World War One and Brazilian Cultural Life A Primeira Guerra Mundial e a Vida Cultural Brasileira Oliveira, Lúcia Lippi Fundação Getúlio Vargas author text articles June 2017 2017-06 eng por pp. 71-81 born digital Addressing the repercussions of the First World War on Brazilian cultural life, this article highlights the conflictual relationship between Brazil and Portugal during the Brazilian First Republic. Rio de Janeiro’s urban reform, which aimed at transforming the capital into a ‘tropical Paris’ (proof of the country’s modernization and its accession to the belle époque), was seen to represent liberation from the colonial past. However, the War shattered these illusions and overthrew the trust hitherto placed in the values of European civilization, now considered decadent. New diagnoses and therapies began to guide nationalist political movements. Old struggles were brought up to date and the Portuguese legacy was once more reevaluated. Ao abordar as repercussões da Primeira Guerra na vida cultural brasileira o artigo destaca a conflituosa relação entre Brasil e Portugal durante a Primeira República. A libertação do passado colonial vai ser representada pela reforma urbana do Rio que pretende transformar a capital em uma “Paris tropical” – prova da modernização e do ingresso do país na belle époque. A Guerra destrói tais ilusões e derruba a confiança nos valores da civilização europeia considerada então como decadente. Novos diagnósticos e novas terapias passam a guiar movimentos políticos de cunho nacionalistas. Antigos combates são reatualizados e a herança portuguesa vai ser novamente reavaliada. 15 vol. 1 no. 71 81 World War, 1914-1918 Brazil International relations and culture Brazil 20th century International relations and culture Brazil 19th century City planning Rio de Janeiro e-Journal of Portuguese History vol. 15, no. 1 10.26300/mwqg-ps57