </mods:subject>
          <mods:subject>
            <mods:geographic>Butte des Moulins (Paris, France)</mods:geographic>
          </mods:subject>
          <mods:subject displayLabel="Thematic Category"><mods:topic>Art</mods:topic><mods:topic>Photographs</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject displayLabel="Thematic Category"><mods:topic>City Planning</mods:topic><mods:topic>Construction</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject displayLabel="Thematic Category"><mods:topic>City Planning</mods:topic><mods:topic>Demolition</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject displayLabel="Thematic Category"><mods:topic>Public Works</mods:topic><mods:topic>Streets</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject displayLabel="Historical Period"><mods:topic>1852-1870 (The Second Empire)</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:relatedItem displayLabel="Collection:" type="host">
            <mods:titleInfo>
              <mods:title>Paris capital of the 19th century</mods:title>
            </mods:titleInfo>
            <mods:identifier type="URI">http://dl.lib.brown.edu/paris</mods:identifier>
            <mods:identifier type="COLID">6</mods:identifier>
          </mods:relatedItem>
          <mods:identifier type="METSID">1084972389780875</mods:identifier>
        <mods:accessCondition type="rights statement" xlink:href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/">No Copyright - United States</mods:accessCondition><mods:accessCondition type="restriction on access">Collection is open for research.</mods:accessCondition><mods:typeOfResource>still image</mods:typeOfResource></mods:mods>