May / June 1976 



Alumni Monthly 



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All of us up here on the Hill invite you to join us in 
a timely sing-along. The tune itself is timeless. 
What we hope you'll also remember are the words. 
One in particular - ei'er. 

Now admittedly, no battle ot the budgets, no 
annual giving campaign, is ever lost because ot a 
single or simple adverb - but it there were ever a 
moment when a University needs more evers than 
tierers, more o/tem than mre/ys, this is that time. 

Last year — thanks to the spirited response ot Bruno- 
nians of all ages and the high note provided by Dick 
Salomon's Matching Gift - the Brown Fund 
enjoyed its finest year and (even more) saw alumni 
participation reach the 49% mark for the first time 
in Brown's history. Is that kind of "ever-ness" vital 
to Brown.'' Look at it this way! Raising our goal of 
$1,500,000 is like having another $30,000,000 in 
endowment! And Brown - so high in so many areas 
of Ivy League rankings — is woetully U)w in that fis- 
cal one called endowment. Last place, to be precise. 

That's just one big reason why the Brown Fund is so 
important to the hard work, high hopes and bold 



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strides that have marked Brown's progress in the 
last several decades. We have wishes aplenty and 
will enough to match - but wealth enough, we 
have not. And that's why the Brown Fund urges 
you to be - in effect - "ever true". 

Brown needs you. Ever and often. Brown is neither 
too proud nor too haughty to ask for your help. The 
Brown Fund goal for this year is $1.5 million. To 
achieve the $1.5 million will mean increased gihs. 
Another goal (obviously linked to the first) is to 
increase alumni participation. That's why we need 
more "evers" and "oftens". The University is a fam- 
ily - and we hope everyone will give to Brown 
through this year's Brown Fund campaign. 

So won't you swell the chorus in this sing-along for 
Brown this year? Keep your "ever" status, by all 
means. Move up from "rarely" to "often" by help- 
ing now. And if you've ever been, tor whatever rea- 
son, a "never" - all it takes to leap from there to an 
"ever" is the matter of one little letter. One with a 
check of course - and soon, as the year ends June 30. 



The Brown Fund-if we don't,who will? 





Brown Alumni Monthly, May/June 1976, Vol. 76, No. 8 



Editor 

Robert M. Rhodes 

Managing Editor 

Sandra Reeves 

Associate Editor 

John F. Barry, Jr. '50 

Assistant Editor 

Kathleen C. Smith '75 A.M. 

Editorial Assistant 

Janet M. Phillips '70 



Board of Editors 

Chairman 

Garrett D. Byrnes '26 

Vice-chairman 

Gladys Chemack Kapstein '40 

Barry Beckham '66 

Bernard V. Buonanno, Jr. '60 

Cornelia D. Dean '69 

Doris Steam Donovan '59 

James E. DuBois '50 

Karen Leggett '72 

Douglas R. Riggs '61 

Arthur O. Williams, Jr. '37 Ph.D. 




page! 




page 15 



® 1976 by Bwim Alumni Monlhhi Published 
nine times during each year — January/ 
February. March, April. May/June, )uly' 
August, September. October, November, and 
December — bv Brown University, 
Providence, R 1 Pnnted by The Lane Press, 
Burhngton, Vt Editorial offices are in 
Nicholson House, 71 George St., Providence, 
R.I. 02906 Second class postage paid at 
Providence, R I,, and at additional mailing 
offices. Member, Council for the Advancement 
and Support of Education. The Moiithli/ is sent 
to all Brown alumni. Please allow eight weeks 
for changes-of-address. 

Postmaster: 

Send Form 3579 to Box 1908, 
Brown University, 
Providence, R.I. 02912 




In this issue 



2 Women at Brown — The Merger Plus Five 

Coeducation came to Brown in May 1971, when the Corporation 
approved the merger of Pembroke College, an eighty-year-old 
sister institution, with the 207- year-old aU-male University. What has 
that event meant for women? In this five-year progress report, the 
statistics are sorted and the lives of individual women examined. If 
the merger was symbolic of changing attitudes in the society at large, 
so the problems women face on campus today are symptomatic of 
larger American concerns. 

15 Tally Palmer: Ten Years of Struggle Against Sex Discrimination in 
Church and State 

A union organizer, a fearless and controversial foreign service officer, 
the plaintiff in the first sex discrimination suit against the U.S. State 
Department. Alison "Tally" Palmer '53 is alfof these and more: in 
September she became an Episcopal priest. 

21 Liberty Tree Revisited: The American Revolution and Spanish 
America 

Even though they were monarchists themselves, the Spaniards ex- 
tended generous aid to the rebellious English colonies during the 
Revolution. Like France, Spain saw in the conflict an opportunity to 
realign the balance of power in the New World. But after victory, 
the United States had other plans for Spanish America, as Professor 
of History R. C. Padden details in this eighth installment of the 
Bicentennial series. 



Departments 

29 Under the Elms 

32 Sports 

36 The Classes 

47 Carrying the Mail 

48 Books 



page 29 



Cover: The line drawing of women at Brown is the work of Providence illustrator 
Deborah Clark. On the back cover, a John Foraste photograph captures one 
unidentified student in the classroom. 



University Health Services physician 
Dr. Carolyn Goldstein (right) examines 
a patient: Dean Elizabeth Leduc (far 
right) confers ivith a student. 




The merger plus five 



Remember 1971? When Gloria Steinem graced the 
cover oiNeivsweek, and Ms. magazine was 
just a curious trial balloon with Wonder Wom- 
an on the cover and an awkward-sounding title on 
the masthead? When the Equal Rights Amendment 
was a non-controversial piece of legislation being pre- 
pared for presentation (in March 1972) to states more 
than eager to ratify it? When women's political clout 
was emerging, with the National Women's Political 
Caucus forming, and Shirley Chisholm on the verge of 
announcing her candidacy for President of the United 
States? When consciousness-raising was in flower, 
and women's lives were increasingly becoming the 
subject of legitimate research? 

Remember 1971? That time when coeducation 
stalked the Ivy League; when 500 female under- 
graduates were struggling through their second year at 
Yale; when Princeton's tiger was beginning to purr as 
well as snarl; and when Pembroke College faded 
quietly into history? 

Like the broader culture around it. Brown Univer- 
sity has undergone a series of changes in the last five 
years — changes that have altered the substance and 
the tone of its daily life. In this issue, the BAM seeks to 
examine some of those changes, and to chart the prog- 
ress of coeducation at an institution dominated by 
more than 200 years of male tradition. To do so, we 
have chosen to look at individual lives — to focus on 
the thoughts and activities of a few selected students, 
teachers, alumnae, and staff members who help make 



up the Brown communitv. Throughout, we have 
briefly noted what are commonly considered to be the 
"issues." But we believe that, in the end, it is the lives 
and thoughts of individuals that can best characterize 
what change has meant to women — at Brown and in 
America — during these five difficult years. 

In our examination, we have found Brown to be, 
for the most part, a mirror of the nation as a whole in 
1976. As one feminist student told us, "The problems 
women find here — from little sexist remarks in the 
classroom, to the whole conflict between economic fac- 
tors and equal opportunity — are about what thev will 
find outside." A professor we talked with put it this 
way: "Maybe this is how far we've come in five years: 
today, being female means less (in terms of job inse- 
curities) than being untenured." 

Economics have rudely intruded on American 
idealism during this half-decade. Equal opportunity is 
proving often to be a prohibitively expensive enter- 
prise in a period when jobs are disappearing faster 
than civil rights regulations can be processed. And the 
disheartening fact is that, at Brown, the majority of the 
women members of a faculty less than 10 percent 
female are untenured. Women have begun to com- 
plain that unless affirmative action is applied to pro- 
motion as well as to hiring, what few gains are made in 
recruiting women for the faculty will prove hollow vic- 
tories in light of the faculty cutback. 

One woman, in a controversial move that has 
focused campus attention on the matter, filed a civil 



\---iitant Professor Naomi Baron teaches a 
karate class (below); Alice O'Donnell (right) 
takes a saiuiwich order in the hi/ Room. 




(i' 



By Sandra Reeves 



suit against the University last year claiming sex dis- 
crimination in the denial of tenure. Louise Lamphere, 
an assistant professor of anthropology, is now seek- 
ing the proof that will enable her to pursue her case 
as a class action suit on behalf of all women at Brown. 
She won a major legal victory early this year, when 
Federal District Court Judge Raymond J. Pettine or- 
dered the University to hand over to her all materials 
relating to tenure decisions since 1964. If she is suc- 
cessful in establishing, through these data, a pattern of 
sex discrimination in the awarding of tenure at Brown, 
the case could have wide-ranging effects. If she is 
not, many observers feel the case will uphold the right 
of academic departments to come to their own con- 
clusions about scholarship and teaching merit. 

For women, the Lamphere case delineates only 
one of several troubling aspects of the community to 
which they belong. They discuss other issues as well: 
the lack of commitment to women's studies in the cur- 
riculum; the dearth of women in leadership roles 
at Brown; the University's failure, after four years, 
to gain government approval for the institution's 
affirmative-action plan. 

A grab bag of groups and committees has tried 
to resolve these and other problems over the years. 
The Pembroke Study Committee, which recom- 
mended merger in 1970, also made eight other recom- 
mendations that it felt would strengthen the role of 
women on campus. Several of these have been carried 
out; most have not. A Committee on Women Faculty 



was created by faculty vote in 1970 to safeguard the 
interests of women on the faculty; its impact thus far 
has been chiefly educational. Last year, an ad hoc 
committee of faculty, administrators, alumnae, stu- 
dents, and faculty wives calling themselves the Work- 
ing Group on the Status of Women at Brown was suc- 
cessful in rallying support for the creation of a center 
for women on campus. The Sarah Doyle Center now 
serves as a visible symbol of commitment to women, 
as well as a popular meeting place that bridges the 
gaps of isolation between women at Brown. This year, 
the Brown Corporation created its own Committee on 
the Status of Women, chaired by Jean Howard '70. Its 
final report is due in October. 

The merger of Pembroke and Brown may have 
changed little about the actual education of women on 
campus — Pembrokers already received Brown de- 
grees and attended Brown classes — but it did settle, 
finally, an eighty-year debate over purposes. In 1891, 
seven feminists had taken the University to court to 
prove that the phrase, "for the education of youth," in 
the Brown Charter included women. They won, but 
the University's resolution of the dilemma was a 
separate-but-equal arrangement that lasted more than 
a half-century. Today's Brown women are proving 
that full partnership for women will not only work, but 
wiU also enhance the central purposes of the institu- 
Hon — learning and contributing. Their stories begin 
on the following page. 



Women faculty: 
As Brown 
contracts, they 
hope for greater 
numbers and rank 



National surveys show a mixed 
record for academic women dur- 
ing the seventies: women have gained, 
slowly and steadily, a larger proportion 
of the college teaching ranks — moving 
from 19 percent of the national profes- 
soriate in 1969 to 22 percent in 1975 — 
and they now make up about a third of 
all the full-time faculty members under 
the age of thirty. But they have gained 
little in status to go along with the num- 
bers. Women college professors still 
make less than men do, spend more 
time teaching, publish less, and, accord- 
ing to one survey, "show a striking pat- 
tern of 'segregation' in terms of rank, 
where thev teach, and what they 
teach." 

Brown's statistics show similar 
change: women now make up 9.8 per- 
cent of the Brown faculty, a figure that, 
despite its size, reflects small but con- 
sistent increases over the last three 
years. Women also represent a larger 
proportion of new faculty hirings than 
ever before at Brown (20 percent last 
year). But the percentage of women fac- 
ulty holding tenure remains dismally 
low, with only eleven women counted 
among the nearly 350 Brown faculty 
with tenure. And average salaries for 
female faculty members at Brown, ac- 
cording to the 1975 Report of Academic 
Salary Data and Compensation Indices, 
lag behind male averages by $200 (in- 
sh-uctor rank) to $1,200 (professor). 

Even so, there are some encourag- 
ing signs. This year, the Committee on 
Women Faculty decided to look into the 
problems of the untenured at Brown 
and sent out a questionnaire to both 
men and women in the junior ranks. 
Though analysis of the information is 
incomplete, co-chairman Naomi Baron, 
an assistant professor of linguistics, re- 
ports the study seems to be proving 
that, in terms of working conditions, 
there is little discrimination based on 
sex. What discrimination exists, in mat- 



ters of class scheduling, office space, 
and general treatment, seems to be 
based more on rank and on department. 
According to the results, the sciences 
seem — on paper — to be the most 
egalitarian departments at Brown. 

In the overall University adminis- 
tration, however, women are finding 
more to complain about. This year, a 
flap arose over the University's "dis- 
criminatory carelessness" in faUing to 
announce to women faculty the avail- 
ability of a special Carnegie grant pro- 
gram that might have paid two years' 
salary for an untenured woman. The in- 
formation was somehow lost in an ad- 
ministrative shuffle, and President Hor- 
nig admitted in April that he had "egg 
on my face" in the matter. Women fac- 
ulty further chide the administration for 
its failure to fill the Nancy Duke Lewis 
Chair, which was anonymously en- 
dowed to support a senior woman schol- 
ar and has been empty since the death 
several years ago of the previous 
chairholder. That failure, however, may 
have resulted from a cruel irony — 
affirmative action may make it difficult 
to solicit nominations marked "for 
women scholars only." 




Mari Jo Buhle 

Position: Assistant professor of 
American civilization and history. 

Background: One of thirtv-five un- 
tenured women at Brown, Mari Jo is 
nonetheless in a position of relative se- 
curity this year, due to intense student 
pressure to keep the women's history 



course she has taught for three of the 
last four years from becoming a victim 
of budgetary cutbacks. Slated to be 
dropped in the 1975-76 American Civili- 
zation budget, the course had shown a 
consistent rise in enrollment (from 
twenty-five in 1972 to sixty this year), 
but was offered each year through the 
addition of a half-time, one-year in- 
structorship. After last year's student 
campaign, however, the department 
launched a nationwide search for a full- 
time assistant professor versed in wom- 
en's history. Mari Jo won the job she 
had pioneered at Brown and, this time, 
a three-year contract. 

Laurels: With Assistant Professor 
of History Mary Yeager, she shared one 
of this year's Wriston Fellowships, 
awarded for teaching innovation. The 
two will use their award to develop a 
course merging the study of American 
labor history (Mari Jo's sub-specialty) 
and American economic history (Mary's 
field). 

Personal life: Her husband, also an 
American historian, is her partner in 
work as well as at home. They have two 
joint efforts about to be published: an 
abridged, one-volume version of A His- 
tory of Women's Suffrage, for which they 
wrote a long introductory chapter; and a 
junior college-level text on Sex Roles in 
the Twaitieth Ceritury. 

Her thoughts: "Frankly, I have 
been surprised by the reaction to the 
women's history course. I thought that 
the potential pool of students might 
have been exhausted by now. But there 
has been a change in the kind of student 
taking the course. In the beginning, it 
was a small cadre of the most politically 
motivated students. Their attitude was, 
'It's too bad about the history, but it's a 
course on women, so I have to struggle 
through.' Now the students accept the 
course as history, in and of itself, and it 
is much easier to teach." 

n "Yes, I can call myself a fem- 
inist, but I prefer to define feminist 
thought as we do in the course. That is, 
women have a right to individual con- 
trol over their lives. Feminism is a his- 
torical idea that changes dramatically 
through our history. The search for au- 
tonomy is the only concept that links all 
the definitions." 

D "I support the ERA, but I feel 
that as a legal issue it is much less im- 
portant than suffrage was. Laws really 
don't change attitudes; it's the other 
way around. Laws reflect changing at- 
titudes." 



n "In women's studies, students 
are less interested in sex and sexuality 
than they once were and more in- 
terested in work and work roles and in 
health issues. 1 find that new interests 
emerge every year. Last year there was 
a lot of interest in women and sports; 
this year ethnicity has become a major 
interest." 

D "1 don't consider myself a wom- 
en's studies specialist; I am a social his- 
torian who specializes in women. In our 
course we study the role definition of 
American women in relation to the so- 
cial changes that have taken place dur- 
ing our history." 

D "Women's history is a loaded 
course. I always get very nervous at the 
time for midterm evaluation. The stu- 
dents react the same way to the course. 
It's not only a scholarly endeavor; it's a 
political act. Because the course is about 
women, we want it not only to be 'just 
good'; we want it to be the best. That's a 
tremendous pressure to work under." 




Barbara Lewalski 

Position: Professor of English. 

Background: One of five women 
on the Brown faculty to hold full profes- 
sorships, she has a reputation as a 
scholar par excellence (one of her books 
won the Explicator Award as the best 
literary analysis in English and Ameri- 
can literature for 1974). She has written 
extensively on Shakespeare, Milton, 
and Donne, and is currently writing a 
book on seventeenth-century religious 



lyric poetry. A frequent lecturer at na- 
tional and international meetings, she 
was one of the driving forces this year 
behind Brown's new concentration in 
Renaissance studies. She is the author 
of a widely praised book on Milton (her 
first) and says she has "another book or 
two in me" about Milton, a poet she 
finds irresistible for "the profundity of 
the mind and the magnificence of the 
art." 

Additional duties: She gives her 
time freely, feeling "I owe a certain re- 
sponsibility to the world 1 live in." In 
the past, she has held offices in the 
Modern Language Association and the 
local chapter of the AAUP and served in 
1970 as president of the Milton Society 
of America. She spent most of this year 
searching for a president for the Univer- 
sity — her second assignment as a 
member of a presidential search com- 
mittee in six years. She serves on three 
editorial boards, will run one of the Na- 
tional Endowment for the Humanities' 
summer seminars for college teachers 
this year, and somehow found the time 
several years ago to commute to New 
Jersey as a visiting professor at Prince- 
ton. 

Personal life: She lives with her 
husband, a historian, and their thir- 
teen-year-old son in a state of what ap- 
pears to be ordered chaos. "We are all 
very busy people who enjoy each 
other," she explains, "so whoever has a 
minute to do whatever needs doing on 
the home front does it. It's as simple as 
that." Fortunately, she has adapted her 
biological clock to get by on minimal 
sleep, so she often does her best writing 
late into the night. Although she claims 
no grand design for mixing marriage 
and a demanding career — "the things 
one cares about get themselves done," 
she believes — some life events have 
seemed fortuitous indeed. For instance, 
she had her baby during a sabbatical 
leave in England and was ready to teach 
again the next year without so much as 
a break. "You don't separate the two," 
she says laughingly of work and home 
life. "You just toss all the balls in the air 
and hope none of them fall down on 
you." 

Her thoughts: "I'm one of those 
people who finds no real conflict in 
teaching and scholarship. I'm happy 
doing both; I'm unhappy when I can't 
do both. If I were not actively working 
in my field, I would be stale. I would be 
parlaying other people's conceptions, 
rather than the kind of live questions 



that suggest where the field really is." 

n "I have to say, frankly, that 
being a woman has not been a handicap 
to me. Promotions and tenure have 
come along when they should have — 
maybe a little sooner than they might 
have. But my progress through the 
ranks came before the crunch. It's a 
kind of exceptional situation." 

n "1 think one of the most remark- 
able changes I have witnessed is the 
change that has taken place in women's 
perception of themselves. One of the 
most surprising things I encountered in 
my first classes [she taught at Wellesley 
in 1954] was how the women students 
thought about themselves. They were 
extremely bright, had interests in a 
broad variety of intellectual pursuits, 
and yet had absolutely no sense that 
they would ever do anything with any 
of this knowledge." 

n "To some of us who have been 
around for awhile, [all of the discussion 
of women's problems provoked by the 
women's liberation movement] seems a 
bit like deja vu . . . When 1 was in 
graduate school and was working out 
some of these things for myself, the 
only way women who wanted to do 
something different with their lives 
could think about themselves was that 
for some reason they were 'special.' 
Now I think it is possible for women to 
see that there are lots of different paths, 
and that this reaching out to self- 
fulfillment is somehow part of what it is 
to be human." 




Laura Durand 

Position: Associate professor of 
French studies. 



Background: Although she says 
she never wanted to be a teacher, pre- 
ferring to dream of being a writer be- 
cause "I was the sort of kid who every- 
one said would be a teacher," she was 
drawn to academic pursuits from an 
early age. Now she teaches French Ren- 
aissance literature and prose fiction at 
Brown, and earlier this year became one 
of the few women to gain tenure amidst 
the University's financial difficulties. 
Since January, she has been on a year's 
sabbaHcal leave in Europe to finish a 
book about the sixteenth-century poet, 
Jean de Sponde. 

Additional interests: She has 
chaired numerous panels on the Brown 
curriculum, which she calls one of the 
joys of teaching at Brown, and has lec- 
tured and sponsored many group dis- 
cussions on women — in academe and 
in literature. For one such gathering, 
held to inform graduate women, she 
chose the provocative title, "Everything 
You Never Wanted to Know About 
Being a Female Professor." In 1970, she 
chaired the AAUP's ad hoc Committee 
on the Status of Women Faculty and 
Women Graduate Students at Brown. 

Personal life: Only three centuries 
and the Pyrenees come between Laura 
and her husband, Frank, chairman of 
Hispanic and Italian studies at Brown 
and a specialist in nineteenth-centurv 
Peninsular and Latin American litera- 
ture. Having two professors in the fam- 
ily causes few problems — it's good to 
have similar, but not identical careers, 
she insists — but it can prove entertain- 
ing, as if does when they frequently 
cancel out each other's vote at faculty 
meetings. "We decided long ago that 
we should not let what the other person 
was influence our individual actions or 
decisions," she says. "We want to be 
seen as separate faculty members, not 
as a unit." With their two sons, the 
Durands find periodic respite from the 
academic rigors at a much-loved coun- 
try home. 

Her thoughts: "A lot of women 
seem to go to graduate school because 
they're good at studying. They've been 
good students all their lives, and they 
really don't know what else to do when 
they get their B. A. Graduate school is 
the easiest thing; it's a kind of tunnel 
that is very comfortable and safe, but 
it's not a realistic way to decide if teach- 
ing is the profession you want. With the 
economic situation what it is, only those 
people who really know what they're 



doing and are likely to be successful at it 
ought to bother." 

D "At the time we did the AAUP 
study [on the status of women faculty at 
Brown], we were asking for things like 
maternity benefits, and day-care, and 
no sanctions against husbands and 
wives who were both on the faculty — 
things that seem now to be minimal 
conditions from which you start to get 
someplace. But at the time, people were 
talking about this very seriously and 
thought we were being pushy. If you 
consider that in December 1970, these 
things were hotly debated, and in De- 
cember 1975 they existed as a base- 
line, I think that's progress." 

n "For twenty-one years, I've 
been married, and I expect to continue. 
I think it's interesting to read about al- 
ternative lifestyles, but they don't make 
much difference to me personally any- 
more; of course, I'll watch what my sons 
do with considerable interest, but that's 
their business." 

n "I guess I feel the way a lot of 
women do — that the thrust of the 
women's movement is a good and 
healthy one and benefits a lot of people. 
I see it as a spectrum, or circle, and in 
the center of the spectrum is a body of 
premises and goals which, it seems to 
me, any intelligent woman must 
acknowledge as worthwhile and true." 

n "Women are brought up a cer- 
tain way, and if they want to reshape 
themselves they have to work very hard 
at it. My generation grew up competing 
with Rita Hayworth and Hedy Lamarr, 
for God's sake. That's a terrible way to 
be brought up. I only recently have 
been able to look at Rita Havworth's old 
movies and say, 'My God, I like her. 
She's not a rival.' " 

D "If a person can have charisma. 
Brown has got something similar — a 
sequin, a spangle, a something here or 
there — some kind of quality that makes 
people fall in love with it. I guess that's 
a part of functioning within the school, 
whether you're male or female. Brown 
seems to inspire some kind of affection 
and commitment that other schools 
don't — and this against heavy odds the 
last two vears." 



Administration: 
Growth at 
mid-level, but 
no female voice 
at the top 



Photographs by John Foraste 



When Dean Jacquelyn A. Mattfeld 
resigned this year, many women 
on campus felt that they had lost an im- 
portant symbol. As the highest-ranking 
woman at Brown, she had been called 
by the president the University's "con- 
science" with regard to women. Indeed, 
her position as dean of academic affairs 
was created partially as an administra- 
tive response to the Pembroke merger. 
And when a further administrative re- 
structuring made her role as dean of the 
faculty more powerful, she became an 
even more significant figure to some 
women. Others, including the Brozc;; 
Daily Herald's editorial board, have 
charged her with failure to live up to her 
pledge to look after the rights of women 
and minorities. But without her, the top 
level of administration at Brown will be 
without a female voice. 

There are other women in high po- 
sitions on the Brown campus, however, 
and within recent years the middle level 
of administration has experienced a 
rapid influx of young professional wom - 
en. After Dean Mattfeld's departure 
in July, Dean Elizabeth Leduc will be 
the highest-ranking woman at Brown. 
She is dean of the University's division 
of biological and medical sciences, 
thereby making her the chief academic 
officer for the on-campus portion of 
the medical program. As such, she 
is perhaps the only woman to hold a 
deanship directly connected to an 
American medical school (there are no 
women medical deans). 

In addition, University women 
hold four of the thirteen academic dean- 
ships, an assistant student affairs dean- 
ship, and directorships of career devel- 
opment, personnel, and the news 
bureau. And one of the associate athlet- 
ic directors is a woman. 

Women abound in the service area 
at Brown, where there are some note- 
worthy recent additions: two new 



women chaplains, one the co-director of 
the Hillel Foundation and the other 
supported bv the Catholic Diocese of 
Providence; and a female physician at 
Andrews House, Dr. Carolyn Goldstein. 
In addition to Dr. Goldstein, whose ap- 
pointment answered a long-time plea 
by women on campus, the health serv- 
ices employs a nurse practitioner, Pat 
Hanson, who helps women with a 
number of gynecological problems. 

In the staff areas of secretarial and 
clerical work, whose ranks are almost 
exclusively female, the University has 
been encountering difficulties of late. A 
unionization drive, begun last year, has 
forced the administration to take a 
look at its employment practices. And 
although it insists that they are not 
related to unionization, a number of 
improvements, including a strict job 
classification system, pay equalization, 
and a staff newsletter, have been recent 
additions to the personnel picture at 
Brown. The Service Employees' Inter- 
national Union, Local 134, withdrew its 
petition to conduct union authorization 
elections for the secretarial workers in 
November, but the union is expected to 
try again in the near future to show the 
National Labor Relations Board a 30- 
percent interest among Brown's 400 or 
more secretarial-clerical workers. 




Audrey Smith 

Position: Director of personnel. 

Background: In 1967, Audrey 
ended a three-month sHnt as secretary 
to tne University's personnel director by 



telling her boss she just plain hated the 
job. About six years later, she found 
herself in the boss's job. And that, she 
says, is entering through the back door. 

Job experience: She was recalled in 
1970 bv her former boss at Brown to 
head a new program training minority 
women in secretarial skills. After "pick- 
ing up bits and pieces of personnel 
work" for the next three years, she was 
in a position to apply for the director's 
job when a turnover in the employment 
offices occurred. Now she handles re- 
cruitment and hiring for all non-ap- 
pointed posihons, develops salary 
ranges for this area, and processes 
employee benefits for all Brown em- 
ployees. 

Personal life: A self-described 
"private person," she is married to a 
"very supportive" management con- 
sultant and has two children of her 
own, plus the responsibility for a niece 
and nephew of school age. She takes 
one college course each semester in 
areas such as management and labor re- 
lations, and finds lately that her lunch 
hour is the only period each day when 
she can really "take time for me." 

Her thoughts: "I often look back to 
the time I spent those three months as a 
secretary, and I have to say that the job 
situation has changed for women and 
for minorities. I think today you see 
more women moving up into adminis- 
trative jobs. Most of them are coming 
up through the ranks, but you do see 
more women in administration." 

n "It's not easy for women in ad- 
ministration; they often have to prove 
that they are capable, whereas men are 
somehow accepted whether or not they 
have any experience." 

D "There was a time when wages 
at Brown were rather low, but now we 
have tried to relate them to the job mar- 
ket. Also, our classification system 
means that one department cannot pay 
its secretaries more than another, just 
because it happens to have more 
money. The personnel department con- 
trols salaries now, so they are more or 
less equal throughout the University." 

D "We get a lot of over-qualified 
women, I guess primarily because they 
are tied to the University through their 
husbands . . . These women become 
terribly frustrated, and that's one of our 
biggest problems." 

n "Women's liberation came in 
with a big boom and was blown a little 
out of proportion, I think. However, it 
was needed to call attention to many 



changes that had to take place. I enjoy 
being a woman, but I also enjoy being 
treated simply as a human being." 




Beverley Edwards 

Position: Assistant chaplain. 

Background: When she inter- 
viewed in 1969 for the job as assistant 
chaplain at Brown, Bev was asked by 
students what she thought about wom- 
en's liberation. She had little to say; 
she'd never heard of it. But, rather than 
be put off by the non-answer, her stu- 
dent interviewers began her education 
then and there with a cache of informa- 
tion on feminism. "I read it from cover 
to cover that night," she recalls, "and I 
found myself thinking, 'Wow, some- 
body says the same things I think,' and I 
never felt anybody thought that way." 
Since that time, she has raised her con- 
sciousness considerably, for though her 
ministry includes the whole University 
community, she has become more and 
more involved over the last seven years 
with the women on campus. In the 
early days, she saw her chaplain's role 
as being a "sympathetic mother figure," 
but that attitude quickly changed and 
she began devoting more of her Hme to 
"community-building kinds of things" 
(she helped the students found a highly 
successful food cooperative called Big 
Mother), and aligned herself with vari- 
ous women's groups trying "to blow on 
the flame of women's education after 
the Pembroke merger" through wom- 
en's forums and the like. Since Sep- 
tember, Bev has had a more central 
women's role, as co-coordinator of the 
new Sarah Doyle Women's Center, 
where she devotes one-half of her chap- 
laincy to "crossing some of the chasms" 



that keep campus women from feeling a 
sense of community. She is known as a 
counselor and friend to students, who 
can call her at any hour about problems. 
In fact, she leaves her phone number on 
the center's door. 

Additional work: One-third of her 
time is spent working toward a master 
of divinity degree at the Andover- 
Newton Theological Seminary, where 
she expects to graduate in June. Last 
year, she spent a year there full-time, 
through an Underwood Fellowship 
from the Danforth Foundation. The 
summer of that year was spent in an 
intensive counseling training session at 
a Boston hospital. 

Personal life: Originally slated to 
graduate with Pembroke's class of 1954, 
she married her long-time boy friend in 
her freshman year and suspended her 
studies until his law degree and Navy 
service were out of the way and the fam- 
ily was started. She went back to Brown 
in 1963 as a part-time student and 
graduated with a degree in anthropol- 
ogy in 1969. 

Her thoughts: "1 think the center 
has been an important catalyst for the 
rest of the University. We've done a lot, 
and our visibility is fairly high. It rein- 
forces a lot of people who may not actu- 
ally come here, to know that there are 
groups of women on campus doing 
many and varied things. Even the 
women who don't spend a lot of time 
here know they could." 

n "Today's students are simply 
not asking the same kinds of questions 
we did ... In some ways, I think the 
whole feminism thing may have put 
them into a different kind of box — they 
get embarrassed if they become en- 
gaged in their senior year. 1 think that's 
as ridiculous as anything else . . . But 
the basic question for students here, 
and I'm sure elsewhere, is a sort of 
struggle between the principles of 
feminism and how you act out your 
own life." 

n "Through the women's move- 
ment, I began to realize that there were 
a lot of systemic reasons for the way I 
felt about not finishing my education, 
being confined by small children, and 
so forth, and that other people had felt 
this way; it wasn't neurotic or abnor- 
mal. I began to re-evaluate the whole 
self-sacrificing business — theologically 
as well as personally — and I learned 
that 'Do unto others' did not mean 
'whatever other people want you to do 
unto them.' You really have to be equal 



to other people before you can be in a 
loving relationship." 

D "I do quite a lot of speaking at 
church groups and such, and I hear an 
awful lot of 'I'm not a women's libber, 
but . . .' The person speaking usually 
will proceed to tell me exactly what I 
think. The movement's affected every- 
body. 1 don't know too many wildly 
radical people, but I know an awful lot 
of people whose lives have been radi- 
cally changed." 

n "1 look at Brown, and 1 don't see 
— percentage-wise or any other-wise — 
that women have gained anything. 
They may have made a lot of people 
nervous, but they haven't gained any- 
thing." 




Kay Hall 



Position: Assistant dean of the Col- 
lege. 

Background: A Kansan by birth, 
Kay went to Northwestern on scholar- 
ships, but then, for financial reasons, 
transferred back to the University of 
Kansas, where she worked as a resi- 
dence hall counselor and director before 
graduating in 1967. She received her 
Ph.D. in educational sociology from 
Stanford and then taught at a Colorado 
community college before coming to 
Brown in 1972 to do educational re- 
search as Dean Mattfeld's assistant. She 
became a dean last year, and her main 
responsibility is academic advising for 
sophomores, a group that is likely to 
exhibit the most serious academic 
difficulties at Brown. "We're fairly le- 



nient with freshman-year requirements 
at Brown, so if people are going to get 
dismissed, it usually comes in their 
sophomore years," she says. 

Additional activities: She has a 
keen interest in women's issues. Hav- 
ing taught an undergraduate course at 
Stanford on sex roles (her dissertation 
topic, on sex differences in interaction 
among prospective teachers, reflects 
this interest) and served on the Colo- 
rado Commission on the Status of Wom- 
en, she was naturally inclined to work 
with the group of women at Brown 
studying campus issues and champion- 
ing the establishment of a women's cen- 
ter. She now takes responsibility for the 
Sarah Doyle Center's academic pro- 
gramming, and has put together this 
year an extraordinarily successful list of 
speakers for Friday forums and special 
lectures. 

Personal life: To Kay, her husband 
David was "the first man I met who 
really didn't want to remake me into a 
more feminine person, so I had to marry 
him right away." Apparently, he has 
turned out to be every bit as sensitive to 
her needs and rights as she had hoped. 
After following him through his change 
of locations in an Air Force tour of duty, 
Kay claimed the right to determine the 
next family move, which was to accept 
her job at Brown. Since moving to Prov- 
idence, David has completed his Ph.D. 
dissertation and found employment as 
an assistant professor here. 

Her thoughts: "I don't think this is 
a campus that is particularly supportive 
of its women students. I'm not saying 
that there are a bunch of people out 
there consciously discriminating against 
women, because 1 really don't think 
that's the case. But I've heard so many 
women students begin to wonder as 
seniors why they weren't encouraged 
more ..." 

n "One of the big problems a lot of 
women have academically is being 
afraid to speak out — being so afraid of 
not performing well that, even when 
they do make a contribution, they won- 
der about it afterward — 'Did I talk too 
much?' " 

n "On the whole, I'd have to say 
that most of the undergraduate women 
students I deal with don't have the 
same kinds of conflicts about achieve- 
ment that I had as an undergraduate. 
Some of that, I think, will come when 
they get out into the work world." 

D "I've really had no organized 
contact with the women's movement 



8 



since I was in graduate school, and 
as I've gotten more and more pro- 
fessionally involved, I really don't have 
time for it. But it seems to me that there 
is a backlash now. The movement, in 
some ways, has been so successful that 
it's losing its force as a movement." 

n "One of the things I regret is the 
emphasis we have put on paid em- 
ployment. I don't think women are put- 
ting the emphasis there, I think Ameri- 
can society is. What the emphasis has 
done is make it difficult for women who 
really don't want to go out and work to 
say they'd rather stay at home, or do 
volunteer work, or whatever. To feel 
that you have to have a paid job to have 
any self-respect is really wrong." 

D "When I think of problems fac- 
ing women professionals at Brown, the 
first word that pops into mv mind is 
'isolation.' There are so few of us, and 
we all have demanding jobs, made 
more so by the financial crunch. If you 
want to have a sense of community 
about this place, you have to go out and 
start building it. But there are only so 
many lunch hours in a week." 




Undergraduates: 
Their numbers 
have increased, 
and their plans 
have changed 



How much impact has the women's 
movement had on the voung? If a 
poll of this year's college freshmen, 
conducted by UCLA and the American 
Council on Education, is any indication, 
it has been considerable. After studying 
the comparison between this year's re- 
sults and those of the last five years, the 
pollsters concluded that "a profound 
social change" is taking place in stu- 
dents' attitudes on the equality of the 
sexes. Some indicators: nine students in 
ten, or 92.2 percent, thought there 
should be absolutely no discrepancy in 
pay or job opportunity between the 
sexes (a figure up from 81 percent five 
years ago); only 28 percent of the 
freshmen thought that women should 
confine themselves to the home if mar- 
ried (48 percent felt they should five 
years ago); and record numbers of 
women students had their sights on 
graduate school, with a preference for 
the professions and little thought of en- 
tering the traditionally feminine career 
areas. 

Brown students may be equally 
egalitarian — after all, there is now a 
full-fledged Men's Consdousness-Rais- 
ing Group on campus to examine "why 
we feel threatened by women's libera- 
tion" — but they are also struggling 
with a reservoir of sex-role stereotypes. 
So reports Assistant Professor of 
Sociology Nancy Williamson, who 
checked liberated attitudes in her course 
on changing sex roles by having stu- 
dents write autobiographies that took 
them from high school to age eighty. 
After studying eighty of the fictional 
histories, she published an article con- 
taining the following insights: whereas 
today's female student tends to see her- 
self as a "super person," able to com- 
bine an ambitious career, marriage, and 
child rearing, the male student still 
looks forward to a traditional home life, 
with his own job being of prime impor- 



tance and his wife's job only for per- 
sonal satisfaction. He also wants to 
marry sooner and have more children 
than his female Brown counterpart. 

About two out of every five under- 
graduates at Brown are women. After 
the 1971 merger, the proportion of 
women in the student body rose, 
reflecting, say the authors of a new 
campus women's fact book, the fact that 
"it was considerably more difficult for a 
woman to gain admission to Pembroke 
than it was for a man to be admitted to 
Brown" (a smaller percentage of women 
applicants were admitted prior to 
merger). In 1973, the percentage of 
women peaked, with 43 percent in that 
year's freshman class; the freshman 
figure began to decline thereafter, but 
the class of 1980 will again be 43 percent 
women. Admissions are "sex blind" at 
Brown, according to Admission Direc- 
tor James Rogers; women and men are 
usually accepted in proportions equal to 
their percentage of the applicant pool. 
Happily for feminists eager to see a 
50-50 ratio, this year's applicant pool 
showed an inexplicable jump in the 
number of women — about 5 percent. 

While equal admission for women 
was something of a crusade among 
campus feminists of the early seventies, 
there seems to be more concern now 
with the kind of woman chosen. During 
recent disputes over the financial-aid 
budget, students took note of the great- 
er proportion of financial aid going to 
entering men. Why, they asked? While 
administrators admit that they have no 
concrete explanation for the phenome- 
non, statistics demonstrate that women 
at Brown come from wealthier families 
than do Brown men. A partial answer, 
the administrators suggest, may lie in 
sociology: poorer families are still more 
likely to put the education of sons be- 
fore that of daughters. Students, how- 
ever, argue that women of different 
backgrounds are not recruited. 

Many women's causes may have 
taken a back seat this year to questions 
of Brown's survival, but one new con- 
cern — safety — has led to a successful 
collaboration between students and the 
administration. Alarmed at what 
seemed to be greater numbers of "inci- 
dents" concerning women on campus, 
women's groups convinced the Univer- 
sity of the need for night transportation. 
In March, the security department 
began operating a night shuttle bus to 
relieve the apprehensions. 

Meanwhile, women students have 



continued to plav a more active role in 
campus politics. Thev were leaders in 
last year's budget reviews; they have 
led the student movement toward re- 
form of the New Curriculum; and next 
year one of their number, Ann Cohen 
m , will be the chairman of Brown's 
influential Advisory Committee on 
University Planning (ACUP). 




Sharon Kraus 

Position: Senior psychology major. 

Background: Oldest of five children 
in a Huntington Station, Long Island, 
family, Sharon has made a name for 
herself at Brown in academics (she was 
elected to Phi Beta Kappa in March) and 
in feminist circles (she was chairwoman 
last year for Women of Brown United, 
the chief student women's group). She 
entered Brown in its first coed freshman 
class and made a memorable impression 
on one admission officer. "I was the 
first woman he had interviewed," she 
recalls. "He asked me a question about 
the women's movement, and from 
there the whole interview became a dis- 
cussion of women's rights, abortion, 
and so forth. My views were somewhat 
more liberal than his, so I left thinking 
I'd probably never hear from Brown 
again." But she did, and one of her ear- 
liest classroom experiences bolstered 
her budding feminism. She and a friend 
began to compare notes on what they 
considered to be a blatantly sexist biol- 
ogy book (illustrations of the female 
breast were excessive, the "ideal wom- 
an" was described as one with blue 
eyes and blond hair, and abortion was 



10 



denounced as moralh' wrong, to name a 
few "blunders"). Their professor agreed 
to give them one lecture period to pre- 
sent their case against the book. The re- 
view was a smashing success, and, per- 
suaded, the bioleigist dropped the of- 
fensive text and chose another. "That 
was during mv crusading period," Sha- 
ron savs now. 

Future plans: She plans to begin 
graduate school next fall, working 
toward a Ph.D. in clinical psychology. 
Because the degree is "versatile," sheTl 
decide later whether she wants to teach, 
do research, hang out a shingle, or 
begin some type of community-related 
work. "Basically, 1 want to try to make 
people's lives better in whatever way I 
can," she says, "and I don't mean just 
in the individual sense, helping indi- 
viduals. I'd like to help promote social 
change that will help everybody's lives 
be a little better." 

Her thoughts: "There aren't that 
many women actively involved with 
women's issues on campus. The in- 
volved constitute a vocal minority that 
is growing. My own theory on why 
there isn't more involvement centers 
around what feminists have always 
called the 'Queen Bee' syndrome: we 
have always succeeded; therefore, we 
can't imagine why every other woman 
in the world can't succeed. That's a very 
individualistic way of looking at things. 
Usually, it's not until some event in 
your life causes a personal click, a cue 
that refers you back to something 
feminists have been saying, that \'ou 
become involved." 

n "One of my first crises as a 
woman was an experience that probably 
most Brown women have had — being 
the smartest person in the elementary 
school class and wondering why the 
boys don't like you. I remember coming 
home and crying to my mother, who 
didn't exactly tell me to hide how smart 
I was but said that 1 should keep it cool. 
Even then, 1 think I resented role pres- 
sures. In high school, I tried to keep a 
low profile for awhile, but when the 
media began covering the women's 
movement, I realized that I was just 
hurting myself." 

n "I don't think the women's 
movement is dying, I think it's becom- 
ing more diffuse because women are 
dealing more with specifics. There is no 
batch of ideology now, as there was at 
first. There are more women involved in 
different ways. But 1 don't think the 
women's movement has stopped 



influencing popular culture." 

n "This ma\- not be a universal re- 
sponse, but 1 think that role models are 
very important in learning. I asked a 
woman to be my advisor in psychology, 
and she has meant a lot to me. Women 
need help in dealing with all kinds of 
social problems that role dictates: If we 
have a family, how do we relate that to 
work? If we are the only women in a 
male departmejit, how do we deal with 
that? Role models help," 




Jan DeFrantz 

Position: Senior urban studies 
major. 

Background: The daughter of a 
high school principal and a mathematics 
teacher in Indianapolis, Jan has adopted 
Washington, D.C., as her home since 
coming to Brown. In the summers, she 
has lived there with her older sister and 
her brother-in-law, who is an urban af- 
fairs expert with the Potomac Institute 
(a Mellon-supported research agency 
studying discrimination). Jan applied 
and was accepted at five colleges — 
Brown, Yale, Smith, the University of 
Chicago, and Ball State. She chose 
Brown because it was the school she 
knew the least about. "1 figured that col- 
lege should be whatever you find where 
you are," she says. "I wanted to know 
nothing in advance." Had she known a 
few of the complications that would be 
forthcoming, she might have had sec- 
ond thoughts. After an excellent 
freshman year, with "all-out" effort and 
straight A's, she fell heavily into 



sophomore slump and complicated that 
with a part-time job as a dental assist- 
ant. By mid-semester of her junior year, 
she had an ulcer. But all-in-all, she's 
philosophical about the competitiveness 
she says she has found here: "What 
place would have been better than 
Brown?" 

Personal data: A music-lover who 
plays clarinet and favors Bach, Jan has 
held offices in the Organization of 
United African Peoples and has served 
on the now-defunct Freshman Year 
Comrfiittee. Her most consuming ex- 
tracurricular interest, however, has 
been her work as a minority peer coun- 
selor. She has been with the program 
three years. As a minority peer coun- 
selor, she lives in a freshman dormitory 
and helps black freshmen make the 
transition to a predominantly white in- 
stitution with as few problems as possi- 
ble. 

Future plans: Washington will be a 
permanent home after she graduates in 
June. She hopes to find work there that 
will enable her to develop skills in the 
policy analysis aspects of urban studies. 
"I'm interested in what is behind the 
way government is structured," she 
explains. "Most people think of urban 
studies as buildings, businesses, and 
transportation. I think of it in terms of 
how we understand the society around 
us, which is more and more an urban 
one. Specifically, I want to study how 
the system affects black people, and 
how we can work within the system for 
improvements." Washington, with a 
73-percent black population and the 
federal bureaucracy, is an ideal location 
for her work, she thinks. She has al- 
ready worked there on several black- 
related projects during the summers. 
After she tries her hand in the work 
world, more schooling is in store, 
perhaps law school. Marriage is sched- 
uled somewhere well beyond that, for 
the time being. "Who needs it right 
after school?" she asks. 

Her thoughts: "Very few of the 
white students here seem to have had 
experience with blacks. Mv freshman 
year was just amazing. I had a friend 
whose roommate thought of her as a 
social 'experience.' The climate has 
changed since then, though. Now more 
blacks are coming in who went to pre- 
dominantly white schools. They have 
had white friends in high school, and 
they remain that way." 

n "I find the women at Brown to 
be extremely competitive. There's much 



11 



less condescension from the men here 
than from the women . . . The times 
when another woman turns around in 
the classroom and jokes with me about 
something are just fabulous, 1 think. But 
they are so rare." 

D "Like the civil rights movement 
enabled black people to build a positive 
self-image, by replacing what were con- 
sidered negatives with posiHves about 
themselves, so the women's movement 
has improved women's pictures of 
themselves." 

n "1 don't think women's rights 
and minority rights can be measured on 
the same scale. They don't conflict with 
one another. The issue is the right of 
each individual to define himself on his 
own terms." 




Priscilla Sanford 

Position: Junior history major. 

Background: Birthplace, rather 
than sex, has often made Priscilla feel 
like a second-class citizen at Brown. She 
explains: "Almost from the dav one, 
I've had people 1 don't know come up to 
me and cordially say, 'Hi, Priscilla.' 
When I ask them how they happen to 
know me, they say, 'Oh, you're the 
Southern Belle from Tennessee.' " She 
resents the title. She doesn't consider 
herself the belle type, but she does 
admit to a few cultural affectations that 
might make the seasoned feminist 
cringe; "Maybe it's the way I was 
brought up," she sajs, "but 1 just feel 
better in a skirt." The biggest battles she 
has fought since leaving Memphis for 



"that little, tiny school in Rhode Island" 
have been to bolster her own attitudes 
about self-worth. Described bv one 
dean as "a student who has done an 
awful lot of growing" in college, Pris- 
cOIa turned a very unhappy college ex- 
perience around, proving to herself that 
she was academically competent, so- 
cially adept, and — most important — 
able to go it alone, without a male for 
security. Once considering dropping 
out to marry the boy back home, she is 
now looking forward to graduate school 
in "another part of the country" — 
maybe the West. 

Additional work: Working fifteen 
hours a week at the Sharpe Refectory — 
she cashiers in the Ivy Room during the 
week and cooks breakfast in the Ratty 
on weekends — has taken its toll on ex- 
tracurricular activities ("1 had a list of 
activities 'this long' in the high school 
annual; here — nothing") as well as on 
personal vanity ("I'm always on a diet 
now. Last night 1 must have had five 
scoops of ice cream — two weeks down 
the drain"). 

Future plans: She has always as- 
sumed that she would go to law school 
after graduation, but now she's also 
considering business school, "even 
though I don't know the first thing 
about it." She has another year to delib- 
erate. "I just want to find some line of 
work in which I can feel that I'm con- 
tributing something meaningful to 
people and their development," she 
says. 

Her thoughts: "When I was a 
freshman, I met a guy and, within the 
first two weeks, started dating him ex- 
clusively. By Christmas, 1 realized I 
wasn't very happy — the only people 1 
knew were he and the girl next door. So 
I came back from the holidays and said, 
'This has got to quit.' It was scary at 
first, because I knew nobody. But then I 
started going to the library and studying 
all the time. It's a very sociable place; I 
met more people." 

n "I've had a boyfriend since I was 
fifteen years old — one boyfriend or 
another — and this year I haven't had 
one all year long. And it hasn't bothered 
me one bit. It was an amazing discovery 
to find out I was self-sufficient and in- 
dependent, and I liked it." 

n "There are so many social pres- 
sures that intrude on your own set of 
values. For instance, my family has al- 
ways stressed going to college and 



doing well. But there are also so many 
social pressures to date and have a boy- 
friend. It's as if you're being told on the 
one hand to go to college, have a career, 
be a success, but, on the other hand, 
just to make it legitimate, also have a 
nice, intelligent boyfriend who's 
reasonably attractive and will go some- 
place in the world. The assumption is 
that, after you're out of college a year or 
two, you'll get married. Well, I'm not so 
sure I'm going to do that anymore." 

n "I like to do things; I love a par- 
ty. Intellectual discussions get rather 
old. But I could never walk into a party 
by myself. At home, you either have a 
date or you stay home, but there are lots 
of girls here who walk into a party 
without a date." 

D "I find myself becoming very 
discouraged with my 'college experi- 
ence.' When I was in high school, I had 
preconceived notions about what an 
educated person was: someone who 
knew a lot about Shakespeare, who un- 
derstood classical music, who studied 
religion, and who thought about 
philosophy. I've been here three years, 
and because of work, requirements for 
my major, and half a year off, I haven't 
taken any Shakespeare, music, phi- 
losophy, or religion — all the things I'd 
like to know." 



12 



The new 
professionals: 
More movement 
toward the male- 
dominated fields 



ing 40 percent female. Two-thirds of the 
Brown medical program's women stu- 
dents received their baccalaureate de- 
grees from Brown. 



Almost a fifth of the women enter- 
L ing American colleges this year 
said thev planned to go on to graduate 
school after receiving their bacca- 
laureate degree. The figure is up almost 
eight percentage points from 1971. But 
an even more striking phenomenon was 
recorded in this year's national statis- 
tics: one entering freshman woman in 
six said she is planning a career in one 
of the male-dominated fields of medi- 
cine, law, business, and engineering. 

This strong orientation toward the 
professional world is apparent at 
Brown, where women help make up the 
more than 60 percent of the under- 
graduate student body who go on to 
graduate school. In the University's 
own graduate school, about one-third 
of the 1,350 students are women, and 
although most of them are clustered in 
the humanities, the sciences at Brown 
are more than anxious to welcome 
women into their programs. Engineer- 
ing Chairman Rodney Clifton acknowl- 
edges that his department, for one, ac- 
tively seeks to recruit more women and 
minorities into the field. 

But the most progressive trend vis- 
a-vis graduate women at Brown has to 
be found in the new medical program, 
where the percentage enrollment of 
women comes close to doubling the na- 
tional average. There are currently 7,646 
women enrolled in the 114 accredited 
U.S. medical schools, representing 15 
percent of the total medical student 
population (up from 9.6 percent in 
1971). But at Brown, which ranked third 
in the nation in percentage of women 
last year, the overall figure is 25 percent, 
and the percentage of women in indi- 
vidual classes has been rising almost 
every year. In fact. Brown's national 
ranking has probably edged up a bit 
since the class of 1980 was chosen. With 
twenty-four women, that class is a strik- 




Roslyn Chosak 

Position: Third-year medical stu- 
dent. 

Background: There has hardly 
been a time in Ros Chosak's life when 
she hasn't wanted to be a doctor. She 
can remember, as a junior high school 
student, being taken to a hospital's 
open house to look at the nursing 
school. "I thought to myself, 'Being a 
nurse would probably be fun, but being 
a doctor would be much better,' " she 
recalls, smiling. Next year, her dream 
will come true, and no one is more sur- 
prised about the happy event than Ros 
herself. A good student at Brooklyn Col- 
lege, she had married at twenty and, 
thinking medicine "too rigorous a pro- 
fession to do well and be a mommy," 
had allowed herself to be diverted into a 
doctoral program in physiology by the 
offer of a teaching fellowship. Three 
years and one and one-half children la- 
ter, she decided physiology wasn't for 
her (she had a master's degree by that 
time). The decision to drop the money 
provided by the doctoral fellovyship vyas 
a difficult one, but it was solved when 
her husband got a job in Rhode Is- 
land. They moved to Providence and 
promptly had their third baby. At the 
age of twenty-nine, Ros finally decided 
it was time to satisfy her ambition. De- 



I 



spite the well-meant pessimism of 
friends and acquaintances and her own 
sense of insecurity as a homemaker- 
scholar, she "put on my best skirt, 
combed my hair, and went to talk to the 
dean." The rest of her story has been 
"absolutely terrific," she says, even 
though there have been a few adjust- 
ments along the way. 

Personal life: When she told her 
husband, Mike, novy a senior research 
engineer at Brovyn, that she wanted to 
go to medical school, he calmly agreed. 
"But do you know what this will 
mean?" she pleaded. "We won't have 
as much time together, \'ou'll have to 
help out more at home, our resources 
will be limited." He said it didn't mat- 
ter. After three years, she concedes that 
neither she nor her husband fully com- 
prehended what medical school would 
mean. "But it's worked out," she says 
jubilantly. "It was hard getting used to, 
but once we did, it was manageable." 
Her secret is scheduling — not rigid, but 
enough to know where activities fit dur- 
ing the week. The eight o'clock hour 
each night is considered mother's study 
time, and she is likely to have a pot of 
spaghetti boiling on the stove while she 
reads. Most of the meals are cooked in 
advance and re-heated, in case she is on 
call or late from her rigorous round of 
hospital duties (she is now into her clin- 
ical clerkships). The main sacrifice the 
Chosaks have had to make, she says, is 
limiting their outside activities. But they 
still enjoy taking the kids (daughters 
Ann, 10, and Eve, 6, and son Seth, 8) on 
weekend outings and gardening in a 
"little plot of dirt" behind their Bar- 
rington, R.I., home. Mike is president 
of the local PTA and Ros still does can- 
ning in the summer. But she's had to 
give up her penchant for making the 
family's clothes ("I have a purple sweat- 
er from several years back that I still 
can't find time to knit a sleeve for," she 
complains). The children, however, 
don't appear to mind the changes in 
routine. In fact, they seem to be pretty 
proud of their mom. As little Evie wrote 
at school in an elaborate booklet about 
her mother, "My mother is a jeaneyes 
(sic) on being a doctor." 

Future plans: Although she started 
out wanting to be a family physician, 
Ros is not certain at this stage what field 
she will specialize in. She finds she is 
changing her mind with practically 
every clerkship. Obstetrics captured her 
imagination, but she fears it may be too 
demanding at a time when her children 



13 



need her most. She is certain about two 
things, however: she will definitely 
practice, and she will not be a pediatri- 
cian. 

Her thoughts: "When I applied to 
medical school, everybody said, 'Don't 
be ridiculous; there are so many other 
things you could do with your life. You 
could be a dietician, or you could go to 
nursing school. Why do you want to 
mess up your whole life?' It was just the 
kind of stuff people have fed women for 
all these years. People suggested that if 
I went to medical school m\' marriage 
would dissolve, and my children would 
all run away from home. What was 
wrong with me — why wasn't I con- 
tent? they asked." 

D "You learn after a while that vou 
can't be accepted by everybody; you 
can't be loved by everybody. You learn 
that you're going to have to sometimes 
be true to yourself, and that's the kind 
of thing that I'm getting more and more 
of. If I am happy with what I'm doing, 
and I am not hurting the people closest 
to me, then that has got to be enough." 

n "Doctors, for the most part, 
have been very supportive. Occasion- 
ally \'ou meet a doctor who is not so 
happy you're there, for a variety of 
reasons. Some doctors apparently feel 
that Brown makes a mistake in taking 
people who are as old as 1; that's one 
hang-up. The other is that I'm a wom- 
an. There are still some practitioners 
who honestly feel that women don't 
carry their share in terms of years of 
service to the community and so forth, 
and you can't argue with them. I sup- 
pose there were women who completed 
medical school when some of these 
people did and subsequently gave up 
medicine for a home or family. But I 
don't think that's true in regard to 
younger women. They have been bitten 
bv this bug of 'I am a person, and I'm 
not going to be just somebody's wife.' 

D "I have a bad habit of encourag- 
ing women who want to finish degrees, 
or do something outside the home. But 
the one thing vou have to be sure of is 
that they are absolutely convinced this 
is what they want to do. If they are con- 
vinced, they can do it. You can do just 
about anything, but you have to 
examine your motives very carefully." 

n "For me, there was no alterna- 
tive. I said to myself, 'If I can't get into 
medical school, I don't know what I'll 
do.' That's how badly I wanted to do 
this thing." 




-*<£*-. 



Elaine Savage 

Position: First woman to earn a 
Ph.D. in engineering at Brown. 

Background: There is an amusing 
irony in Elaine's new job (she finished 
her doctoral-degree requirements in 
January) with the U.S. Transportation 
Department's Transportation Systems 
Center in Cambridge. When she was 
growing up in Worcester, Massa- 
chusetts, she remembers, Christmas 
was usually a time when her father 
would spend the da\' tinkering with the 
new train set he'd bought her. Now she 
is studying rail failure problems with 
the Federal Railroad Administration, 
trying to devise an inspection system 
that will combat the nation's biggest 
railroad problem: more than 800 derail- 
ments a year. Though her famih' never 
pressured her, she owes a lot to her 
father's subtle messages. An engineer 
himself, he took her to visit MIT when 
she was ten years old. About a decade 
later, she graduated from MIT with a 
degree in metallurgy. Going from an 
all-girls high school to MIT's twenty- 
six-to-one male-female ratio was less 
traumatic than the latter school's com- 
petitive atmosphere, she recalls. "It's 
everything people expect and more. 
You see these incredibly brilliant 
people, who are all really push\', and 
you just begin to take it all for granted 
after a while. But I had a difficult time 
adjusting," she adds. Elaine came to 
Brown as a graduate student on a 
three-year federal scholarship, after she 
had ruled out law school. Her current 
job, an administrative position that re- 
quires technical background, enables 
her to travel extensively. "I like travel. 



but occasionally I wake up saying, 'My 
God, where am I this morning!' 

Other interests: "I feel very di- 
verse," she says, and a brief check of 
her interests confirms the self-assess- 
ment. She's had a continuing academic 
interest in archaeology, which has re- 
sulted in work with a well-known 
American metallurgist on Japanese 
"tsuba," ornate sword guards made 
with precious metals in eighteenth- 
centurs' Japan. The confreres are writing 
a paper to be published in 1977. She has 
also read extensively in Chinese history 
and has plans for taking flying lessons 
this year, even though her research at 
Brown on titanium (a substance used in 
aircraft construction) has made her 
cautious about commercial jets ("I know 
too many of the problems," she laughs). 
She also plays the piano, dabbles in 
photography, and confesses to some 
"odd-ball" interests, such as astrology 
and the occult. 

Future plans: Through graduate 
school, she discovered that she was 
oriented more toward administration 
than research, so now she is planning to 
go back to school at some stage and pick 
up a master's degree in management. 
Her long-range plans call for her to be a 
successful consultant drawing perhaps 
$350 a day — a lifestyle that would en- 
able her to turn her attentions to other 
dreams. "I'd like to do some writing 
eventually, and I'm sure I could be quite 
happ\' opening a restaurant," she says. 

Her thoughts: "1 like to be alone. I 
realize you can't be unlicensed about it, 
but 1 do enjoy my privacy. My idea of 
the future is to separate from people, 
buy 200 acres in Nova Scotia, be a con- 
sultant, have my own airplane, and 
that's that." 

D "It's hard being a woman in a 
professional role, because sometimes 
you can be too friendly, especially if 
someone's in a subordinate position. 
You have to be very careful, and I don't 
have that quite under control yet." 

D "I haven't found being a woman 
a handicap. People are very greedy to 
hire you. In a federall\- funded position 
such as I am in, hiring a woman means 
they don't have to rationalize to af- 
firmative action ..." 

D "I was just about always in- 
terested in the sciences. I guess I was 
prett\' pragmatic and thought they were 
a good way to make a living. At one 
point in high school, I was pushed into ; 
majoring in foreign languages. Then I 
realized it wasn't too lucrative." 



14 



Tally Palmer: 

Ten years of struggle 

against sex 

discrimination 

in church and State 



A wickedness is but little to the wickedness of 
a woman." That sentiment is not an illustra- 
tion of the well-publicized backlash to wom- 
en's liberation. Nor is it the homespun proverb of an 
ancient Archie Bunker. It is, rather, a verse of scrip- 
ture taken from the Apocrypha, part of the sacred litera- 
ture of the Alexandrian Jews. If woman's enhanced 
potential for wickedness seems a startling religious rev- 
elation, then it should be remembered that literature 
— even the holy variety — is subject to interpretation. 
But interpreting the Bible can become a frustrating 
proposition for the feminist. In the first few pages of 
the Old Testament, she is told that her creation was an 
afterthought. And later on, in the book of Leviticus, 
the prophets do little to improve her self-esteem: the 
woman, thev advise, is "unclean" after childbirth — a 
condition that lasts twice as long if the birth happens 
to be that of a girl. There is also a damning strain of 

k 





The Rei'. Aliioii Palmer — photographed in a Washington chapel. 



15 



petulance in the writings of Solomon, who says in the 
seventh book of Ecclesiastes, "And I find more bitter 
than death the woman, whose heart is snares and 
nets, and her hands as bands." 

The New Testament is hardly more encouraging 
for the liberated woman, filled as it is with the mar- 
riage requirements of St. Paul, a man who believed 
that "the head of every woman is the man" (I Corin- 
thians 11:3). In his letter to the Ephesians, Paul wrote, 
"But as the church is subject to Christ, so let the wives 
also be to their husbands in everything." Again, in 
Colossians 3:18, he warned, "Wives, be in subjection 
to your husbands. . ." And in the book of Titus, 
verse two, he counseled that "aged women" must be 
"teachers of that which is good; that they may train the 
young women to love their husbands, to love their 
children, to be . . . workers at home . . . [and] in sub- 
jection to their own husbands." 

Against such a compelling backdrop of male- 
centered wisdom, it is small wonder that more than a 
few traces of an unenlightened view of women have 
lingered in the laws of the church, and in particular in 
the several denominations that prohibit women from 
ministering or governing. But the times are changing. 
And with the changes has come, for some women, a 
radical re-examination of the Word of God. 

One such woman is Alison "Tally" Palmer '53, 
who found her faith in some of the world's most 
dangerous trouble spots and who has tested it in a con- 
tinuing struggle for the right of women to carve their 
own destinies. 

"What we're ciealing with," she says of clerical 
prohibitions on women, "is tradition, not theology. If 
you read the Gospels looking for new insight, vou will 
find so many instances of Christ dealing with women 
in a way that I wish more men would deal with women 
todav. He talked with women on an intellectual basis, 
even though women at that time were considered 
property." 

She is joined in her thinking bv other women — 
and men — who feel that basic reforms are needed to 
correct the subtle male bias that runs through the 
Judeo-Christian religious heritage. Here are some of 
their thoughts: 

n Sister Elizabeth Carroll of the Religious Sisters 
of Mercy challenged the Roman Catholic Church's ban 
on women priests in March, when she told a confer- 
ence of 600 nuns in New York that neither the Gospels 
nor the central doctrines of the church exclude women 
from the ministry. The discrimination, she said, is due 
to a "strong strain of anti-feminism" that appeared 
among the followers of Christ some forty years after 
Jesus preached the equality of men and women. 

n The Rev. Priscilla A. Chaplin, the third woman 
ordained to the ministry of the United Presbyterian 
Church, has spoken out against the repression of the 
female attributes of God and Christ. "We need to get 
detached from traditional attitudes of God and sex," 



she said, "so that we can think about God's female- 
ness without the feeling of terror that it's somehow 
obscene." There are numerous Biblical references to 
the Deity that evoke what are considered to be 
"feminine" personality traits or female responses, she 
noted. God is a god of both power and compassion; 
Jesus wept. 

n Dr. Charles Willie, the Episcopal Church's 
top-ranking layperson, resigned in protest over the 
church's exclusion of women from the priesthood after 
the controversial ordination of eleven women in 1974. 
He called the ban "inhumane treatment" and con- 
cluded, "To carrv out the unjust laws of this church 
which do not affirm the right of females to be priests 
and bishops is to visit oppression upon women." 

The dilemma of woman's role in organized reli- 
gion became acute for Tally Palmer six years 
ago, when she spent an agonizing seven-month 
period "fighting with God" in a Washington, D.C., 
apartment. She had just returned from a tour of dutv 
with the foreign service in Vietnam, and this personal 
"battle" was over a vocarion she believed she had to 
the priesthood. 

"At first I thought, 'I must be crazv,' " she recalls. 
There were no women priests at the time. In fact, there 
were no women deacons — the lowest of the clerical 
orders of the Episcopal Church. Yet, with "absolute, 
total shock" she faced the reality of her calling. Even- 
tually, her resistance to the idea wore down, and she 
made an appointment with the Bishop of Washington 
to talk it over. "You have no idea how hard it is to sign 
your name to a letter that savs, 'Dear Bishop, I believe 
God calls me to be a priest,' " she savs now, laughing 
a resonant laugh that is the natural companion to her 
conversation. 

Despite her initial apprehension, the interview 
went smoothly. The bishop counseled her on the vari- 
ous application procedures. She was reviewed by a 
committee of priests and lavmen, passed a medical ex- 
amination, and was accepted as a postulant for Holy 
Orders in the fall of 1971. She began her training pro- 
gram the following year and, after passing examina- 
tions for the ministry in 1974, she became the first 
woman deacon of the Washington diocese. Finally, in 
September 1975, Tally Palmer joined the priesthood, 
becoming one of only fifteen women to be ordained in 
the Episcopal faith. Like the first ordination of eleven 
women in Philadelphia the vear before. Tally's ordina- 
tion was not sanctioned by the church hierarchy. At 
the service, held at Washington's St. Stephen's and 
the Incarnation Parish, there was a brief confrontation 
between the Rt. Rev. George W. Barrett, a retired 
Bishop of Rochester, and the Rev. James Wattley, a 
local priest who stood in the pulpit and pleaded with 
the bishop and the women to forego the ceremony. 
Bishop Barrett calmly refused. "It seems God is willing 



16 



to remove the offense of sexist discrimination," he 
said. 

To the Rev. Alison Palmer's way of thinking, 
however, God had removed the sin of sexism almost 
2,000 years ago. She presents a convincing case for 
women in the priesthood merely by citing the words 
and deeds of Jesus Christ. Says Tally Palmer: 

"It was to a woman — the Samaritan woman at 
the well — that Christ said, T am the Messiah.' That 
was the first time he had ever revealed himself. He 
chose to tell a woman. 

"It was also a woman who anointed Christ before 
his death — the woman with the jar of precious oint- 
ment who bathed his hands and feet. The anointing of 
the dying is now a function performed by priests. 

"And the most powerful signal of all," she con- 
cludes, "concerns the Resurrection. After Christ died, 
only the women were faithful enough to stay by 
the tomb. The first appearance of Christ after the 
Crucifixion was to these women, and he told them, 
'Go back to town and tell people I am here — that I 
have arisen from the dead.' Of course, the primary role 
of the priest is to teach the good news of Christ's resur- 
rection. It's called preaching the Gospel — the good 
news. It was to a woman that Christ gave that first 
commission." 

Tally Palmer received her own commission 
to preach God's good news in the most unex- 
pected of places — the battlefield of Vietnam. 
But that experience was only the last stage of a process 
of religious conversion that had followed her across 
three continents. It began in Leopoldville, the Congo, 
in 1960. 

The young vice-consul of the American Embassy 
had had very little religious training when she arrived 
in the Congo to test her abilities in her first overseas 
mission in the Foreign Service. She had attended a 
Christian Scientist Sunday School as a child, but her 
convictions were rather vague and diffuse. All of that 
was to change very quickly, however, as the bloody 
events surrounding Congolese independence un- 
folded. As consular officer, she was responsible for 
about 800 American missionaries and their families 
who were living in the country. And, although she 
does not talk about it now, she found that countless 
other Americans needed her help. 

Russell Warren Howe, a free-lance writer, told in 
the Washington Post how Ms. Palmer saved his life and 
the lives of fellow reporters Lee Griggs of Time and Art 
Higbee of UPI before their almost certain execution by 
a firing squad of mutinous Congolese soldiers: "What 
looked through the hedge like a junior high school 
co-ed was arguing in American-accented French with 
an officer. . . It was Vice-Consul Alison Palmer, then 
an FSO-8 on her first overseas assignment, who 
[rescued us] in person in the old nineteenth-century 
wa\ — everything short of having her nightwatchman 

continued on page 18 



"Mine is a theology of hope" 

One of the eleivii ii'omen ordained as Episcopal priests in Phila- 
delphia two \/cars ago relates the folloioing anecdote to show the 
emotional charge of the women's issue: So enraged was one young 
priest watching her give Holy Communion that he dug his 
fingernails into her arm, drew blood, and shouted, "I hope you burn 
in hell!" Alison Palmer '53, who was ordained with three other 
women in Washington this year, has not suffered the same igno- 
minious treatment. But she doesn't expiect the controi'ersy within 
the Episcopal Church over her priesthood to subside abruptly. Here 
are her comments, taken from a recent interview. 

There were some people who wanted me to be a priest, 
but who wanted me to wait until mv own bishop was ready 
to do that. I understand that position, I just don't agree with 
it. There are others who felt very angry that I and the other 
women went ahead with the ordination last September. 
They felt it was a very destructive thing to do to the church. 
But I would say that 98 percent of the reaction I am aware of 
has been positive and very supportive. The people have ac- 
cepted us as priests, and we have been doing Holy Commun- 
ion services regularly and receiving calls for pastoral duties. 

Our status within the church depends on what you 
mean by status. Some bishops and lay people say we aren't 
priests at all, that nothing happened in the ordination. 
Others, including my bishop, say we are valid priests, but 
because of political reasons we can't be accepted publicly as 
valid priests until September 1976, when our general assem- 
bly will vote on this issue. I think that's a rather nonsensical 
approach. . . We are all functioning as priests, and the 
bishop knows this because we have reported it to him in 
writing. The fact that he knows we are doing communion 
services and doesn't stop us is another way of saying that he 
sees us as priests. 

One of the main reasons each of us decided to go ahead 
and be ordained into the priesthood is to get out of this 
whole business of church politics. It's very offensive to me 
when people say, "Oh, you shouldn't do a service here or 
there because it will upset people and that will affect the vote 
at general convention." Serving the people as a priest is a 
spiritual and religious experience, and whether or ncit it wins 
votes at a political convention is of no importance. 

The Bishop (of Washington] has forbidden us to conduct 
services in any church in his diocese. This is what's called a 
"Godly admonition" — a very quaint, medieval term. We're 
under Godly admonition not to do services in a church, and 
each one of us will have to deal with that individually. My 
feeling, basically, is that the priest is a servant to the com- 
munity. I will provide my services to any community which 
requests them. If the bishop tries to intervene in that rela- 
tionship, I'm going to let him explain why. 

Mine is a theology of hope. Christianity doesn't tell us 
that we will not suffer pain, illness, hunger, or loneliness. It 
tells us that Christ suffered these things and came through 
them. . . There is no guarantee that if we are Christians we 
will live a good life, but there is a guarantee that there is help 
— and that there is some meaning to all of this, although we 
may not be able to see it. 



17 



carry the flag in front of her." 

Using every ounce of fortitude in her 5' y4" frame, 
Tally also performed heroics for a number of govern- 
ment officials, most notably Frank Carlucci (then a 
foreign service officer but later to be a senior official in 
the Office of Management and Budget). Carlucci was 
the target of an angry mob after his car had acciden- 
tally struck and killed a Congolese. But Tally arrived 
on the scene in a small blue sports car and whisked the 
fellow officer away before the pushing and shoving 
turned to more overt violence. 

When she left the Congo for America in 1962, the 
Associated Press carried a story calling her "the most 
attractive and cheerful fixture of the Congo's first two 
chaotic years of independence." But Tally Palmer re- 
members another side of her stay. "Frankly, I was 
scared to death," she says, "and like many people, 1 
found that I needed something more than my own 
sense of duty to keep me together." Proving the valid- 
ity of the old saying, "There are no atheists in the fox- 
hole," she turned to religion. There was an Anglican 
minister serving as chaplain to the Canadian army 
troops, and word spread through the diplomatic corps 
that he was delivering a very powerful message. She 
began attending his services and, with his help, came 
gradually "to a sense of Cod's existence." That was 
her initial spiritual conversion. After returning to the 
United States she was baptized and confirmed as a 
member of the Episcopal Church. 

The second step in her religious transformation 
took place in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 1966. Several 
powerful emotional factors in her life were coming to- 
gether at that time, and to deal with them she was 
forced again to draw on something other than herself. 
For one thing, her job situation was less than ideal. 
Having proved herself in the Congo and in British 
Guiana, where her embassy was dynamited, and hav- 
ing earned an advanced degree in African affairs at 
Boston University, she was ready and willing to take 
on a job as political officer in an African embassy. With 
little explanation, however, two promised posts were 
denied her at the last moment (she had learned Swa- 
hili for one). The Ethiopian post was offered only 
after pressure was applied on the ambassador, and 
now it was turning into a glorified social secretary's 
position (she did shopping for the ambassador's wife). 
For someone who loved foreign service work, the situ- 
ation was intolerable. 

But it was the news that her father was dying of 
cancer that proved to be the greater burden. Tally and 
her father were extremely close, and the doctor look- 
ing after him had told no one else in the family about 
his terminal condition. Unable to go home and unable 
to cope, she went to a little church library in Addis 
Ababa and discovered C. S. Lewis's book. The ProhlcDi 
of Pain. She found Lewis's theology "clear and con- 
vincing," and soon she was thumbing through more 
and more of his small volumes. By the end of her stay 



in North Africa, she had begun to develop "a personal 
sense of Christ — the suffering one, who has experi- 
enced our suffering and taken it upon himself." 

Clearly, this was "working my way through the 
Trinity," Tally says. The final step was to come in the 
military zone in Vietnam, where she was assigned to 
be chief of the reports branch of the Civil Operations 
and Revolutionary Development Support (CORDS). 
The only female Foreign Service officer in the CORDS 
office, she regularly flew in doorless helicopters into 
the central highlands to complete her confidential 
monthly reports on pacification efforts. 

Surprised in retrospect that Vietnam was such a 
profound spiritual influence on her life, the new priest 
attempted to analyze the experience in a recent inter- 
view. "Of course, there is something very confronting 
about a war — there is all that death and damage hap- 
pening in front of you. You would think that seeing 
that waste, destruction, and suffering would make you 
come away believing that there is no God — that the 
world is chaotic and everything happens bv chance." 
But she found that the reverse was true. She discov- 
ered what she calls the Holy Spirit — "the active 
spiritual force in the world." And her vocation to the 
priesthood developed gradually from that feeling. "I 
came to feel very deeply that there must be something 
human beings can do to prevent this from happening 
again," she says. 

Tally Palmer cannot talk about her life as a priest 
without also discussing her work as a Foreign 
Service officer. The two are intimately en- 
twined. She plans to remain what she calls a "worker/ 
priest," ministering, she hopes, to the needs of people 
like herself — Foreign Service officers and their fam- 
ilies. Hers is a strong ministry, she says. People call on 
her for advice and consolation over personal and pro- 
fessional setbacks, and she has been asked to conduct 
several funeral services for officers. "1 understand the 
special problems of this work," she says. "I have faced 
them myself. You might say I've appointed myself the 
unofficial chaplain of the Foreign Service." 

There was a time, however, when few would have 
sought out Alison Palmer's counsel. She has known 
her share of criticism. Five years ago, a male colleague 
told her she was "behaving like a lunatic," while a fel- 
low female officer called her "an absolute disgrace." 
The unsolicited critic^ues were part of the reaction to 
her sex discrimination suit against the State Depart- 
ment — the first ever filed. Though the suit rocked the 
nation's staid diplomatic corps, and though the inter- 
national publicity following her victory implied a 
bright future for the plaintiff. Tally has found the af- 
termath of her six -year struggle something less than 
satisfying. 

"I've had to fight every step of the way for a 
reasonable assignment," she relates. "I don't expect 
ever to be promoted again. 1 feel, in essence, that my 



18 



career is over. 

She is neither bitter nor beaten by the turn of 
events, however. "It's simply the price you pay for 
fighting," she says, in one of her spare, sensible con- 
clusions. "You have to risk being thought of as a mal- 
content — losing face with those who assume that the 
powers-that-be are always right." 

Tally was certain that the powers behind her ex- 
clusion from prime political assignments in Africa 
were wrong. The only reason they rejected her, she 
charged, was because she was a woman. There was, 
certainly, supporting evidence. Dean Edmund Gullion 
of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts, 
one of the ambassadors with whom Tally worked, has 
testified to her competency. "If she [needs] to prove 
she has courage, she's done that, time and again," he 
said in a newspaper article. "She's proven beyond 
doubt that she'd be good at her work." Another of her 
earlier bosses gave Tally a backhanded compliment in 
a conversation with author Russell Warren Howe in 
Ghana in the early fifties. Said Howe: "Her section 
chief confided boozilv one night that she was 'real 
efficient for a girl — she never goofs off.' " 

But maleness was the unwritten requirement 
for the highly competitive political jobs in developing 
countries, as Tally discovered when she read a mem- 
orandum from one ambassador unhappy with her 
assignment to his embassy. The local people would 
probably welcome an attractive female officer, he 
wrote sarcastically to another male State Department 
employee, but not for reasons that would best serve 
diplomacy. Tally totally rejected such arguments. 
"Appointments should reflect our principles," she 
said in discussing her discrimination suit with the 
press, "not their prejudices." 

The State Department agreed, albeit reluctantly. 
In 1971, she won retroactive pay, a one-step promo- 
tion, and personal vindication. This winter, she re- 
ceived reimbursement for the $25,000 in legal fees she 
had incurred during the six-year litigation. Moreover, 
several reforms were instituted at Foggy Bottom after 
her suit to improve the career potential for women. 
That pleased Tally Palmer, a woman whose concern 
for employee rights in the State Department has led 
her not only to help organize a union (the American 
Federation of Government Employees) but also to be- 
come the first foreign service officer in the world to 
qualify as a union shop steward in the AFL-CIO. 

"In 1971, which is when my case got all the public- 
ity," she notes, "6 percent of all the people recruited 
into the Foreign Service were women, and 94 percent 
were men. In 1972,-when my suit had really hit the de- 
partment, the percentage of women jumped to 18 per- 
cent. It tripled in one year — not bad." 

But now the percentage is slipping, and Tally feels 
it necessary "to keep the pressure on." She is filing a 
second sex-discrimination suit — this one a class ac- 
tion suit on behalf of all women officers. "There is 




Foreign Service Officer Palmer al her Stale Department desl<. 



I 



19 



still a tremendous amount of discrimination against 
women," she believes. "We move ahead much more 
slowly than men. The man, on the average, is getting 
promoted every three vears, the woman every six." 

Tally's present title is almost as long as she is: di- 
rector of the Office of International Labor Affairs and 
foreign policy adviser to the United States delegation 
to the hiternational Labor Organization. She is sat- 
isfied with the job, even though she was not exactly 
thrilled to get it. By a stroke of luck, the office backwa- 
ter in which she had been placed to while away her 
career recently became a hot spot that attracts even 
Secretarv Kissinger's attention. When the U.S. de- 
cided to pull out of the ILO this year, the pace of her 
work day changed dramatically. 

Now she talks in hurried spurts to visitors in her 
sparsely decorated office. Telephones ring, people pop 
in, mail piles up on her desk. As she talks, her eyes 
dart nervously whenever there is movement near the 
door. She has little time to waste. Yet, for all the inten- 
sity one detects, Alison Palmer remains a little vulner- 
able. She laughs at herself a lot, and drops occasional 
barbs of self-deprecation into the most serious of con- 
versations. She does not appear to be the crusading 
sort, and one wonders how she has toughened herself 
to withstand the rigors of challenging two of the most 
tradition-bound institutions in this country. 

The impetus apparently came gradually, a prod- 
uct of frustrated ambitions dating back to her first job. 
She had wanted to be a foreign correspondent for a 
newspaper, she says. But after stints as a secretary for 
both the New York Times and the Christian Science 
Monitor, she decided the prospects were bleak. "I 
looked around me and saw women who had worked 
there for ten years and were only allowed to cover fu- 
neral orations," is the way she tells it. 

When she first tried to get into the Foreign Service 
in 1955, she did well on the written test but flunked the 
oral examination. The reason for her failure, she was 
told privately later, was that the State Department at 
that time hired one black and one woman in alternate 
years. She had hit the "Negro year." It was small con- 
solation. 

Have the past ten years of struggle against sex dis- 
crimination in church and State been a greater consola- 
tion? Tally Palmer answers yes, but she concedes that 
her battles have extracted a toll. "Whenever a woman 
is aware of discrimination against herself, she has to 
make a hard decision — there's no halfway measure 
about it, no turning back. Either you fight it or you 
give into it," she says. 

"I knew if 1 fought discrimination I'd have to go 
on fighting the rest of my life. You become identified 
as a grievant, as a complainer; you can never get back 
into being a nice lady. But the only reason for giving 
in and not fighting would have been fear. And then 
I would have thought of myself as a coward from 
then on." S.R. 




Talhi Palmer adjusts her vestments, whieh she made herself. 



Photographs by Jean Gwaltney 



20 




Liberty's Impact: 
The World Views 1776 



Liberty Tree Revisited: 

The American Revolution and Spanish America 



R. C. Padden 



COLONIES," observed the economist Turgot, 
"are like fruit: they fall when they are ripe." 
Or, as the fate of Spain's colonies in America 
was to suggest, when someone shakes the tree. In the 
beginning Spain had claimed nearly the whole of the 
Western Hemisphere by right of prior discovery, but 
early in the seventeenth century her European rivals 
established permanent American colonies of their own. 
Although diplomacy could forestall, it could not prevent 
ultimate confrontations between the rivals in their striv- 
ing to diminish Spain's American hegemony. In 1664 
England attacked the Dutch and forced them to relin- 
quish New Amsterdam and the Hudson River. Mean- 
while, New France and French presence on the Missis- 
sippi and the Gulf of Mexico effectively sealed England 
off from continental expansion. War came, and in the 
peace of 1763 a defeated France ceded La Louisiane to 
her Bourbon ally, Spain, and quietly retreated from the 
North American mainland. The banners of the Dutch 
and French had fallen; the crimson and gold ensign of 
the Spanish throne .still waved over the richest and most 
desirable expanse of America. But how much longer? 
The two remaining giants eyed each other and prepared 
for an Armageddon that never came, because England's 
mainland colonies revolted in 1776 — an event that, to 
contemporaries, mu.st have appeared to be the quint- 
essential historical accident. 

From the beginning English Americans were willing 
participants in British aggression against Spain's Amer- 
ican empire. New Englanders were so prominent in the 
opening and development of illicit trade with the Span- 
ish colonies that all Anglo-Americans came to be known 
to Spanish Americans as "Bostonese." New Englanders 
also served in the British expeditionary forces that took 

R. C. Padden is a professor of history. 



Jamaica from Spain in 1655, and elsewhere joined in 
raids on Spanish shipping. Ever alert to the commercial 
possibilities that action against Spain revealed, Anglo- 
Americans initiated a fugitive exploitation of logwood 
on the Central American coast. Enterprising New Eng- 
landers accurately reckoned its potential, and by 1715 
they had some fifteen hundred colonists in settlements in 
Yucatan, Honduras, and "Campeachy," while their 
merchants set the price of Caribbean dyewoods in the 
world market. 

The economic penetration of Spain's American em- 
pire by her rivals was virtually guaranteed by Spanish 
commercial policy. All colonial trade was a declared 
monopoly, to be conducted exclusively with Spanish 
commercial houses and through designated ports. All 
direct trade was forbidden. Merchants holding the trad- 
ing monopoly intentionally failed to make available the 
volume and variety of goods that the colonies required; 
colonial prices were predictably high, and Spanish mer- 
chants were assured of inordinately high profits without 
expenditure of effort or concern. Since the colonials were 
forbidden their own manufactures, they had to buy from 
foreigners. Contraband thus became institutionalized 
even among those who would have been the most loyal 
of subjects. For the crown's officials, opportunity for 
bribery and extortion was endless. 

This vast illicit market held irresistible attraction for 
England's mainland colonials. With the turn of the 
eighteenth century their ships were engaged in direct 
commerce with Spain and Portugal — some legal, some 
not — while others were sailing to Madagascar and 
Angola for slaves, trading with Dutch Curasao and 
Surinam, and doing business with myriad forbidden 
"foreign plantation-s" in "ports unknown." By 1718 
there were over two thousand vessels from Salem, Boston, 
Newport, and New York plying the West Indies trade, a 



good part of which was contraband. Apparently, the 
Anglo-Americans were too preoccupied with getting on 
in the New World to take time for the drawing of nice 
distinctions between what was lawful trade and what was 
not. When they traded directly with Spanish colonies 
they defied Spanish law. When they carried to Spain 
commodities banned by the Navigation Acts, like pitch, 
tar, lumber, sugar, indigo, and tobacco, they violated 
English law. When they cut logwood in Central America 
and carried it to continental Europe they flouted both 
Spanish and English laws. 

The heart of the matter was that, in the English view, 
mercantilism could not be fully productive if the colonials 
enjoyed free access to Spanish American and European 
markets. At the same time, England's mainland colonies 
required more complementary trading partners for maxi- 
mal development of their economies than could be had 
within the prevailing practice of British mercantilism. 
Even though they were collaborators in the larger enter- 
prise of combating Spain, they were also competitors: 
English imperialists and Anglo-Americans were follow- 
ing inimical self-interests, and they were consequently 
embarked on a collision course. Their transits intersected 
in 1776. 

HAVING declared their independence, the Amer- 
ican rebels were confronted by a war that had 
to be won, together with the urgent necessity of 
fashioning a workable system of government and its 
defense. As if that were not enough, they were under 
extreme pressure to progress at once from colonialism to 
internationalism. At the center of the challenge lay the 
undecided fate of Spain's American empire — undecided 
in part because the rebels themselves had upset the time- 
table and clouded the nature of the resolution by their 
rebellion. For most of the seventeenth century, accord- 
ing to one Spanish observer, Spain had kept her Amer- 
ican colonies because it was in the best interests of Eng- 
land, France, and Holland to allow her to do so. "If that 
empire were to fall into the hands of one of these three 
powers," he reasoned, "the other two would lose the 
advantages they then enjoyed ; that is why they remained 
neutral and content with the robberies they made and 
the fruits of their fraudulent or licit trade with galleons 
and fleets." A generation later Montesquieu agreed, sug- 
gesting that God had created the Spaniards and Turks 



Figure I. Since 1776 the Cuban trade had been vital to the finan- 
cial support of the American Revolution and to the developing 
economy of the United States. In addition to its regular imports 
from the United States, Havana needed seven thousand barrels 
of flour each month as well as ten thousand feet of lumber for 
making sugar boxes. In 1782 mercantile houses such as Brown 
and Ives of Providence could expect to sell their goods in Hauana 
at the prices shown on this list furnished by the Cuban importers 
Joseph and Joshua Grafton. 



PRICE CURRENT. 





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to hold vast empires for the benefit of others. But Eng- 
land's rising power in the second half of the eighteenth 
century changed all that, and her Continental rivals, 
especially the Bourbons, began to be haunted by the 
specter of the Union Jack flying over all of America. 
The American revolution of 1776 came almost as re- 
prieve: Spain and France made the rebel cause their 
own, thinking to tilt the balance of power in their favor. 
Increasingly, the New World was to be used to redress 
the balance of power in the Old, and the American revo- 
lutionaries were ever mindful of the opportunities and 
perils involved. 

Late in the summer of 1776 committees of the Con- 
tinental Congress dispatched agents to all of Spain's 
Caribbean colonies and to northern South America to 
increase trade and representation of American interests. 
Almost invariably these agents were merchants who 
already enjoyed the benefit of widespread, even intimate, 
personal contacts throughout Spanish America. Con- 
gress refused them salaries, and so they commonly 
repaired their personal fortunes by acting as commission 
brokers. It amounted to an informal consular service, one 
based upon private enterprise with governmental sanc- 
tion. The diplomacy, intelligence, and propaganda of 
the yet-to-be-united states largely rested in the hands of 
men of business and commerce. 

With Spain backing the rebellious Anglo-Americans, 
increased trade with her American colonies was tempo- 
rarily approved; but, as conservative monarchists, the 
Spaniards were frankly worried over their aid to a repub- 
lican cause, even as they extended it. There would be no 
general opening of the Spanish colonies to the enterprise 
of the Anglo-Americans, nor was any official recognition 
extended to their agents, who had been sent, uninvited, 
to the colonies. Since, on the other hand, the crown had 
not ordered their expulsion, colonial administrators 
allowed the American agents to conduct their affairs, 
not uncommonly with mutual profit. 

The Revolutionary War period thus offered the 
rebels an opportunity to penetrate Spanish America 
more deeply and extensively than ever before. Yankee 
privateers sailed everywhere in search of prizes and were 
followed by whalers, who usually carried trade goods on 
the side. Whaling was good in the South Atlantic, and in 
1786 New England whalers established a settlement on 
the Falkland Islands, off the coast of Argentina. The 
following year Captain Paul Worth, master of the 
Beaver, sailed through the Strait of Magellan and ini- 
tiated a whale fishery in the Pacific. As part-time traders, 
the whalers ranged all the way to the Pacific Northwest, 
laying the foundation for a contraband trade in Chile, 
Peru, Mexico, and California. At this same time William 
Coxe, a merchant of Philadelphia, shipped a cargo of 
otter skins to China and made a fortune. Another enter- 
prising Yankee, stuck with a cargo of wolf pelts described 



as otter and consigned to Calcutta, sold them for five 
dollars a pelt in Canton. Another fortune was made, this 
time to be followed by a swarm of American vessels Asia- 
bound. This explosive entry into the Far Eastern trade 
was feasible only because Spanish Chile provided a 
strategic way station. Valparaiso and Coquimbo were 
favored harbors, and when Spanish port officials made 
it difficult from time to time, the Yankees moved to 
islands off the coast, where they established settlements 
of their own. 

FROM the English perspective, retribution for 
France's role in the successful American revolu- 
tion was visited in 1789. "England shall be 
avenged of your actions," an Englishman had written 
to Louis XVI in 1778, "when your own government is 
judged and condemned in accordance with the prin- 
ciples being enunciated in Philadelphia, and which are 
being applauded in your capital." Recoiling in shock 
from the French Revolution, Spain's government sta- 
tioned censors at her border posts to intercept revo- 
lutionary literature and forbade the then fashionable 
wearing of waistcoats on which the word Liberie was 
embroidered. Spain's involvement in the coalition 
against republican France and her subsequent reentry 
into the war in 1796, this time as Napoleon's ally, effec- 
tively isolated her from her colonies. She could neither 
supply nor defend them, and in 1797 reluctantly opened 
the American colonies to neutral trade. In view of Eng- 
land's increasing preoccupation with the Napoleonic 
menace, the United States was free to move. Within 
months the Yankees had captured most of the Carib- 
bean food trade and opened up a dominant trade with 
La Guaira, the seaport of Caracas, which was fast 
emerging as one of the key revolutionary centers of 
Spanish America. The Americans had 40 warships and 
hundreds of armed merchantmen plying the trade routes 
of the New World. In February 1799, the United States 
had 25 of the 30 foreign vessels anchored at Veracruz, 
Mexico; out of 528 ships then riding at anchor in 
Havana, 431 were American. In Chile, Yankees out- 
numbered other foreigners by three or four to one. The 
United States was rapidly taking over nearly the whole 
of trade with Spanish America : from a base of approxi- 
mately $1 .5 million. United States exports to the Spanish 
West Indies alone would grow to nearly $11 million by 
1805. 

Commerce was the lifeblood of the Revolution and 
of the strippling republic (see figure 1). Alexander 
Hamilton employed his ample talents in the formulation 
of fiscal policies, around which pohtical factions and 
parties tended to form. At this time about 40 percent of 
the goods .sold abroad by the United States represented 
native production; the balance was reexported foreign 
stock. Conversely, 77 percent of the goods traded to 



Spanish America came from the factories or handicrafts 
and farms of the United States. The latter commerce 
was not merely a source of profit: it contributed sub- 
stantially to development of the domestic economy. The 
implications of that fact raised new questions concern- 
ing the interests of the United States and the continued 
dependency of Spanish America upon the crown of 
Spain. 

Hamilton favored expanded trade with Spanish 
America; he simultaneously emerged as the leader of 
powerful Federalists — in and out of public office — 
who advocated a policy of geographical expansion at 
the expense of Spain. There was talk in the newspapers 
and in the Congress of filibustering, of border clashes, 
even of war against the Spaniards. The Philadelphia 
Gazette put the expansionist case neatly in 1799: "A 
war with Spain is absolutely necessary to the salvation 
of this country if a war with France takes place, or if 
the Spaniards have ceded Louisiana to France. They 
must both be driven into the Gulf of Mexico, or we shall 
never sleep in peace. Besides, a war with Spain would be 
so convenient ! There is nothing but dry blows to be 
gotten from the pennyless sans-culottes; but the wealth 
of Spanish America would be a salve for every sore. It 
would be the cream of the war." 

Expansionist sentiment in the United States had 
been furthered by Francisco de Miranda, a Venezuelan 
whose lifelong revolutionary activities earned him the 
title Apostle of Spanish American Independence. Dur- 
ing a visit to the United States begun in 1 783 he met all 
the leading political and commercial figures and sought 
their support for a plan to revolutionize Spanish Amer- 
ica. Hamilton was much impressed by Miranda and his 
ideas, as were, among others. Colonel W. S. Smith 
(Washington's aide in the Revolutionary War), Secre- 
tary of War Henry Knox, Rufus King, and Winthrop 
Sargent. Ezra Stiles, the president of Yale College, found 
Miranda "a learned man and a flaming Son of liberty." 
Most impressed with Miranda's eloquence and com- 
manding presence, perhaps, was James Lloyd of Boston, 
who later confided to John Adams: "With his whole 
frame in motion, and pacing the room with giant strides, 
[Miranda] presented to my juvenile imagination a new 
and apparently more elevated sample of the human char- 
acter, and seemed capable of leading a People impatient 
of their Government, and ripe for its subversion to any 
deeds of daring to which his ambitions might direct 
them." 

Although Hamilton and his party appeared ready to 
march on Spanish America, Thomas Jefferson was not. 
As early as 1786 he had cautioned, "Our confederacy 
must be viewed as the nest, from which all America, 
north and south, is to be peopled. We should take care 
too, not to think it for the interest of that great continent 
to press too soon on the Spaniards. Those countries can- 



not be in better hands. My fear is that they are too 
feeble to hold them till our population can be sufficiently 
advanced to gain it from them piece by piece. The navi- 
gation of the Mississippi we must have. This is all we 
are as yet ready to receive." JefTerson was right. With- 
out impressive sea power and until the nation had 
achie\'ed greater military potential, American gains 
would most likely be made diplomatically, by playing 
France's ambition and desire for restoration of its Amer- 
ican empire against England's dread of such restoration 
and her fear of continental expansion on the part of the 
United States, with both to be played off against Spain. 
There must be skillful diplomacy, but no war. Such 
proved to be the essence of JefTerson's strategy after he 
became president. 

Napoleon's scheme for restoring the French empire 
on the North American mainland was already afoot 
when Jefferson assumed the presidency in 1801. Two 
steps were involved: the retrocession to France of La 
Louisiane, which Napoleon had already wrung from 
Spain in a secret treaty the year before, and organization 
of a Caribbean base. Everything thus turned on the sec- 
ond step, the recovery of French San Domingue, which 
had fallen under the hostile rule of black revolutionaries. 
In November 1801 Napoleon dispatched his brother-in- 
law. General Leclerc, and ten thousand troops to San 
Domingue. Convinced that the French would follow up 
victory in San Domingue with a military occupation of 
Louisiana, Jefferson feinted by threatening Napoleon 
with a new and binding alliance between the United 
States and England that would forever exclude France 
from the Western Hemisphere. Meanwhile, five hundred 
thousand blacks and a scourge of yellow fever wiped out 
Leclerc and his army. Napoleon, seeing his strategy irre- 
trievably lost, did an about-face and sold La Louisiane 
to Jefferson's emissaries for 80 million francs. On the 
face of it, it was an exceptional bargain for a French 
occupation of Louisiana that, in Napoleon's words, "will 
not last perhaps a day." He had one more reason to 
gloat: "I have just given England a maritime rival that 
sooner or later will lay low her pride." 

Jefferson's diplomatic triumph was followed by a 
painful international embarrassment. Francisco de 
Miranda returned to the United States in No\ember 
1804, this time with a plan to revolutionize his native 
Caracas. American expansionists made available to him 
funds, arms, and munitions. Colonel Smith, who was 
now surveyor of the port of New York, acted as liaison 
and also recruited about two hundred men for the ven- 
ture. Samuel Ogden, a merchant and ship owner with 
long experience in the Caribbean, supplied the ships. 
The entire affair was leaked to the Spanish minister, 
who undertook a vehement and lengthy protest that the 
president and secretary of state refused to acknowledge. 
Meanwhile, the Miranda expedition — its leader claim- 




A€.E:Ki:^:'C^Tn2N^ of ten of Mm^iy^DA'S 






JOHN CARTER BROWN LIBRARY 



ing "the tacit approbation and good wishes" of the ad- 
ministration — sailed from New York in February 1806. 
When the would-be revolutionaries attempted a landing 
at Porto Cavello, waiting Spanish forces put a speedy 
end to their enterprise. Miranda fled, leaving sixty men, 
who were captured. Some were executed (see figure 2) ; 
those who sur\'ived experienced terrible privation and 
suffering. 

In the United States Jefferson's political foes made 
the most of the debacle; the administration was embar- 
rassed in its denials by a public suspicion that the presi- 
dent and secretary of state had connived with Miranda 
from the beginning, and by strident demands of the 
Spanish and French ministers for satisfaction. Smith and 
Ogden were therefore indicted and tried on a charge of 
criminal conspiracy. Their sensational trial was, accord- 
ing to the New York Evening Post, "the most wicked, 
perfidious, and detestable persecution that ever disgraced 
a civilized country." Smith and Ogden were acquitted in 
what the U.S. Gazette termed "Jefferson and Madison's 
trial." 

In acquiring Louisiana, Jefferson had won the key 
to imperial expansion on the continent, a reality that 
Spain both appreciated and feared. In the course of 
bitter disputes over the boundaries of Louisiana and the 



Figure 2. The execution of American filibusteros — military ad- 
venturers — captured during Francisco de Miranda's ill-fated 
revolutionary expedition to Venezuela (1806), an incident that 
had embarrassing repercussions for the Jefferson administration. 
From the History of tfie Adventures and SuflFerings of Moses 
Smith (Brooklyn, 1812), an account by one of the survivors. 



Florida question, Jefferson warned his minister in Paris 
that Napoleon must either "compel Spain to do us jus- 
tice, or abandon her to us. We ask but one month to be 
in possession of the city of Mexico." He also expressed 
interest in the acquisition of Cuba and coveted the 
Panama Canal site, the latter being "a vast desideratum 
for reasons political and philo.sophical." Never, in his 
negotiations with Spain, did he give assurances against 
further expansion by the United States in the south 
and west. 

By the end of his second term President Jefferson 
had formulated a fundamental position with respect to 
Spain's American empire. In his view, the United States 
could not permit the Spanish American colonies to be- 
come part of either French or English colonial empires; 
European political systems were to be excluded from the 
Western Hemisphere; finally, there must be no limit to 
the possible expansion of the United States. For the 
world's diplomats these points would later be formalized 
in the Monroe Doctrine. Most Americans, however. 



simply found themselves in possession of an expansionist 
mystique which in time would appear so self-evident and 
manifest that it could be ascribed to destiny. 

AFTER 1776 the Yankee mission in Spanish 
America was twofold: to spread the political 
^ gospel of rational liberty and to get rich, and 
in that order. Ships' officers, supercargoes, seamen, 
commercial and diplomatic agents, all were proud rep- 
resentatives of their country and its revolution. To 
explain the American Revolution in a monarchist society 
was to propagandize, but they went far beyond that: 
they commonly distributed translated copies of the Dec- 
laration of Independence and presented their hosts with 
watches and fobs and other trinkets engraved with the 
image and slogans of Liberty. The recipients were usually 
landed Creole aristocrats, native Spanish Americans, 
who controlled most of the commerce and dominated 
urban politics. As a class they were well educated, and 
many had traveled. The colonial universities had been 
teaching Descartes, Newton, and Leibnitz since 1736, 
and had done it well. When the Enlightenment came the 
Creoles were prepared to use it and to make original 
contributions to it. For the most part they shunned the 
luminous philosophical fulminations so popular in Eu- 
rope, concentrating instead on science and its applica- 
tions. Bernardo Monteagudo, a Creole revolutionary of 
Buenos Aires, reflected their attitude perfectly: "En- 
lightenment gives man the power to dominate him- 
self and in a certain measure to dominate nature; it 
causes to disappear the awful phantom of chance, to 
which the thoughtless attribute the greater part of 
their misfortunes." 

During the JefTersonian era, as the interests of the 
United States in Spanish America were gradually 
defined, there were correlated shifts in the attitudes and 
actions of American representatives there. The subver- 
sion of Spain's sovereignty became increasingly explicit 
in their attempts to undermine the Creoles' loyalty to 
Spain and to enlist them as ideological and commercial 
clients of the United States. This was notable in Chile, 
where American interest had risen sharply; the Santa 
Maria Islands, off the Chilean coast, were being used 
as strategic bases in the growing trade of the United 
States with the Far East. Contraband trade in Chile was 
greater in volume than legal trade and was dominated 
by the United States. American whaling continued, but 
with increase in contraband and in political agitation. 
As a backwater of empire, Chile was always one of the 
first to suffer material shortages in Spain's imperial 
system of supply and one of the last to be served; the 
colony consumed more than it produced and subsisted 
with the aid of an annual subsidy from the mines of 
Peru, which relegated Chile to the lowly status of a drain 
on the imperial economy. Chilean Creoles, therefore. 



were especially vulnerable to American propaganda that 
deplored Chile's backwardness and underdevelopment 
in the presence of natural abundance. The experiences 
of William Shaler and Richard J. Cleveland, two sea- 
soned Yankee traders in Chile in 1802, are revealing. 
Cleveland wrote: 

During our sojourn at Valparaiso, we had become ac- 
quainted with, and were in the habit of visiting on famil- 
iar terms, several interesting native families; for the native 
inhabitants sympathized with us, and condemned the 
unfriendly course manifested towards us by their rulers. 
They seemed, generally, to be awakening to a sense of the 
abject state of vassalage in which they were held by their 
European masters; the posts of honour and profit being 
exclusively in possession of Europeans, to the great annoy- 
ance of the Creoles. Bursts of indignation, at these and 
other grievances connected with them, would sometimes 
escape them, which were generally accompanied with a 
hope that the period of emancipation was not very distant. 

Such sentiments were met by us with corresponding 
ones, by drawing a parallel between their country and 
ours, while each was under a colonial system of govern- 
ment, by adverting to the greater physical means in their 
possession to enable them to throw off the yoke, than was 
possessed by the Anglo-Americans, in the beginning of 
their Revolution, by demonstrating to them the greatly 
increased value of the products of their soil, and the 
diminished prices at which they would receive the manu- 
factures of Europe, when their commerce should be freed 
from the shackles to which tyranny and folly had so long 
subjected it; and finally, by remarking on the paralysing 
and debasing effects on the mind, which are inseparable 
from a protracted state of dependence and vassalage. For 
the better promotion of the embryo cause, we gave them a 
copy of our Federal Constitution, and a translation into 
Spanish of our Declaration of Independence. 

The interest of the United States in Spanish Amer- 
ican independence was gratuitously furthered by the 
emperor of France. In a Continental power play, Napo- 
leon arrested the reigning Spanish Bourbons and seated 
his brother, Joseph, on the Spanish throne in 1807. This 
act precipitated a constitutional crisis of first magnitude: 
the Spanish colonies had ever been the property of the 
Spanish sovereign, never the nation. The American 
colonies were thus technically without a legal govern- 
ment until the royal family should be restored. Every- 
where Creoles formed parties and political associations 
with an eye to reducing peninsular authority and gaining 
greater power for themselves. In Chile Creole reformers 
commissioned Matthew Hoervel, an American citizen, 
to bring in a printing press, long refused by the royal 
government of the colony. It arrived aboard the frigate 
Galloway under the care of three American printers, 
Samuel Burr Johnston, William H. Burdige, and Simon 
Garrison. The press was set up and forthwith published 
a weekly periodical. La Aurora de Chile. Under a motto 
of "Long Live the Union, the Fatherland, and Long Live 
the King," it consistently praised the American Revolu- 
tion and carried translated speeches of General Washing- 



ton, Jefferson, Madison, and other celebrated American 
patriots, selected British parliamentary speeches, and 
inflammatory editorials by its Chilean editor. 

The influence of the United States on the Spanish 
colonies was evaluated in 1815 by an informed Spanish 
writer, Fr. Melchor Martinez, when nearly all of Spanish 
America was in open revolt : 

The Bostonese Republic, isolated and surrounded by so 
many peoples desirous of imitating its ideas of liberty, 
considers and fears at the same time the weakness of its 
existence and for that reason arouses its greatest efforts to 
enlarge its small size and extend its system as its only 
means of achieving solidity and substance. To this end it 
puts in motion all imaginable means, without hesitating 
at the most iniquitous and immoral, in order to lure the 
Spanish Americans to its depraved intent. . . . 

Clandestine trade and the permission to fish for whales 
introduce traders and adventurers from the United States 
into all the coasts, ports, islands, and other Spanish pos- 
sessions, giving them opportunities to persuade the Spanish 
colonists of the flourishing state and advantageous situa- 
tion of their country, while decrying the Spanish colonial 
government and subjection to the mother country in 
Europe as ignominious slavery. They magnify the riches 
and extent of these provinces; proclaim the injustice and 
tyranny with which the wealth is carried off to enrich 
Europe; cry out the state of obscurity, abandonment, and 
civil nullity in which the colonists live; and ofTer with 
impudence all the aid of their great power to the peoples 
who may wish to shake oflf the yoke of legitimate and just 
government. Moreover, they have adopted and put into 
execution the most powerful means to undermine and 
destroy the political and religious edifice of the Spanish 
colonies, sending clandestinely to all and each one of these 
provinces agents for the purpose of establishing themselves 
and becoming citizens, with the design of misleading 
public opinion and destroying allegiance to the mother 
country, to which effect those detestable spies leave no 
stone unturned in order to marry into the leading families 
who also have influence in the government; difference of 
religion is no impediment, for to them it is immaterial. 
They become passionate Catholics in name only and in 
this way acquire the security and freedom to ingratiate 
themselves and take an active part in the deception of 
the inhabitants. Such has been the most efficacious and 
common means whereby the present convulsions of Span- 
ish America have been produced. 

Although he acknowledged the French Revolution, 
the writer gave it scant importance in the Spanish Amer- 
ican revolt. Certainly it could not have been for lack of 
knowledge on the part of the Creole revolutionaries. 
After 1789 the urban centers of Mexico City, Havana, 
Caracas, Buenos Aires, Lima, Bogata, and the ports of 
Chile were inundated by a continuing flood of books, 
pamphlets, and newspapers, especially from England 
and the United States. Writers of the Enlightenment 
had been available for some time to those who knew 
where to find them, and now the writings of revolu- 
tionaries were literally dumped on the market: by 1807 
the butchers of Cumana were wrapping sausages in 
pages torn from Tom Paine's Common Sense and Rights 



of Man, Rousseau's Social Contract, and Pablo Viz- 
cardo's cla.ssic Letter to Spanish Americans. The latter, 
a compelling challenge to Creoles to emulate the Amer- 
ican Revolution, was written by a Peruvian Creole in 
London in 1795. Since revolution ran counter to Eng- 
lish policy, the letter was suppressed. But Rufus King, 
the American minister, took it to Philadelphia, where it 
was published in 1799 and then distributed all over 
Spanish America. It was perhaps the greatest single 
literary contribution to the overthrow of Spanish 
dominion in America. 

The Creoles were well acquainted with the revolu- 
tionary writings of the eighteenth century, but foreign 
ideas were not the cause of the movement for indepen- 
dence in Spanish America. If there was a single, all- 
pervading cause, it was a deeply rooted dissatisfaction 
with colonial dependency, together with the will to end 
it. In the long run, the French Revolution exerted a 
negative influence upon most Creoles. Many educated 
Creole revolutionaries revered Rousseau and Voltaire 
and sentimentally embraced the French Revolution, but 
in practice they followed Locke and his absolute right 
of the individual to own and hold property. They were, 
after all, the landlords of Spanish America. Most of them 
also abhorred the doctrine of equality. Alexander von 
Humboldt, observing the society at first hand in the 
period immediately preceding the revolution, concluded 
that the elite of the Creole aristocracy would rather lose 
their rights than share them with the masses below, and 
would prefer to be ruled by foreigners than by their own 
inferiors. The black revolution in San Domingue, which 
began as an echo of the French Revolution, held its own 
message for the Creoles: it promised undisguised race 
war, with butchery of the whites and destruction of their 
property. The Creoles of Spanish America, themselves 
reigning over darker-skinned masses, took the hint and 
were reinforced in their determination to maintain their 
position and preserve their privileges at any cost. There 
would be no social revolution in Spanish America. 

Francisco de Miranda made the point in a letter to 
Alexander Hamilton, written in 1798. Referring to the 
developing revolutionary spirit in the Spanish colonies, 
he wrote: "The only danger I can see is the introduction 
of French principles, which would poison liberty in its 
cradle and would ultimately put an end to yours also." 
To his own people he said, "Two great examples lie be- 
fore our eyes : the American Revolution and the French 
Revolution. Let us discreetly imitate the first; let us most 
carefully avoid the disastrous effects of the second." The 
key word was "example," and that is where the United 
States derived its influence with Spanish America, rather 
than from any shared ideology. 

The newly established federal sy.stem of the United 
States enjoyed enormous prestige among educated Span- 
ish Americans, and many of their hastily drawn consti- 



tutions and political philosophies were inspired by our 
example. The Liberator, Simon Bolivar, acknowledging 
the vast differences in culture and historical experience 
that separated Spanish Americans from Anglo-Amer- 
icans, warned his countrymen that "it would be better 
for South Americans to adopt the Koran rather than the 
United States' form of government, although the latter 
is the best on earth." He was also deeply concerned for 
his peasant soldiers who had fought and suffered and 
won the victory, but who, in the nature of things, would 
find that they had won nothing at all for themselves: 
"We are over an abyss," he brooded, "or, rather, over 
a volcano that is about to erupt. I fear peace more than 
war." The upheaval he dreaded would have taken place, 
but few of the postwar political structures, federal or 
monarchical, survived long enough to be tested; there 
was instead a universal outbreak of parti.san conflict in 
which plunder repaid the debts of the past. Almost 
everywhere in Spanish America, anarchy prevailed as 
local and urban oligarchs manipulated militarized ban- 
dits and fought for the preservation of their own interests. 
Observers in the United States were astonished and 
dismayed. From our vantage point we know that they 
had been victimized by the maladie du siecle: all the 
Spanish colonials had needed to realize their innate 
virtues was to be free. There was much agonized reflec- 
tion on both the anarchy in Spanish America and on the 
policies of the United States. Rufus King, one of the 
champions of Spanish American liberation, retreated a 
pace or two : 

Whether we will and when we will acknowledge the 
Independence of any of these Colonies are questions to be 
determined by a reference not to their interests but to our 
own. . . . You will not suppose that I have changed any 
of my former Opinions reflecting the Advantages to this 
Country that will arise out of the Independence of the 
Spanish Colonies, but it is a serious Question, and I 
should regard it as an unfortunate decision of it, that we 
should plunge into a War in the actual Position of the 
World for the Deliverance of these Colonies, whose inca- 
pacity to manage their own affairs must for a time be a 
cause of great Confusion and Disorder. 

John Quincy Adams took a different, more perceptive 
tack; he argued that the Spanish American revolution 
was not at all like that of the United States. The latter 
had sought independence in order to secure civil rights. 
In Spanish America, he charged, civil rights were being 
trampled by all parties and factions. "As to an American 
system," he declared, "we have it; we constitute the 
whole of it; there is no community of interests or of prin- 
ciples between North and South America." Many Amer- 
icans would share that opinion, believing it to have been 
the tragedy of Spanish American independence that the 
Creoles .spurned American ideology and risked every- 
thing in an uncomprehending imitation of the American 
Revolution. 



In the United States the tide of Manifest Destiny 
was running and would come full. The failure of Spanish 
America to resolve its political problems, whatever the 
reason, was sufficient to bring down upon it the full 
contempt in which the Anglo-Americans had always 
held Spain. In noting the distress of its nearest Latin 
neighbor in 1827, the American Quarterly Review 
remarked : 

In civilization and intellectual improvement far behind 
the rest of the world, yet with the most dilated ideas of 
their own capacity and general intelligence, the Mexi- 
cans, whilst in a state of dependency and debility, imagine 
themselves gifted with superior energy and readily con- 
ceive themselves the objects of universal envy and 
admiration. 

Bolivar interpreted the signs perfectly and warned 
his contemporaries that "a very rich and powerful na- 
tion, extremely warlike and capable of anything is at the 
head of this continent." He particularly feared its readi- 
ness to meddle and interfere, its .self-righteousness, and 
in 1829 despaired that the United States "seems destined 
by providence to plague America with torments in the 
name of freedom." 

Thomas Jefferson once said of the United States and 
Spanish America, "The womb of time is big with events 
to take place between us and them." We could do worse 
in the bicentennial year than ponder this cryptic 
prophecy. 



Suggested Readings 

Bernstein, Harry. Origins of Inter-American Interest, 1700-1812. 
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1945. 

Humphreys, R. A., and Lynch, John. The Origins of the Latin 
American Revolutions, 1808-1826. New York: Alfred A. 
Knopf, paperback, 1968. 

Johnson, John J. Simon Bolivar and Spanish American Inde- 
pendence: 1783-1830. Princeton: Van Nostrand, .'\nvil 
paperback, 1968. 

Lynch, John. The Spanish- American Revolutions, 1808-1826. 
New York: Norton, paperback, 1973. 

Madariaga, Salvador de. The Fall of the Spanish American 
Empire. London: Hollis and Carter, 1947. 

Nichols, Roy F. Advance Agents of American Destiny. Phila- 
delphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1956. 

Van Alstyne, Richard W. The Rising American Empire. New 
York: Norton, paperback, 1974. 

Genesis of American Nationalism. Waltham, Mass.: Blais- 
dell Publishing Company, 1970. 

Whitaker, Arthur Preston. The Mississippi Question, 1795-1803. 
New \'ork: D. .Appleton-Century Co., 1934. 
The United States and the Independence of Latin America, 
1800-1830. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 194L 



Uimdldir ^h 




Stoltz named 
acting president 

When we last left the presidential 
search {BAM, April), plans for choosing 
a successor to Donald F. Hornig were in 
disarray, and contingencies for govern- 
ing Brown after June 30 were uncertain. 
The Corporation, through its Presiden- 
tial Selection Committee, had decided 
that the presidential candidates submit- 
ted to it for recommendation to the full 
Corporation were unacceptable, and 
had announced that the search would 
be reorganized under its direction and 
extended into the next academic year. 
Both students and facult\' reacted to the 
move with alarm, fearing their voice in 
the matter was being silenced. The 
pages of the Broivu Daily Herald and the 
conversations on campus began to be 
filled with anxious speculation over 
what the results of March's unexpected 
events would be. 

Bv Mav, specific answers were 
forthcoming, and the general uncer- 
tainty was lifting. Heated debate in 
April had resulted in the acceptance by 
the faculty (through the Faculty Policy 
Group) and the students (through the 
Undergraduate Council of Students) of 
their role in the new search process. 
Each group selected new representa- 
tives to serve on consulting committees 
to the Corporation searchers, and a 
third committee, made up of adminis- 
tration officials, was added as a consult- 
ing body. All were submitting new- 
names for consideration. In addition, a 
consulting firm, Heidrick and Strug- 
gles, had been retained by the Corpora- 
tion and was busy gathering informa- 
tion on various candidates under con- 
sideration. 

The most significant development, 
however, was the nomination b\' the 
Corporation's Advisory and Execu- 
tive Committee (A&E) on May 14 of 
an interim president to serve after 
President Hornig steps down June 30 
and until a permanent president takes 
office. The person they selected was not 
only skilled in the administrative affairs 
of the UniversitN', but also intimately 
familiar with the role of acting presi- 
dent. His name; Merton P. Stoltz. 

Provost Stoltz's elevation to the 




Mcrt Stoltz: A familiar role. 

presidenc\' on Juh' 1 will mark the third 
time in seven years that the University 
has called on him to guide it through a 
difficult transition period. He served the 
Universit\- for a year in 1969-70 as acting 
president, after the resignation of Ray 
Heffner. Again, in the summer of 1972, 
he assumed the chief executive position 
at Brown following President Hornig's 
heart attack. 

Nearing retirement. Provost Stoltz 
has been a member of the Brown faculty 
since 1940, and has served as chairman 
of the economics department (1956-64), 
associate dean of the graduate school 
(1960-64), and dean of the University 
(1964-66). He was named provost, 
the chief academic officer under the 
president, ten years ago. 

During his first term in the role of 
acting president, the provost helped 
launch Brown's "Program for the 
Seventies," a major capital campaign 
aimed at raising a total of S92 million in 
private funds during the decade. 

Chancellor Charles C. Tillinghast, 
Jr., expressed confidence in the prov- 
ost's ability to "keep the University 
moving forward," when he announced 
Stoltz's nomination for the interim 
presidency in Ma\' (the full Corporation 
was slated to approve formally the A&E 
nomination at its next meeting in June). 
"Provost Stoltz has a thorough and 
comprehensive knowledge of Brown 



and of higher education," said Tilling- 
hast. "He has demonstrated his devo- 
tion to this University and his abilit\' to 
meet the arduous demands of the 
presidency." Tillinghast added that 
Stoltz's term as acting president could 
well be for a "substantial period of 
time." 

In an interview with the BAM prior 
to the A&E meeting, the chancellor 
also shed light on what the current 
presidential searchers are doing and 
what the Brown community can expect 
in the future. He said then that most of 
the names now under consideration 
come from the same list of candidates 
used bv the first presidential search 
committee, although a few additional 
names have been added, through 
suggestions from students, faculty, and 
administrators. The main problem the 
searchers face at this time is too many 
names, not too few, the chancellor felt. 
He said that the searchers must now 
"sweat down" the list (whose size he 
did not estimate, saying only that it was 
over the "fifty names" which had been 
reported on campus) to a manageable 
number of prime contenders. And he 
indicated what the procedure for doing 
this would be: "The approach we're tak- 
ing is that of selecting from the list par- 
ticularh' high-potential names and con- 
centrating on them. We're not starting 
at the bottom and eliminating from the 
list until we eventually get to the end," 
said the chancellor. "We're starting 
from the other end. If, among the 
high-potential candidates, we can find 
two or three in whom we have particu- 
lar interest and who are interested in us, 
it may well be that there will be a lot of 
people to whom we really don't pay 
much attention. We have just so much 
time and so many resources." 

Other remarks b\- Chancellor Til- 
linghast are included in the following 
excerpts from that May 14 interview; 

D On the anticipated time-frame 
for the interim presidency; "At this 
point in time, with man\' people having 
made their plans for the next academic 
year, it may well be that, even though 
we arrive at a selection of a new pres- 
ident and he accepts, he may not be 
with us until a year from now. That is a 
very real possibility." 

D On the criteria for selecting the 



29 



president: "There have been sugges- 
tions that the list of criteria ought not to 
read as if they were listed in order of 
importance, but as if each were about as 
important as the other. There has also 
been a suggestion that the statement 
relative to fund-raising ability has been 
understated." 

n On the procedures for the 
summer: "The Presidential Selection 
Committee will probably meet with the 
consulting committees on the average of 
once every couple of weeks, and our 
own task force (consisting of VVillard C. 
Butcher '48, Arthur R. Taylor '57, 
Richard Salomon '32, Alfred H. Joslin 
'35, Ruth Ekstrom '53, and Tillinghast) 
will meet at least that often and perhaps 
oftener, depending on need. The full 
selection committee will meet once a 
month. Of course, we will have to ad- 
just for developments as we go along." 

n On the type of candidates on the 
current presidential search list: "The 
great majority are in education. Some 
are not: they are in government service; 
some hold positions such as chief scien- 
tist in an industrial company; there are 
also some foundation people. But some- 
thing like 80 percent are actively in edu- 
cation." 

n On the chances of a presidential 
decision over the summer: "Let me put 
it this way: I would very much hope 
that we could have the job done bv the 
time college opens in the fall, or very 
shortly thereafter. That's just a hope. I 
can't predict, but I think there is sub- 
stantial reason to hope we might have it 
done by then." S.R. 



Henry Moore will 
have his wish 

British sculptor Henry Moore, 
whose one-ton piece of cast-bronze 
beauty named "Bridge-Prop" sits on the 
College Green in front of Faunce House 
for all to enjoy, has long held the belief 
that "sculpture is an art of the open air. " 
Back in 1951, in fact, the artist said 
frankly, "I would rather have a piece of 
my sculpture in a landscape . . .than in 
or on the most beautiful building I 
know." 

It is not surprising, then, that Mr. 
Moore has approved a plan suggested 
by one Brown family that will create a 
unique sculpture retreat for his works 
on the wooded landscape of Brown's 
Haffenreffer tract in Bristol, R.I. 

In early March, a second Moore 



sculpture of cast bronze was making its 
way from Germany to the 450-acre Haf- 
fenreffer site. This piece, offered for use 
in the new sculpture program by Amer- 
ican art collectors Mr. and Mrs. Leonard 
Davis, will be joined in several months 
by a third Moore sculpture donated by 
Vera and Albert List, the Brown bene- 
factors for whom the List Art Building 
is named. Plans call for the placement of 
several additional Moore pieces within a 
year. 

The sculpture retreat, which will be 
the first area of its kind at an American 
university, is the brainchild of David 
and Laura Finn, active Brown parents 
who were responsible for bringing 
Moore's "Bridge-Prop" to campus in 
1974. David Finn, who is co-founder 
and chairman of the board of Ruder and 
Finn, an international public relations 
firm, proposed with his wife in 1972 that 
the University embark on a program to 
enrich the campus's landscape and 
"make sculpture a living and vital ex- 
perience for students." They presented 
Brown with "Bridge-Prop" as the first 
phase of their plan. Now, in addition to 
creation of the Henry Moore sculpture 
area, which will be called "The Mt. 
Hope Reserve," the Finns hope to facili- 
tate the placement of works by other art- 
ists in prominent positions on Brown's 
main campus. 

Under the Finn plan. Brown will 
incur no costs except those involved in 
the upkeep of the pieces. Collectors 
who donate the works of art will pay 
transportation and insurance 'costs, and 
the initial installation and landscaping 
costs will be borne by the Laura and 
David Finn Foundation. S.R. 

An ambitious gift goal 
for the class of '51 

In its desire to make a significant 
contribution to education at Brown at 
the time of its 25th reunion, the class of 
1951 embarked some eight months ago 
on an ambitious program — to raise 
$551,000 as a gift to the University this 
June. The gift wall provide permanent 
endowments for the Class of 1951 
Scholarship Fund and for a Humanism 
in Medicine program, the latter the idea 
of Dr. Henry M. Litchman '51, a mem- 
ber of the executive committee of the 
class. 

"Members of the class," Dr. Litch- 
man said, "felt that medical humanism 
was an area of study in \yhich the Uni- 
versity has the potential of being 



nahonally preeminent. The strong 
humanities heritage, the integrated 
faculty, and the basically innovative ap- 
proach to medical education are condu- 
cive to the development of a good pro- 
gram. 

"Some time back, the class execu- 
tive committee, in conjunction with 
the Brown administration, evolved a 
plan for a program on Humanism in 
Medicine. The program will provide a 
focal point for interaction between the 
Medical Program and other University 
programs in a fashion that will be 
stimulating to all participants. 

"The program will be supervised by 
the Division of Biological and Medical 
Sciences, but with an organizational 
framework that insures significant par- 
ticipation of the broader University 
community in the planning and im- 
plementation of the actual teaching 
effort." 

At the present time, it is planned 
that the program will have two major 
components. First will be the "scholars- 
in-residence" program, in which dis- 
tinguished scholars from the arts, 
humanities, and social sciences will 
spend one week each month in the 
Brown community. The second com- 
ponent will be the sponsorship of 
"medicine-humanities" options for 
those students in the undergraduate 
portion of the medical education pro- 
gram who are committed to medicine 
but who want to deepen that commit- 
ment with the humanizing value of a 
liberal arts education. 

The Scholarship Fund v\ill com- 
plete the development of an endow- 
ment started b\- the women's class in 
1951. The original fund was a memorial 
to Susan B. Wright, a gifted and popular 
classmate who died shortly after gradu- 
ation. 

Elwood E. Leonard, Jr., co-chair- 
man (with Mickey Israel Balaban) of 
the class gift committee, said, "By 
the end of March we had passed the 
$400,000 level on our total commitment 
to our class projects and to several other 
designations. But much has yet to be 
done. We are confident that we can 
reach the goal, but only if every member 
of the class will join us in giving. We 
will be making every possible effort to 
reach each classmate before our June 1 
deadline." 

The final report will be made at the 
Alumni Dinner, June 4. j.B. 



30 




Peg^tl Diivis Cro^hic: On lo Ptilo Alio. 

Success stories in the 
Resumed Education program 

D Mmw Diiartc emigrated to the 
United States from Portugal and ivorked m a 
Fall River, Massachusetts, mill until she 
learned enough English to take courses at 
Bristol (Mass.) Commuiiiti/ College at night. 
Ill 1973, she transferred to Brown as one of 
the Unii'ersitx/'s first resumed education 
students, graduating last June with a con- 
centration in Portuguese education. Maria is 
nozo a resource teacher in the Providence 
School S\/stein's bilingual education pro- 
gram. 

n leffrei/ Meek, a successful Massa- 
chusetts busiiiessiiian, decided a college de- 
gree would help him further his career. 
He enrolled in the resumed education pro- 
gram, studied American civilization, and re- 
turned to his former job fulltime after 
graduating in 1975. Currently an estimator 
and a purchasing agent with a company, Jeff 
has hopes of becoming a partner someday. 

n Originally a member of the Pem- 
broke class of 1966, Margaret Davis Crosbie 
dropped out of school and moved to Maine 
when she got married. SeiH'ral years later 
and by then a widow with two children to 
support, she signed up for the resumed edu- 
cation program and will become a Ph.D. 
candidate in counseling psychology at Stan- 
ford Universiti/ after she graduates this 
month. 

These are just a few of the success 
stories Brown's innovative Resumed 
Undergraduate Education (RUE) Pro- 
gram has made possible. Established in 
\h72 as a six-year experiment, the pro- 



gram was createcl to admit to degree 
candidacv people twenty-five vears of 
age or older, or those whose formal 
education has been interrupted for at 
least five vears. Associate Dean of the 
College Charlotte Lowney Tomas '57, 
director of RUE, says there are no re- 
sumed education programs in the Ivv 
League comparable to Brown's, \vhich 
allows both men and women to work 
toward a degree on either a full- or a 
part-time basis. 

Brown's program is part of a grow- 
ing trend, for U.S. Census Bureau 
statistics show that "gray-haired" un- 
dergraduates are becoming more and 
more common at colleges and univer- 
sities all over the countr\'. Older stu- 
dents led college enrollment jumps in 
the 1970s, according to the census- 
takers, and of the 9.9 million students 
in college last fall, 1 million, or roughh' 
10 percent, were thirtv-five or older. 

There are currentlv about seventy 
RUE students at Brown, two-thirds of 
them women and approximatelv 17 per- 
cent of them miimritx' students. Dean 
Tomas attributes the high percentage of 
women in the program to the fact that 
some women's life-styles allow them 
more time for a return educational en- 
gagement, and the fact that manv wom- 
en dropped out of school to get married. 
A number of the male RUE students are 
veterans who are pursuing a bachelor's 
degree on the G.l. Bill. While the major- 
ity of students have had some previous 
college experience — whether at Brown 
or elsewhere — people with onlv a high 
school degree are equally welcome. 
Two of the RUE students now at Brown, 
in fact, are twent\'-three-vear-old 
freshmen who finished high school and 
went to work at the age of eighteen. 

In order to receive a Brown di- 
ploma, RUE students with previous col- 
lege credit must complete a minimum of 
sixteen University courses — the equiv- 
alent of four semesters — and they 
may take as much time as they need to 
complete their degree requirements. 
About half of the students are enrolled 
part-time, although many increase their 
course loads to full-time status once 
they've become accustomed to studying 
and writing term papers again. The 
New Curriculum makes Brown particu- 
larly attractive to returning students be- 
cause they can tailor their academic 
programs to suit their own personal and 
career objectives without having to 
struggle with rigid language and dis- 
tribution requirements. 



The criteria for admitting students 
into the program differ from the 
University's regular admission proce- 
dure. College board scores are not re- 
quired and personal interviews count 
heavily. The decision to admit is based 
primarily on an applicant's experience, 
maturity, commitment, and academic 
potential. Unlike many resumed educa- 
tion programs, financial aid is available 
to all students, whether full- or part- 
time. 

Despite the bad press college de- 
grees have been getting lately (as in the 
recent Neivsweek cover story depicting 
two graduates in academic regalia 
wielding jack hammers and shovels at a 
construction site), an undergraduate 
degree is still a prerequisite for nearly all 
entry-level professional jobs. Dean 
Tomas says, "whether it's as a profes- 
sional Girl Scout executive, a Commu- 
nity Chest leader, or whatever." People 
who take advantage of the RUE pro- 
gram are obviously aware of this and 
the\' take their education very seriously. 
"I'm amazed at the courage these peo- 
ple have," she says, for nearly all have 
family or other responsibilities to cope 
with in addition to their studies. 

Because the RUE students have 
such diverse backgrounds (among those 
currently enrolled are a commercial art- 
ist, a music writer, several registered 
nurses, and a former Cambodian naval 
officer), they often bring a new and val- 
uable perspective to class discussions. A 
middle-aged mother of three who's tak- 
ing a course in family sociology, for ex- 
ample, isn't likely to remain silent if the 
class gets bogged down in a discussion 
of abstract role models, because she 
knows how drastically reality can differ 
from idealistic theory. 

Now in its third year, the RUE 
program has proved to be an academic 
success. Even though some of the stu- 
dents have been high-risk candidates — 
that is, people with poor high school 
preparation or an unsuccessful previous 
college experience — only one student 
has flunked out since the program's in- 
ception. Moreover, two of the eight ini- 
tial RUE students who graduated last 
June earned their degrees magna cum 
laude. "The students' academic success 
at Brown," says Dean Tomas, "is an 
extraordinary tribute to their self- 
motivation and tenacity as well as to 
their good humor and tlexibility." K.S. 



31 



)]p(D)fffe 




Captain Najic]/ Fuld shows the strain of a tough match — and the joy of a victon/. 



A dynasty in 
women's tennis? 

Not too long ago, little girls were 
taught that it was OK for them to hang 
b\' their knees, pitch hardball, and 
challenge boys to sprints around the 
block, as long as the\' outgrew this 
"tomboy" stage by the time they 
reached puberty. Although it was never 
stated explicitly, the message that was 
hammered into many youngsters' 
minds as effectively as the Pledge of 
Allegiance was this: after a certain age, 
girls are expected to become "ladies," 
and ladies are not athletic. Manv of the 
attributes associated with athletic en- 
deavor — competitiveness, calluses, 
sweat, and perhaps worst of all, mus- 
cular bodies — were considered the 
antithesis of soft, pink-skinned femi- 
ninity. 

But all of that changed with the 
emergence of the women's movement, 
coupled with a growing national con- 
cern for physical fitness in general. The 
stigma once attached to women's ath- 
letics is now lifting like a morning mist. 
Today's enlightened philosophy holds 
that a complete education — for girls as 
well as boys — requires the training of 
mind and body, and that a healthy body 
can foster better mental and emotional 
well-being. As a result of this new at- 



titude, girls of all ages are showing a 
greater interest than ever before in a 
variety of sports, and programs to meet 
their demands are being implemented 
across the country; school girls are now 
holding their own on some Little 
League teams, and female high school 
students in a number of states have won 
the right to participate with boys in 
noncontact team sports. Passage of Title 
IX of the U.S. Education Act Amend- 
ments opened the way for still further 
progress by forcing the elimination of 
long-standing inequities in many 
women's athletic programs, particularly 
at the college level, where generally 
large athletic budgets have been tilted 
toward male varsity sports. 

This nationwide push for improved 
athletic programs for women has had an 
impact at Brown as well. Five years ago, 
the Universitv had only four women's 
varsity teams and no junior varsity 
squads; this year, in contrast, women 
can choose from fifteen varsity and nine 
JV sports, and four new coaches have 
joined the women's athletic staff, bring- 
ing the total to fourteen (seven of whom 
are part-time). "The entire women's in- 
tercollegiate program," says Associate 
Director of Athletics Arlene Gorton '52, 
"is soaring high." 

While Gorton maintains that qual- 
ity programs for women are not a recent 
phenomenon at Brown, what is new. 



she says, is the tremendous resurgence 
of student interest in women's athletics. 
The statistics bear her out: the percent- 
age of women participating in intercol- 
legiate sports has increased tenfold over 
the past five years — from 2 percent in 
1970 to 20 percent this year. As a result, 
new women's varsity teams (including 
crew, lacrosse, squash, and basketball) 
have emerged at Brown, while existing 
teams have made headway in a number 
of significant areas, not the least of 
which are budget appropriations, level 
of competition, and degree of commit- 
ment among team members. 

One of the newly emerging dynas- 
ties in women's athletics at Brown, 
and a good example of the advances 
being made by women athletes, is the 
women's tennis team. Julie McClure 
'76, the team's second-ranked singles 
player since her freshman year, says she 
has witnessed the team's evolution over 
the past four years from "practically 
nothing" to what she now feels is a 
"very proficient program." Says Julie: 
"When 1 first came to Brown, the team 
was very disorganized. There were no 
matches and so little interest in tennis 
that people hardly even knew who was 
on the team." 

The situation was to change dra- 
matically, however. This fall, a record 
number of women (forty-six) competed 
for the twenty-four spots on the varsity 



32 



and JV squads, and the team is cur- 
rently considered "one of Brown's 
strongest teams, in terms of win-loss 
records," according to Arlene Gorton. 
They were undefeated in their 1974-75 
seasons and have won a total of thirty- 
eight games out of fortv-five plaved 
since the fall of 1973. The team has con- 
sistently ranked high in tournament 
play as well, finishing third in the Ivv 
League/Seven Sisters Invitaticmal last 
spring, and third (out of fort\-hvo 
schools) in last fall's New England 
Women's Intercollegiate Tournament. 

Unlike the men's tennis team, 
which plavs only in the spring, the 
women's team has a spring and a fall 
season. Their heaviest playing schedule 
is in the fall, and the season lasts from 
Freshman Week (when tryouts are held) 
through the beginning of November. 
During the annual tryouts. Physical 
Education Associate Joan W. Taylor, 
who coaches the team, sets up a round- 
robin tournament among potential team 
members to determine the players' 
ranking on the varsity and JV teams. 
Tryouts for the women's teams are a 
potluck affair, Joan Taylor explains, for 
unlike their male counterparts, the 
women's coaches have no way of know- 
ing ahead of time what athletic talent 
exists among the student body. Where- 
as the men can recruit team members 
among high schoolers, and male stu- 
dent applications are IBM-coded for 
sports interest and ability, the women's 
teams have to rely solely on "walk- 
ons," according to Coach Taylor. "We 
could have the best tennis player in the 
East here," she says, "and unless she 
tried out for the team, we'd never know 
it." 

Because of an athletic department 
ruling, women participating in winter 
sports cannot begin practicing their 
spring sport until the middle of March. 
This year, the ruling affected more than 
half of the varsity tennis team, for seven 
of them were involved in winter sports. 
The spring tennis season is further 
shortened by the annual spring vacation 
(which usually comes in April), al- 
though the team has recently used this 
time off to good advantage. Last year 
the women raised $400 (by running a 
food concession at a swim meet, show- 
ing movies, and raffling off a case of 
beer), and put the money toward the 
team's first organized spring tour. The 
top eight tennis players and Joan Taylor 
traveled in the official Brown University 
van to North Carolina that April to play 



Duke University, the University of 
North Carolina at Greensboro, and 
UNC at Chapel Hill. On their return 
trip, they stopped off in New Jersey to 
compete against Trenton State College 
and Princeton. 

Coach Taylor is pleased with the 
enthusiasm of her team members, who 
have had to pay for their own meals and 
contribute toward transportation costs 
during their vacation trips. (Lodging 
during the tours has been provided by 
parents and alumni.) "There was once a 
time when you couldn't keep a player 
here during spring break," she says, 
"but because the sport has grown, the 
women are willing to put out a little 
more and to be more competitive." Dur- 
ing this year's April vacation, the team 
played scrimmages against the Univer- 
sit\' of Pennsylvania, Trenton State Col- 
lege, and Princeton. 

Joan Taylor feels that improved 
secondary school programs are one 
reason the women are showing more of 
a commitment to competitive sports 
now. Not surprisingly, a number of 
Brown's best tennis players were mem- 
bers of their high school tennis teams. 
Team captain Nancy Fuld '76, whose 
father was captain of his Harvard tennis 
team, says she had to fight to join the 
boys' tennis team at her New York City 
high school because there was no girls' 
team. 

Playing an intercollegiate sport re- 
t]uires a good deal of self-discipline, and 
in addition to the scheduled practice 
sessions during the spring and fall sea- 
sons, the team members exercise on 
their own to stay in shape year-round. 
Many jog and do wind sprints, while 
Julie McClure swims half a mile a day in 
the Brown pool. Coach Taylor would 
like to schedule more practices, but says 

Julie McClure grimaces during 
a hsiiig match against Dartmouth. 




she is hampered by the University's lack 
of facilities. Brown and Cornell are the 
only schools in the Ivy League without 
indoor tennis courts, she explains, and 
in order to practice during cold or rainy 
weather, the team must rent time at 
local tennis clubs. "If Brown is going to 
remain competitive in the Ivy League 
and draw good players," the coach 
says, "we are going to need indoor 
courts. A girl interested in playing ten- 
nis will look at the facilities and perhaps 
choose a school with indoor courts." 

When the team competes against 
another school, it plays a maximum of 
six singles matches and three doubles, 
depending on the size of the other 
team. In singles competition, the 
number-one ranked Brown player 
(Nancy Fuld) competes against the 
number-one pla\'er on the opposing 
team, and so on down the line. In the 
Ivy League, the teams are allowed to 
"repeat" — that is, use the same players 
in both singles and doubles matches. 
Otherwise, Coach Taylor prefers to let 
as many women play as possible. After 
Nancy Fuld, the rank order of the var- 
sity players is as follows: Julie McClure, 
Jayne Gurland '77, Nancy Lewis '77, 
Sandy McDougall '77, Lynn Johnson 
'78, Joan Haffenreffer '77, Lynn Graham 
'76, Laurie Rocchio '78, Adrienne Mor- 
phy '79, Dorothy Whitmarsh '78, and 
Anne Lewis '79. 

Joan Taylor says she has noticed a 
growing team spirit during her four and 
a half years as coach. "At one time the 
players were interested in winning on 
their own," she says, "whereas now 
there's much more of a team effort." 
Practically echoing her words, several 
varsity players said they feel the best 
part of being on the tennis team has 
been the close friendships they've 
formed. Nancy Fuld, who has been on 
the tennis team for four years and who 
joined the basketball team her sopho- 
more year (when it was formed), says 
it's been interesting for her to compare 
her two team experiences. "Basketball is 
a real team sport, and tennis is consid- 
ered more of an individual sport," she 
says. "And yet I feel more of a team 
commitment to tennis than I do to bas- 
ketball. The friendships are much 
stronger." The ties are particularly close 
between Nancy and Julie McClure, who 
have played doubles together since 
their freshman year and who room to- 
gether. The first thing Nancy said, in 
fact, after defeating her Dartmouth op- 
ponent in Brown's first home match of 



33 



the spring season, was, "How's Julie 
doing?," and when Julie later lost her 
match and walked off the court on the 
verge of tears, Nancy protectively 
shielded her from photographer John 
Foraste's camera. 

While some of the women's teams 
have run into difficult\' sharing athletic 
facilities with the male athletes, the 
women's tennis team has had no prob- 
lem dividing the outdoor courts on 
Llovd Avenue equallv vvith the men. 
The men's and women's varsity teams 
each use three of the "upper" courts, 
while the two |V teams split the "lower" 
courts near Angell Street. Because the 
rules in tennis are the same for men and 
women, some of the women varsit\' 
players say they'd like to be able to play 
intercollegiate mixed cioubles. "We've 
done it on occasion, just for fun," savs 
Nancv Fuld, "and it's a much faster 
game than women's doubles." It's un- 
likely that a coed team will become a re- 
alit\' at Brown, however, because the 
men's and women's major tennis sea- 
sons don't coincide, and because there's 
a possibility that the women's spring 
season nia\' be dropped, particularly if a 
new academic calendar is adopted. 

Like most athletes, the tennis 
plavers enjoy watching their sport on 
TV, and each has her own favorite ten- 
nis star. For grace and athletic ability, 
Nancv Fuld casts her vote for Evonne 
Goolagong. "But I'll take Billie Jean 
King's psyche any day," she savs. "I 
admire her more than any other athlete 
— she's given so much to women's 
sports." V'Vhat did Nancv think of her 
heroine's win over Bobbv Riggs several 
years ago? "I thought it was great," she 
laughs. "I won a lot of dinners." K.S. 

Seiple's understatement: 
"It's definitely been 
a good year" 

Last summer, when Bob Seiple '65 
became the voungest athletic director in 
the Ivy League, he took an exceptionally 
positive stand at his press conference. 
"The fact that we're winning now is not 
an accident," he said. "But, we're not 
there yet. We're going to take that 5-4 
record in football and make it 9-0, we're 
going to take our recent comeback in 
hockev and turn it into a shot at the 
national championship." 

Through the end of the winter 
sports season, that prediction seemed to 
be holding up rather well. The football 



team brought fever-pitch excitement to 
the community and missed a tie for the 
Ivv title h\ seconds when Harvard 
managed to kick a wind-blown field 
goal to defeat Yale. And the hockey 
team did have a shot at the national title 
— finishing third at Denver after losing 
in double overtime in the opening game 
to Michigan Tech, the nation's number- 
one team. 

Perhaps even more impressive is 
Brown's overall record this year. At the 
end of March, Brown was running sec- 
ond in the composite Ivy League stand- 
ings for the sports in which the school 
participates. Onlv Princeton had been 
more successful in league play up to 
that point. 

From September through March, 
the Tigers had compiled a 41-18 overall 
record in the eight 1975-76 sports for 
which formal standings are tabulated. 
Princeton won the Ivy basketball title 
outright (14-0) and tied for the Eastern 
College swimming league champion- 
ship (7-1). 

Through the same period. Brown 
was 29-18-1. Brown does not compete 
against Ivy teams in three of Princeton's 
sports — wrestling, fencing, and 
squash. The Bruins won the hockey title 
(11-1), tied for first place in soccer (5-2), 
and, as we've said, missed a share of 
the football laurels (5-1-1) bv a half- 
game. 

Trailing Brown on a percentage 
basis were Harvard (33-29-1), Dart- 
mouth (30-28-1), Penn (33-32), Cornell 
(26-33), Columbia (16-23), and, in last 
place, Yale (24-39). 

There have been man\' other plus 
factors to Brown's sports program dur- 
ing the current academic year. Both the 
soccer and hockey teams were among 
the final four in the NCAA tourna- 
ments, split end Bob Farnham '77 was 
the number-one pass receiver in the na- 
tion, John Anderson was selected 
Coach of the Year in Rhode Island, 
quarterback Bob Bateman '76 was 
selected as a seventh-round pick b\' the 
Cincinnati Bengals in the professional 
football drafts, and Mike Wallace '77 
captured the New England wrestling 
championships in the 190-pound class. 

Also, Steve Ralbovsky '76 earned 
All- American honors in soccer, was 
voted the best senior player in the coun- 
tr\', and was a first-round draft choice. 
Bill Gilligan '77, a center, led the East in 
scoring and was named to the All- 
American hockey team. And Brian 
Saunders '77 led the Ivy League in bas- 




Alt-Aincncan soccer star Stciv Ralbovsky. 

ketball scoring. All of these athletes ex- 
cept Ralbovsky and Bateman will be 
back next fall. 

Athletic Director Seiple smiles 
when he talks about this record. "It's 
definitely been a good year," he says, 
"maybe the best in Brown's history, al- 
though it's always tough to compare 
these things. But there's something 
else. In a twelve-month period, we will 
have had the ABC television cameras on 
the campus four times. We had the 
Eastern regional football game with 
Harvard last fall, the NCAA swimming 
championships at our new pool this 
spring, the NCAA lacrosse champion- 
ships are coming up in June, and we 
have just received word that ABC will 
televise our opening football game with 
Yale next September as part of a double- 
or triple-header. 

"We had real good mileage out of 
the swimming championships," Seiple 
adds. "They were shown nationally on 
ABC's 'Wide World of Sports' on both 
Saturday and Sunday the following 
week, with side comments bv the an- 
nouncers about how our Brown Band 
was split between the swimming 
championships in Providence and the 
national hockey tournament in Denver. 
You just can't buy this sort cif publicity. 
There's no way you can measure the 
good that it does our recruiting pro- 
gram." 

When it comes to publicity for \'our 
sports program, sometimes you have to 
be lucky. Brown certainly got a "break" 
when Harry Farrar, sports columnist for 



34 



the Denver Post, took a special interest in 
the Brown hockey team after the way 
it battled the hockey powers in the 
NCAAs. Saluting Brown hockey and 
the Ivy League, he wrote: 

"The Ivy League, cradle of Ameri- 
can collegiate sports, inventor of 
modern football, and provider of the 
nation's first pantheon of campus ath- 
letic heroes, has no haven for jocks. 
Like its conference cousins. Brown Uni- 
versity gives its athletes the same kind 
of scholarships that other students re- 
ceive, all based on individual financial 
need. 

"All of Brown's varsity players 
work to help pay for their tuition, room, 
board, and books. They really do chores 
because annual tuition alone is $4,300. 
Just getting into Brown is a major 
academic achievement. Last fall, ap- 
proximately 10,000 applied for the 
freshman class of 1,200, and athletes 
took their chances along with the rest of 
the applicants. 

"There are no snap courses sneak- 
ily designed to keep athletes eligible 
with a minimum of educational chal- 
lenge. Brown's hockey players are ma- 
joring in such subjects as sociology, en- 
gineering, economics, mathematics, 
biology, and English. About 90 percent 
of Brown's students go on to graduate 
school, and the same percentage applies 
to the University's athletes. It isn't likely 
that you'll ever hear about a recruiting 
scandal at Brown. 

"In a collegiate sports world in 
which many athletes are hired appren- 
tices training for pro leagues, how did 
Brown's certified students manage to 
qualify for the current national tourna- 
ment at the University of Denver? Re- 
member, only four schools survived the 
playoffs and Brown isn't universally re- 
nowned as a hockey power. 

"Well, in addition to its 212-year 
history of academic excellence. Brown 
has quite a tradition in hockey. It had an 
ice-shinny team in 1898, nine years be- 
fore the National Hockey League was 
founded. Twelve years older than our 
nation. Brown is located in Providence, 
R.I., a city and state that produced re- 
bellious pioneers who battled religious 
and British establishments. Perhaps 
some of the gutsy character of pioneer 
Rhode Islanders has carried over into 
Brown's hockey team! 

"I'm fairly sure that Brown Univer- 
sity isn't a sinless Athens. It's a cinch 
that Brown won't rival Notre Dame as a 
sports colossus. But, as a bumpkin in 



young Colorado, I admire Brown's 
212-year history and its academic- 
athletic priorities." 

Columnist Farrar isn't a Brown 
alumnus. He says that he seldom even 
thought of Brown — until the NCAAs at 
Denver. But he was impressed with the 
way Coach Dick Toomey's hockey team 
battled highly favored Michigan Tech. 
Afterwards he talked to several mem- 
bers of the Brown party, including 
Toomey and Seiple. 

"Farrar was surprised at what we 
told him about the rigid academic re- 
quirements at Brown," Seiple says. 
"Then he became amazed that under 
those conditions we could still compete 
with the so-called hockey powers. The 
column that resulted should be placed 
in the Brown Athletic Hall of Fame." 

Success also brings some problems, 
however. One of Seiple's problems 
right now is finding ways to keep his 
top coaches at Brown. Last December, 
John Anderson was offered the head 
coaching job at the University of Vir- 
ginia, and Dick Toomey's name was 
mentioned when the Pennsylvania 
hockey coach resigned. 

But Seiple feels that the Univer- 
sity's "unique" atmosphere will keep 
high-caliber coaching at Brown. "It's a 
very pleasant place to be," he says. "We 
don't have the best athletic facilities, our 
endowment isn't the best, and at times 
the salaries for our coaches leave some- 
thing to be desired. Maybe it's partly 
because of some of these things that 
coaches at Brown seem to bind to- 
gether. Many of them fall in love with 
the place and just don't want to leave." 

Seiple feels Brown has superior 
coaching today in all sports. "Our 
coaches and our administrators don't 
take a back seat to anyone anymore," 
Seiple says. "No longer at Brown do 
you find us copying what Harvard, 
Yale, or Princeton does. We're doing 
our own thing, in our own way, and 
that's the way it should be. 

"The philosophy in our department 
now is to aim at being the best," Seiple 
adds. "If you shoot at being average, 
that's just where you're going to be — 
even in your good years. But if you 
shoot at being the best, then in your 
good years you will be the best and in 
your off years you'll be competitive. 

"Someone asked me this spring if I 
wasn't getting worried that Brown was 
winning too much. Well, I've never 
apologized for winning. I'm not afraid 
of winning too often, not as long as our 



program is philosophically sound." 

Seiple did cite other problems that 
success has introduced. "Back in 
March, I got a call from somebody in 
Minnesota. He had just seen our hockey 
team perform in Denver and he said, 
'You know those subfreshmen we were 
talking about? Well, I don't think they'd 
be able to make your team after all.' But 
these are problems I can live with," Sei- 
ple adds with a smile. 

In brief . . . 

Brown's new swimming pool got a 
name in March, just in time for the 
NCAA championships which were 
televised from there by ABC. Officially, 
it will be known as the Marjorie B. and 
H. Stanton Smith Swimming Center. 
For convenience, the media and others 
have dubbed it the Smith Swimming 
Center. 

H. Stanton Smith, a 1921 graduate, 
has served the University as a trustee, 
president of the Associated Alumni, 
and president of the Brown Club of 
Rhode Island. Mrs. Smith was physical 
education director at Pembroke from 
1922 to 1926 and was a member of the 
Extension Division faculty for twenty 
years. The Smith family (he is a retired 
textile manufacturer) has given nearly 
$1 million in gifts to the University. 

The fencing team showed sharp 
improvement under Coach Duncan 
Smith, posting a dual meet mark of 9-2, 
the second best in New England, and 
for the first time advancing to the New 
Englands. Much of the credit for the 
turnabout in fencing goes to a pair of 
graduate students, Steven Belcher and 
Josef Machac, the latter compiling a 22-7 
mark during the regular season. 

The women's fencing team did not 
have a good year, but Smith hopes for 
better things next winter. "I think fenc- 
ing is an excellent sport for women," he 
says. "It teaches balance, physical 
stamina, and, besides, it's fun. One of 
our objectives for next year is to build 
up this part of our overall program." 

Another objective — an annual ob- 
jective — is to build up the fencing 
treasury. Smith finds himself betwixt 
and between — an increasing interest in 
fencing on one hand and a hold-the-line 
(at best) budget on the other. As head of 
a club sport, he is free to accept dona- 
tions, which should be mailed to him 
(with "alacrity and dispatch," he says) 
at Box E, Brown University. /.B. 



35 



TM 




irnttcii bit jail Barry 



n/l Elisha Mown/, now a resident 
yj^t of Duxburv, Mass., sends word 
that he is "well, busy, and contented." He 
urges friends nearby or traveling through to 
visit him, after calling first. 

rf^Q Stu Biigbcc suffered a broken hip 
\J 3^ last Dec. 29 and is currently at 
Halhvorth House on Benefit Street, Provi- 
dence. "If all goes well," he says, "I hope to 
be home shortly." 

Theodore Lochart Paul and his wife, 
Abbie, are living at the Sunshine Nursing 
Home, 12 Benton St., Stoneham, Mass. 
02180. They moved there late last summer 
from their long-time residence in Reading, 
Mass. 

"l ^ Willumi £. Sprackhiig and his wife, 
J.^ Mar\', are living at 218 North Oak- 
hurst, Beverly-Hills, Calif. 90210. "All the 
news is good news," says Brown's onlv 
three-time Ail-American. "After mv last 
checkup, the doctor said, 'You're in great 
shape. Good for 100.' Put me in, coach!" 



Thoinii^ F. Black, jr., has been re- 
elected a director of the Providence 



19 

Journal Co. 

^/t Dr. G. Hakei/ Hunt reports that 
^ jE the Hunts are "alive, reasonably 
well, and enjoying the climate along with old 
and new friends." Their address: 16487 
Gabarda Rd., Rancho Bernardo, San Diego, 
Calif. 92128. 

Philips Sauinicrf is the new president of 
the Ivy League Club of Sarasota, Bradenton, 
and Venice, Fla. Boasting more than 300 
members, the club holds biweekh' meetings 
throughout the sear. 

Phyllif Stanlni Sk'phens moved into her 
new home at 156 Meeting St., Providence, 
late in April following her return from her 
\s inter home at 1450 Estero Blvd., Fort Myers 
Beach, Fla. 33931. She extends an invitation 
to all classmates to visit her at either home 
when they are in the vicinity. 

^/T £. /. "lack" Notlei/ was in Panama 
^^\J last year on his fourth assignment 
for the International Executive Service 
Corps. Jack lives in Vero Beach, Fla. 

^ ^T "Am in my ninth year of retire- 
J^ / ment," Christopher Cunderson 
writes from West Chatham, Mass. "Still 
car\'ing shore birds for folks who enjoy 
them. Our eldest grandson has already 
chosen Brown." 

L. Thomas Maymird, jr.. writes that for 
the past fourteen years he and his wife have 
spent six months each year in Florida and the 
rest of the year in Warwick, R.I., "watching 
boats, bathers, and birds on Greenwich 
Bay." 

]ohu A. Tn\ilor retired in 1972 as New Jer- 
sey state manpower coordinator for public 
welfare after thirt\'-eight years of employ- 
ment by that state. He and his wife live in 
Whiting, N.]., "where there are all sorts of 



activities available or shunable — your 
choice. I plan to attend my 50th reunion 
when the time comes, preferably as a walk- 
in." 

Stewart Udell is living in retirement at 
Patchogue, N.Y., and keeping busy with a 
variety of civic activities, including voluntary 
work in the library of the local hospital. His 
address in Patchogue: 40-138 West 4th St. 

Edw}ii Albert Whitehouse retired twelve 
years ago and moved to Marion, Mass., 
where he's been active in civic affairs. He's 
served seven years on the personnel board of 
the communitN', five of those years as chair- 
man. He's also been a trustee of Tobey Hos- 
pital in Wareham for six years, the last three 
as president. 

/. Arnold Yates says that he retired for the 
second time at the end of the \'ear, this time 
from Security-Connecticut Life of Avon, 
Conn. "Expect to continue work as a consult- 
ing actuary," he says. He and his wife reside 
on Talcott Notch Rd., Farmington, Conn. 

^Q Di\-u'ell Goff. a resident of Rum- 
^iV? ford, R.I., is "very much occu- 
pied" in his retirement, rebindingand restor- 
ing rare books at his home. He calls his busi- 
ness the Jumbo Hand Bindery. 

Associate Justice Thomas /. Paoliito of the 
Rhode Island Supreme Court has been ap- 
pointed to the board of trustees of St. 
Joseph's Hospital, Providence. 

^f| Pavul Aldrich has been appi>inted 
^m^ by Mayor Vincent Cianci of Provi- 
dence to the Architectural Revievy Board of 
the Office of Community Development. 

Ronald Brogden and his wife, both re- 
tired, are building a home on Barber's Pond 
in South Kingstown, R.I. "Maybe vye are 
crazy building at our age," he savs, "but it is 
fun planning and the home will be a great 
place for the grandchildren to visit. Our son. 
who has been in Taiwan for three years with 
RCA, is bringing home with him a three- 
year-old Chinese girl, which svill make seven 
granddaughters for us. No grandsons for 
Brown as yet." 

Elston Cuddeback. now retired, and his 
wife live in Columbia, Md. 

/. .Ambrose Deadxi has been semi-retired 
since 1972 when he was terminated by Syl- 
vania Electronics Systems' Western Division, 
where he had been technical program man- 
ager on the Minuteman missile system for 
some ten years. He's now living at 30 Uni- 
versity Dr., Menlo Park, Calif. "I came to 
California in 1962," he says, "having re- 
signed from my position as chairman of the 
technical department of Central High in 
Newark, N.J. At present, I am leaching 
part-time in the science department of the 
Woodside Priory School of the Benedictine 
Catholic Order, founded by Hungarian 
priests who escaped from Hungary in the 
takeover of that countr\' by the Russians 
twenty years or so ago. 1 teach physics and 
technical drawing to the seniors and physical 
science to the seventh graders." He and his 
wife, Grace, have three daughters. 



Franklin Gamwell reports that he has re- 
tired and is living at 333 Briarwood Dr., 
Winter Park, Fla. 32789. 

Pembertou Killeen has retired from the 
U.S. Geological Survey, where he was a di- 
vision manager. He lives in Arlington, Va. 

^t"! Stanton P. Nickersoii, public re- 
J JL lations editor and writer in New 
York City since 1946, has retired as corporate 
communications editor for Sperrv Rand 
Corp. Stan is busy with editorial assign- 
ments for The Alexander Hamilton Institute 
and other part-time employers. 

]anu's Sanek of Pawtucket, R.I., is a man- 
ufacturers' agent and wire mill consultant. 

Arthur B. Schtveikart retired in 1975 as 
mortgage officer with First Federal Savings & 
Loan Association of Providence. He's living 
at 63 Parkside Dr., Warvyick, R.I. 02888. 

Douglas M. Stewart and his wife spent a 
week in Mexico City last fall on their way 
home from a trip to Honduras. "While we 
were there," Doug savs, "we were enter- 
tained hvHenn/ Bony-Camard, now knovyn as 
big. Enrique Gatnard. and his lovely wife, who 
have lived in that city for many years. Now 
retired from his engineering work there, 
Henry is the author of a book. Amor, vyidely 
distributed in Mexico and South America." 

^^ Charles R. McMauus is a columnist 
J^ (or The Elder, a New Haven -based 
periodical dealing with the problems of 
aging. He had been emplosed as a social 
worker in the state welfare office in Bridge- 
port and, most recently, was a consultant 
and grants management officer for the Con- 
necticut Department of Aging. He and his 
wife, Anne, live in Milford, Conn. 

Dr. Sanniel M. Nabrit (Ph.D.) repre- 
sented Brown at the inauguration of Man- 
ning M. Pattillo, Jr., as president of Ogle- 
thorpe University in Atlanta last Oct. 18. 

^^ The Rev. Prescott L. Laundrie is 
J J priest-in-charge of St. Mark's 
Episcopal Church, Jamesville, NY. He re- 
sides in Favetteville, N.Y. 

'2/1 Paul B. Chancy retired in April 
w^TI 1975 after twentv-seven years with 
Caltex Petroleum Corp., New York City. 
"My wife, Elsie, had died in March of that 
year," he says, "and shortly thereafter 1 
moved from Dobbs Ferry, N.Y., to my new 
address at 411 Avenida Granada, San 
Clemente, Calif." 

O /^ Ruth Ln'y. casework supervisor 
>30 with the Rhode Island Institute of 
Mental Health, and Bc(j Alm/,j);s, co-ordinator 
for the work incentive program of the Rhode 
Island Department of Employment Security, 
are serving as reunion chainnan and reunion 
gift chaimian, respectively, for the class. 



36 



'2^7 Prof. Pavid F. Condon, ]r.. is 
>J I chairman of the admissions com- 
mittee of the International School of Law in 
Washington, DC. He also teaches courses in 
torts, legal history, and evidence. 

Frederick '■Fritz" Pollard, jr., a State De- 
partment official in Washington, D.C., was 
among eight former University of North 
Dakota athletic stars recently inducted into 
that school's athletic hall of fame. He trans- 
ferred from Brown to North Dakota, where 
he was named to the Little All-American 
football team in I'^SS. Fritz, son of Brown's 
All-American, Frederick D. Pollard '20, won a 
bronze medal as a member of the U.S. 
Olympic track team in 1936. 

^^r^ Richard W. Horton, a resident of 
TIV/ Novato, Calif., is vice-president of 
Allendale Mutual Insurance Co. in San Fran- 
cisco. 

josepth /. Terranella is superintendent of 
dyeing and finishing at Velvet Textile Corp., 
Blackstone, Va. 

/I "l Willtani H. Collins, general mana- 
^t J. ger of Bethlehem Steel's shipyard 
at Sparrows Pt., Md., for the past six years, 
retired Jan. 31, concluding more than thirty- 
four years of service with the corporation. He 
is living in Hingham, Mass. 

Hans j. Epstein is living in Ticino, Switz- 
erland. "As a retired American civil serv- 
ant," he says, "1 continue to live with my 
family in southern Switzerland, devoting 
myself almost exclusively to the study of 
butterflies. With my two sons and our best 
Italian and German friends, I am preparing 
an entomological expedition into the Nepal 
Himalayas, where this summer we expect to 
collect butterflies." 

Nonnan Hibbert is working in Lagos, 
Nigeria, as resident engineer with Sverdrup 
& Parcel Associates, Inc. 

Gilbert S. Panson, professor and chair- 
man of the department of chemistry at the 
Rutgers College of Arts and Sciences in 
Newark, has been named dean of the Rut- 
gers Graduate School. He is one of the 
founders of graduate study at the Newark 
campus of Rutgers. In the early 1940s, Pro- 
fessor Panson served as a research scientist 
on the Manhattan Project at Oak Ridge, 
Tenn. Later, he taught at Hobart before join- 
ing Rutgers in 1946. He earned both his 
master's and doctoral degrees at Columbia. 

Margaret Donovan Peterson's daughter, 
Susan Mary, who graduated from Provi- 
dence College last May, is a student in the 
School of Library Sciences at Simmons Col- 
lege. Margaret lives in Lincoln, R.I. 

/\^ Beniainin H. Ballard, jr.. is pres- 
TX^ ident of the B. H. Ballard Co., Inc., 
marine manufacturer's representatives, with 
offices in Seattle, Wash., Sausalito, Calif., 
and Costa Mesa, Calif. 

Aldo S. Bernardo is professor of Italian 
and comparative literature in the department 
of romance languages at the State University 
of New York at Binghamton. He's living in 
Johnson City, N.Y. 

Elmer M. Blistein, professor of English at 
Brown, wrote a two-word reply to a request 
for news about himself, saying, "Aw 
g'wan." 

Dr. Edward M. Daniels has been pro- 



moted to associate clmical professor of 
psychiatry at the Harvard Medical School. 

Dr. Charles A. Leach has ended his pri- 
vate practice of pediatrics to become director 
of the Immediate Care Facility, Henry Ford 
Hospital, Satellite Clinic, Dearborn, Mich. 

The Rev. /. Robert Oij'cn, ]r.. has been 
reappointed to a second two-year term as 
dean of the Chicago-West Deanery of the 
Episcopal Diocese of Chicago. 

Thomas O. Paine, senior vice-president 
with General Electric Co., has been awarded 
the John Fritz Medal for 1976, bestowed by 
the engineering profession for notable 
scientific or industrial achievement. Dr. 
Paine, former head of NASA, was cited for 
"inspiring perspective in humanity through 
space exploration program leadership that 
contributed to successes of Apollo and other 
pioneering missions." He joined NASA as 
deputs' administrator in Washington, D.C., 
in 19(i8 and was administrator in 1969-70 
when the United States made its first voyage 
through space to land on another planet. 

Thornton M. Richards is working at the 
New Bedford (Mass.) Whaling Museum, 
where he is listed as the "scrimshaw artist." 

William /. Roberts is serving on the board 
of directors of the Lake Forest Symphony 
Community Music Assoc, Lake Forest, III. 
He's also chairman of the Illinois Friends of 
the American Farm School in Thessaloniki, 
Greece. 

George C. Rose is with Raytheon Educa- 
tional Systems Co. in Teheran, Iran, where 
he directs a technical training program. His 
son, Stci'c. is a freshman at Brown. 

Dr. A. Wilber Stci'ens is professor of 
humanities at the University of Nevada in 
Las Vegas. 

David G. Stone (Sc.M.) has retired as 
president of Stone, Young & Co., a New Jer- 
sey firm of consulting actuaries. He is now 
executive secretary of Africa Evangelical Fel- 
lowship, Glen Ridge, N.J., a missionary so- 
ciety that has workers in eight countries of 
southern Africa. Dave is living in Caldwell, 
N.J. 

Henry F. Tiugley, ]r., has been elected a 
director of Industrial National Bank, Provi- 
dence, where he also serves as executive 
vice-president. He has been chairman of the 
bank's credit policy committee since 1971. 

/i^^ Doris Fain Hirsch and her husband, 
AX Norton Hirsch. report the birth of 
their first grandchild, Joshua David, son of 
John Hirsch "74 and his wife, Suzi. 

Leonard S. Rogers has been promoted to 
president of the Western Merchandise Mart 
in San Francisco. He has been associated 
with the furniture industry for sixteen years 
and has been on the West Coast since 1972. 

/I P" Dr. Simon Horenslein is chairman 
T1 J of the department of neurology at 
St. Louis University and chief of a newly 
dedicated spinal cord injury unit at the St. 
Louis Veterans Hospital. 

Lawrence L. Okerblom is principal en- 
gineer with Polaroid Corp. of Cambridge, 
Mass., and is living in.Framingham. 

The class of '45 extends its sympathy to 
Dorothy Dunn Pillsbury. Providence, on the 
death of her son, Randall, on Nov. 23, 1975. 

Jerome B. Rose, a resident of Tampa, Fla., 
is director of eastern and Caribbean opera- 



tions for Quaker Oil Corp. of Tampa. 

Henry D. Sharpe, Jr.. has been re-elected 
a director of the Providence Journal Co. 

/\£L Robert W. fahn is marketing direc- 
TIvJ tor for M.O.R.E. Services, Inc., 
Fort Lauderdale, Fla., a real estate firm. 

H. Wilson Johnson, jr., is working in 
Houston, Texas, as senior staff research 
chemist with Shell Development Co. His 
home is in Sugar Land, Texas. 

Dr. Edu'in M. Knights, jr.. a resident of 
Bloomfield Hills, Mich., has been named 
director of Bio-Sciences Laboratories of 
Michigan. 

Robert H. Porter is director of the V^^n 
Cortlandt Mansion and Museum, Riverdale, 
N.Y. 

/\^^ .\lbert D. Crowell has resigned as 
TX / chairman of the department of 
physics at the University of Vermont after 
fourteen years in that position. He plans to 
continue with his teaching and research as a 
professor of physics at the university. 

Comdr. Kenneth W. Gavitt. USNR(Ret.), 
is director of the Tucson Association for the 
Blind, a rehabilitation center for blind adults 
He's now living at 8820 East Cooper, Tucson, 
Ariz. 85710. 

^^Q Nancy Cantor Eddy, a watercolorist, 
TtO was a participant in a three- 
woman art show at the Copley Society in 
Boston during May. Nancy and her hus- 
band. Bill, live in Framingham Center, 
Mass. 

Bill Golden has been appointed vice- 
president/manufacturing for Seamco Sport- 
ing Goods Co. of La Grange, Ga. 

Theresa Mastrangelo Mahoney is teaching 
language and literature at the junior high 
level in Fitchburg, Mass. 

James D. Watt of Worcester, Mass., has 
been elected president of the Amherst Sav- 
ings Bank, Amherst, Mass. Jim holds a 
master's in business administration from the 
Harvard Business School. 

^O '''"''''' ^- S''/'",?s, Jr., represented 
ri^ Brown at the Centennial Convoca- 
tion at Brigham Young University last Oct. 
10. 

Walter Lada is vice-president of Corner & 
Lada, Inc., Cranston, R.I. President of the 
firm is Walter's classmate, Ernie Corner. 

fames E. Ryan represented Brown at the 
inauguration of The Rev. Edmond Ryan, 
S.J., as president of Seattle University last 
Oct. 17. 

William Steinecke. jr.. of Greenfield, 
Mass., is chairman of the English depart- 
ment at Frontier Regional High School in 
South Deerfield, Mass. 

CO Mildred Goodspeed Bentsen is di- 
^KJ rector of communications and 
program services with Indiana School Boards 
Assoc, Indianapolis. She earned her B.S. at 
State University of New York in 1968, her 
M.S. from Butler University four years later, 
and her Ed. D. in school administration from 
Indiana University in 1975. 

George R. Blessing is a human resources 
administrator with County College of Morris 
in Dover, N.J. 

Murray S. Danforth, jr., has been named 



37 



vice-president for financial affairs and treas- 
urer of the Rhode Island School of Design. 
He has been a trustee of the school since 
1952. 

Martha Mai/r Linden, an accountant, is 
assistant to the controller at Olympic Adhe- 
sives. Inc., Norwood, Mass. She is a resident 
of Stoughton, Mass. 

William H. McCraw has been appointed 
manager of the Wakefield office of Rhode Is- 
land Hospital Trust National Bank, Provi- 
dence. A Jamestown, R.I., resident, he 
joined the bank in 1950 as a commercial 
trainee. 

Robert A. Robinson ('52 A.M.) is president 
of the Church Pension Fund and Affiliates of 
New York City. 

An'in C. Teschner is general manager for 
retail sales with B.P. Oil, Inc., Wilmington, 
Del. He's living in Chadds Ford, Pa. 

^Z'i Eliott G. Emerson and his wife, 
J A Eldrine French Emerson '52, have a 
son, Matthew, who is a freshman at Brown. 
The Emersons live in Melrose, Mass. 

Clifford S. Gnffi)i, professor of history at 
the University of Kansas, was one of five 
faculty members at KU named outstanding 
educators by the university's Torch Chapter 
of Mortar Board. A member of the depart- 
ment of history at KU since 1959, Professor 
Griffin teaches courses in U.S. history, with 
a specialty in courses about the Civil War. He 
has written a number of historical articles 
and is the author of the book. Vie Universiti/ 
of Kansas: A Histori/. His A.M. and Ph.D. de- 
grees came from the University of Wisconsin 
in 1953 and 1957, respectively. Professor 
Griffin received the Standard Oil Foundation 
Award for Excellence in Teaching in 1970. 

Parker D. Handy of Fairfield, Conn., has 
joined City National Bank of Bridgeport in 
the marketing area. He was the founder and 
chairman of Ducks Unlimited of Eastern 
Fairfield County, is a member of the board of 
directors of Connecticut Waterfowlers 
Assoc, and is a life member of the National 
Skeet Shooting Assoc. Parker and his wife, 
Sally, have five daughters. 

Mary Sullwau Hanlei/'s son, Timothy, is a 
midshipman third class at the U.S. Naval 
Academy. 

Myron /. Leivis is president of Lewis, 
Looks, Inc., textile brokerage firm in New 
York City. He is a resident of Closter, N.J. , 
where he is a town council member. He and 
his wife, Barbara, have a son and a daughter 

Marjorie Mahoney and Arthur E. Casey, 
Jr., were married last July and are residing in 
Providence, where Marge continues as a 
teacher at Hope High. 

Vincent H. Ponko, Jr., is dean of the 
School of Humanities and professor of his- 
tory at California State College, Bakersfield, 
Calif. 

Suzanne Osborne Shea, president of Vid- 
eoway Corporation, a video production serv- 
ice in Manhasset, N.Y., was named Woman 
of the Month in the "How America Lives" 
section of the February Ladies' Home Journal. 
Sue and her partner, Kay Delaney, formed 
Videoway three years ago. Some of their re- 
cent assignments have included the National 
Football Association's Annual Awards Din- 
ner, where they taped President Ford, Bob 
Hope, and John Wayne; the All-American 
Collegiate Golf Foundation Dinner at which 



they interviewed Evel Knievel and Howard 
Cosell; and hundreds of golf tournaments for 
corporate clients such as AT&T, Hertz, and 
the Ladies' Home Journal. 

David R. Yeaton is with the group divi- 
sion of Aetna Life Insurance Co. in Phoenix, 
Ariz., a firm he has been with since grad- 
uation. Dave and his wife, residents of 
Scottsdale, have three sons, ages 20, 18, and 
15. 

[" ^ Eldrine French Emerson and her 
^^m husband, Ehott '51, have a son, 
Malthno, who is a freshman at Brown. The 
Emersons live in Melrose, Mass. 

Herman F. Eschenbacher (A.M.) rep- 
resented Brown at the inaugurarion of Ken- 
neth G. Ryder as president of Northeastern 
University last Oct. 28. 

[T O Arthur F. O'Day, vice-president- 
JkJ real estate for Associated Dry 
Goods Corp., a nationwide chain of retail 
department and discount stores, has been 
appointed president of Adcor Realty Corp., 
Associated's wholly owned real estate sub- 
sidiary. Arthur and his wife, Sally, reside in 
Chappaqua, N.Y., with their five daughters. 
G«i7 is a freshman at Brown and another 
daughter is attending Hartwick College. 

C /I The Rev. Charles D. Lake repre- 
J Jt sented Brown at the inauguration 
of Donald C. Ziemke as president of Mis- 
souri Vallev College last Oct. 10. 

Barbara Casparian Sarkesian, a former 
school teacher, is a free-lance writer and lives 
in a rural section of North Scituate, R.I. She 
specializes in articles on history and nature. 

Gordon F. Udall, jr., of North Kingstown, 
R. I. , has been elected to the board of trustees 
of the South County Museum. He is vice- 
president and general manager of Graham 
Manufacturing Co. of East Greenwich. Gor- 
don and his wife, Polly, have three children. 

Robert P. Watelet has been appointed en- 
gineering manager of implantable energy 
systems with the Thermo-Electron Corp., 
Waltham, Mass. He is a registered profes- 
sional engineer in both Massachusetts and 
California. 

C d Elizabeth Anne Gwaltney is coordi- 
J J nator of the learning disabilities 
program in the school system of Melrose, 
Mass. 

Walter M. Juergens is controller of Bendix 
International Division of Bendix Corp., 
Southfield, Mich. He lives in Birmingham, 
Mich. 

Wi7/is H. Riccio. former chief counsel for 
the Boston Regional Office of the U.S. Se- 
curities and Exchange Commission, has been 
appointed assistant regional administrator in 
charge of regulation. He has been with the 
commission since 1958, joining them as an 
attorney in the Division of Corporation 
Finance in Washington, D.C. 

[I? /T Edward A. Fuschctti has been ap- 
Cxv/ pointed district director of the 
American Society for Personnel Administra- 
tion (ASPA), the largest professional society 
in the world "devoted exclusively to human 
resource management." Ed is director of in- 
dustrial relations for C-E Air Preheater, 
Wellsville, N.Y., and Marion, N.C. 



Sally McCarthy Kolber and her family, 
who left South America in 1974, now live in 
Littleton, Colo., where her husband. Herb, is 
president of Aetna Finance Division of ITT. 

Jack D. Samuels has moved to Beverly 
Hills, Calif., where he is vice-president and 
secretary of Filmways, Inc., handling the 
firm's legal affairs. 

C ^ Patricia Checcia Abbatomarco is 
J / an elementary resource teacher at 
the Gordon School in East Providence, R.I. 

Ruth Schulz Cottrell and her husband, 
Stei'e Cottrell, have moved to Palo Alto, Calif. 
Steve is production manager at Kenex in Bur- 
lingame, Calif. Ruth is production editor at 
Cummins Publishing. 

Marilyn Tarasieioicz Erickson is associate 
professor of psychology at the University of 
North CaroUna at Greensboro. She's a 
member of the board of the Greensboro 
Cerebral Palsy School. 

John Hale, professor and chairman of 
psychology at Fort Lewis College, Durango, 
Colo., has been accepted as a member of the 
American Academy for Professional Law En- 
forcement. He coordinates a Fort Lewis 
College program for students interested in 
criminal justice. John served as a Colorado 
mounted ranger for five years and is now a 
reserve police officer for the city of Durango. 

Peter j. Hottitscher has been promoted to 
vice-president of Walter E. Heller & Co. of 
New York, Inc. He will continue as a com- 
mercial lending officer with loan portfolio re- 
sponsibilities in New York, New Jersey, 
Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and 
Virginia for his firm, which is a subsidiary of 
Walter E. Heller International Corp., one of 
the nation's largest commercial financing 
companies. Peter and his wife and two chil- 
dren live in Morristown, N.J. 

/i)/i)i Lyden. a resident of Tarrytown, 
N.Y., has been with the New York Stock 
Exchange since 1966, most recently as 
market-maker on the floor for Robb, Tech, 
McCooey & Co., Inc. He and his wife, 
Rosemarie, have four children. 

Mary Baylei/ Pickard of Stamford, Conn., 
is regional director and a member of the na- 
tional steering committee of the National 
Alumni Schools Program. She and her 
husband. Art Pickard, are serving as co- 
presidents of the Fairfield County Brown 
Club. 

Peg Boyle Tally and her husband. Bill, 
report the birth of Joy Elizabeth in January 
1975. Mane is 3, Billy, 10, and Meg, 11. Peg 
returned to teaching as an elementar\' learn- 
ing disabilities teacher in Bellingham, Mass., 
last fall. Bill is chairman of the French de- 
partment at Roxbury-Latin School, Boston. 

[jrQ Emily Waters Forlnum represented 
JO Brown at the inauguration of Mar- 
garet Waggoner as president of Wilson Col- 
lege last Sept. 27. 

Bernard Masterson (A.M.) has founded 
Backstage E.T.C. (which stands for Educa- 
tional Theater Center) with offices at 102 
Waterman St., Providence. A schoolteacher 
in Providence, Bernard is serving as vice- 
president of the new company. He is also 
vice-president of the Young People's School 
for the Performing Arts in Seekonk, Mass. 

Martin L. Ritter is president of Ritter 
Food Corp. of Elizabeth, N.J., a major in- 



38 



EdzuiiJ Tiiller 
believes in 
''blooming where 
you're planted" 

For a man whose undergraduate degree 
is in economics, preaching at the American 
Church in Paris on the fashionable Quai 
d'Orsav seems an unusual occupation. But 
for Dr. Edwin TuUer '35, who believes in 
"blooming where vou're planted" (the title 
of the most recent newcomers' orientation 
series sponsored bv the church), it isn't un- 
usual at all. 

"I've been in church administration for 
the last thirtv-two years," he savs. "The 
major aspect of mv work back in the '30s was 
in labor relations during the AFL-CIO com- 
pany-union debates. I took final honors in 
economics and wrote mv thesis on collective 
bargaining in American industry." 

Laughing, he tries to square this with his 
church work. "I knew even before I went to 
Brown that I was going into the ministry. 
Funny thing, though, as a youngster I said 
there were two things I would never do 
when I got on my own — become a minister 
or go to church every Sunday. Then, when I 
was in high school, during a church summer 
program I changed mv mind. I've never wa- 
vered from it since. But because I thought in 
terms of working with a local congregation 
— becoming its minister — I figured that if I 
were going to preach I'd need to know about 
the real world in which most of mv congrega- 
tion lived. I decided I needed a well-rounded 
B.A. before going on to theological school. 

"Brown gave me the opportunity to 
prove myself. I worked my way through — it 
was during the Depression — but I found 1 
could enter into a lot of activities [six major 
varsity letters, editor-in-chief of the year- 
book, Cammarian Club, fraternity president, 
etc.] and still do an academic job. It gave me 
the confidence I needed to tackle almost any- 
thing that was presented to me." Admitting 
that early in his academic career his high 
school principal in West Hartford, Conn., 
didn't think he could make it through col- 
lege, he chuckles, "I guess I also proved to 
him that if I put my mind to it I could do it." 
("Getting through" turned out to mean Phi 
Beta Kappa, magna cum laude, honors in 
economics, a coveted scholarship.) 

Instead of church work with a local con- 
gregation. Dr. Tuller has practiced what he 
preaches bv blooming nearly everywhere 
else. "After graduation from seminary I came 
to Paris to study at the Protestant theological 
school, taking all of mv work in French, of 
course. 1 had had no French at Brown or in 
seminary. It was really something!" 

His ship for home sailed six days early 
when World War II broke out. Uprooted, Dr. 



Tuller suddenly found himself planted in a 
large downtown church in Washington, 
D.C., where he was assistant pastor for four 
and one-half years. "Mv job was to work 
with the young people who vsere crowding 
the town, coming in to work in the offices 
and such, to try to help them. Some of them 
found the freedom of being on their own was 
too much and they blew their tops. We had 
to send some of them home." 

His administrative work since then has 
included being assistant secretary and direc- 
tor of Christian education for the Baptists in 
the state of Connecticut, general secretary of 
the Connecticut Council of Churches, head 
of Baptist work in Massachusetts, associate 
general secretary of the American Baptist 
Convention in New York City, and general 
secretary of the same organization in New 
York and in Vallev Forge, Pennsylvania. Fi- 
nally, for the past five years (he will retire 
this summer) he's been pastor of a "local" 
church — the American Church in Paris. It is 
international and interdenominational, the 
first American church on foreign soil. 

As a partial ("by no means complete") 
index of what the American Church in Paris 
offers the community, Dr. Tuller recites this 
list: "We have a gym, a theatre, a combina- 
tion dining room-concert hall-meeting room, 
a library, a lounge, church-school rooms, 
and apartments for a pastor, assistant pastor, 
theologian in residence, intern, and superin- 
tendent. But if the building were used only 
for Americans or for members of the church, 
it would stand idle most of the time because 
it is so spacious. Therefore we've made it 
available to about forty different groups, 
mostly French ones, who need space for 
their activities. We have karate, gymnastics, 
basketball, volleyball, badminton groups. 
There are groups for mentally retarded chil- 
dren. We're headquarters for Alcoholics 

Dr Tuller ftninls in front of hii Parif cliurclt. 




Anonymous for all of France. In fact, the AA 
began here in 1952. The American College is 
here — it's an accredited four-year college. 
We have Club de I'Age d'Or, a club for re- 
tired people, and two nursery schools. 
There's also Recovery Incorporated, a group 
similar to AA for people with mental prob- 
lems, a Meals-on-Wheels, and a hot-line for 
young people in trouble." 

Dr. Tuller now has only a small staff, 
consisting of himself ancl an assistant pastor. 
Between them they handle all the normal 
functions of the church — marriages, funer- 
als, baptisms, the weekly sermons. (Often 
the marriages involve cooperation with the 
local Catholic priest for Protestant-Catholic 
nuptials.) 

"We manage because we don't attempt 
to direct all the programs," he says. "Our job 
is to coordinate them and make sure the 
facilities needed are available at the time they 
need them. Right now it does occupy a good 
bit of my time because I had to take over 
when the man who had been doing it died 
suddenly. I had to simplify the procedure — 
actually to set up a whole new svstem. My 
work in administration made me more capa- 
ble to handle such a job than a fellow without 
my background. He wouldn't have known 
where to start." 

The most difficult part of his job is that 
each year or so they have to start over. 
"There is a constant turnover. We lose half of 
our members every year. They come for an 
average of two years, then go back home." In 
an effort to ease this problem and to get to 
know members more quickly, they hold a 
dinner, open to everyone, every Sunday. 
They also have an active women's group, 
which conducts the church's popular orien- 
tation program during the month of October, 
offering advice to people new to Paris on 
such matters as where to shop, what cuts of 
meat to buy, and how to use the telephone, 
as well as on numerous other problems that 
plague new residents. 

Under Dr. Tuller's administration, the 
church received the Silver Medal of the City 
of Paris three years ago. "It was in apprecia- 
tion and recognition of what the church has 
done for the community. While I don't care 
much one way or the other about silver med- 
als, nevertheless it occurred at a time when 
Franco-American relations weren't too hot, 
and the fact that we're a Protestant church in 
a predominantly Catholic country is of some 
significance. And this was the first time it 
was ever given to a church or anvone related 
to a church." Kay Cassitl 



39 



stitudonal firm in the New York metropoli- 
tan area. Martin's father, Philip Rilter, 
started the firm in 1922 as a butter and eggs 
operation. Now the operation has grown 
info a $30-million business. 

[~ Q John F. Beiiiictt, a resident of 
^^ Plantation, Fla., is vice-president 
of Adobe Building Centers, Inc., Hollywood, 
Fla. 

James S. Gurney is vice-president of First 
Chicago Realty Services Corp., a wholly 
owned subsidiary of First Chicago Corp. He 
lives in Chicago. 

Paul Hie. a resident of Ann Arbor, Mich., 
is professor of Spanish and comparative lit- 
erature at the University of Michigan. 

Khairat Ihiic-Rasa (Ph.D.) has been ap- 
pointed vice-chancellor of Multan Univer- 
sity, Multan, Pakistan, a position that cor- 
responds to being president in an American 
university. His Brown doctorate is in chemis- 
try. 

Val Loiselle has been elected chairman of 
the South Windsor (Mass.) Transit Commis- 
sion. He is supervisor of the Nuclear 
Laboratory's Thermal and Hydraulic De- 
partment of Combustion Engineering. 

Comdr. Fredenck M. Williamson, USN, 
has assumed command of the USS Semmcs, a 
destrover. A sixteen-year Navy veteran. 
Commander Williamson had served as ex- 
ecutive officer with several other vessels be- 
fore gaining his first command. 

/T/^ Peter Goldman reports the release 
OV/ of his first LP record in Denmark, 
called "Cocaine Kelly, Bluebells and Yellow 
Stars." He sings, plavs, and wrote all the 
songs on the record. He's also working as 
NBC news correspondent in Copenhagen, 
reporting the Danish news on NBC radio 
while writing about the Middle East conflict 
for Danish newspapers and organizations. In 
the spring of 1967, Peter made his first film. 
Echoes of Silence, which won a prize at a film 
festival in Italy. He then moved to Paris and 
made a film with Pierre Clementi called 
Wheel of Ashes, which played in Europe but 
not the States. He gave up film-making in 
1971, lived for a while in a kibbutz in Israel, 
and then moved to Copenhagen in 1972. He 
and his second wife, Christina Weidenmark, 
of Sweden, have a daughter, Elin Aviva, 
now nearly 2. Peter has a son, Nepo, from 
his first marriage. His address: Box 151, Ves- 
terbrogade 208, 1800 Copenhagen V, Den- 
mark. 

Mark K. Joseph is affiliated with the Bal- 
timore law firm of Gallagher, Evelius and 
Jones. He had served several years as deputy 
housing commissioner in Baltimore. 

Will Mackenzie and his wife, Patricia, re- 
port the birth of a second son, Alexander 
Barr, on Feb. 14. The family resides in Sher- 
man Oaks, Calif. Will continues to make oc- 
casional appearances on the "Bob Newhart 
Show," playing the TV husband of Carol, 
the receptionist. 

Laivrence K. Walls is general manager of 
Laboratorios Warner-Chilcott, Ramon San- 
tana #12, Santo Domingo, Dominican Re- 
public. 



/T "I Harry L. Hellerstein, a resident 
O JL of San Francisco, has been ap- 
pointed assistant federal public defender for 
the U.S. District Court for the Northern Dis- 
trict of California. He had practiced law in 
the Denver area for eleven years and was 
formerly assistant public defender for the 
city and county of Denver. 

WilUamL. Staples, vice-president of Con- 
tinental Illinois National Bank & Trust Co. of 
Chicago, has been named manager of the 
midwestern division of the bank's commer- 
cial banking department. 

William C. Worlhini;ton, jr., has been 
transferred by IBM to Palo Alto, Calif., 
where he is a computer specialist. Bill, who is 
living with his wife and two daughters in 
Mountain View, Calif., is the son of Ou'( 
Worthi)igton '23 and Diana Worthington. 

/^ ^ Man/ Emcni Doucette is working 
\J^m part-time as a teaching assistant in 
math at Scarborough College, University of 
Toronto. She has two children, Juha, 8, and 
Fred, 5. Mary's new address; 15 Deep Dene 
Dr., West Hill, Ont. 

John J. Lenahan and his wife, Marilyn, are 
parents of their first child, Jeffrey David, 
born Dec. 26. John is assistant professor of 
computer science at the University of Hous- 
ton. The family lives in Bellaire, Texas. 

Trudy Balaschak Morgan and her hus- 
band, Julian, are the parents of a daughter, 
Victoria Trowbridge, born Sept. 6. Jay 
is now 3. They live in Hallowell, Maine. 

Dr. Raymond P. Rhnwhart represented 
Brown at the inauguration of T. Edward 
Temple as president of Virginia Common- 
wealth University last Dec. 4. 

Helene Schwartz's first book, Laivyering, 
was published by Farrar, Straus & Giroux in 
January. It's an account of some of Helene's 
more interesting cases and her "experience 
as a lawyer who is also a woman." 

Innng L. Williams (M.A.T.) earned his 
Ph.D. in June from New York University and 
was appointed associate professor of physi- 
cal science at Nassau Community College, 
Garden City, N.Y. 

Z' O Robert J. Slmey has been named 
\JkJ marketing manager, industrial 
colorants, for the Color System Group of 
Inmont Corp., Bound Brook, N.J. In his new- 
position. Bob will have full responsibility for 
long- and short-range planning, new prod- 
uct and marketing development, pricing, 
and product promotion. 

Tone Tvedt Steen is teaching English, 
Latin, and history at the secondary school 
level in Norway. She is married and has two 
daughters, 5 and 2. Her address: Trollstien 6 
H, 3000 Drammen, Norway. 

Douglas R. White has been associate pro- 
fessor of anthropology at the University of 
Pittsburgh for the current academic year. 

CL/\ Carl B. Arlanson is engaged in 
Vj^t the general practice of law in as- 
sociation with A. Russell Lucio, Jr., in 
Weymouth, Mass. Carl and his wife are the 
parents of their second child, Karen Ann, 
bom Nov. 1 . 

John M, Dulton is with American Medical 
International of Beverly Hills, Calif., where 
he is senior vice-president of administration. 

Gerald M. Eggert moved to Rochester, 



N.Y., in August, where he is a director with 
the New York State Department of Social 
Services. He's assigned to a program aimed 
at developing community cooperation to test 
and evaluate differing alternative care mod- 
els for the aging Gerald earned his Ph.D. in 
social welfare and administration from Bran- 
deis University in June 1973. 

Dr. Stan Kaplan and his wife, Pamela Ross 
Kaplan '66, are parents of a daughter, Jessica 
Amy, born Nov. 28, 1974. The family lives in 
De Witt, N.Y., where Stan is a dentist. 

A. Thomas Leinn of Rockville Centre, 
N.Y. , has been elected a director of the bar 
association of Nassau County, N.Y. 

f . Robert Mnhel is associated with the 
law firm of Culley, Marks, Corbett, Tanen- 
baum, Reifsteck & Potter in Rochester, N.Y. 
He's also an adjunct associate professor at 
Monroe Community College in Rochester, 
where he teaches courses in criminal law. He 
and his wife, Carol, report the birth of their 
second child, Suzanne Dorothy, on April 10, 
1975. Their son, Scott Robert, is 4. The 
Michels live in Pittsford, N.Y. 

Carl Mooradian has been appointed act- 
ing corporation counsel of Niagara Falls, 
N.Y. His law degree is from the State Uni- 
versity of New York at Buffalo. 

Charlotte Cook Morse, who taught at Yale 
seven years, has been working in Washing- 
ton, D.C., this year as a member of the Na- 
tional Endowment for the Humanities' re- 
search grants division. 

Deborah Eddy Rollenhageii and her hus- 
band, David, are parents of their third child, 
Melissa Karen, born Sept. 18. David is 5 and 
Julianne is 3. The family lives in Syracuse, 
N.Y. 

R, William Spelhnan, Jr.. is living and 
working in Louisville, Ky., where he is man- 
ager of internal auditing for General Electric 
Co. 

Dr. Richard A. Stone, a resident of Del 
Mar, Calif., is an assistant professor of 
medicine at the University of California at 
San Diego. 

Dr. Theodore J. Thehn, a member of the 
medical staff at St, Luke's Hospital, New 
Bedford, Mass., has been elected a fellow of 
the American College of Obstetricians and 
Gynecologists. His M.D. is from the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania Medical School. He and 
his wife, Nanc\', and their three children live 
in South Dartmouth, Mass. 

/T C /"'"' '^ Chapman is corporate coun- 
\J J sel for California Computer 
Products, Inc., and is currently engaged in 
multi-district litigation against IBM. Early 
this spring he received notice of his admis- 
sion to the bar of the Supreme Court, where 
he expects final arguments on the case will 
be heard. "California has been good to Mary 
and me," he says, "granting us two sons and 
mean MBA. with honors from USC." John 
added that he was "pleased to see that 
Brown is emulating USC's football record." 
The Chapman family resides in Palos Ver- 
des, Calif. 

David Gockley has been honored b\ the 
U.S. Jaycees as one of America's Ten Out- 
standing Young Men of 1976 for his contribu- 
tions to the field of opera. After earning a 
master's in business administration from 
Columbia in 1970, David became assistant to 
the managing director of the Lincoln Center 



40 



for the Performing Arts in New York City. 
Later that same year, he joined the Houston 
Grand Opera, where he became associate di- 
rector only nine months after his arrival. He 
was named general director in 1972 and, 
since that time, has directed the growth of 
Houston's opera company into the fifth 
largest operatic enterprise in the country. In 
1973, David created the Texas Opera Thea- 
ter, the touring arm of the Houston Grand 
Opera. 

Richard Huffman has been appointed 
to the civil division of the U.S. Attorney's 
office in Brooklyn. A graduate of Emory Uni- 
versity Law School, Dick had worked exten- 
sively on the West Coast in organizing law 
students and initiating administrative pro- 
grams intended to assist lawyers engaged in 
civil liberties litigation. 

Michael H. Stone has moved to Voorhees, 
N.J., and has a new position as chief 
accountant of the phosphorus business 
group of FMC Corp., Philadelphia. He's 
stayed active in the Naval Reserve and has 
been promoted to lieutenant commander. 

/I /I Charles H. Blood, jr., of New 
\J O York Citv has been promoted to 
assistant vice-president at Marine Midland 
Bank, where he is a portfolio manager in the 
pension investment department. 

Thomas A. Clark, who received his Ph.D. 
from the University of Iowa last June, is now 
assistant professor of geography at Middle- 
bury College. 

Anne Goslee loi'ovic, her husband, 
Dragos, and their son, Alek, plan a visit to 
Connecticut this summer from Belgrade, 
Yugoslavia, where Anne continues her work 
as a junior high English and art teacher. She 
hopes to follow-up on her studies of last 
summer toward teacher certification at 
Fairfield University. Dragos is in private law 
practice. 

Pamela Ross Kaplan and her husband. Dr. 
Stan Kaplan '64, are parents of a daughter, 
Jessica Amy, born Nov. 28, 1974. The Kap- 
lans live inDe Witt, N.Y. 

Dr. William j. MacDonald, jr., a resident 
of San Diego, is completing a fellowship in 
cardiology at the Hospital of the University 
of Cahfornia at San Diego. Bill and his wife 
have two boys and a girl. 

William H. Munson has left Honeywell to 
join Digital Equipment Corp., Maynard, 
Mass., as a software product manager. His 
new address: 9 David Rd., Apt. B2, Acton, 
Mass. 01720. 

Merlin M. Renne received his law degree 
last June from the Marshall-Wythe School of 
Law at William and Mary College in Wil- 
liamsburg, Va. In July he became assistant 
Commonwealth's attorne\' for York County, 
Va. 

Lawrence M. Taylor, /r., for the past two 
years an associate in the Boston law firm of 
Spencer and Stone, has joined the legal de- 
partment of Pepsico, Inc. He is attached to 
Pepsico Leasing Corp., a wholly owned sub- 
sidiary located in Lexington, Mass. He and 
his wife, Rhea, live at 137 Pembroke St., Bos- 
ton 02118. 

David Ellis Taylor and Shirley Neale were 
married Oct. 11 in Valdosta, Ga., and are 
now living in Dallas, where Dave is in real 
estate development. 



/l^ Henry B. Hansmann is assistant 
\J / professor of law at the University 
of Pennsylvania Law School. 

Neil Miller is editor of the Gfli/ Community 
NeiK, a weekly gay newspaper published in 
Boston. He lives in Cambridge. 

Melora Pond Mirza and her husband, 
Usman, are parents of a son, Taric Lawrence, 
born June 11, 1975. The Mtrzas live in Evans- 
ton, 111. 

Laurence R. Pizer, archivist and executive 
director of the Adams County Historical So- 
ciety of Hastings, Nebr., has been awarded a 
fellowship to the Mid-America Seminar on 
the Interpretation of History by Historical 
Societies and Museums, sponsored by the 
American Association for State and Local 
History with support from the National En- 
dowment for the Humanities (NEH). Lau- 
rence has also been named project director, 
under a grant from NEH, for the production 
of a series of television programs on the his- 
tory of the Great Plains, using the collection 
of half-century-old films and photographs 
collected by the Adams County Historical 
Society. 

Man/ Ann Podolak is art director of Wil- 
liam Messere Associates, a Providence ad- 
vertising agency. 

Michael A. Szegda reports that he has 
joined the New York City law firm of 
Braverman & Rosen. 

Dr. Sanford Ullman, an ophthalmologist, 
has a private practice in Hudson, N.Y., and 
is clinical instructor at Albany Medical 
Center. 

Richard /. Whipple is an assistant treas- 
urer with Chase Manhattan Bank, New York 
City. 

/TO /. Stephen Bentz has joined the 
OO Providence- Washington Insurance 
Group as a claims supervisor in its Eastern 
regional office in Providence. 

David C. Ennis, jr., is living in Albany, 
N.Y., where he is a communications con- 
sultant for the New York Telephone Co. 

Darryl Fanelli has completed his second 
year of law school at Bates College of Law, 
University of Houston. "I've been working 
closely with Scott Manley '67 to set up an in- 
house law firm for some of the Moody family 
interests in Galveston, Texas," he says. 
Darryl's new address: 2109 Goldsmith St., 
Houston 77025. 

Andreiv C. Halvorsen and Barbara A. 
Mark were married in April 1975 and are liv- 
ing in Chatham, N.J. He is a security analyst 
with A. C. Wainwright & Co. in New York 
City. 

Dr. ]esse Jupiter and his wife. Beryl, are 
parents of a daughter, Stacy Deborah, born 
Oct. 14. Jesse is a surgical resident at 
Massachusetts General Hospital and the 
family is living in Wellesley, Mass. 

Richard Lauch (A.M.) is teaching in the 
Continuing Education Division of the Uni- 
versity of Maine at Portland-Gorham. He is 
married, has two children, and lives in Bar 
Mills, Maine. 

Ancelin Vogt Lynch is national register 
coordinator and senior survey specialist with 
the Rhode Island Historical Preservation 
Commission in Providence. 

Martha E. Miller and Robert J. Nicoloff 
were married Nov. 8 and are living in Los 
Angeles. Martha is a personnel analyst in 



labor relations for the city of Los Angeles. 

WiUiam F. Miller III and Cathleen Anne 
Shortsleeve were married March 6 at the 
Chapel of the Most Blessed Trinity at Boston 
College. A graduate of Suffolk Law School, 
Bill is an associate in the Providence law firm 
of Connors and Kilguss. The couple is living 
in East Providence. 

Stci'en F. Ostroiv, Boulder, Colo., is 
assistant professor of classics at the Univer- 
sity of Colorado. 

Robert W. Powers has been named assist- 
ant vice-president at Rhode Island Hospital 
Trust National Bank. He has been with the 
bank since 1969, most recently as assistant 
director of the corporate planning division. 

/IQ Paul K. Birneii is a first-year 
\J 3/ resident at the Hershev Medical 
Center, Hershey, Pa. 

/. Richard Chambers has been named 
senior vice-president of the Nashville City 
Bank & Trust Co., Nashville, Tenn. 

Bei'crly N. Greenspan received her Ph.D. 
from Rockefeller University in June and is an 
assistant professor of biology at Bowdoin 
College in Brunswick, Maine. 

John Keany and Lloyd Keigivin are study- 
ing geological oceanography at the Graduate 
School of Oceanography of the Universit\' of 
Rhode Island 

Rich Krafchin, a resident of New York's 
Greenwich Village, is a consultant in corpo- 
rate systems for Bristol-Myers Co. 

Dr. Ronald A. Landay and his wife, Fran- 
cine, report the birth of their first child, 
Melanie Faye, on April 29, 1975. Last July, 
Dr. Landay began a fellowship in pediatric 
allergy-immunology at the National Jewish 
Hospital and Research Center in Denver. 

Robert P. Lynch is a specialist in organiza- 
tional change and management of human re- 
sources for Data Education, Inc., working 
out of the local office in Warren, R.I. He re- 
cently served as president of the Massasoit 
Historical Assoc, in Warren. 

Stephen P. Nugent, a Rhode Island attor- 
ney, has been named special assistant state 
attorney general for the criminal division. 

Capt. Don A. Olowinski, a judge advocate 
in the U.S. Marine Corps, is teaching law at 
the U.S. Naval Justice School at Newport, 
R.I. He is a graduate of the University of 
Pennsylvania Law School. 

Suvit Rungi'istii (A.M.) left the faculty of 
social sciences at Chiengmai University, 
Chiengmai, Thailand, last fall for graduate 
study at Northern Illinois University. His 
address: 501 Annie Glidden Rd., Apt. A-1, 
DeKalb, III. 60115. 

Dr. Glenn Schroyer has returned from the 
Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation in 
Montana, where he spent three months 
working as a physician with the U.S. Public 
Health Service Clinic in Lame Deer. This 
elective service was done in conjunction with 
his family-practice residency at the Reading 
Hospital, Reading, Pa. 

John /. Scaler ('75 Ph.D.) is a research 
economist with the Federal Reserve Bank of 
Philadelphia. He and his wife live in Haver- 
ford, Pa. 

Jay Shapiro has resigned his position as 
an assistant attorney general for the state of 
Missouri and is now practicing law with the 
firm of Blackwell, Sanders, Matheny, Weary 
& Lombardi in Kansas City. His new ad- 



41 



dress: 3619 Gillham Rd., Apt. 26, Kansas 
City 64111. 

Gordon M. Strauss, a resident of Arling- 
ton, Va., is an attorney for the Republican 
National Committee, working in the office of 
the general counsel. 

70 '^'''''^ Kirby Allen and Margaret 
/ yj H. Silver were married Aug. 23 in 
Akron, Ohio. They are living on the West 
Coast while Peter does graduate work at the 
University of Oregon. 

Bnice A. Clark quit his job as a computer 
programmer two years ago and since then 
has been working in an oil refinery in Hous- 
ton, Texas, where he lives. 

John F. CiiO)/n/ has been appointed to 
the staff of the U.S. Solicitor General in 
Washington, D.C. 

Eugenic Coulet Coop'er and her husband 
are parents of their second child, a daughter, 
Sarah Hyson, born Oct. 24. The family lives 
in Toledo, Ohio. 

Patricia Rothsteiu Dashefsky and her hus- 
band, Richard, are parents of their first child, 
David Benjamin, born Nov. 4. The family 
lives in Bethesda, Md. 

Catherine Auman DeMaere (M.A.T.) re- 
ports that last summer she participated in a 
nine-week seminar in India on the culture 
and history of that subcontinent, sponsored 
by the Fulbright Foundation and the U.S. 
Office of Education. Catherine is a social 
studies teacher in Durham, N.C. 

Jeanne Ellis and Richard K. Ormond were 
married Aug. 16, 1975, in Wolfeboro, N.H. 
The couple is living in Philadelphia, and 
Jeanne is teaching statistics and developmen- 
tal psychology at Penn State's Ogontz cam- 
pus in Abington, Pa. 

Lt. Troy j. Enoin, USN, is assigned to the 
USS Benjamin Franklin. His home address: 
369A Tullibee Ave., Groton, Conn. 06340. 

Jeffrey R. Peters, of Broomall, Pa., is 
editor-in-chief of two suburban Philadelphia 
newspapers with a circulation of 10,000. 

Walter A. Potas has returned from 
Budapest, Hungary, where he represented 
Brown in an exchange program in computer 
science with the Hungarian Academy of Sci- 
ence, sponsored by the National Science 
Foundation. For the better part of 1975, 
Walter worked for the Naval Research 
Laboratories in Washington, D.C. 

Gregory B. Waldron has been elected an 
assistant secretary in the personnel depart- 
ment of Manufacturers Hanover Trust, New 
York City. He is also attending New York 
University School of Business. 

^Tf'\ David Altshuler is assistant pro- 
/ J. fessor of religion and chairman of 
Judaic studies at George Washington Uni- 
versity. He and his wife, Linda, are residing 
in Arlington, Va. 

Mark Asquino, a Ph.D. candidate in 
American Civilization at Brown, held a 
Fulbright-Hays Fellowship during the past 
academic year and served as Fulbright lec- 
turer in American Studies at the University 
of Oviedo in northwest Spain. In addition to 
teaching three courses in American literature 
and history, Mark also had administrative 
responsibility for the operation of the Ameri- 
can Studies program there. 

Bn/an F. Brown is assistant city attorney 
of Duluth, Minn. He and his wife, Marie, live 



at lOeVz N., 1st Ave. W., Duluth. 

Ann S. Clough (M.A.T.) has joined the 
Chicago regional staff of the U.S. Office of 
Education as an educational program 
specialist in student financial aid. She had 
served almost five years as financial aid di- 
rector at Southwest College, one of the city 
colleges of Chicago. 

Dr. Daniel G. Fuller graduated frcim Case 
Western Reserve University School of 
Medicine last May and is a pediatric intern at 
Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital, 
Cleveland. His wife isChristine Erisniaii Fuller 
(see 72). 

Ardath Ann Goldstein, a 1975 graduate of 
the Harvard Institute in Arts Administration 
Program, is administrator of federal Bicen- 
tennial funds for the state of North Carolina. 
She's restoring a historic townhouse in 
Raleigh and is a founding board member of 
Capital Landmarks, Inc., a preservation 
trust. 

Paul Grcgutt reports he is living "fru- 
gally" in Seattle "while training in the 
kitchen of Yen-wok, perhaps the leading 
Mandarin chef in the country." 

Wendell Hahn, a 1974 graduate of the 
Yale Universit^■ School of Forestry and En- 
vironmental Studies, has entered the Ph.D. 
program in biological oceanography at the 
University of Rhode Island Graduate School 
of Oceanography. 

Mannn Honionoff is associated with the 
Providence law firm of Kirshenbaum & Kir- 
shenbaum. He and his wife, Linda, have 
moved to 2000 C, Village Green South, East 
Providence, R.I. 

Leila Noi'ak Lasser and her husband, Jim, 
report the birth of their first child, Jonathan 
Thomas, on Nov. 10. Leila is teaching science 
at the Hewitt School in Manhattan, and Jim 
is with a Wall Street bond brokerage firm. 

Richard A. Martin is associated with the 
firm of Olwine, Connelly, Chase, O'Donnell 
& Weyher in New York City. 

John F. Mastroianni has been named as- 
sistant to the general director for develop- 
ment of the Houston Grand Opera. He 
comes to the position from Trinity College, 
Oxford, having spent the last three years 
pursuing a doctorate in comparative litera- 
ture at the English university. John will be 
primarily involved with the solicitation of 
major individual, foundation, and corporate 
prospects, as well as the creation of a 
deferred-giving/bequest program. He was 
the founder of the Opera Workshop at 
Brown and its producer and director for four 
years. He later was employed by the Brown 
Development Office. 

Dr. jcrold Mikszeivski and Katherine 
Steiger were married in 1973 and are living at 
124 Blackstone Blvd., Providence. 

The Rev. Eugene N. Nelson, Jr., was or- 
dained a year ago and is now the minister of 
Emanuel United Church of Christ in Warren, 
Pa. 

Ens. Joseph Pluta, Jr., and Katherine Jane 
Ritter were married in May 1975 at Mission 
San Diego de Alcala. They are living in San 
Francisco. 

Stephen H. Rost received his M.S. A. in 
1974 at Miami University of Ohio and is 
teaching business administration there. He's 
living in Oxford, Ohio. 

Dr. David A. Snyder begins a residency in 



ophthalmology at the Illinois Eye and Ear 
Infinnary in Chicago on July 1. 

Ronald A. Stern and £/issi' B. Walter were 
married in June 1974 and are living in Arling- 
ton, Va. Ron is a law clerk to Supreme Court 
Justice Potter Stewart, and Elisse, also an at- 
torney, is an associate with a Washington 
law firm. 

Henry W. Stall is an instructor on the 
staff of Hahnemann Medical College and 
Hospital of Philadelphia. He's living in 
Philadelphia at 3601 Powelton Ave., Apt. 
D6. 

Eugene Y. Su and Christin A. Carter (see 
'72) were married last June 14 in Newark, 
Del. Frank Sun was best man, and the ushers 
included Nicholas Cerjanec and Stci'c Wein- 
stein. Bridesmaids were Burtera HijjHi's '72, 
Sarah Mason '72, and Rhonda Cooperstein 
Bernstein '72. Eugene graduated last May 
from the University of Rochester School of 
Medicine and is now an intern in internal 
medicine at the University of Rochester's As- 
sociated Hospitals Program in Rochester, 
N.Y. 

Hope Carr Swanson and her husband, 
Ernest, report the birth of their first child, 
Timothy Baker, on April 6, 1975. The family 
resides at 430 School Ave., Carlton, Minn. 

Patience Thomas is teaching basic reading 
to adults as part of the program at the Urban 
Adult Learning Center, Portland, Maine. 

Russ Warren is managing editor of Tlie 
Messenger, a weekly newspaper in Clemson, 
S.C. After transferring from Brown during 
his junior year, Russ graduated from Clem- 
son University in 1971. 

Charles R. Watt has joined the Provi- 
dence branch of IBM as a marketing rep- 
resentative in the data processing division. 
He's living at 401 Dedham Ave., Needham, 
Mass. 02192. 

Jenny Littlepagc Wilkinson is attending the 
University of Maryland School of Social 
Work and Community Planning. She's a 
resident of Crofton, Md. 

P^'^ Dr. Mark Babcock received his 
/ ^m D.M.D. in September and is en- 
rolled in an orthodontics residency at the 
Medical College of Georgia for two years. 
He's living in Augusta. 

Christin A. Carter and Eugene Y. Su (see 
'71) were married June 14 in Newark, Del. 
Bridesmaids included Barbara Haines, Sarah 
Mason, and Rhonda Coopwrstein Bernstein. 
Frank Sun '71 was the best man, and Nicholas 
Cerjanec '71 and Stci'cn Wcinstein '71 were 
ushers. Christin received her M.S. in 
biophysics last May at the University of 
Rochester and is presently continuing work 
there toward her Ph.D. in biophysics. 

Christopthcr A. Dunn and Christine 
Vaughn were married on May 23, 1975, in 
Riverton, N.J. Both are attorneys, and they 
are living in Washington, D.C. 

Christine Ensnian Fuller, who is with the 
Navy Finance Center in Cleveland, was re- 
cently promoted to a supervisory manage- 
ment anahst position in the field liaison 
branch of the military pay department. She 
has been active this year in the National 
Alumni Schools Program, interviewing 
Brown applicants in the Cleveland Heights 
area. Her husband is Daniel G. Fuller (see 
'71). 

Scott A. Garver, a graduate of George- 



42 



town University Law School, has joined the 
law firm of Horwitz & Tamborra in Norwich, 
Conn. At Georgetown, Scott was the recip- 
ient of an award for distinguished achieve- 
ment in the area of individual rights and 
liberties. 

WiUinni S. Grccii (Ph.D.) is assistant pro- 
fessor of religious studies at the Universit\' of 
Rochester, where last fall he was one of three 
faculty members named the first Mellon Fac- 
ulty Fellows in a new program for outstanci- 
ing scholars in the humanities. A Dartmouth 
graduate. Professor Green joined the Uni- 
versity of Rochester in 1974. 

Syiliici/ Haiilivi and John W, Rendon, Jr., 
were married in March 1975 and are living at 
33 Carruth St., Boston. She graduated from 
Harvard Law School in June and was admit- 
ted to the Massachusetts bar. Last fall, S\'d- 
ney, who has retaineci her maiden name, 
was campaign manager for Joseph Timilty, 
an unsuccessful candidate for mayor of 
Boston. 

Sue Kalcr obtained her master's degree in 
learning disabilities from Northwestern Uni- 
versity in 1973 and, since that time, has been 
teaching in the Kettle-Moraine Area School 
System near Waukesha, Wis. Last \ear. Sue 
began a program in that school system for 
early childhood special education, working 
with youngsters between three and five 
years of age who have learning problems, 
especially language development difficulty. 
Sue lives in Waukesha. 

Karen Leggetl, former news director at 
WHIM in Providence, is now a reporter in 
the news department of WMAL-AM in 
Washington, D.C. Karen became a member 
of the Board of Editors of this magazine in 
March. 

Eric Marcus expects to receive his J.D. 
degree this June from Stanford Law School. 

Robert j. McBride (Sc.M.) is assistant di- 
rector of financial aid at Jersey City State Col- 
lege. 

Kci'in O'Grady and Kathryn Osann were 
married in 1974 in Palo Alto, Calif. Class- 
mates in attendance included hAikc Amyton, 
Bob Bergman, Dou Abrams, and Paul Rohrdauz. 
Also on hand were Carol Bingham '71 and 
Robert Murphy '62, whose Dixieland band. 
Natural Gas, performed. The O'Grady s are 
living at 2215 Santa Ana, Palo Alto 94303. 

Mary Pereira earned a master's degree in 
1974 from Boston University and is em- 
ployed in the casualty division of Allendale 
Insurance Co., Johnston, R.I. 

John Rouse is a doctoral student in the 
drama and humanities program at Stanford 
University. From 1972 to 1974, he was a stu- 
dent at Temple University, where he re- 
ceived an M.F.A. in theater directing. His 
new address; 201 Loma Verde, Apt. G, Palo 
Alto, Calif. 94306. 

Brian D. Snnth is in his second year at the 
University of Virginia Law School. His new 
address: Rt. #5, Box 196D, Charlottesville, 
Va. 22901. 

Margaret Eileen Taylor graduated from 
Case Western Reserve Law School in Cleve- 
land last June, passed the Michigan bar 
exam, and is a graduate student at Kings Col- 
lege, University of London, where she is 
studying for her master's degree in law. 

Ronald /. Wo/cik (Ph.D.) lives in Des 
Piair.es, 111., and is employed as a senior 
analyst for the computer services division of 



Sargent and Lundy Engineers of Chicago. 
Willard N. Woolbert, Ambler, Pa., has 
been appointed an administrative officer at 
Girard Bank, Philadelphia, where he is serv- 
ing as an investment analyst. He is taking 
courses toward his M.S. A. in finance at 
Drexel University. 

^'2 Brafford Bak is a first-year stu- 
/ J dent at the University of Pitts- 
burgh School of Law. 

Richard S. Basuk is completing his third 
year at the New York University School of 
Medicine. 

Thomas T. Billings and Judith Pace were 
married Sept. 3 and are livmg at 1436 Har- 
vard Ave., Salt Lake City, Utah 84105. Three 
of Tom's brothers were in the wedding 
party, Stuart A. Billings '77 as best man and 
Peter W. Billings '67 and John C. Bilhngs '69 as 
ushers. 

Catherine Brissey and Scott E. Maxwell 
were married May 24, 1975, in Durham, N.C. 
Karen Kahn was honor attendant and the 
ceremony was attended by Donna Bryant, 
Don Stanford '74, Stei'e Thomp^son, Lua/ Waie- 
zonek Tlionipson '72, and Thomas Raslear '74 
Ph.D. Catherine is finishing her third year of 
graduate study in clinical psychology at the 
University of North Carolina, where her 
husband is also a graduate student. Come 
November, she will begin her clinical intern- 
ship at the Veterans Administration Hospital 
in Durham. 

Melvin W. Dixon ('75 Ph.D.) is a member 
of the faculty of the Institute of Afro- 
American Studies at Fordham University. 
The Wesleyan graduate has studied at the 
Universifv' of Paris under a fellowship from 
the French government, 

Howard Gould is completing his final year 
at the Boston University Law School, where 
he has been an editor of the Laiu Revieu'. 
Howard plans to join the law firm of Dupont, 
Dupont, Tobin & Williams in New London, 
Conn., in June. Ralph Dupont '51 and 
Antoinette Loiacono Dupnvit '50 are members of 
the firm. 

Dar\/l F. Hazel and Janet A. Wagner '75 
were married Sept. 14 in Rumson, N.J., with 
John A. Davex/ serving as an usher. The 
Hazels are residents of Lowell, Mass., and 
Daryl is a computer programmer at MIT's 
Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington. 

John W. Green, Manchester, Conn., has 
been promoted from product planning man- 
ager to planning officer in the national divi- 
sion of the Hartford National Bank & Trust 
Co. 

Robert Leinn (M.A.T.) is living in Cam- 
bridge, Mass., and is teaching eighth-grade 
history and English in the Brookline, Mass., 
school system. He had previously taught his- 
tory and government at Sherwood High in 
Montgomery County, Md. 

Felix K. Liao is a third-year student at 
Case Western Reserve University School of 
Dentistry in Cleveland. He works weekends 
as a lab technician at St. John's Hospital. 

Jeffrey Men'is is education writer for The 
Journal, a daily newspaper in Lorain, Ohio. 
He has been on the paper eighteen months, 
serving on the wire desk before moving over 
to the education beat. 

James Miller, one of Brown's finest wres- 
tlers of the past decade, competed in the 
Pan-American games at Mexico Citv last fall. 



winning a bronze medal for Canada wres- 
tling in the 163-pound class. Jim is the 
grandson oi Arthur E. Miller '22. 

Chnstiane Mollet is an employee relations 
consultant in the personnel department of 
the Prudential Property and Casualty Insur- 
ance Co. in Woodtjridge, N.J. 

Kathi J. Moore is completing her first year 
at the Rutgers School of Law/Newark. Her 
new address: 200 W. 14th St., Apt. 2E, New 
York, N.Y. 10011. 

Nino Moscardi has been appointed a 
commercial loan officer at Industrial National 
Bank of Providence. He joined the bank in 
1974 after serving as credit analyst with 
Chase Manhattan Bank, New York City. 

Diana Lee Norton is living in Denver, 
Colo., where she is project manager for Flex- 
ible Staffing. 

Elizabeth Rucdisueli and Robert B. George 
are living in Providence. Both are medical 
students at Brown, with Betty graduating 
this June and Bob a year from now. 

Paul D. Sampyson ('74 Sc.M.) is studying 
for a Ph.D. in statistics at the University of 
Michigan. He's livmg at 212 Miller St., Ann 
Arbor. 

Dennis J. Sykes is teaching at the newly 
opened Sweatt-Winter Community Day 
Care Program in Farmington, Maine, a joint 
program sponsored by the local community 
action council and the University of Maine at 
Farmington, 

Linda A. Stamper is teaching social 
studies at the secondary' level in the Boston 
public schools. 

Robert Viunelt, Narragansett, R.I., is 
studying geological oceanography at the 
Graduate School of Oceanography of the 
University of Rhode Island. 

ry/l Andrrw N. Berg and Gail D. 
/ ?X Kaminsky were married June 1, 
1975, and are living in New York Cit\'. An- 
drew has completed his first year of law 
school at New York University. 

Sanford D. Brown is completing his first 
year at the Seton Hall University School of 
Law. He's living at 96 Mill Rd., Irvington, 
N.J. 

Jon Davine is a first-year medical student 
at McGill University in Montreal. 

Samuel J. Docknei'ich has been promoted 
to sales manager of Nash Brothers, Inc., a 
motorcycle dealer in West Haven, Conn. 

Don Griffith is a solar energy technician 
for Kalwall Corp., Manchester, N.H. 

Mark Handel is studying for his M.F.A. 
degree in graphic design at the School of Art, 
Yale University. 

Jane H. Heitman is completing her second 
year of law school at Emory University and 
is clerking with the Atlanta, Ga., firm of 
Harrison, Childs & Foster. She expects to 
graduate in December. 

John Hirsch and his wife, Suzy, are par- 
ents of their first child, Joshua David. The 
Hirschs live in Providence. 

Warren Marais was the announcer at the 
Boston Garden last summer for the Boston 
Bolts, professional lacrosse team. Currently, 
he is teaching mathematics and coaching la- 
crosse at The Wtnchendon School in Win- 
chendon, Mass. 

John J. Regan, a graduate student at the 
State University of New York Upstate Medi- 
cal Center, Syracuse, has been awarded an 



43 



eight-week summer preceptorship in neuro- 
surgen' at the center. 

Rita M. Rouse is completing her first year 
of law school at the University of California, 
Berkeley. 

Susan Schneider, a student at George- 
town Law Center, is living at 509 7th St. SE, 
Washington, D.C. 20003. 

Robert W. Steioart, Jr., earned his 
master's degree last summer from Syracuse 
University and is a reporter for the Paiotuxet 
Valley Daily Times, West War\sick, R.I. 

Shellei/ Uram is a second-\'ear student at 
the University of Pennsylvania School of 
Medicine. 

^7 C Nasser Ahari has built a four- 
/ CJ story', rotating plaster-of-Paris 
sculpture, surrounded by a water moat, at 
Harvard's School of Architecture, where he 
is studying. 

Albert K. Blachuehier, a resident of At- 
lanta, is a graduate student in biology at 
Georgia State University. 

Eileen Bonloimro (MA.T.) is living in 
Hamburg, N.Y., and teaching at nearby 
Orchard Park Senior High School. 

Stei'en S. Cagle is a news reporter for 
WJAR-TV in Providence. 

Richard Callahan is living in Norwalk, 
Conn., and working at the South Norwalk 
Savings Bank. Last fall, he coached the Nor- 
walk State Technical College varsity soccer 
team. 

Col. Hami E. Cartland (Ph.D.) is asso- 
ciate professor of foreign languages at the 
U.S. Militar\' Academy at West Point. 

Susan Connors is an actress, working at 
the Barn Dinner Theater in Greensboro, 
N.C. Her new address: 1815 N. Lakeshore 
Dr., Chapel Hill, N.C. 

Claire M. Flanagan is a first-year student 
at Mount Sinai Medical School in New York 
City. 

Valerie Ceberl is a secretar\' for Belvedere 
Real Estate in New York City. She's also 
been active in a second career, serving as ac- 
companist for the Off-Broadway musical, 
Boy Meets Girl, at the Actor's Playhouse at 
Seventh Ave. and Grove St. 

Roberta W. tioran and John A. Kimball 
were married in July in Indianapolis, Ind. 
Roberta and her husband, a DePauw Univer- 
sit\ graduate, continued their studies this 
year at the State University of New York at 
Binghamton. 

]anet L. Kemp has been teaching this past 
year at the Sandys Secondary School in 
Somerset, Bermuda. 

loseph A. Meis has completed his first 
year at Northwestern University Medical 
School. He's a resident of Skokie, 111. 

Peter Michael Miterko is a law student at 
the University of Connecticut. 

William Nashy is a graduate student in 
the department of psychology and social re- 
lations at Harvard. He was recently awarded 
a National Science Foundation Graduate Fel- 
lowship for his research in personality 
psychology. 

David H. Quinn is a graduate student at 
the Foreign Language Education Center of 
the University of Texas at Austin. His new 
address: 502 West 35th #103, Austin 78705. 

John E. Rosenberg has completed his first 
year of law school at the University of Penn- 
sylvania. 



Roy Lee Silverstein and Jacquelyn Joseph 
were married last June 21 and are living in 
Atlanta, where Roy is a medical student at 
Emory University. 

Pamela Stratton is secretary to Rod Com- 
mons, director of sports information at 
Brown, and is living in Providence. 

Jeffrex/ Smith is an underwriter for Pru- 
dential Life Insurance Co., Boston, and is liv- 
ing in Walpole, Mass. 

lanet A. Wagner and Daryl F. Hazel '73 
were married Sept. 14 in Rumson, N.J., with 
lohn A. Davey '73 serving as an usher. The 
Hazels are living in Lowell, Mass., and Darvl 
is a computer programmer at MIT's Lincoln 
Laboratory in Lexington. 

Sandra E. Wogrin has been appointed to 
the marketing services department of Van 
Melle, Inc., Sudbury, Mass., where she has 
responsibilities for inventory control, sales 
analysis, sales promotions, and customer 
service. 



Deaths 



Letitia Cahoon Rose '05, Banning, Calif., 
teacher and former chairman of the English 
department at Pomona (Calif.) High, prior to 
her retirement in 1946; March 1. Survivors 
are not known. 

Arthur Franklin Neioell '12, '27 A.M., Bucks, 
England, vice-president of British-American 
Associates and a man who devoted his life to 
international affairs and to British-American 
relations in particular; Feb. 17. In 1931, Pro- 
fessor Newell founded British-American As- 
sociates and, as its senior lecturer and holder 
of the John G. Winant Lecture-Fellowship in 
British-American Understanding, spent the 
next forty years interpreting the one country 
to the other. During World War I, he directed 
educational programs for war prisoners in 
Europe and became secretary of the Interna- 
tional YMCA. In 1927, he was appointed pro- 
fessor of international relations and history 
at Robert College, Istanbul, Turkey. During 
World War II, he was joint chairman of the 
London International Assembly and broad- 
cast regularly on the Overseas Services of the 
BBC. In the postwar years. Professor Newell 
was the American representative on both the 
Liberal International Council and the Council 
of the Atlantic Treaty Association. Delta 
Upsilon. Survivors include his wife, Desiree 
Ames Newell, Hawthorne Cottage, Jordans, 
Beaconsfield, Bucks, England; two sons, 
Arthur '38 and Richard; and two daughters, 
Emma and Judith. 

Ferdinand Votta '12, Providence, city high- 
way engineer for Providence until his retire- 
ment in 1961; March 3. Mr. Votta worked his 
way through Brown as a newsboy, graduat- 
ing as a civil engineer and then working for 
forty-three years in the engineer's office for 
the city of Providence. He was active in the 
Brown Engineering Society. Survivors in- 
clude his wife, Amelia Mazzeo Votta, 105 
Sunset Ave.; a son, Ferdinand; and two 
daughters, Jane and Florence. 

William Raymond Eastwood '13, '14 A.M., 
Framingham, Mass., retired stockbroker; 



Feb. 29. Mr. Eastwood served with the 
famed Yankee Division during World War I, 
and was wounded in the battle of Chateau 
Thierry. Sigma Phi Delta. He is survived by 
his wife, Margaret Harrington Eastwood, 14 
Temple St., Apt. 604, Framingham. 

Fredenc Hoioland Guild '13, Carbondale, 111., 
director of research for the Kansas Legisla- 
tive Council from 1934 to 1963; Feb. 23. Mr. 
Guild earned his MA. from Indiana Univer- 
sity in 1915 and his Ph.D. from the Univer- 
sity of Illinois in 1921. He was chaimian of 
the political science department at the Uni- 
versity of Kansas from 1924 to 1940 and a vis- 
iting professor at Southern Illinois University 
from 1963 to 1972. A nationally known expert 
on state legislative procedures, Mr. Guild 
was a member of the organizing committee 
of the National Council for the Revision of 
State Constitutions and in 1952 was presi- 
dent of the National Legislative Conference. 
Mr. Guild served with the Army during 
World War I. Delta Phi. Survivors include his 
wife, Lucille Willis Guild, 910 Skyline Dr., 
Carbondale, III.; and a daughter, Martha. 

George Tucker Met calf '13, Providence, pres- 
ident of the Providence advertising company 
that bore his name for thirty-two years until 
his retirement in 1964, and an alumni trustee 
from 1947 to 1954; March 27. Mr. Metcalf 
formed the George T. Metcalf Co. in 1932, in 
the middle of the depression, and saw it 
grow to a million-dollar-a-year business by 
the late 1950s. He was a past president of the 
Advertising Club of the Providence Chamber 
of Commerce and executive secretary' of the 
New England Textile Foundation. Mr. Met- 
calf was secretary and head class agent for 
his class and was a past chairman of the 
Alumni Fund Trustees. He served as a 
member of the Athletic Advisorv Council 
and was vice-president of the Friends of the 
Brown Library-. Mr. Metcalf was one of the 
few remaining veterans of the Rhode Island 
National Guard unit which was dispatched 
to the Mexican bcirder in 1916. He served 
with an artillery' unit in France during World 
War I as a first lieutenant. He was the son of 
the late Dr. Elarold Metcalf 1884 and the 
brother of the late John T. Metcalf '14 and the 
\atePaul Metcalf '16. Alpha Delta Phi. Sur- 
vivors include his wife, Frances Hunter Met- 
calf, 217 Angell St., Providence. 

Cyril Horace Wakefield '14, Redwood City, 
Calif., retired engineering assistant with 
the Southern Pacific Co.; March 25. Mr. 
Wakefield served with the British Expedi- 
tionary Force during World War I. Zeta 
Psi. Survivors include a son, Robert S. 
Wakefield, 1221 Windsor Way, Redwood 
City, Calif. 94061. 

Theodore Peters Whittenuire '15, Weston, 
Mass., retired president of Lubrx Products, 
Inc., West Roxbury, Mass.; Feb. 17. Mr. 
Whittemore had been a member of the 
Brown Club of Boston and served as a class 
agent for the University Fund. He was a past 
president of the Setter Club of New England 
and the Association of Field Trial Clubs. Phi 
Gamma Delta. Survivors include his wife, 
Mattie Larrabee Whittemore, 29 Jericho Rd., 
Weston; two daughters, Gertrude and Carol; 
and two sons, Theodore and William. 



44 



lames Harold Willmms '18, Barnstable, 
\Kiss., chief executive of the Narragansett 
C ouncil of the Bov Scouts of America for 
fort\-three years prior to his retirement in 
b'(i2; March 21. Mr. Williams was affection- 
.itolv known as "The Chief" to tens of 
thousands of former Rhode Island Boy 
'^louts. He became a legend as a public 
speaker, raconteur of folk stories, writer, and 
iiiternationallv known Scout leader. When 
he took office in 1918, Narragansett Council 
had fewer than 1,000 Scouts. When he retired 
in 1962, enrollment exceeded 25,000. Mr. 
Williams produced pageants and was princi- 
pal speaker at eight meetings of the National 
Training Conference on Scouting and, in 
1951, he was program director for the U.S. 
delegation to a world jamboree of Scouts in 
Austria. Many honors came his way, includ- 
ing an honorary master of arts degree from 
Brown in 1938 and election to the Rhode Is- 
land Heritage Hall of Fame in 1967. Of his 
life, Mr. Williams once told a reporter, "No- 
body could have had a more rewarding ex- 
perience." His father was the late/a)?ics A. 
Williaws 1890. Zeta Psi. Survivors include his 
wife, Charlotte Booth Williams, Box 191, 
Barnstable; a son, James; and a daughter, 
Jane. 

Tran/ William Ames '20, Lexington, Mass., 
manager of O'Brion, Russell & Co., Boston 
insurance brokers, prior to his retirement in 
1973 after fifty years with the firm; Feb. 11. 
Mr. Ames handled many of the largest con- 
struction accounts in the area for his firm and 
was considered an expert in dealings with 
financial institutions. He was an officer with 
a heavy artillery unit in World War I. In Lex- 
ington, Mr. Ames was chairman of the 
school committee, president of the historical 
society, and a member of the board of trus- 
tees of the library Active in scouting, he re- 
cently received the Silver Beaver Award. Phi 
Gamma Delta. Survivors include a son, Rus- 
sell, and a brother, George Frank Ames '28, of 
New Port Richey, Fla. 

Robert Nelson Carr '23, Gates Mills, Ohio, 
retired owner and president of the Great 
Lakes Carbon Co., Cleveland, and one-time 
treasurer of the Cleveland Brown Club; Feb. 
16. Following his retirement, Mr. Carr had 
worked part-time as an agent of the Execu- 
tive Tours Travel Agency in Cleveland. Delta 
Kappa Epsilon. Survivors include his wife, 
Harriet Simonds Carr, County Line Rd., 
Gates Mills; two sons, Robert Jr. '67, and 
Alvan; and a daughter, Margaret. 

John Patriek Doyle '24, Southampton, N.Y., 
prominent attorney in White Plains and 
Southampton for forty years and mayor of 
Mount Kisco (N.Y.) from 1932 to 1941; March 
7. He was a graduate of New York University 
Law School. He served in the Navy during 
World War I and was a commander in the 
Navy in World War II. "Denney" Doyle was 
a member of the board of education in 
Southampton and served as chairman of 
both the planning and zoning boards. Zeta 
Psi. Survivors include his wife, Genevieve 
Adrian Doyle, 11 Main St., Southampton; a 
son, Adrian; and a daughter, Joan. 

Helen Cecilia Darby '25, North Kingstown, 
R.I., teacher in the North Kingstown school 



system for thirty years prior to her retirement 
in 1966; March 5. Miss Darby was a past pres- 
ident of the North Kingstown Teachers' As- 
sociation and was named Woman of the Year 
in that community in 1966 by the Business 
and Professional Women's Clubs. Survivors 
include a sister, Elizabeth Darby Taylor, of 
Warwick, R.I. 

Edith May Sunimerscales '25, '32 A.M., Paw- 
tucket, R.I., teacher in the Pawtucket School 
System for fortv-three years until her retire- 
ment in 1973; March 26. For forty years. Miss 
Summerscales taught Latin, mathematics, 
and algebra at Goff Junior High. Survivors 
include two sisters. 

Pauline O'Connor Bell '26, Ocala, Fla., 
former journalist; March 2. While at Pem- 
broke, Mrs. Bell served as a correspondent 
for the Proz'idence ]ournal-Bulletin . Survivors 
include her husband. Rear Adm. Harman 
Brown Bell, USN (Ret.), 1737 S.E. 8th St., 
Ocala; a son, Harman; and a daughter, 
Suzanne. 

Dorothy Needham Case\i '26, Cranston, R.I., 
a staff member of the Museum of Art, Rhode 
Island School of Design, when she retired in 
1943; April 6. While on the museum staff, 
she lectured around the state on her special- 
ties, silver and ceramics, and she had written 
numerous articles for museum publications. 
She is survived by her sister, Elizabeth Tem- 
ple Casey, of Cranston. 

PaulHayne, jr. '26, Winter Park, Ra., regis- 
tered representative with Hayden Stone, 
Inc., Orlando, Fla.; Nov. 28. Mr. Havne 
earned his M.B.A. in 1928 from the Harvard 
Graduate School of Business Administra- 
tion. Entering the Army in 1942, he served as 
a lieutenant-colonel in the China, Burma, 
and India Theater during World War II. 
Sigma Chi. Survivors include his wife, 
Elizabeth Tomlin Hayne, P.O. Box 2, Winter 
Park, Fla. 

Hendnck Atioell Olney '26, Warwick, R.I., 
office manager for the Otis Elevator Co. in 
Boston and other locations for forty years 
prior to his retirement on Aug. 1, 1967; 
March 8. Mr. Olney was a lieutenant com- 
mander in the Navy during World War II, 
was a retired commander of the U.S. Naval 
Reserve, and was secretary of the Brown 
Navy Club. Survivors include his wife, Flor- 
ence Snow Olney, 90 Spofford Ave., War- 
wick; a son, Richard; and two daughters, 
Jacqueline and Marilyn. 

Charles Edirard Dou'd '27, New Haven, 
Conn., retired dean of the faculty and chair- 
man of the math department at Lakemont 
Academy, Lakemont, NY.; Feb. 2. Mr. 
Dowd was a captain in the Army Air Force 
during World War II in the Pacific Theater. 
He had a master's degree in education from 
Boston University. Survivors include his 
wife, Lee Rivers Dowd, 90 Park St., New 
Haven. 

John Loioer Cannon , Jr. '28, Cleveland, 
Ohio, owner of Management Equipment 
Co., Cleveland; March 17. Until recently, Mr. 
Cannon had also owned Oil Development 
Co. , an oil drilling business operated in West 



Virginia and Kentucky. He served as a pro- 
curement officer in the Naw during World 
War II. Alpha Delta Phi. Survivors include 
his wife, Bernice Nolin Cannon, 15700 Van 
Aken Blvd., Cleveland; a son, John; and a 
daughter, Caroline. 

In'ing Harcourt Harris '28, New York City, 
president of Harcourt-Harris, photog- 
raphers, and the founder of the Brown Uni- 
versity Band; March 1 at Kennedy Interna- 
tional Airport as he was returning from a va- 
cation in Scottsdale, Ariz. As president of 
Harcourt-Harris, which he founded in 1938, 
Mr. Harris and his staff photographed more 
than 25,000 weddings, specializing in un- 
usual picture opportunities in what had been 
a static field. Mr. Harris also photographed 
many of the world's notable figures, both in 
black and white and color. Before Mr, Harris 
formed the Brown Band in the fall of 1924, 
music at the football games had been limited 
to some singing by the students before the 
games and at halftime. The Brown Band saw 
its first "action" in 1924 at a campus rally for 
the football team, which was about to em- 
bark from Union Station for a meeting with 
the University of Chicago. With a freshman 
cap on his head and a homemade drum 
major's stick in his hand, Mr. Harris led the 
students through the Van Wickle Gates and 
down College Hill. As he admitted some 
years later, "The most petrifying thing was 
that I had half the student body and most of 
the faculty following me and at that time I 
didn't even know where Union Station 
was." Since 1932, the Harris University Band 
Cup has been presented each year to the 
member of the Brown Band who has done 
the most for the organization. Mr. Harris was 
a founder and president of the Professional 
Photographers Guild and during World War 
II served with the Army Signal Corps, train- 
ing photographers. He is survived by his 
wife, Beulah Horowitz Harris, 15 West 
81st St., New York City. 

Antia E. Ryan '28, Melrose, Mass., retired 
technician at Massachusetts General Hospi- 
tal, Boston; Jan. 30. Survivors are not 
known. 

Alice Shcpard Dougall '30, Mendham, N.J., 
free-lance writer; date unknown. Survivors 
are not known. 

Edward Carroll O'Neil '30, Johnstown, 
N.Y., retired field representative with the 
U.S. Department of Commerce; Oct. 6. 
Alpha Delta Phi. Survivors are not known. 

Richard Lauder Stedman '30, Orchard Park, 
NY., long-time employee of the New York 
Telephone Co.; July 17. Survivors include his 
son, Richard L. Stedman, Jr., 4099 North 
Freeman Rd., Orchard Park. 

George Bing Cable, Jr. '31, Newcastle, 
Maine, owner and operator of The Cables, a 
Newcastle gifts and handicrafts shop; Feb. 
29. Mr. Cable was a graduate of the New 
York University School of Retailing. Phi 
Delta Theta. Survivors include his wife, 
Olevia Haley Cable, River Rd., Newcastle; 
and two daughters, Ann and Elizabeth. 



45 



Everett Beatty Nelson '32, Providence, direc- 
tor of public relations and development at 
Roger Williams College, Bristol, R.I., for thir- 
teen years prior to his retirement in 1973, and 
former advertising and sales promotion 
manager for Barreled Sunlight Paint Co. of 
Providence for twenty-one years; March 15. 
Mr. Nelson was an art instructor at Brown 
and at the Rhode Island School of Design, 
from which he graduated. He later served as 
art critic for the Proindeiice founml-BuUetiii. He 
was past president of the School of Design 
Alumni Association and was active in many 
community groups, including the Provi- 
dence Art Club. Upon retiring from Roger 
Williams College in 1973, he was made a 
member of the college's corporation. Sur- 
vivors include his wife, Noniui Mnthcioson 
Nelsivi '26 (president of her class), ]09Halsev 
St., Providence; and a son, Peter. 

Miriam Saunders Sullivan "hi, Providence, 
teacher for thirty-seven years at the Candace 
Street School, Providence; April 3, Miss Sul- 
livan was one of the founders of the Literary 
Lights of Pembroke College and was a 
member of the Shakespearean Club of 
Providence. She is survived by a brother, 
Arthur J. Sullivan, 

Roland Kenyan Brown '33, Troy, N.Y., 
former director of athletics at Rensselaer 
Polytechnic Institute and later director of 
personnel until his retirement in 1974, and 
former head track coach at Brown; Feb. 24. 
He was head track coach and assistant foot- 
ball coach at Brown in 1942-43 before becom- 
ing a lieutenant in the Nav\' with assignment 
in the Pacific area. Mr. Brown was director of 
athletics at RPI from 1947 to 1950, at which 
time he was stricken with polio and confined 
to a wheelchair. He became director of per- 
sonnel the follovying year. At one time, Mr. 
Brown was president of his class, was a 
member of the Albany-Troy Brown Club, 
and served on the executive board of the 
U.S. Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association. 
Zeta Psi. Survivors include his wife, Doris 
Stevens Brown, 4 Diana PL, Troy; a son, 
Robert; a daughter, Constance; and two 
brothers, Walter '37 and Kennerley '39. 

John Prosser Cortlctt '34, Cleveland, Ohio, 
certified public accountant for thirty-two 
years and retired supervisor of Lybrand Ross 
Bros. & Montgomery, Cleveland; in March. 
Mr. Cortlett was a 1936 graduate of the Har- 
vard Business School and was a former 
vice-president of the Cleveland Brown Club. 
Phi Delta Theta. Survivors include his wife, 
Mary Marie, 20201 Lorain Rd., Apt. 407, 
Cleveland. 

John Lafayette Parks '36, New Paltz, N.Y., 
former vice-president of sales with Patch- 
ogue Realty Corp.; Dec. 24. Kappa Sigma. 
Survivors include his mother, Emma Parks, 
of Newburgh, N.Y. 

David Daly, jr. '40, Houston, Texas, former 
secretary to his father, the late David Daly, 
president of the Blackstone Valley Gas & 
Electric Co. of Rhode Island; March 3. Sur- 
vivors include his sister, Gertrude Daly 
Heych, of Houston. 



Charles Daniel Houlihan '43, Brookline, 
Mass., executive of the Love Furniture Co. of 
Stoneham and Hingham, Mass., and former 
president of Drake & Hersey Furniture Co. of 
Boston; March 8. Mr. HouUhan won five bat- 
tle stars while serving with the 36th Infantry 
Division during World War II. Delta Kappa 
EpsUon. Survivors include his wife, Barbara 
Keohane Houlihan, of Brookline; sons 
Charles and Frank; and a daughter, Barbara. 

Dr. Robert Vuicent Moesch '43, Hamburg, 
N.Y., an obstetrician and gynecologist in 
Buffalo, N.Y., for more than twent\--five 
years; March 26. The 1946 graduate of the 
University of Buffalo's School of Medicine 
spent hvo years in Sendal, Japan, where he 
was a general medical officer in the U.S. 
Army's 172nd Station Hospital. Mr. Moesch 
was an associate professor in the Department 
of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Univer- 
sity of Buffalo and, from 1968 to 1972, was 
chairman of obstetrics and gynecology at Mil- 
lard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo. Beta Theta 
Pi. Survivors include his wife, Anne Drex- 
elius Moesch, 5915 Lake Shore Rd., Ham- 
burg; four daughters, Sally, Barbara, 
Gretchen, and Amy; and two sons, John and 
Robert. 

George Landis Evans '45, Santa Monica, 
Calif., an art teacher in the Santa Monica 
area; May 1975. Mr. Evans was a Navy vete- 
ran of World War 11 and was a past historian 
of Phi Kappa Psi. Survivors are not known. 

Donienio jaines Villani '47, Red Bank, N.J., a 
Nav\' V-12 student at Brown for four semes- 
ters during World War II; date unknown. 
Survivors include his wife at 252 Spring Rd., 
Red Bank. 

Arthur Ediein Eriekson, ]r. '50, Avon, 
Conn., senior vice-president and a director 
of the Phoenix Life Insurance Co., Hartford, 
Conn.; Feb. 5 after his car was struck from 
behind by a truck. Mr. Eriekson joined 
Phoenix Mutual in 1953 after serving three 
years as an officer in the Navy. He was a 
scoutmaster in Avon and a fellow of the So- 
ciety of Actuaries. Phi Beta Kappa. Survivors 
include his wife, Nancy Reid Eriekson, 691 
Waterville Rd., Avon; a son, Carl; and hvo 
daughters, Margaret and Christina. 

Ralph Winsor Haslehurst, jr. '50, Attlehoro, 
Mass., director, treasurer, and general man- 
ager of the Providence Wholesale Drug Co., 
where he had been employed for the past 
twenty-seven years, and for the past five 
years president of the Pilgrim Medical & 
Surgical Supply Co. of Providence; Feb. 1. 
Mr. Haslehurst was on the advisory board of 
the College of Pharmacy of the University of 
Rhode Island and was a Navv veteran of 
World War II. Survivors include his wife, 
Helen Jean Richmond Haslehurst, 9 Rocky 
Terr., Attleboro; and three sons, Dayid, 
Mark, and Bruce. 

Charles Francis Martin '50, Westport, 
Mass., commodity trader for Weyerhaeuser 
Timber Co., Portsmouth, R.I.; Feb. 20. Mr. 
Martin was a World War II Navy veteran. 
Survivors include his wife, Inez Wood Mar- 
tin, 71 Davis St., Westport; and a daughter, 
Cheryl. 



Dr. Malcolm Steivart Artenstein '51, Poto- 
mac, Md., chief of bacteriology and virology 
at Walter Reed Arm\' Institute of Research in 
Washington, D.C.; March 9. In 1971 Dr. Ar-' 
tenstein, known wideh' for his research and 
teaching efforts in infectious diseases, was 
awarded the 29th Gorgas Medal for his dis- 
tinguished work in preventive medicine. He 
earned his M.D. from Tufts Medical School 
in 1955. Dr. Artenstein retired as a captain 
from the U.S. Army in 1964. Survivors in- 
clude his wife, Sylvia Corman Artenstein, 
8511 Wilkesboro Ln., Potomac; a daughter, 
Lisa; and a son, Andrew. 

Anne Rn/nolds Phillifis '53 Ph.D., Houston, 
Texas, associate professor of English at the 
University of Houston; Jan. 19 of asphyxia- 
tion during a fire at her home. Professor Phil- 
lips held bachelor's and master's degrees 
from the University of Texas and had taught 
at the University of Houstcin since 1946. Sur- 
vivors include her husband. Prof. Gerald C. 
Phillips (Rice University), 5636 Longmont, 
Houston; and a son, Cleve. 

Julius Gerald Sutton '54, Manchester, 
Conn., self-employed personnel consultant 
and former vice-president of the Zavre 
Corp.; Feb. 29. Mr. Sutton was a 1958 
graduate of the University of Pennsylvania's 
Wharton School. From 1954 to 1956'he 
served in the Navy. Survivors include his 
wife, Rivelle Swartz Sutton, 4 Hastings St., 
Framingham; a son, David; two daughters, 
Cathy and Michelle; and his mother, Ahce 
Lippman Sutton '28. 

Frank Joseph Hills, Jr. '57, Bernardsville, 
N.J., president-treasurer of Frank J. Hills, 
Inc., automatic fire sprinkler firm in Gar- 
wood, N.J.; Dec. 21. Alpha Delta Phi. Sur- 
vivors iclude his wife, Suzanne Clark Hills, 
41 Mine Mount Rd., Bernardsville; and three 
daughters, Sarah, Alexandra, and Christina. 

Claire Dunn Pliakas Taft '62, North Kings- 
town, R.I.;Feb. 9. Mrs. Taft entered with the 
class of 1949 but took her degree in 1962. 
Survivors are not known 

Herbert H. Karp '65 A.M., '68 Ph.D., West 
Orange, N.J., former assistant professor of 
sociology, Michigan State Universih"; Dec. 9, 
1973. Professor Karp was a graduate of the 
University of Michigan. Survivors include 
his wife, Beverly Karp, 1480 Pleasant Valley 
Way #30, West'Orange. 

John Marshall Kirk, Jr. '71 Ph.D., Middle- 
bury, Vt., former headmaster of the Allen 
School, Bryan, Texas, and a specialist in 
medieval studies; Jan. 22. A 1962 Princeton 
graduate. Professor Kirk received his mas- 
ter's degree from Oxford Universit\' in Eng- 
land and then was assistant professor and 
chairman of the committee for medieval 
studies at the Universit\- of Colorado. Sur- 
vivors include his wife, Alison Webber Kirk, 
Middlebury; and two sons, John and James. 

Michael George Reynolds '71, Ro\alOak, 
Mich.; killed in an automobile accident in 
October 1975. He is survived by his parents 
at 2704 Vinsetta Blvd., Royal Oak. 



46 




MfflM 



Do we have a 
"right to die"? 

Editor: I am presently working at a nurs- 
ing home where for some there is not much 
"quality of life," and I was frightened by the 
staff at Brown who presented their ideas in 
your recent article entitled "Right to Die" 
(BAM, Jan./Feb.). 

Professor Ladd speaks of the principle of 
self-determination. Why does he not come 
right out with the meaning of the term? 
Self-determination is simply the "right to 
suicide " 

Associate Professor Brock wants a moral 
definition of "person " The concept of "per- 
son" is metaphysical. You don't define a 
"good glass of beer" as one that is morally 
correct to drink. It has tci be defined on a dif- 
ferent level or you might find vou are talking 
about soda instead of beer. 

Then he wants the law to decide on the 
right to die. How can human law decide who 
should die? Perhaps Hitler's guidelines 
should be used. Even at present, capital 
punishment is being rethought. 

Professor Cobb sounds like he is in favor 
of mediocre doctors when he speaks of doc- 
tors not wanting to give much effort in sup- 
porting some cases. He is correct, however, 
when he says that self-determination is 
difficult to face. Cold-blooded suicide would 
be difficult, but 1 would hate to know that my 
friends would decide that 1 should be mur- 
dered because perhaps at some time 1 passed 
a casual remark at a party to the effect that I 
would not want to waste away in a nursing 
home. 

Dr. Kass has the same idea of consensus 
for the right to die. It is superficial, just like 
the answer 1 give. Ten doctors decide that a 
patient is terminally ill of cancer, and all of a 
sudden a cure is discovered for cancer. 

Only Dr. Davis and Mr. Twiss saved my 
belief in Brown University. All the argu- 
ments they put forth support the right to life, 
not the right to death. They got to the es- 
sence of the matter, namely, we are dealing 
with persons and this gets to the metaphysi- 
cal question, "What is a person?" Why use 
the word "person" anyway? Is there a fun- 
damental difference between a person and 
an animal? Or a person and a non-person? 
Or a person and a corpse? 

Davis won't define non-person but 
defines person indirectly by saying that a 
baby born without a brain is not a person. 
Twiss, who claims to know the difference be- 
tween a person and a non-person, ends the 
article wondering if Karen Quinlan is a per- 
son or a non-person. He says, "There seems 
to be sufficient ambiguity ... to support the 
contention that she is still a person. If that's 



the case she must be kept alive." Davis 
agrees. 

What all this rhetoric amounts to is very 
important. It simply means that the right to 
life must be preserved especially when we 
are in doubt. This is in conformity with the 
Judeo-Christian ethics 1 was taught and 
which this country and Brown were founded 
upon. 

WILLIAM F. SPINNER '64 
Fall River. Mass. 

Editor: The time has come to take 
typewriter in hand and take the Brown 
Alumni Monthly to task again. Anyone 
launching a debate on death in the printed 
media should be fined $100 payable to the 
Zaria district hospital in Nigeria, which ac- 
cording to the latest issue of the American 
Journal of Medidnc lacks even the simplest 
respiratory support machinery required to 
save lives that we in this country debate end- 
ing. Seriously, all debates on this issue fall 
into the category of angel on the head of pin 
debates that used to divert the attention of 
learned professors a few centuries ago as 
they have nothing to do with reality . . . that 
is no matter what the learned lollygaggers 
decide, no matter what the family says, no 
matter what the patient has previously 
signed, no matter even what the lawyers, 
congressmen or judges attempt to dictate, I 
will do what I think is best for the patient. 

The reasons for this are multitudinous 
but somewhat diffuse. About 700 B.C. 
(perhaps a classicist can correct the date) the 
school of Hippocrates first separated the 
physician from the magician, the physician 
being one who would use his rational pow- 
ers in an attempt to improve the well being of 
the patient as best his science and humanity 
would allow, but who would specifically re- 
frain from killing him. It was sort of a truth- 
in-labeling policy as previously the shaman 
was as capable of putting a curse on you as in 
curing you. Ancither element is based on im- 
precision ... I don't reallv know who will 
survive and who will not. Harvard criteria 
notwithstanding, therefore 1 won't give up if 
at all possible. (As one of my residents would 
say when I was an intern, "If the Good Lord 
wants him, he'll take him, vou don't have to 
hurry things along.") 

Finally, there was my father's simple in- 
junction, "Dead patients pay no bills." A 
universal flaw in all such discussions 1 have 
seen is that at no time has an actual prac- 
titioner been interviewed whose concern is 
the patient himself ... it is always profes- 
sors of this and that who really have no in- 
terest in the single human being who has 
placed his faith in his own doctor saying 
something to the effect "make me better if 



you can, but win or lose, you're the doctor" 
. . . those who carry such responsibilitv are 
not so facile, not so smooth at turning a de- 
bating point but are still the onl\' ones who 
decide what the next step in the treatment is. 



G. MEADORS IH, M.D. 
Oakland, Md. 



'66 



The hockey team in Denver 

Editor: It was with pride in Brown Uni- 
versity that 1 watched the NCAA consolation 
hockey game (in Denver]. The players were 
fine representatives of the traditions they 
come from. The pep band was incessant in 
its fine performance. 1 was proud to be a 
Brown alumnus. 

1 thought you would like to know that 
Professor Carberry was here, too. 

KENNETH FOX '64 
Denver, Colo. 

The writer enclosed a letter to the Denver Post 
from Professor Carhcrn/. in which he complained 
about the condition of the ice. — Editor 



"Glossy paper" 

Editor: 1 agree with Joseph Juhasz's 
(Camming the Mail, BAM, October) analysis 
of the moral bankruptcy of a University that 
places glossy-paper magazines as a higher 
priority than scholarships for black students. 
I realize you must please a wide variety of 
people, but you certainly haven't done much 
to educate the George Olivers (Carrying the 
Mail, BAA'!, July/August) of the alumni. Nor 
have you given more than token coverage to 
the women of the University. Please save $3 
by not sending me any more issues of the 
Alumni Monthly. Surely the money can be 
put to better use. 

VICKY A, GRAY'70Ph.D. 
Halifax, Nova Scotia 



47 




edited by Barry Beckham 



"A roadmap for policymakers on both sides of the Atlantic" 



The Fate of the Atlantic Community 

by Elliot R. Goodman 

Praeger, New York, 1975 

583 pp., cloth, $27.50 

Academic Market Place, Lavallette, 

New Jersey, 1975; paperback, $5.75 

There must have been times when 
Professor Goodman was completing 
this book when he wondered whether it 
would have only historical (rather than 
current) interest to the reader. 

Relations between Europe and the 
United States seemed too deeply riven 
in the acrimonious aftermath of the 
Yom Kippur War, the Arab oil embargo, 
and OPEC's price increases for anyone 
to doubt the 'Tate of the Atlantic Com- 
munity." Indeed, the final chapter 
entitled "Epilogue: A Look Ahead" 
ends on a note of grave concern: 

"It is fashionable to view the future 
of the Atlantic Community with pes- 
simism — and with good reason. 'The 
correlation of forces,' as the Soviets 
would say, seem to be shifting against 
the West. 

"A breakdown in the intimate col- 
laboration that has characterized so 
much of the post-war practices of West- 
ern societies would now have catas- 
trophic ramifications, not just for 
economic order, but for the political and 
social structures associated with it. In a 
word, the Atlantic Community is enter- 
ing a truly critical period and its gravest 
tests lie ahead." 

Except for the epilogue, this excel- 
lent book strikes an optimistic note. Pro- 
fessor Goodman combines pertinent de- 
tail, incisive historical analysis, and very 
readable prose with sound recom- 
mendations for constructive action 
whenever the times once again are 
propitious for building an Atlantic 
Community. Thus, he has written a 
book not just for the student of history. 
Hie Fate of the Atlantic Community is first 
and foremost a road map for policy- 
makers on each side of the Atlantic who 
wish to build a new, enduring relation- 
ship between North America and 
Europe that will avoid the pitfalls that 
have hampered progress for more than 
a decade. 

If the darkest hour is just before the 
dawn. Professor Goodman's publica- 



tion date could not have been more 
timely. In the months since publication, 
perhaps greater progress has been 
made towards revitalizing the Atlantic 
Community than at any time since the 
early, heady days following the Mar- 
shall Plan and the North Atlantic Trea- 
ty. Once again, there is constructive 
movement within the Alliance, within 
GATT, within the IMF, between the 
U.S. and the European Community — 
the many postwar institutions that to- 
gether serve the nations of the Atlantic 
Community. 

At the NATO summit in June 1975, 
President Ford called upon our NATO 
allies to begin the long-neglected task of 
standardizing our weapons by sharing 
weapons development and production 
responsibilities, thereby making better 
use of our collective defense resources 
and enhancing the military effective- 
ness of the Alliance. Ten European de- 
fense ministers responded in November 
by agreeing in principle to establish a 
European Defense Procurement Sec- 
retariat, as a first step towards solving 
the "inter-related questions of standard- 
ization, European equipment collabora- 
tion, and European/North American 
cooperation in defense procurement." 

The Franco- American agreement at 
the Rambouillet summit in November 
set the stage for the historic IMF agree- 
ment in January 1976, finally de- 
monetizing gold, and establishing a 
new monetary system based upon the 
Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) and 
floating exchange rates. 

In January also, the Tindemans Re- 
port to the European Community pro- 
posed that the Nine should work 
towards a joint defense policy, starting 
with the coordination of detente efforts 
and arms procurement. The report calls 
for a much stronger coordination of 
European foreign policy, particularly 
towards the United States. And it pro- 
poses sending a "European" represent- 
ative to Washington to reach new 
agreements on the form of future Atlan- 
tic relations. 

What will come of all this activity? 
Will an ever more united Europe join 
the United States and Canada in build- 
ing an Atlantic Community? The an- 
swer should be in the affirmative, if 



policymakers will heed Professor 
Goodman's "fundamental thesis that 
the movement towards European Union 
must be accompanied by a strengthen- 
ing of the Atlantic organs of joint plan- 
ning and decision-making, since it is 
dangerous to speak only of the need for 
European Union without thinking 
simultaneously of commensurate steps 
towards firmer trans- Atlantic ties." 

Recent developments offer the 
hope that interdependence will become 
more than a rhetorical flourish. The 
leaders of North America and Europe 
seem now to recognize (in Professor 
Goodman's words) that "the funda- 
mental task of the West is to generate 
the capacity to solve common problems 
by means of common policies formu- 
lated through common institutions." 

The Fate of the Atlantic Community 
deserves a wide readership among 
those interested in attaining these goals. 

Thomas A. Callaghan, Jr. 

Elliot R. Goodman is a professor of political 
science at Broion. TJiomas A. Callaghan, 
Jr., is the author of the so-called Callaghan 
Report, more formally titled U.S. /Euro- 
pean Economic Cooperation in Military 
and Civil Technology (CetJter for Strategic 
and International Studies, Georgetown 
University, Washington, D.C., 1975, 
126 pp., paperback, $3.95). 



48 



The Award Winning 




Acadennic enrichment by a Brown Faculty mennber 

The cannaraderie and fun of fellow Brunonians and friends 

The assistance of a member of the University staff 



June 14-22, 1976 






$369 -1- 15%, Sold Out 
(Waiting List only) 


Sept. 1-13, 1976 


(air only) 
(Optional land arrangements 
available) 




$267 


Nov. 29-Dec. 6, 1976 






$299 -1- 15% 


Feb. 5-16, 1976 


ribbean Fly-Cruis 




$850 -1- 10% 


May 2-15, 1977 


The Art Capitols of the World 

(London, Paris, Rome, 
Florence, Madrid) 




$799 -1- 15% 


June 9-19, 1977 


Safari 




$699 + 15% 


July 9-19, 1977 


(Brussels, The Rhine, Munich) 




$729 + 15% 


Aug. 26-Sept. 9, 1977 


(Copenhagen, Hamburg, Amsterda 
sinki, Leningrad, Stockholm, Visby, 


m, Hel- 
Londoi 


$1979 and up 
n) 



All tours, except where indicated, include at least the following: 

Round-trip jet air service to points of destination 

Deluxe to First Class accomodations for length of program 

Half-day city sightseeing tours of major cities 

Breakfast, in most instances, and on cruises and safaris, most additional meals 

All gratuities for porters, bellboys, chambermaids 

For further information contact: 



Associate Director of Alumni Relations 

Brown University 

Providence, Rl 02912 

401-863-3306 (between 4:00 and 5:00 pm) 

A brochure containing an outline of the programs will be sent to all alumni and 
alumnae as soon as the programs are finalized.