I trjewibn i\t:iigiuub experience iNeuMi ^^^p rownmu r^fwr THE EMERGENCE 1*^ *' J OF PHARISAIC JUDAISM JUDAISM * ''' 4?/ J Alumni Travel Program 1979-1980 This travel program is a special one for alumni of Harvard. Yale, Princeton, Cornell, Columbia, M.I.T., Brown, Dartmouth, Univ. of Penn- sylvania and certain other distinguished univer- sities and for members of their families. Designed for educated and intelligent travelers, it is planned for persons who might normally prefer to travel independently, visiting distant lands and regions where it is advantageous to travel as a group. The programs avoid the excessive regimentation normally associated with group travel, and are planned to include generous amounts of leisure time in the course of travel to allow for individual interests. 1979 represents the 15th year for the program. Additional new itineraries are in the planning stage as well, including the Galapagos, southern India, the People's Republic of China and other areas. REALMS OF ANTIQUITY: Journeys into the past to explore the history and civilization of the ancient world. One itinerary of 17 days — VALLEY OF THE Mif— offers a comprehensive and authoritative survey of ancient Egypt. Start- ing with the British Museum and the Rosetta Stone, it visits the great monuments of ancient Egypt stretching along the Nile Valley from Memphis and Cairo to Abu Simbel near the border of the Sudan, including a cruise on the Nile from Luxor to Aswan. A second itinerary— /»£G£/»N ADVENTURE— coven the archeological treasures of classical antiquity in the lands of the Aegean in a journey of 23 days. It in- cludes not only the historic sites of ancient Greece but also a rare view of ancient cities in Asia Minor, including the ruins of Troy, and in addi- tion includes a cruise through the Aegean to Crete and other Aegean isles. A third itmerary — the MEDITERRANEAN ODYSSEY— it a 22-day journey which follows the spread of classical antiquity into the western Mediterranean: the splendid ruins of the classical Greek cities of Sicily, the historic ruins of Carthage, ancient Roman cities in North Africa, and the fortress cities of - . medieval Crusaders on the rocky isle of Malta. ^... EAST AFRICA: A distinctive program of safaris, ranging in length from 16 to 32 days, to the great game-viewing areas of Kenya and Tan- zania and to the beautiful islands of the Seychelles. Led by experts on East African wildlife, the itineraries are carefully planned and comprehensive, offering an unusually complete opportunity to see and photograph the wildlife of Africa. THE SOUTH PACIFIC anJ EXPEDI TION TO NEV^ GUINEA: The island conti- nent of Australia and the islands of New 2^aland are covered by the SOUTH PACIFIC. 28 days, unfolding a world of Maori villages, boiling geysers, fiords and snow-capped mountains, ski plane flights over glacier snows, jet boat rides, sheep ranches, penguins, the Australian "Out- back," historic convict settlements and the Great Barrier Reef. The primitive and beautiful world lying slightly to the north is seen in the 24-day EXPEDITION TO NEW GUINEA, a rare glimpse into a vanishing world of Stone Age tribes and customs. Includes the famous Highlands of New Guinea, with Sing Sings and tribal cultural per- formances, and the remote villages of the Sepik River and the vast Sepik Plain, as well as the North Coast at Madang and Wewak and the beautiful volcanic island of New Britain. For both tours, optional post-tour visits can be made to other islands of the southern Pacific, such as Fiji and Tahiti. CENTRAL ASIA AND THE HIMA LA YAS: A choice of 23 or 29-day itineraries ex ploring the vast historic and cultural heritage ot India, the untamed Northwest Frontier region ot Pakistan and the remote mountain kingdom of Nepal. Includes the famed Khyber Pass, impos- ing Moghul forts, sculptured temples, lavish palaces, formal gardens, the teeming banks of the Ganges, snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas along the roof of the world, picturesque cities and villages, the splendor of the Taj Mahal, and hotels which once were palaces of maharajas. THE FAR EAST: Two itineraries which of- ter a fascinating insight into the lands and islands of the East. THE ORIENT. 29 days, is a classic tour of ancient and modern japan, with special emphasis on the cultural treasures of Kyoto, and includes as well the important cities of Southeast Asia, from Singapore and Hong Kong to the temples and palaces of Bangkok and the island of Bah. A different and unusual perspective is of- fered in BEYOND THE JAVA SEA, 34 days, a journey through the tropics of the Far East from Manila and the island fortress of Corregidor to headhunter villages in the jungle of Borneo, the ancient civilizations of Ceylon, Batak tribal villages in Sumatra, the tropical island of Penang, and ancient temples in Java and Bali. SOUTH AMERICA: An unusually com- prehensive 28-day journey through the vast con- tinent of South America, with dazzling pre- Columbian gold, ornate colonial churches and palaces, the ruins of the ancient Inca civilization, snow-capped peaks of the Andes, famed Iguassu Falls, the futuristic city of Brasilia, and other sights. Optional post-tour extensions are available to Manaus, in the heart of the jungle of the Amazon, and to Panama. Prices range from $2,215 lo $4,175 jrom US. points oj departure. Air travel is on regularly scheduled flights oj major airlines, utilizing reduced fares which sane as much as $600.00 and more over normal fares. Fully descriptive brochures are available, setting forth the itineraries in detail and listing departure dates, hotels, lour rates, and other information. For full details contact: ALUMNI FLIGHTS ABROAD Dept. BAMl White Plains Plaza One North Broadway White Plains, New York 10601 Alumni Monthly March 1979, Vol. 79, No. 6 Editor Robert M. Rhodes Associate Editors Debra Shore John F. Barry, Jr. '50 Editorial Associate Janet M. Phillips 70 iDesign Consultant Kathryn de Boer (Board of Editors (Chairman James E. DuBois '50 Vice Chairman Patricia Simon Schwadron '72 Barry Beckham '66 Cornelia D. Dean '69 Peter G. Fradley '50 John J. Monaghan '55 Stuart C. Sherman '39 Dr. Sanford W. Udis '41 Roger Vaughan '59 Elizabeth Weed '73 Ph.D. ® 1979 by Browi: Alumni Mmilhly Published monthly, except )anuary, July, and August, by Brown University, Providence, R.l. Printed by The Lane Press, Burlington, Vt Editorial offices are in Nicholson House, 71 George St., Providence, R.I, 02906. Member, Council for Advancement and Support of Educahon. The Mtmthtif is sent to all Brown alumni. Please allow eight weeks for changes-of-address. page 24 page 28 In this issue 16 Jacob in the Lion's Den Ungerleider Distinguished Scholar of Judaic Studies Jacob Neusner is a Talmudic scholar who has been described by students variously as "abrasive, demanding, brilliant, concerned, tyrannical, arbitrary, and opinionated." He is more often called "one of the most intelligent and exciting professors alive today." 24 The Chattertocks Twenty-eight years ago, a group of Pembroke students decided to do a parodv of the Brown men's singing group, the Jabberwocks. Today the Chattertocks are the sole sur\'iving Pembroke campus organization — and they have long since outlived the Jabberwocks. 28 Sign Language Sign theory has been around since Plato, but semiotics, the study of signs and systems of communication, is a relatively new — and burgeoning — academic discipline, which Brown is helping to pioneer. 32 Michael K. Evans — Econometrician Mike Evans '60 is one of a new breed of economist, and the economic forecasting company he founded a decade ago is now one of the two largest and most influential in the nation. Departments 2 Carrying the Mail 9 Under the Elms 13 Sports 38 The Classes 42 Profile; Ira Schreiber '50 46 Profile: Leslie Armstrong '62 52 Deaths 54 A Tribute to Alfred E. Lownes '20 56 On Stage Ciiticr design by Kathryn de Boer, from photographs by John Foraste ()/ Jacob Neusner and some of the books he has written. incomparable ALL 3 are YOUNG RESORTS SUGAHglMI INN WARREN awe VERMONT A resort for all seasons John Gardiner Tennis Clinics 16 tennis courts. Robert Trent Jones IShole ctiampionstiip course Sauna, heated outdoor pool, riding, skiing, cross country skiing. Inclusive Plans for all sports and family. Tel. 802'583'230l. fX- OCHO RIOS Z^^~^ JAI^AICA. W I A luxurious way to escape True colonial at- mosptiere. Impeccable Jamaican service: 120 dedicated staff for 130 guests Cuisine to exacting standards Two beacties. tennis, golf and all water sports. 'CDLDNVyCLUQ AT SOMERSET BRIDGfc • BERr^UDA The charm and elegance of an unique Ber- mudian cottage colony. Golf and tennis at their very best. Exquisite cuisine and memorable service to round out the finest Bermuda has to offer. See ^ur travel agent or David B. Mitchell. 777 Third Ave., N.Y. 1001 7 (212)371-1323 Sex-blind policies Editor: In response to several alumni comments on the desirability of equal alumni contributions . . . When the female college graduate's wages are equal (instead of only 60 percent) to the male college graduate's wages, then will the women's donations be equal to the men's donations. KAY ANDERSON ARIHSTRONG '60 Drexel Hill. Pa. Editor: At the risk of being considered a male chauvinist, I would like to comment on President Swearer's announcement (BAM, November) that, as a result of Brown's sex- blind admissions policy, a roughly one-to- one ratio of women to men was reached in this year's freshman class, and will continue in the future. First, the actual percentage admitted to this class was 53 per cent women, 47 per cent men, or more than one to one, the figures being 728 women, 656 men. Now, take a look at the following: Ap- plying to Brown in the class of '82 were 6,364 men, 4,246 women. The inference can be made that the admissions office, with the blessing of the president, has set a quota — a contentious word — on the number and per- centage of men and women to be admitted each year. Granting their right to do so, it is, nonetheless, a form of discrimination, and it's obvious. Or look at it this way. Are we to assume that the admissions office has received appli- cations from a vastly greater number of un- qualified men as compared to women? If this isn't the fact, then the admissions office is guilty of not accepting the best qualified in- dividual, regardless of sex — a great disser- vice to the individuals concerned and to Brown. How about giving your readers the admissions office's side of this issue? LOU FARBER '29 Tucson, Ariz. Editor: In response to Mr. Kilgore Mac- farlane's letter regarding sex-blind admis- sions at Brown (BAM, December), 1 feel that a few comments are in order. The point of sex-blind admissions is to admit the most qualified candidates, be they male or female. By the very nature of this pol- icy, the number of women undergraduates mav increase on the merits of the women themselves, but only at the expense of the so-called male segment if the latter is less qualified. If Mr. Macfarlane had continued with his study, I'm sure he would also have found that alumni giving by wealthy individuals far outweighs that of the less- well-off. Would he then like to see an admissions policy which favors the rich? If Brown is, in fact, "out of step with the other Ivy League colleges," more power to her. Brown's willingness to explore and to lead, as seen by its unique educational phi- losophy, has established Brown as one of the nation's most popular schools today. This atmosphere was one of the major factors that attracted me, and many of my peers, to Brown in the first place. TODD RICHIV1AN '79 Campus Editor: Recently in "Carrying the Mail" there appeared some opinions which have disheartened and disappointed us. We look at "sex-blind" admissions in a much differ- ent light than that of certain alumni who see this inshtution's primary objective as finan- cial self-preservation and decTy the results, both implied and real, towards Brown women. We have always envisaged Brown's role in society as one of providing the highest quality education to the most gifted indi- viduals. What is best for Brown is to maintain high standards in selection of students; es- tablishing acceptance appropriate to total applications of each sex is hardly in keeping with such a goal. We should be proud of a sex-blind standard and offer to educate the best individuals, regardless of sex. Women and men will then continue to demonstrate the excellence in thinking manifested and practiced at Brown. As students during Brown's retrench- ment, we are not so idealistic as to blindly condemn the University to bankruptcy. Realistically, we must recall that "sex-blind" opportunities are only now being realized. For this reason past stahstics must be dis- counted regarding donations to Brown and other universities. As Brown women con- tinue to enhance their positions in the busi- ness world their contributions to Brown will, we believe, rise in correspondence with their aggregate income. In short, we should keep in mind that Brown is an educational center of the highest caliber and reputation, not a financial in- stitution. We should continue to be a leader in innovative education, in the classroom and in the admissions office. We applaud the admissions policies which gave us the class jf '82, and believe that alumni and alumnae should be proud that Brown is taking a leadership position in this area. Innovafion, rather than imitation, should confinue to be the goal of Brown as it defends its high stan- dards of educafion. RONALD E. WILSON 78 RICHARD M. HIRSH '79 Zampus Editor: We read with interest Kilgore Macfarlane's letter . . . Mr. Macfarlane is concerned that equality in admissions oppor- tunity for women will diminish Brown's financial resources. Like many of his fellows in other areas, Mr. Macfarlane worries that schools cannot "afford" sexual equality. It is a familiar re- frain. Whatever our credenfials, the Macfar- lanes of the world have always told us that we have less potential than our male peers and, therefore, deserve less opportunity — for the good of the organizafion. We suggest that women have given less to their schools over the years because women have earned less, or nothing at all. Brown is setfing its house in order. Sfimulated by this example. Brown alumni — both women and men — may do likewise. ARVA J. ROSENFELD CLARK '55 Lexington, Mass. REBECCA L. CLARK '82 Campus Editor: My first reacfion to the letters from J. William Flynn '59 and Kilgore Macfar- lane '23 (BAM, December) was resentment. Isn't that typical? I thought. If women can win by the rules, Flynn and Macfarlane reason, there must be something wrong with the rules. If sex-blind admissions work to the advantage of women, then it's time to think of who's footing the bills, alumni or alumnae? The more 1 thought about their letters, the more I thought these men were right. Why should admission to Brown be sex- blind when hardly any other institufion in the United States is sex-blind? If the average college-educated woman in the United States earns less than the average male high-school graduate, how can alumnae contribute as Maupintour's Western/Eastern MAUPINTOUR QUALITY SCANDINAVIA High quality escorted tours. In-depth sightseeing, the right hotels, most meals, entertainments, limited size. Comprehensive but unhurried, time for your own adventures. 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Can't a man who has an A.B. h'om Brown, regardless of his IQ and grade-point average, earn more than a woman who has an A.B. from Brown? Can't he give more money to Brown? Isn't Brown a business? Isn't education supposed to be profit- making? How lucky we are to have someone like Mr. Macfarlane, who knows "what is best for Brown University," keeping an eye on the profits and losses. PHYLLIS MARSTELLER '64 Metuchen, N.J. 'I protest . . .' Editor: The women at Brown assure us that we women have financial responsibility — financial clout, shall we say. That being so, 1 shall withhold any gifts to the Univer- sity (except to contribute to the Broim Alumni Monthly through which I hear of news at Brown). I protest the loss of Pembroke College; I protest the Lamphere decision; I protest the denial to the clergy the responsibility of the presidency; 1 protest the accelerated sports program for women; I protest the less is more spirit of the University. 1 suggest that the influence of women in teaching posts has lead [sic] to the inability of children to read or vvrite. Furthermore, I insist that the interest in old wives tales be relegated to the sphere of astrology; and that psychology find its place again in the triduum of theology, phi- losophy, and psychology as before. JANET MIX SMITH '39 Freehold. N.J. 'No tears' Editor: There were no tears in my eyes when I read "Point of View" in the November 1978 issue concerning defaults on student loans. Too bad these "honor" grad- uates take their obligations so lightly. The rationalizations made interesting reading: interferes with a career, the fault of the economy, the fault of some technicality, etc. In short, anything and everything but "me." I would suggest that the reasons are not so terribly sophisticated. What's wrong with the simple explanation that it's a matter of tr\ing to get something for nothing. There's nothing new in this — there have always been deadbeats. My concern is primarily for those needy and deserving students whose chances for such loans are diminished by the flagrant disregard of a few. This should not be allowed to happen. The failure to pay for education received is part and parcel of one's school record and this fact should be duly noted for such stu- dents. I would be interested in knowing this The civilized wa^y to see Greece. There are manv brochures around that give you bits and pieces of Greece. Traveline's book gives you the w ht)le Greece. Its packed with sun and fun. Greek Isles" cruises. Tours of Classical Greece. Elegant escorted tours. Many plans add Egypt or Israel. All include .•ichediiled&eT\''\ce on the No. 1 nonstop airline to Greece. Olympic Airways. Mail tfiis or see your travel agent. But don't see Greece without seeing our book. You'd miss too much. Get the complete, unabridged book on Greece. TRfivain6 For free book, mail to Traveline. Inc.. 635 Madison .Ave.. NY. NY 10022 Other offices: Beverly Hills. FaUs Church. VA; Hollywood. FL; Indianapolis. Toronto. Name ■Address City State Zip Travel .Aeenl if I were considering hiring one. I would be more than interested in knowing this if my daughter were considering marrying one. DANIEL P. HYNEK (Parent) Lowell, Mass. Keeney and the CIA Editor: I have always had a great deal of admiration for our twelfth president, Bar- naby Keeney, for his outstanding work as president of the University, for his service to our nahon, and in particular, as a superb human being. This admiration increased greatly when 1 read of his service with the Central Intelli- gence Agency and after reading his appro- priate comments about the propriety of serv- ing one's country. The typical "knee-jerk" reaction of the Rhode Island ACLU and their infantile charge that such associations have a "chilling effect" on free speech at the University makes one question the true motivahon of the ACLU. The only "chill" that I can see is a highly visible absence of ACLU-led campus demonstrations against the "chilling effect" of the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia, the massive Cuban operation in Africa, and the Soviet domination of the Middle East. I was further amazed that Dr. Swearer would roll over and play dead for the ACLU and assist them in this continuing "witch hunt" of CLA officials, and former CIA em- ployees. America needs a strong intelligence effort! The absence of one should be well known to all students of history. This de- grading "witch hunt" of CIA employees has cost the life of a Rhode Island resident, Richard Welch, the former stahon chief in Greece, and untold friends in foreign na- tions. Unless it stops, the "chill" the ACLU will feel will be the cold winds of Siberia. Along with many other graduates, I have been truly dismayed at Brown's great leap leftward in the past few years and get concerned when fellow alumni tell me they also are looking elsewhere for worthwhile insdtutions to donate to because of Brown's leftward tilt. The achons of the ACLU and Dr. Swearer could certainly have a "chilling effect" on Brown's financial strength. ANDREW E. ANDERSEN '53, Lt. Col. USMC (Ret.) Albany, N.Y. Editor: I remember very well Barnaby Keeney's chapel lectures on the Renaissance tradition, and the obligation of the University to carry on the spirit of humanism. It is sad to read that Dr. Keeney was a CIA operative, and ser\'ed as chairman of the board of direc- tors of the notorious Human Ecology Fund while still president of Brown. That organi- zarion was responsible for the "LSD testing on human subjects," a tragic, monstrous act that no rationalization about "national secu- rity" can condone. The University has much to answer for. Until the most thorough-going investigation establishes that there are no links between the Brown community and the CIA and/or other agencies of government that have an interest in the corruption of academic life, no student can be sure that he and the rest of the Brown community are really pursuing what the academic tradition of Europe and the U.S. has always promised: the unfettered pursuit of truth, free of domination or control by the state. ROBERT E. MOIR '61 fair Haven, N.]. On Capitol Hill Editor: I am naturally interested in the December BAM story on Lee Verstandig, administrative assistant to the junior Rhode Island Senator John Chafee, because I took the same job with junior Rhode Island Senator Felix Hebert, starting in 1929. The fifty-year span reveals many similarities, but many startling differences, in what the job entails. As to differences, the position is now called senator's "administrative assistant"; then it was senator's "secretary." The senator's staff then numbered four people; now it runs to twenty or more, with addi- tional committee staffs. When Senator Hebert became chairman of a regular and a special Senate committee, I became clerk of both, and our regular staff was expected to double as committee aides. Verstandig is paid $45,000 annually; I re- ceived $3,900, less a 15-percent reduction due to our being in the great '30s Depression, when Congress took a compassionate cut in pay. Senators and representatives, and their staffs, stuck close to Washington in those days because transportation was by train or auto. It was a day's or a night's journey from the capital to Rhode Island. West Coast legis- lators rarely got home except between Con- gressional sessions, which, however, were shorter then than now. Today's fast transportation and com- munications, which quicken the pace of Congressional activity, plus the population increase in each legislator's constituency, perhaps require the increase of staffs to a degree that has resulted in a Congressional bureaucracy matching the federal executive bureaucracy. Senatorial staffs today are compounded of specialists in various politi- cally related fields. Our small staffs did not specialize; we did whatever the job called for on a day-to-day basis. However, the Verstandig article shows many similarities over the fifty-year span, politics being the great common denomi- nator. Not only are senatorial duties related to legislation on the Hill, but also the tasks of pressing constituents' concerns with the executive departments downtown were and are a major responsibility of a senator's Villa Banfi. 12 superb wines whose time has come. Labeled "Naturally Pure" because they are pure and natural. Don't take these words lightly. They are behind the excellent quality in every botde of Villa Banfi. Chianti Classico Riserva • Frascati Superiore • Bardolino, Valpolicella and Soave Classico Superiore • Inferno • Orxieto Classicos • Verdicchio di Jesi • Roman Red, White and Rose. Villa Banfi When it pours, it reigns. © 1977 The House of Banh, Farmiii(;dalc. N.V.Finc Wine VUrchdiils Since l**!** office. The thrill of being close to the coun- try's political heartbeat and of seeing the top politicos at close range constituted then, and still does, a prime attrachon of the legislative staffman's job. One particularly heartening trend is re- vealed in the Verstandig article; i.e., that senators and representatives are drawing on the colleges and their graduates for Con- gressional staff positions. Verstandig is quoted as saying he had "thought that Sen- ate staffs were largely assembled through patronage," but that "the Senate has among it the brightest people I've ever worked with." Whether the proliferation of the Con- gressional bureaucracy serves a useful pur- pose, or whether it is merely another exam- ple of Parkinson's Law, if it continues to at- tract the dedicated and the capable, as per- sonified by Verstandig, we can only applaud. RICHARD H. ANTHONY '25 New York, N.Y. ^r Congenial Gathering Places for vacationing, wining and dining in Ivy League Country Getaway to Yesterday Visit the Inn in the Berkshire^ with rwo centuries of tradition, and all the nicxlcm amenities. Live amidst antiques Savor lobster, homemade apple pie, potables from our tavern. Nomian Rockwell Museum close bv. ^ Hie Red Lion Inn Since 1773. Box IL-3, SUKkbridge, Mass. 01262. (4131 298-5545 S^a/f//^' Jf//^/f. JfwJ///.' ^/rGO/t/. Windermere is a relativel\ small resort located on /<^,- a sparsely inhabited island with 5 miles ot unsurpassed white sand beach. It has a wide variety of accommodations, all with ocean view. American Plan, Rooms at the club, 1 -Bedroom suites. European Plan, 2-Bedroom apartments, 2 to 5-Bedroom villas. For a folder or other information call or write to Miss lane Baker WINDERMERE ISLAND CLUB 71 I Third Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 212-682-0646 Art and animals Editor: Thank you very much for the generous profile in the December issue. There are just two points I'd like to clarify: ANY .ART, the contemporary arts center, is no longer located in Warren, Rhode Island, but is now on Steeple Street in Providence. This more central location enables the gallery and art center to better serve the needs of ar- tists and viewers from all over the state. Secondly, my work at the Providence City Animal Shelter (formerly known as "The Pound") is part of a program called "Volunteer Services for Animals." Patterned after a very successful program in the Los Angeles City Animal Shelters, VSA works inside the Shelter to improve conditions there, and to assist in the reduction of the number of animals impounded. The Shelter handles over 7,400 animals yearly, of which, in the past, approximately 6,400 were de- stroyed. VSA is attempting to reduce this number bv reuniting lost pets with their owners, promoting animal adoption, and educating the public re: leashing, licensing, spaying/neutering, and general pet-owner responsibility. Unfortunately, a major segment which needs to be better educated regarding re- sponsibilities toward animals is the under- graduate college community both at Brown and at other Providence colleges. Sadly, hundreds of dogs and cats are abandoned by college students each spring. Well meaning in their attempts to give stray animals homes for a few months, the students then abandon them when vacation time comes. Contrary' to popular belief, dogs and cats cannot fend for themselves, and usually end up becoming diseased and/or starving. Moreover, unsheltered cats and dogs repro- duce in this country at a rate of 3,000 per hour. Since there are not enough homes for all of them, municipal shelters and humane societies end up needlessly destroying over 13 million cats and dogs annually. If anyone would like to work with Brown students, and students from other col- leges in the area, in attempting to help alleviate this problem, or if anyone is in- terested in other aspects of the VSA pro- gram, please contact me at 245-8419. Thank you very much . . . LOIS GRABOYS '59 Barrington, R.I. In England's defense Editor: I do not wish to be unkind. It is just that the exacting standard of reporting you aspire to, and not infrequently ap- proach, was sorely lacking in the November 1978 issue of BAM which has just reached me. I refer to the woefully hackneyed and glib profile: "Social worker JoAnn Neusner hasn't given up on England yet" — by Pamela Constable. Perhaps Ms. Neusner really does walk around the streets of London tritely censor- ing the English as class ridden, unapproach- able, down-at-heel alcoholics who impo- tently lament the loss of an Empire over too many pints of ale. If she does, she ought to pack her bags, as I can't see what possible good she is doing herself or her clients as a social worker in a society she clearly does not understand. But the real bone I have to pick is with Ms. Constable, who for all I know feels qual- ified to comment on English life after only a fortnight on these shores courtesy of an ex- cursion on Sir Freddie Laker's Skytrain. How tired I have grown of such pa- tronising drivel from Americans — be they Time magazine correspondents or BAM con- tributors — about the quality of English life. From such accounts as these one would surmise that Americans have only their un- doubted material affluence to be proud of — so ritualistically is the "austerity" of England recounted and denigrated. God, dare I admit it? Britain is not as Congenial Gathering Places for vacationing, wining and dining in Ivy League Country BAHAMA OUT-ISLANDS On a small, tranquil. Bahamian island, nestled among the coconut palms, along a ridge of sand dunes, is ABACO ININ. Our ten very private collage rooms overlook the At- lantic Ocean to the east and the Sea of Abaco to the west. From our informal clubhouse- lounge, where we serve elegant five-course dinners and a tropical buffet lunch, we have a beautiful view of pink, sandy beaches and the breaking surf. ABACO INN is a lifestyle — it's our home and we think it's very special. We offer a warm, leisurely, "away-from-it- all" atmosphere, as well as snorkeling; scuba diving (we're both divers); deep-sea, reef and bonefishing; sailing; boating; windsurfing and trips to fishing and boatbuilding seitle- menis on nearby islands. The Inn is jusi a pleasant walk from the picturesque I8lh- ceniury fishing settlement of Hope Town and the historic Elbow Cay Lighthouse. It you're searching for a unique personal experience; if you're in touch with nature and if you wish to escape the rigors of 20th-century urban life and yet retain the comforts, then we would like you to be our guests. Please write, via air- mail, for our brochure, or telephone us for reservations and information. Ruth Maury — Jem Whilelealher ABACO INN Box J 12, Hope Town, Elbow Cay, Abaco, Bahamas Tel. 1-809-367-2666 How to Commemorate the of Brown Football: D a y nidwiiifQi Floral F'a^anf BROWN _U SWE COLLlI a Grab a six-pack or a jug of your favorite mountain dew, gather the gang, lower the tailgate and celebrate! bDrop the information casually at the office or your next dinner party that Brown played in the first annual Rose Bowl game. Note expressions of surprise and disbelief. CClip coupons — such as the one below — which, with a simple $7 check, will bring you a beautiful four-color poster advertising that 1916 Rose Bowl game. The poster is 20" X 26" and you may recall having seen it on the cover of the October Brow7i Alumni Monthly. Here's a chance to get one of your own — it'll add a touch of class to any room. Order form Brown Alumni Monthly Brown University Box 1854 Providence, Rhode Island 02912 Please send me poster(s) commemorating the 100th anniversary of Brown football at $7 each (includes postage and handling). R.I. residents please add 6% sales tax. Name, Address_ Citv- . State. .Zip. Make checks payable to Brown University. Allow three to four weeks for delivery. wealthy as America. Yet a significantly greater percentage of her population is ade- quately housed and fed (than America's) de- spite the nohceable scarcity here of electric toothbrushes, mile-long, air-conditioned station wagons, and garbage disposals run by silicon chips. I would point out, however, that neither fridges or telephones are luxuries in Britain. And as for central heating — I, on a salary rather larger than Ms. Neusner's, simply have not chosen to install it in my home. And I have not frozen to i ADVENTURES FOR IVY !$^&ks ^^0—^ 6 WEEK C^ SUMMER CAMPS WOODCRAFT coed9i3 HORSEMANSHIP Boys 13 is AVIATION Boys 13 18 NAVAL Boys 13 18 GIRLS Ages 13 17 ON LAKE MAXINKUCKEE Write 777 Lake Shore Manor Culver Jndiana 46511 219/842 3311 ^ULVEJ^ ^ ^y NAMEQUOIT SAILING CAMP Orleans on Cape Cod Massochusetls BOYS 9-15 FRESH S SALT WATER SPORTS EXTENSIVE SAILING BEGINNER THRU ADVANCED RACING LAKE FOR SWIMMING. TENNIS S TEAM SPORTS 54TH SEASON YEAR ROUND VISITS WEL- COMED ACA ACCREDITED ARTHUR FARNHAM, BOX 306R. ORLEANS. MA 02653/(617) 255-0377 m pr MOWGLIS in on Newfound Lake Since 1903 a character building exp erience in group living for 95 boys , ages 7- 14. 7'/j wks. Emptlasis on tiiking. camp inq . trail- building. Instruction in land 8. water sports , including crew. W lliam B. Hart. B. A. . L L. B., East Hebron N H 03232/(603)744-8095. A FARM and WILDERNESS SUMMER . . In Vermont is an unusual ctial- lenge for boys & girls 9-17. Six distinctive camps, two moun- tain lakes. Quaker leadership. Ridge Satterthwaite, FARfVl & WILDERNESS, 28 Webb Rd., Plymouth, VT 05056/ (802) 422-3445. <& CHOCONUT A relaxed, non-tompetitl^e summef. ">U bo>> 9-14. Private lake in mis. of rural PA (4 hrs from Phila, NYC & Buffalo). Carpenlrv. stiop, work-projects, farm, sporls, games An ideal setlinji for vour son to tiave fun -.vfiilc making friends and developing self -reliant e. ACA Ai credifed. S. Haniill Home, Bov MM, Cladwvne, PA llOiS l^lll h4<)-l'i4H death yet, thanks to cosy fires and warm sweaters. I would be grossly unfair if I did not highlight the one truly perceptive comment of Ms. Neusner in the article when she says of Britain: "On a neurotic American like me, it has a relaxing effect." So relaxed have 1 be- come after seven years in Britain that had Ms. Constable's appraisal of England been only marginally less inaccurate, I doubt if I could have roused myself sufficiently from my repose in this gentle, serene land — to respond! lAMES ERLICHMAN 71 Lomlon Editor; As parents of a freshman, we were greatly interested to receive our first copy of "Brown" (November 1978 issue). Thank you! Included (pp. 48/49) were some sensitive comments on life in England today as seen through the eyes of JoAnn Neusner '72. However, a btnid observation about Sheffield — at present one of the liveliest, as well as friendliest, communities in Britain — calls for contradiction. JoAnn is quoted as saying, "It was prettj' bleak. There was no theater, no culture — just moors." How could JoAnn have spent over a year there without visiting the exciting Crucible Theatre or the really outstanding Craves and Mappin Art Gal- leries or getting caught up in the many extra-mural activities of the university, which is prominent in fields in which JoAnn seems interested? Perhaps, secretly, she really spent her time in the Peak District, one of Britain's very loveliest — and right on Sheffield's doorstep. Have another look, JoAnn, and above all don't discourage other Brown visitors. Incidentally, I'm a Londoner with no axe to grind — but, as you see, I think Sheffield is great. GEORGE WARBURG London Fritz Pollard Editor: When Brown celebrities are the subject of arficles, let's give them their due. Fritz Pollard was not only the first black to coach a "pro" football team, which you state, but more important, he was the first black All-American selected by Walter Camp. In those days college football players played both offensive and defensive — somefimes for a full sixty minutes. 1 knew Pollard, who was a well-liked classmate of mine. Col. HENRY R. DUTTON '19 Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Fritz Pollard was the second black named an AU-American by Walter Camp. The first was William Henry Lewis, icho was named by Camp in 1891 (when Lrwis irns at Amherst) and in 1892 and 1893 (-when he -was at Harvard). — Editor. Tembroke is not dead' Editor: I would like to take issue with J. P. Oanet Phillips) in her arficle [On Stage] in the December 1978 BAM. Pembroke is not dead. It is alive in the friendships and the memories of all those who ever went there. It was a feeling, more than a place. It provided a sisterhood' that only living, working, laughing, and crying together can offer. It is ironic and rather sad that sororifies now are being considered as some students' answer to the void created by the merger. Brown women tradifionally have not been elihst — towards each other or towards the 'outside world.' Why, then, a sorority? Why not a women's center open to all? LUCY LAVENTHOL BRODY '52 Teaneck, N.j. Grammar lesson Editor: On page 20 of BAM for De- cember, first column: "It's a very unique . . . process ..." Does not unique mean "only one of its kind?" How, then, is it susceptible to degree? It's like a girl: she's either pregnant or she isn't. Is it not so? GERARD CHAPMAN Mill River, Mass. So. — Editor Letters to the editor are welcome. Tfiey should be on subjects of interest to readers of this magazine, with emphasis on an exchange of views and discussion of ideas. All points of view are wel- come, but for reasons of space, variety, and time- liness, the staff may not publish all letters it re- ceives and may use excerpts from others. PURE MAPLE SYRUP Bring the taste of New England to your breakfast table. Treat yourself to tradition with our old-fash- ioned pure maple syrup What makes it so good we don't know Maybe it's our way of lifting the sap from our sweet young New Hampshire trees Or the way we stand fast in refusing to use additives or preserva- tives Taste for yourself And recreate the snap and sparkle of a crisp New England morning right at your breakfast table Just mail us your order, with check, Master Ch or Visa # and expiration date "2GalS10 00 lOtSeOO lPtS4 00 Add SI per luq poslaqe/handling S2 west ol the Miss CLARK HILL SUGARY Dept. B-3 Canaan. New Hampshire 03741 ILJffiidl©!? Ehm IN THE NEWS: Clark Kent in University Hall? One undergraduate called him "a humanist, well known and well liked on campus." A senior member of the fac- ulty termed him "a bland corporate type." To a department chairman he is "the greatest thing to come down the pike in years." And a 1949 alumnus ob- served that he looks like Clark Kent, adding: "We are all waiting to see if he'll soon step into the nearest phone booth." The University figure under dis- cussion is the man at the top, Howard Swearer. The vehicle for the character analysis was the Rliode Islander, maga- zine section of the Providence Sunday Journal of February 4. And the author was Anthony L. DiBiasio '77, who fol- lowed the president around during a typical day on the job. According to the author, Mr. Swearer has the following characteris- tics: "He speaks in even, modulated tones, never raising his voice above the conversational, always apparently re- laxed and unfazed"; "he uses his pipe for both smoking and gesturing"; "in his office his jacket is off and his tie is loosened as he shuffles through his pa- perwork"; and "his round, red-rimmed glasses accent his round, youthful face which, with his close-cropped hair, combine to give the impression that were he to pose again for his senior class picture (Princeton '54) there would be little noticeable difference." According to the article, if the Cor- poration had been looking only for a fund-raiser to fill the president's chair, Howard Swearer would not be at Brown today. "I don't like being known only as a fund-raiser," he was quoted as saying. "I taught in the classroom for seven years (at UCLA) and I know what's going on academically. The trustees . were looking for someone to unite the faculty, students, and administrators. That is what I consider my primary job to be." Howard Swearer: "I don't tike being Icnown only as a fund-raiser. " The Brown president agreed that today a university can no longer per- petuate the ivory-tower myth of years past. However, he strongly disagreed with the theory that the governance of universities has passed to students, faculty, legal staff, and Washington and that a president's role has been reduced to that of "glorified referee." "There's no doubt things are much different from what they were twenty- five years ago," Mr. Swearer said. "There must be a different approach now, with recognition of varying con- stituencies a university president has. But 1 feel I'm very much in charge and 1 cannot see relinquishing my respon- sibilities to quarreling groups." The Rhode Islander article included comments by the president on a number of other points. On criticism of his office: "Includ- ing my time at Carleton College, I'm in my ninth year as president of a univer- sity, and I'm accustomed to criticism. I'm sensitive to such criticism if I think it will affect the University. But if it doesn't, then I won't be sidetracked." On the proposal of the American Association of Universities that this country establish relations with China on student exchanges: "Let's first de- termine what access our scholars would have. I'm not sure we'll be allowed to get at their best universities, but at the same time our schools will be open to them. I think the message on this pro- posal is to go slow — let's not make any silly moves." On President Carter's approach to wage and price guidelines: "We'd like to go higher on salaries for our faculty, be- cause Brown is playing catch-up with other Ivy schools and I think our faculty deserves equal pay. However, I think we should be supporhve of Carter's inflation fight because inflation affects us very directly in our endowment and our investments. I don't know how much longer we can continue to push up tuition. Those increases really bother me." At the end of his day at Brown, au- thor DiBiasio came away with the im- pression that President Swearer is "ob- viously in command," albeit in a "low- key manner." Brown's Clark Kent may not be able to leap tall buildings at a single bound, but, as the headline on the story said, "with a running start he has cleared a lot of small hurdles." In this day and age, that alone should earn most college presidents good grades. IB. W More apfiiiLiHuin^ fo'' l">i Rogers, but also nunc- rfjectioiis. ADMISSIONS: Why is Brown so popular? Brown University is perhaps the most popular private competitive col- lege in the country. What's that? you reply with a scoff. Come on. A boastful admission officer might make such a claim, or a true blue alumnus, but that can't be right. Here are the figures. In the last two years applications for admission to Brown's freshman class have risen by almost 25 percent — from 9,185 in 1977 to approximately 11,400 in 1979. Har- vard (with an undergraduate enroll- ment of 6,400) still receives more total applications (12,700 last year and ap- proximately 13,000 this year) than Brinvn — the only Ivy League school to do so — but Brown has registered the highest percentage increase in applica- tions anywhere. Why is Brown so popular? "It's mainly a result of the educational expe- riences that students have here," says Director of Admission Jim Rogers '56, "and their willingness to talk about this when they go home. This simply sounds a lot better to high school stu- dents than what they hear about other institutions. And students have no reason not to tell it like it is — they're not suspect." In addition to the gener- ally positive attitude of the under- graduates, Rogers cited the loyal, hard work done by representahves of the National Alumni Schools Program (NASP) at the local level as being re- sponsible for the phenomenal leap in applications. However, Brown's popularity now leaves many, including Jim Rogers, feel- ing peculiarly ambivalent. For every additional person who applies, there must be an additional denial, Roger ex- plains, because the size of the freshman class is not increasing. "We have already acted on approximately 1,100 applications for early action, so we have 9,800 that we have to act upon between February 1 and April 14 [about 500 ap- plications will remain incomplete and will not be considered]. We have about 2,000 offers left at this point, so you see," he sighs, "we can accept only one in five applicants." Last year Brown ac- cepted roughly one in four. "In human terms, these figures are difficult to accept," Rogers concedes. "There are students whom we would have accepted four years ago who won't make it now. There are going to be some very fine people who, under ideal cir- cumstances, we would love to have on the Brown campus, but because of the limitations on the size of the freshman class we just cannot have them." D.S. ENERGY: Energy policy is tied to social policy: Dukakis "If adversity does indeed strength- en character, then a recitation of the facts of energy life in New England should explain why we are a hardy people, able to endure the worst Jan- uary and February can throw at us." The speaker was former Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis, who had been invited to address the Brown community January 11 on New Eng- land's energy problems, in one of a se- ries of lectures sponsored by Brown's Center for Energy Studies. Dukakis has encountered his share of adversity — he lost his reelection bid in the 1978 Democratic primary — but he demonstrated his own hardiness as well as a thorough understanding of the region's energy problems and a lively concern for its future. New England, he pointed out, pays the highest total energy prices of any region in the coun- try, and that is the essence of its energy crisis. Our natural gas bills are the high- est in the nation, our electric bills the second highest, and we are more de- pendent on imported oil than any other region. How can we overcome these disadvantages? "Theoretically, the best way to ac- complish that would be to deregulate domestic energy prices completely and allow them to rise to the world level," Dukakis said. "But in practice, total de- regulation could have disastrous effects. Cleveland has enough problems right now without having to worry about natural gas prices tripling. And the na- tional fight against an increasingly seri- ous peacetime inflation would probably be crippled by total energy price decon- trol." Developing new sources of energy is enormously expensive, Dukakis pointed out. A new nuclear plant would now cost about two billion dollars, and, with the cost of coal having risen 37 per- cent in the last two years, a new coal- fired facility would be almost as expen- sive. But there are other reasons to be skeptical of such solutions: the envi- ronmental and safety questions they raise, and the fact that projected growth rates for electricity demand have ta- pered off to about 2.7 percent annually (according to the Massachusetts Energy Office). Large electric plants have be- come, in Dukakis's words, "the di- nosaurs of the present energy scene." "One of the greatest ironies of the national energy debate," Dukakis said, "is that the most economically effective alternative solution to the energy prob- lem — conservation — receives the /ojsf attention." Improving the efficiency of home oil-heating systems in New Eng- land could save $546 million annually; a government-subsidized program to in- sulate every home in the region would result in a net savings of seven times the cost. Energy conservation is not cheap, Dukakis observed, "but it is much less expensive than any other alternative." And money spent on conservation stays in the region and creates jobs, whereas money spent on oil and gas usually leaves the region and often the country. Massachusetts has led the way in mak- ing conservation the cornerstone of its energy policy, and its program was cho- sen by the Council of State Govern- ments as the model for the rest of the country. American consumers have proved willing to conserve energy at home and at work, as shown by a decline in heat- ing oil and industrial oil consumption, but no one has yet found a way to curb "the continuing voracious appetite of the American public for gasoline." De- spite the improved efficiency of Ameri- can cars, gasoline consumption last fall was up 5 percent — and, as a result, both gasoline and heating oil prices have risen. "Much of the problem stems from America's fascination with the au- tomobile," Dukakis said, "But some of it is also related to our country's lack of commitment to rail and bus. If we are going to expect people to use their cars less, we have to offer alternatives." Another area whose potential has not yet been tapped is renewable alter- native energy sources — wood, wind, solar, and water power — all of which are amply available in New England. "I do not contend that we will ever be able to rely totally on these sources," Dukakis said, "nor do I contend that they will be cheap. But it is clear to me that they have great potential and that if oil and gas prices continue to rise, these renewable options will soon be more economical than conventional fuels — in fact, in some cases they are already more economical." Moreover, they are safer for both the long- and short-term, and are labor-intensive rather than capital-intensive, he added. "One of the missing links in our national energy policy is a strong com- mitment to these renewable alternative resources," Dukakis said. "It is past time for the federal government to realize that the vast majority of homes and businesses in America will receive their energy from the sun by the middle of the next century, and government has a role to play both in helping to de- velop effective solar energy systems and in protecting the consumer from inef- fective ones." What we need, he said, is the equivalent of a Manhattan Project for solar energy research and develop- ment. Realistically, though, government cannot ignore "the need to pursue certain conventional alternatives." Dukakis's administration negotiated the voluntary conversion to coal of the state's largest oil-fed utility plant, made a major effort to locate an oil refinery in Massachusetts, and encouraged explo- ration for oil and gas on the Georges Bank at the same time that it worked to establish safeguards for the fishing and tourist industries. "Energy policy is unavoidably tied to social policy," Dukakis observed. "I'd feel better if the utility companies in this region took conservation seriously, but the real issue is whether the political leadership is sufficiently interested to make a policy decision. It's the respon- sibility of government to insist that the best and most ecologically sensitive energy technology be used." /.P. Brown's energy bill now over $3 million Brown's energy bill for the fiscal year 1972-73 was $1,089,000. In the fall of 1973, the Arab oil boycott triggered what has become a never-ending in- crease in energy costs, with the re- sult that Brown has budgeted over $3,000,000 for energy this (1978-79) year. That figure was undoubtedly on President Swearer's mind a few weeks ago when he sent a memo about energy conservation to the University commu- nity. "Though I fear Americans have grown weary of energy conservation messages," he wrote, "the situation in this country and in specific places like Brown is really unchanged. We face ris- ing costs in fuel and labor, and attention on the part of individuals to conser\'a- tion efforts is weakening." The mild fall, together with im- provements in Brown's physical plant, had made the administration optimistic that "we can stay within the bounds of our energy conservation program," he wrote. "But our readings show that in- dividual efforts at energy conservation are slipping again and threaten to offset all the gains we ha\'e made so far this year. " The president suggested, among 11 other things, turning off Hghts when they are not needed, limiting the use of hot water, and telling Physical Plant when you have knowledge of areas with excessive heat. In short, he ended, "we need your cooperation." R.M.R. LIBRARIES: The library's budget restraints begin to show Brown's library system has been ranked eightieth overall in resources among ninety-four members of the As- sociation of Research Libraries, accord- ing to 1977-78 figures recently released by the ARL. Using such statistics as total number of volumes, number of volumes added, and number of current serials, the ARL compiled for the first time an "overall library index" of the U.S. and Canada's university research libraries. Brown ranked fifty-fourth in total vol- umes (L595,341), eighty-seventh in volumes added (39,467), and eighty- first in serials holdings (13,606), for a cumulative rank of eight)-. With the exception of Dartmouth, which placed eighty-eighth, other Ivy schools were in the top quarter o( the list: Harvard ranked first, Yale fourth, Columbia seventh, Cornell thirteenth, Princeton sixteenth, and Penn twenty- third. But acting University Librarian Stuart Sherman '39 cautions that Brown's low numerical ranking, while in some ways reflecting the library's budget problems, is not necessarily cause for alarm. Brown is a small liberal-arts university, with fewer stu- dents (particularly graduate students) and faculty than most of its Ivy breth- ren, and without the large endow- ments for libraries of the two schools (Princeton and Yale) closest to it in size. Moreover, Brown has a uniquely centralized library system that all but eliminates duplication of collections. Sherman stresses that the ARL rating is quantitative rather than qual- itative. "We'd rank very high for a li- brary our size in quality of collections," he says. "Brown has some very rich re- sources — for example, our collection of American poetry and drama is the best on the continent." The real question, he says, is not so much how Brown com- pares with other universities, but whether its library is meeting the academic and research needs of stu- dents and faculty — which is harder to quantify. To that end, a Task Force on Collection Evaluation was set up last year to assess the needs of the various academic departments and compare the University's collections to standard bib- liographies in those fields. This self- study, which was undertaken with the support of the Faculty Library Commit- tee, is expected to continue into 1980. Brown is also exploring the possi- bility of setting up a cooperative ar- rangement with MIT to share library re- sources. "Resource sharing is a new concept which will be developed exten- sively in the next few years," Sherman says. "No single library nowadays can possibly be strong in all fields of knowl- edge, but two institutions with compar- able strengths can get together and augment each other's strengths." MIT was chosen because Brown is strong in mathematics, engineering, and com- puter sciences; the cooperative ar- rangement would involve not only shar- ing books, but people as well. Nobody is denying that Brown's libraries have suffered over the last dec- ade. In addition to the University's financial retrenchment, and the drying up of federal support for libraries during the Nixon Administration, Brown's li- braries have had to cope with the print and information explosion and with se- vere inflation. An article in the January 22 Chronicle of Higher Edtiaitioii on the plight of research libraries pointed out that "the cost of books and periodicals has been rising much faster than the general increase in prices paid by uni- versities for goods and services. . . . Since 1971, the average yearly increase in total college costs has been 8.1 per- cent. In the same period, average yearly price increases were 17.5 percent for U.S. periodicals and 11.6 percent for hardcover books." As a result. Brown has had dif- ficulty maintaining the status cjuo of its library resources, much less expanding them. Peter Lipman '72, assistant Uni- versity librarian for systems and circulation, points out that a few years ago "we used to be able to say we had a comprehensive collection in mathemat- ics — meaning everything that was being published — but that's no longer true. We can now say we have a very strong collection, but that's not the same as comprehensive." Although a new University librar- ian will be appointed sometime this year, and it seems reasonable to expect that he or she will develop new long- range plans for Brown's libraries, no dramatic increase in funding is likely in the foreseeable future. The Chronicle of Higher Education quoted a statement by Paul H. Mosher, assistant director for collection development at Stanford, that applies equally well to Brown: "Instead of developing collections, it has become increasingly a matter of managing them." J.P. RESOURCES: Major gift to medicine by Ann lanaccio A major gift to the Brown Program in Medicine has been made by Ann M. lanaccio '24 and will be used in support of teaching and research with particular attention to cancer and pulmonary dis- eases. The gift will be used through a fund established in the name of Msgr. Dante Del Fiorentino, biographer and friend of operatic composer Giacomo Puccini. Miss lanaccio, a retired teacher living in Gulfport, Florida, became a friend of Monsignor Del Fiorentino, a native of Italy, when she taught him English after he emigrated to the United States in 1922. "Miss lanaccio's gift," says Levi C. Adams, associate vice president of the Division of Biology and Medicine, "re- veals her real devotion to Brown as an alumna, as well as her belief that the medical program at Brown is a valuable addition to the University." "^'//l Atiii M. lanaccio. 12 STUDENTS: Brown's sorority women choose Alpha Chi Omega During the week of February 5, the Crystal Room in Alumnae Hall — site of many Pembroke official functions — served as a walk-in recruiting center for a different sort of women's activity: Alpha Chi Omega, a national sorority that may soon be Brown's first resident sorority (B/4M, December). The eleven women who banded to- gether to form a sorority decided to affiliate with Alpha Chi Omega because of its emphasis on scholarship and community service. (AXfi was founded at DePauw University in 1885 as a musi- cal sorority, and now has 110 chapters nationwide plus three "colonies" or chapters-to-be.) Rush week was kicked off with an open-house party on Sun- day, February 4, which drew about thirty women. The rest of the week, four representatives of the national or- ganization sat shivering in the under- heated Crystal Room, welcoming any and all comers who were interested in joining or who were just curious. "We don't usually encourage walk-ins, but we have here," Ellen van den Brink, AXil's national collegiate program director, told us. "Many people are hesitant to risk involvement with something new, and we feel we have a responsibility to educate campus women. And I've been very impressed with Brown women — their intelli- gence, depth, variety of interests." By Friday, they had sixteen pledges for their "colony." The pledge program, which includes the administrative de- tails of organizing a chapter (offices, committees, rushing, dues, etc.) as well as indoctrination into the history and traditions of AXfl, will be going on into May. Joan Munves '80, one of the founding members, said that they plan to cluster in a dormitory next year or until the housing office makes good on its tentative promise to provide them with housing equivalent to that of the men's fraternities. The day we visited the Crystal Room, a male student poked his head in and said, "Hey, can I rush?" When they smilingly demurred, he shrugged and said, "Too bad — that's discrimina- tion." j.P. People and Programs n James E. DuBois '50, vice presi- dent/creative director of the Providence advertising firm of Horton, Church and Goff, has been elected chairman of the Board of Editors of the Brown Alumni Monthly. He succeeds Doris Steam Donovan '59, whose term on the Board has expired. Patricia Simon Schwadron '72 has been named vice-chairman of the Board. Barry Beckham '66 was re- elected to a three-year term on the Board, and Cornelia D. Dean '69 and John J. Monaghan '55 were elected to three-year terms. D The Brown Corporation recently approved the creation of a Center for Classical Archaeology and Art, under the directorship of Professor of Classics R. Ross Holloway, an expert in Greek art and Italian prehistory. The Center's creation reflects Brown's "tremendous resources in the field of classical ar- chaeology," according to Holloway, among them the John Hay Library's ar- chaeological collection ("one of the greatest in North America"), the RISD Museum of Art ("one of the ten best col- lections of Greek and Roman art in the United States"), and Brown's Depart- ments of Classics' and Art. The Center's primary focus will be to coordinate cur- ricular planning and research in the field, and its faculty members include Associate Professor of Art Rudolf Winkes, Professor of Classics Alan Boegehold, and Visiting Assistant Pro- fessor of Classics Susan Lukesh. n Christine Sweck Love '70 has been promoted from assistant to asso- ciate director of alumni relations. She will continue to oversee the reunion programs, and will also be responsible for strengthening the alumni class struc- ture and administering the educational tours program. D Janice L. Jones, who served as a consultant to President Swearer in negotiating the recent out-of-court set- tlement of the Lamphere case, has been named special assistant to the president in the area of affirmative action. A former corporate employment manager for General Mills, Jones w^ll monitor Brown's compliance with the provisions of the Lamphere settlement and will serve as affirmative action officer for the faculty. n A scientist and a humanist at Brown have been named by President Carter to top-level positions in their re- spective fields. Dean of the College and Professor of Physics Walter Massey was recently nominated by the President to a six-year term on the twenty-four- member National Science Board, the policy-making arm of the National Sci- ence Foundation, which is responsible for funding basic science research and teaching in American higher education. Ungerleider Distinguished Scholar of Judaic Studies Jacob Neusner was nominated to a similar term on the twenty-six-member National Council for the Humanities. The Council over- sees the activities of the National Endowment for the Humanities, which allocates federal funds for humanities projects. Dean Massey and President How- ard Swearer were also singled out in a national survey conducted last year by the American Council on Education and Change magazine as among the 100 "most respected emerging leaders in higher education." Those so honored were all under forty-six years of age and represented the whole spectrum of higher education. Brown was one of only four institutions represented in the survey by more than one individual (Harvard had four, the University of Michigan three, and Penn two). THE TEAMS: Winter roundup One of Coach Joe Mullaney's la- ments during pre-season basketball drills was that his players were too cocky. They thought they could lick the world. Mullaney knew he would have some problems turning the basketball program around, but never in his wild- est dreams did he expect one of his stumbling blocks would be a cocky at- titude on a team that was 4-22 a year ago. "Our kids felt that they could win the Ivy title and stay even with the na- tional powers on our schedule," Mul- laney says. "It was important to get across to them that when you take on a powerhouse you have to recognize that team's advantages in personnel and then work together to try and come up with some wrinkles on offense and de- fense to help neutralize the other team's strengths. The big danger we had early was that the cocky approach was un- realistic and was only serving to set the 13 players up for a big letdown which could have affected our play within the Ivy League, where I felt we had a chance to be respectable." Playing within their limitations, and with an enthusiasm that surprised and delighted MuUaney, the Bruins bounced back after an 0-6 start to win six of their next ten games, including the first victory over Providence College since 1959. The team also made a strong showing against then-No. 10 Marquette at the Civic Center, despite the predic- tion oi Providence journal sportswriter Harold Rich that the contest "would be determined early, maybe right after the National Anthem." Shifting from a 2-3 to a 3-2 and then into a combinaHon de- fense. Brown led most of the way before superior shooting pulled it out for the visitors, 55-47, in the final two minutes. Mullaney's men were the surprise of the Ivy League, sharing the top rung of the ladder with Penn (both with 3-0 records) until the first week in February, when the Quakers came to town and out-shot and out-muscled the Bears, 72-60, before a near-capacity crowd to take sole possession of first place. After that loss and a 80-53 setback at the hands of No. 1 Notre Dame earlier in the week. Brown came back strong to defeat a Princeton team that was second nationally in scoring defense with a 56.3-per-game average yield. Brown scored less than the Tiger average, only 52 points, but used a set of switching defenses to limit Princeton to just 49 points. "We have been forced to live with certain limitations this season," Mul- laney notes. "We're not parhcularly strong inside, we lack team speed, and we don't have players who can go one- on-one with a defensive man. As a re- sult, we have a limited offense and can be stopped by teams who scout us thoroughly. We hope this will be the only year when we will have to be this basic." D Back in December, Coach Paul Schilling said that his hockey team would have to fight and scratch for each victory if it expected to make the ECAC playoffs (the top eight teams in the East) this month. With three weeks to go in the season, the Bruin skaters had fought and scratched their way to sixth place with a 7-6 ECAC record but were in danger of being bumped from the top eight as a result of three consecutive los- ses. This set the stage for a crucial game at Meehan Auditorium against Ver- %>^ie^ Sioimming stars Pant Heggie, Gretchcn Fnckc, and Lori Pride. mont, a 4-2 winner over the Bears dur- ing the Holiday Tournament. With 12:40 left in the third and final period. Brown trailed, 3-0, despite some sensational play by junior goalie Mark Holden. Then Co-Capt. Dave Roberts caught fire, scoring at 7:20, setting up freshman defenseman Darrell Petit for a goal at 16:14, and slapping the puck home at 17:22 to force the game into overhme. At 3:46 of sudden death, Co-Capt. Mike Mastrullo fed Jim Law- son, who faked out the goalie and slipped the puck into the net to keep Brown in playoff contention. D The outstanding women's SHTinming team climaxed its 8-1 season with a surprising third-place finish in the Ivy championships held at Yale. Princeton took top honors with 565 points, followed by Yale with 521 and Brown at 483. It was Brown's best finish in the annual Ivy tourney. Pacing the women's team were the three swimmers who led the way all season — Co-Capt. Gretchen Fricke, a sophomore, and freshmen Pam Heggie and Lori Pride. Fricke had a fifth in the 500 freestyle, a fifth in the 200 butterfly, a seventh in the 200 individual medley, and was a member of the 800 freestyle relay team which finished second. Pride was a triple winner with firsts in all three backstroke events, setting a new Ivy record in the 50 backstroke at 28:38. Heggie was a double winner with firsts in the 200 and 500 freestyle events. broke two Brown records, and scored 65 points, the fourth highest individual total of the tournament. Coach Dave Roach later announced that all three women had qualified for the nationals in Reno and that the two freshmen, Pam Heggie and Lori Pride, had been named to the All-Ivy first team. D Several individuals were per- forming well throughout the winter sea- son. While Brown was defeating Yale and losing to Penn in a triangular track meet at New Haven, junior Tim Bruno broke the meet record of 58 feet with a 61' 5V2" toss in the 35-pound weight. The Pandas, while struggling a bit this winter, had a star in freshman Amy Crafts, who scored five goals, including the hat trick in the third period, in Brown's 10-1 victory over Penn. A resi- dent of Weston, Massachusetts, Amy last year was co-captain of the Waltham Wings, an informal team that competed in the national championships. In brief . . . The late Tuss McLaughry, football coach at Brown from 1926 to 1940 and a member of the National Football Hall of Fame, was honored at the annual foot- ball banquet February 4 when the new Tuss McLaughry Award was an- nounced by Tom and Bill Gilbane, members of the class of 1933. Replacing the Brown Club of Rhode Island's War 14 Memorial Trophy, the new trophy will be considered the MVP award. It went this year to Mark Whipple, quarterback of the Bruins for the past two seasons. Senior co-captain Neil Jacob, who was sidelined last season by a broken arm, was honored with the Class of 1910 Trophy, given to the senior with the highest academic average. D His biographical folder indicates that senior football offensive guard Bob Forster collects pennies. Late in 1978, he also collected a number of honors and awards. The man Coach John Anderson calls "the finest offensive guard I've ever seen in the Ivy League" was awarded an NCAA postgraduate scholarship award, one of only fourteen Division lA athletes so honored. He also became the first Bruin in eighteen years (Capt. Lloyd Hill '51 was the most re- cent) to play in a post-season All- Star game when he competed in the Canadian-American Bowl in Tampa in January. Forster was named honorable mention Ail-American and was a first- team choice on the All-Ivy, All-ECAC, and All-New England teams. Three other Bruins were named to the All-Ivy first team: junior offensive tackle John Sinnott, senior defensive tackle Mike Lancaster, and senior safety Ron Brown. Fullback Marty Moran and middle guard Jay Hickey, a pair of juniors, were named to the All-Ivy sec- ond team. Junior wide receiver Mark Farnham was a first-team ECAC selec- tion. n Three Bruins made the All-Ivy soccer team: Pctei Van Beek '79, a line- man whose 65 career points place him second on the all-time list to Fred Per- reira "71 , who had 11 points; back Tom O'Brien '80, and goalie Paul Obermeyer '79. Coach Cliff Stevenson's son, Paul '79, and junior back Pat Weir were named to the second team. /.B, ?eter Moss, Bnmm's leading m m-r lhi< year, gets sandwiched by two URI players (January W to February 22) Men's Basketball (8-14) Brown 67, Columbia 59 Brown 61, Cornell 56 Notre Dame 80, Brown 53 Penn 72, Brown 60 Brown 52, Princeton 49 Dartmouth 62, Brown 51 Harvard 76, Brown 57 Providence 60, Brown 58 (ot.) Brown 50, Cornell 49 Columbia 73, Brown 54 Brown 74, Yale 63 Men's Hockey (11-11) Northeastern 6, Brown 5 (ot.) Boston University 3, Brown 2 Providence 7, Brown 5 Brown 4, Vermont 3 (ot.) Princeton 6, Brown 4 Brown 4, Yale 3 Cornell 7, Brown 5 Brown 6, RPI 3 Men's Swimming (4-6) Brown 61, Cornell 52 Columbia 80, Brown 33 Brown 71, Perin 42 Army 72, Brown 41 Track (4-4) Penn 89V2, Brown 56y2, Yale 26 Brown 74, Dartmouth 69, Columbia 27 Wrestling (3-8) Brown 39, Trinity 6 Harvard 41, Brown 12 Yale 30, Brown 15 Brown 33, Coast Guard 6 Connecticut 33, Brown 14 Women's Swimming (8-1) Brown 87, Boston College 42 Brown 91, Smith 40 Brown 103, Southeastern Massachusetts 23 Brown 83, Wellesley 39 Women's Hockey (4-11-2) Brown 10, Penn 1 Providence 10, Brown 7 Colby 10, Brown 1 Yale 2, Brown Brown 5, Cortland 4 Cornell 5, Brown 2 Brown 2, Boston College 2 Connecticut 5, Brown 4 Providence 8, Brown 2 Women's Basketball (4-10) Penn 58, Brown 47 Manhattanville 56, Brown 53 Colgate 54, Brown 44 Yale 67, Brown 35 Dartmouth 58, Brown 57 Harvard 68, Brown 41 15 'I stand surrounded by kids, duelling with them/ says Judaic scholar Jack Neusner, who clearly loves to teach Sitting on the edge of the stage as students walk into the large auditorium-classroom in the List Art Building, Jacob Neusner, the Ungerleider Distinguished Scholar of Judaic Studies, University Professor and Professor of Re- ligious Studies, looks small, a little lost. It is the first day of classes in this second semester in the academic year 1978-79 A.D., and Jacob Neusner is about to commence teaching Introduction to Judaism — known colloquially as Reli Stu 1 — to the 121 students registered for this course. He was so nervous the night before, he will confide later, that he woke up at 5 a.m. and was at work in his study by 6. He blows his cheeks up with air, and then sighs. "I want to analyze Judaism as a system," he says, standing on the floor in front of the class. "I want to see how Judaism and how diverse ex- pressions of Judaism have constituted systems which have had to solve certain problems." He stops. He has seen someone taking notes. "No notes," he says immediately, "please stop. You can carry your pencil in your pocket but please leave it there. I want your eyes and I want you to learn how to listen in this course. Friday 1 will bring you lecture notes, and you'll have them for every class, so put away your pencils please." This Jacob in th 16 ion's Den By Debra Shore Photographs by John Forasle 17 is part of the Neusner style. He walks back and forth and partway up each aisle, linking his eyes with each student's. He asks questions, con- stantly. He gesticulates. He jokes. "The thing you want to ask of Deuteronomy and Leviticus [the first books the students are to read] is. What does Mr. X want to talk about? What does his system consist of? Societies choose the things they want to talk about. For example, the Catholics are worried about sex and the Jews are worried about food." There is laughter. "When you list the taboos of the culture, Jews have many about food. 'He is very religious,' they might say. 'He would not even eat a hardboiled egg in the home of a conservative rabbi . . .' How do Jews choose to celebrate certain holidays? They either don't eat at all or they have certain foods asso- ciated with that holiday. ner's point is that questions of belief have no place in the classroom — or in the discipline of the study of religion. He is quite clear on that. "What I want to get at in this course," Jack says at the second class meeting, "is what 1 shall call the ecology of Judaism, that is, a system and its interplay with the larger world that contains it. What are the principal components of a system? You understand a culture when you understand the choices that it makes." One student suggests that a system might be viewed in terms of leader- ship. "Okay," Neusner replies, "That's good. What is the type of leader that Leviticus imag- ines?" "A priestly leader?" one suggests timidly. "Very good," Neusner says. "In Deuteronomy is the priest a leader? A holy man?" He pauses, invit- ing response, then plunges on. "No. Whom does Deuteronomy want as a leader? What's the basic He walks back and forth up each aisle, linking his eyes with each student's "Why does a group choose what it chooses and not choose what it doesn't choose? In Leviti- cus you're seeing a particular concepHon of what a book of the Holy Scriptures should contain, what these people felt the basic constitution of the country' should contain. But what does it leave out? What are the points of emphasis? People are always talking to their own world. Deuteronomy is about 200 years earlier and the mental character of the world is different. It was written in about 620 B.C. by people who are very angry, exasperated by seventy-five years of a culture they don't like. Pervasive anger characterizes the book." In the mimeographed lecture notes that Neusner passed out at the next class he writes, "Now to the case of Deuteronomy — the world of B.C. 620 (or: why so angry, Moses baby?)." "The issue of this course, if you're Jewish," Neusner continues, "is not why you should marry another Jew." Again there is laughter. "This may be another generation of college students. It used to be a big concern. I would try to seat the Jewish kids together." Later Neusner explains, "We're not teaching people to be good Christians and good Jews and this is very difficult for the kids, be- cause for them religion has always been a matter of faith, and not of scholarly examination. A Jewish kid who comes into the classroom looking for reasons to be Jewish is going to be disappointed. Those are questions I can't answer." Jack Neus- question I need to ask? You've got a document in your hands," he says. "We're learning how to read a document. We should be able to get to the critical core of the culture. "How do we know that Leviticus assumes the high priest is the leader of the culture? We know it because they focus on it and they tell us it's impor- tant. How about Deuteronomy? Who's talking? Doesn't that help? Who is the voice of the book? Did you feel that Leviticus was the voice in the book? No. It's an impersonal book. So who is talk- ing here?" Neusner has homed in on a student, who mumbles, "I don't know." "That's good," Neusner says. "Now we come to Neusner's Law Number 1. Usually it takes two or three sessions to get here. The law is WHEN IN DOUBT, LIE. Never say, 'I don't know.' Say in re- sponse, 'That's a good question.' " The students laugh. He has let them off the hook. It is only tem- porary. "In Deuteronomy," Neusner continues, im- mediately picking up the thread, "Moses is the critical voice in the beginning, middle, and end until you wish he would shut up. What problem does the book choose to solve and how does it solve it? What we're talking about is a functional approach to culture. What is bothering Leviticus?" A student pipes up. "The question of holy versus unholy and pure versus impure?" "Good," Neusner replies. "That's neat. They 18 want to make some clear distinctions. How do I serve God in the book of Leviticus?" he asks, turn- ing to another student. "Jody," he says, "redeem yourself." Jody fumbles. "No," he corrects. "How about animals? Don't I get to kill any animals? The first fifteen chapters are about killing animals and burning wheat. What can I as an ordinary man eat in the book of Leviticus? Can I eat lobster? Can I offer lobster on the altar? That happens to be my personal fixation," Neusner confesses. "So now tell me the key to the book of Leviticus." "The making of distinctions?" another stu- dent offers. "So," he replies, "what's going on?" There is an awkward pause. Neusner raises both hands and I think he is going to berate the class. They have not been sharp. Instead he says, "These are guys who are setting up correspondences between to his students, "The first week is the most dif- ficult for me because you're sitting there like stones and not saying very much. Soon I hope the miracle of resurrection will take place and you'U be more interesting to be with." They laugh. "You've got to participate," he tells them. "When you go out from Brown, you're going to make your living with your wits, by what you know and how you use your minds. Our education will not benefit you if you're passive." Every student in the room is now riveted to Neusner. He is talking about their /roes. "You've got to take risks," he says. "Us- ing your minds is risk-taking. There's no world out there that's hanging on your every word." By the end of the session, again filled with questions and the eager thrust and parry of Neus- ner's mind probing theirs, though this time he does not forget a summary — "The real issue of 'If you feel confused, you should be. The human condition is confusing' heaven and earth. What bothers them is when lines are crossed, and things which are anoma- lous. You want to hear taboos? I can give you taboos. Why can't you mix wool and flax? — be- cause they come from different things, animal and plant. There's a discomfort for these people be- cause they want things in order and in their own place. "Who are these people and what is bothering them?" he asks again. "Why the stress on orderli- ness and things fitting into their proper pigeon- hole? By the way, you ask, why the stress on ritual? Stress on ritual often happens in times of tremendous upheaval and disorder. A useful prin- ciple in analyzing a culture is the principle of op- posites. You should be asking me factual ques- tions," Neusner instructs. "Who were they? Where were they? What were they doing? Anyone want to ask me that?" titer Neusner will say of that class; "Oh, I really made some mistakes today. I went J too fast and then I didn't wrap it up. You should always give yourself ten minutes at the end of a fifty-minute lecture to wrap up the class. And you should always finish one minute ahead of the end, never one minute late. If the students know that you will always stop one minute ahead of the bell then they'll relax and pay attention." At the next class meeting. Jack Neusner says culture is the issue of why anyone should want to change in any way. How can you account for the fact of change?" — one student looks puzzled and Jack Neusner, roving eye, sees her. "A penny for your thoughts?" he says. "I feel like a lot of things have gone over my head," she says, hesitantly. Some students laugh. "That's fair," Neusner replies. "I've shifted ground six times today — deliberately. These are questions we all have to answer about our world. If you feel confused you should be. The human condition is confusing." Jack Neusner's classroom manner may seem slapdash and intimidating. "People in general feel that professors do what they do because they like it. That's not so," he says. "A dentist uses a drill to do his work; I have to use humor. You have to make the person care deeply about the things you say, because if there's no caring, there's no learn- ing, so you have to stand on your head. You have to get their attention. Criticism is our stock in trade not because we want to be mean but because we need to make a point. Ninety-eight percent of the things I do in the classroom — maybe even 99 per- cent — are calculated. But the students don't know that. They'd say 85 percent was spontaneous. "What I learned from my teachers was how not to teach. They lectured us. I never walked into the home of a professor. I never walked into an office hour. I never talked to a professor at Har- 19 'He is one of the most intelligent and exciting professors alive today' vard except two times about an honors thesis — and I never went back. At the Jewish Theological Seminary, in the classroom it was information given To Whom It May Concern. "It took me ten years to have the self-con- fidence to walk away from a prepared text and away from a lectern," Neusner says. "It took me four years to stop trying to persuade the students that I knew a lot. I call my classroom 'Jacob in the Lion's Den.' I stand in the middle of the room sur- rounded by kids, duelling with them." Jack Neusner clearly loves teaching and he is deeply committed to his students. He holds office hours daily and urges his students to come. "The hours are set aside for you," he told them in the first class, "so use them. Don't come in and ask me, 'How are you?' Don't come in and shoot the bull. I want to know if you're having problems or dents said, despite the majority of these traits — or perhaps because of them — he is an excellent teacher. Some found him unpleasant to work with; others said that 'he teaches by humiliating students.' Most, though, asserted confidently that 'he is one of the most intelligent and exciting pro- fessors alive today.' Eighty-seven percent of the respondents would recommend the course be- cause of Neusner, perhaps because, as one stu- dent said, 'Neusner is the course.' " Jack Neusner's reputation as a teacher is only surpassed by his stature as a scholar. "He really has changed the face of his field," says one of his colleagues. Neusner's "field" is the his- tory of Judaism from approximately 50 B.C. to 500 A.D. and the study of what he has called "the single most influential document in the history of want to talk about things." In addition. Jack Neusner has never come unprepared for a class or a lecture, and he rarely gives the same lecture more than twice. One graduate student com- mented on Neusner and his style: "I think he's the finest teacher I've ever seen. He is capable of bringing more out of a student than I've ever seen a teacher do — and he can do that time after time." Isn't his method somewhat devastating? 1 ask. "If he's able to establish a relationship outside of class, the student is less likely to feel devastated," he replied. "Jack would say of his approach, 'It teaches them to take responsibility for what they say and not just shoot their mouths off.' What he teaches is not information," said this admiring student, "but how to use your own mind." Not all students thrive under the Neusner style, as he is well aware. As likely as they are to be riveted, at times they may also feel nailed. In the student course guide of 1977-78, composed of student evaluations of their courses and published by the Undergraduate Council of Students, stu- dents said of Neusner's Judaism in Late Antiquity course: " 'Professor Neusner's course is a valuable experience, but not always a pleasant one.' Neus- ner has traditionally evoked strong reactions from his students, and his performance in RS 164 was no exception to this rule. He was said to be abrasive, demanding, brilliant, concerned, tyran- nical, arbitrary, and opinionated. But many stu- Judaism" — namely, the Talmud. The Talmud itself consists of two parts — the Mishnah, "a late-second-century law code of a ver%' peculiar order," Neusner defines it, and the observations and scholarly commentary on the Mishnah made by Palestinian and Babylonian rabbis. Mishnah claims to be the oral law handed to Moses at Mount Sinai as a counterpart to the written teachings known as Torah. Mishnah claims that its oral record of the law was passed down over many generations to the rabbis, who took the document to Babylon and established it as the foundation for Jewish life there. "Why are the rabbis making comments on this book? Because the Mishnah claims to be authentic revelation and it is therefore worthy of exegesis," explains a Neusner disciple. Because it was believed that God had revealed his will to mankind through the Torah and the oral traditions accompanying the written revelation, study of the sacred texts was considered a holy act. For centuries upon centuries, then, rabbis and their disciples — and to some degree all Jews — would study the Talmud, writing commentary upon commentary, at the same time accepting the Talmud as divine revelation. "What they did was to re-narrate the Biblical stories in their own words," Neusner says. Talmudic scholars ac- cepted as a given that if a Talmudic story attrib- uted a statement or a deed to someone, he really 20 said it or did it. Textual discrepancies mattered not, for tills was the word of God. But Jacob Neusner wasn't buying. The Mishnah itself consists of six divisions. Each contains the laws governing certain kinds of transactions in society — rules for conduct, agri- cultural rules, civil and criminal rules, etc. "I was the first to say, 'What do we have here?' " Neus- ner recalls. " 'Are these eyewitness accounts? If not, then the history that's been done is all wrong.' . . . The revoluhon was to regard the Mishnah as a document done in time and in his- tory and not as an eternal revelation," Neusner says. "I've redone the interpretation of almost the entire document, asking 'What did it mean to the people who said it?' not 'What did it mean for the people who studied it?' What changed was my in- sistence on seeing Mishnah as a world under con- struction." "It's just like asking what Jesus meant when he said, 'Render unto Caesar what is Caesar's.' Is he saying something other than what the Protes- tant church might want him to say?" says Marty Jaffee, a graduate student of Neusner's. "What was Jesus trying to say to the people he was talk- ing to? A secondary issue is. Did he really say it and how can one know that? These are essentially the kinds of questions Jack is asking of the Mish- nah. They are very simple questions, and they've been used on the Old Testament and New Testa- ment and classics, but no one had ever subjected this document to those questions before." "Essentially, when you look at a text you're rich in answers but you need the questions," Neusner explains. "What questions does it answer that I want to ask — and that it can answer?. . . . You can't treat a text as if it's not parhcular to its time — what's surprising is how anything tran- scends its time." In developing his new approach to the study of the Mishnah, Neusner has borrowed much from the critical techniques of other disciplines, especially anthropology. The Mishnah, for in- stance, can be viewed as the fundamental docu- ment of a foreign culture. What can it tell us about that culture? Neusner asks, much as an an- thropologist might ask what the initiation rites of the Yoruba or the ritual songs of the Navajo In- dians tell us about their cultures. Certainly the Mishnah is a religious document, insofar as it deals with how men are to relate to their fellow men and to God; yet it is still the central artifact of a culture. The key to Neusner's approach to the Mish- nah — one which can, he feels, provide insights into any culture — is the notion of "system." A system, according to Neusner, is the world-view and way of life of a particular group of people. In asking what is the system of Mishnah, one is ask- ing. What did this society choose to talk about? What did these people write about and worry about? Neusner asks, and what, conversely, did they exclude from their writings and their con- cerns? If they excluded worries about what people can eat — "As an ordinary man, am I allowed to eat lobster?" — and about when women can marry and leave the home, what does this tell us about their view of themselves and their world? Jacob Neusner first approached the world of the Talmud at age twenty-two. Among tradi- tional Talmudic scholars he got a very late start. Neusner was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1932, the youngest child ("That's the key to me," he says) of Lee and Samuel Neusner. In 1929 Jack's father founded the Comiecfiait Jewish Ledger, an English-language Jewish weekly newspaper. For the next thirty-seven years his father, and then his mother when his father became too ill, ran the paper. "I was used to women being effective per- sonalities," Jack says. Within twenty-four hours of his bar mitzvah at age thirteen. Jack Neusner had a job at the newspaper. He ran errands and learned news writing from reporters on the Hartford Times. (He'd been given a typewriter in the second grade.) He wrote headlines and did layouts. As soon as he got his driver's license, he became the courier to the printing plant. "I had the run of downtown Hartford, which was a great place then, and I was paid $5 a week, a fortune in those days. But I never got to participate in school activ- ities," Jack recalls, "and we often worked on Saturday mornings." Though Jack grew up in a Jewish household, his was in no way an observant family, he says. "From the time I was thirteen or fourteen I wanted to be a rabbi, but that was an adolescent cop-out — so I would have something to say when people asked me, 'What do you want to do?' " Jack left the paper at eighteen when he en- tered Harvard College. He studied American his- tory, and loved it. Following his graduation, magna cum laude, he went to Oxford for a year of further study, but he knew he wanted to attend rabbinical school. "I discovered in college while writing papers that it always mattered to me if it had to do with things Jewish. That's what in- terested me." At Oxford Jack met more observant Jews his own age. "They impressed me," he says, "and I could respect them intellectually." Jack was ad- vised to attend the Jewish Theological Seminary, the Conservative rabbinical school, rather than Hebrew Union College, the more "liberal" one. In order to pursue that kind of education, however. Jack would have to observe all the Jewish laws — daily prayer, keeping kosher, rest and no smoking on the Sabbath, etc. "I was a cigarette smoker," Jack remembers. "The Sabbath I made it from sundown to sundown without a cigarette I applied to the JTS. I felt if 1 can do this, 1 can do anything." Harold White, now a chaplain and director of the Hillel at Georgetown University, was a fellow student and friend of Jack's at the Seminary. "He came with not the strongest Jewish background," White recalls, "and in a few short months he was 'He has really changed the face of his field — the history of Judaism from 50 B.C. to 500 A.D.' 21 'The graduate students who come to work with Jack learn to be overachievers' able to pass the entrance exams, to gather the necessary background to be considered a worthy candidate for the senunary tradition. What might have taken other people twelve years to accom- plish, he did in three months — that was probably the most impressive thing. He had the ability to sit down and really engage in scholarly pursuits without being distracted, what in Yiddish is called sitzfleisch. And he had a prolific pen — that's been for as long as I've known him. "We were regarded as lower-class citizens at Seminary," White says, "because we were not products of Jewish day schools or yeshivot (Hebrew high schools). I went to an Ivy League school, too." Jack neither confirms nor denies White's story about his admission. There is a corpus of "Neus- ner stories," he indicates. That was merely one. "But I will say that within a year at the Seminary I could hold my own — that is true. Everybody in the place knew more than 1 did," he says. "There were freshmen at Columbia and junior high school students who knew more. I had no real knowledge of Hebrew before I started. I had the advantage of seeing everything fresh because I didn't know anything. Often someone who comes fresh can completely restructure the field because he has no commitments. I was very much resented," Jack remembers. "I was marginal — neither in nor out — and it was a very tough six years. But scholars have to be marginal in order to make a contribu- tion. Scholarship is like child's play, because chil- dren like to take things apart and to see how things work." Though Jack Neusner had been working towards a Ph.D. in religion at Columbia concur- rently with his rabbinic studies and his first love was scholarship, he assumed he would find a place in a pulpit somewhere. "In the late 1950s it never entered my mind that I could be a professor in a university. At that time, there were not five positions in universities in this country in the study of Judaism, except those under religious auspices. But I figured 1 would be unhappy in a pulpit. Some people are defrocked," he says, "and 1 was unsuited to begin with." To his great surprise, in his final year Jack was offered a teaching position at Columbia. "1 was unbelievably lucky — and I know it — but I had to leave after a year. It broke my heart." Jack's disser- tation at Columbia on a key figure of the rabbinic movement in first-centurv Babylon — Yohanan ben Zakkai — was awarded the Abraham Berliner Prize in Jewish History upon its publication in 1962. Jack spent two years as an assistant professor of Hebrew at the University of Wisconsin in Mil- waukee. It was a mismatch. He spent the next two years at Brandeis as a research associate, embark- ing on what was to become a five-volume project — A History of the feivs in Babylonia. In 1964 he married Suzanne Richter and they left for Dartmouth College, where he was to be an assistant professor of religion. The years at Dart- mouth were formative ones for him. "The people in my department really cared for each other and were willing to fight with each other. We were in- tellectually engaged with each other and cared for each other's ideas, even though we disagreed bit- terly, but I could never have stayed there. Han- over was too isolated. We had two babies and how could we go to a cocktail party from 5:30 to 7, when we don't drink much?" Jack Neusner came to Brown in 1968 as pro- fessor of religious studies. Soon he began to re- ceive recognition for his scholarly work. In 1974 Columbia University awarded him its University Medal for Excellence. In 1975 he was named Un- gerleider Distinguished Scholar of Judaic Studies and University Professor at Brown. Last year the University of Chicago awarded him an honorary doctor of humane letters, and the University of Cologne awarded him a doctor of philosophy de- gree. Last year, too, he was appointed a member of the National Council on the Humanities, the governing board of the National Endowment for the Humanities. He has held numerous offices in professional organizations, served as visiting pro- fessor at the University of Minnesota last fall, and has written or edited two and a half sizable shelves full of books. Indeed, his literary production is the stuff of legend. "The big joke about Jack Neusner was, 'Call Jack and see if he can't have a book out by tomorrow,' " one observer recounts. "He's just so incredibly prolific and the astonishing thing is that he isn't constantly mining the same turf. You could understand it if he was doing that, but he's not." In fact, writing, for Jack Neusner, is like breathing — it has the same insistency. He works daily from 8 to 10;30 in his office at home, goes for a swim at the Jewish Community Center, and then returns for another hour of work. "You don't do a lot in any one day," he says, "but if you work 365 days a year you get an awful lot done." He's at Brown every day from 1 to 5, hold- ing office hours and teaching. Watches have been set, with some accuracy, by the time Jack and Wendell Dietrich, chairman of the department, cross the Green to the Blue Room for coffee several times a week (it's just after 2). "1 want to keep in touch with what he's thinking," Dietrich says. "Every now and then I will hear of some important insight he got in the JCC pool." Jack works at home from 6 to 9 at night and then watches "whatever junk is on TV, except on Thursday when I take off time to watch 'Mork and Mindy.' It's terrific." Does he have any hobbies? "I have four children," he replies instantly. "They're very absorbing." Jack Neusner is not without his detractors. "He is a man of very great stature — every- one recognizes that," says one colleague. "He has very powerful enthusiasms, tremendous energies, powerful loyalties. He is volatile; he's a 22 fighter; and he gets into some remarkable scraps from time to time. Jack demands that he be taken seriously — that does lead to some tensions from time to time. He is a thoroughly political man and he obviously knows how to use influence and power on behalf of the causes he is interested in." One member of the community who has worked with him on several projects suggests that he is a man of extremes, predictability being the missing element in his personality. He runs hot or cold, is never lukewarm, and his students and col- leagues have no way of predicting the temperature before their bath. "He is a very demanding per- son," says another observer. "When he decides that he has an interesting idea he makes certain that it gets known." Neusner's greatest demands, perhaps, are on his graduate students — and they are his prizes. He takes an intense interest in their welfare and seems to be involved in all aspects of their lives. The graduate seminar meets twelve months a year — during vacations, during the summer. "Grad- uate students are working people," he says. "I am a working man like any other working man. I get paid to do my work. I don't ask my students to do anything I don't do. The first thing you learn as an adult is that you do your job before anything else." Though the demands are great, the work is not without its rewards. By the end of three or four years the students — there are four presently in residence — have completed their dissertations, work done for presentation in the seminar. And though he makes no promises, all his students have found teaching positions. Richard Sarason, a Brown Ph.D. (1974) and Neusner protege, joined the Brown faculty in 1976. "The students who come here to work with Jack make a bargain," says one observer. "They learn to be overachievers, more than they ever thought they could be, and they work very hard. Jack cares very much about their futi.ire and if he does have a lot to do with the shape of their per- sonal lives, that's part of the bargain. But his stu- dents only put in three or four years and what they get out lasts a lifetime." One colleague suggests, "In a sense the in- tense interest and involvement with his graduate students is a modern transposition of that classic form, the rabbi with his students in the yeshiva. Also from his rabbinic training, perhaps, he has a very strong sense that what you do and the ges- tures you make are of great consequence." Indeed, it is somewhat ironic — and strangely moving — that this man's love for his students (there is no other word) should find expression in this form: the rabbi, studying the Talmud, with his disciples. Jacob Neusner is doing new things. His work, and the work of the students he sends forth each year, may eventually undermine the traditional approach to the study of the Talmud, but the endeavor, in its fascination, beauty, worth, and in- tellectual appeal, is eternal. In the card catalogue of the Rockefeller Library there is an index guide card for Jacob Neusner — right between Neuroses and Neu- trality. In a way, this says it all. He is neither neurotic, nor neutral. He is Neusner, sin generis. A NEUSNER SAMPLER Scholarly zoorks: A Life of Yohanan ben Zakkai. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1962. Second edition, completely revised, 1970. A History of the Jews in Babylonia. Leiden: E. J. Brill, five vols., 1965-70. Eliezer ben Hyrcanus: The Tradition and the Man. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1973. A History of the Mishnaic Law of Purities. Leiden: E. J. Brill, twenty-two vols., 1974- 1977. A History of the Mishnaic Law of Holy Things. Leiden, E. J. Brill, six vols., 1978-79. A History of the Mishnaic Law of Women. Leiden: E. J. Brill, five vols., 1979-80. The Glory of God Is Intelligence. Four Lectures on the Ideal of Torah-Study in the History of Judaism. Delivered at Brighivn Young Universit-y, June 7-8, 1977. Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 1978. Textbooks: The Way of Torah: An Introduction to Judaism. Encino: Dickenson Publishing Company, 1970. Third edihon, thoroughly revised, 1978. There We Sat Down: Talmudic Judaism in the Making. Second printing, New York: KTAV Publishing House, 1978. American Judaism: Adventure in Modernity. Fourth printing. New York: KTAV Publishing House, 1978. Invitation to the Talmud: A Teaching Book. New York: Harper and Row, second printing, 1974. Paperback edition, 1975. Between Time and Eternity: The Essentials of Judaism. Encino: Dickenson Publishing Co., 1976. Editor: Understanding American Judaism. Toward the Description of a Modern Religion. I. The Synagogue and the Rabbi. II. The Sectors of American Judaism: Reform, Orthodoxy, Conservatism, and Reconstructionism. New York: KTAV Publishmg House, 1975. Ch ildrcn 's Textbooks: Learn Mishnah. New York: Behrman House, 1978. Learn Talmud. New York: Behrman House, 1979. Collections of Essays: The Academic Study of Judaism: Essays and Reflections. New York: KTAV Publishing House, 1975. Second series, 1977. Fellowship in Judaism: First Century and Today. London: Vallontine, Mitchell and Co., 1963. 23 After twenty- eight years the throats still warble, the notes still trill THE CHATTERTOCKS By Debra Shore 24 Beiuare the Jabbenmck, my son! Tlie jaws that bite, the clau's that catch! Beivare the juhjub bird, and shun Tlie frumious Bandersnatch! — Lewis Carroll But hark, the Chattertock, my son! Tlie throats that warble, the notes that trill! Alas, the strutting cock is done. His place nine Muses fill. — Anonymous Chattertock? What's that? Don't you mean Chatterbox? A women's singing group, you say, from Pembroke? Oh, then you must mean Chicken Pox. . . . The name has always given them trouble. It was intended as a spoof on the Jabberwocks, a men's singing group formed at Brown in 1949 which took (7s name from the Lewis Carroll verse above. Two years later, during "scut week," sev- eral Pembroke students living in Sharpe House decided to do a parody — in tttle and style — and the Chattertocks were born. In the somewhat carefree and unselfconscious college atmosphere that permitted a group of otherwise perfectly reasonable and intelligent young women to call themselves the Chattertocks, they were an im- mediate hit. There were twelve members then, and they sang at college events, fraternity parties, and with the Glee Club. By 1955, senior Nancy Tobin (Dorer), a charter member, organized the first an- nual Intercollegiate Sing. The second generation of Chattertocks made their debut singing "Beauty Shop Quartet," "I Dream of You," "Cider Time," and "The Halls of Ivy." In 1957 the Chattertocks sang in their first Latin Carol Service, which was itself ten years old. Eunice B. Couch and her daughter (recruited by classics professor and mas- ter of ceremonies Herbert N. Couch) had prepared a Latin translation of "The Twelve Days of Christ- mas" (henceforth known as "Duodecim Dies Christi Nati") and, with the help of music profes- sor Ron Nelson, the group prepared a musical ar- rangement. The Grex Chattertockarum — rough- ly, "gaggle of Chattertocks" — have performed "Duodecim Dies" with verve every year since then. And this points up an essential fact: the Chat- tertocks are the lone surviving Pembroke campus organization at Brown today. They have outlived the Jabberwocks and several other singing groups that died for lack of funds, or interest, or an out- moded style — vichms, perhaps, of the frumious Bandersnatch. (These include, among others, the The 1978-79 Chattertocks (left): Clockwise, from left, Pam Summit '81, music manager, Anna Fromcr '79, Si/lvia Kemp '80, Betsy August '80. Dolores McDonagh '80, Carta Non'ell '81, Cccilc Calvert '79, Tern Bcusingcr '80, Libby McLaughlin '82, and Maxanne Resnick '81, business manager. PDQ's, the Brunaires, the 42nd Parallel.) The Chorus has survived — but it is affiliated with the music department and receives some support from the University. The Chattertocks do not. Among the programs and newspaper notices, letters of enthusiastic appreciation, and water- stained photographs collected in the Chattertocks' scrapbooks is a short article from a 1959 issue of the Neiv Yorker. It seems that a group of Rhode Is- land businessmen had had all they could take of the slurs directed at Rhode Island. These men formed a booster club, selecting the Rhode Island Red rooster as a symbol of their campaign to boost Rhode Island. "The Rhode Island Red hen is the official bird of the state," theNeio Yorker account says, "but the rooster was selected by the busi- nessmen, who admired its speed, virility, and noise." These men decided to launch their cam- paign before an audience of "some five hundred potential Rooster Boosters" who had gathered, unsuspecHng, in the ballroom of the Sheraton- Biltmore to hear Henry R. Luce speak on the con- dition of the world. After dessert — and before Luce — the Chattertocks, who had been drafted as conspirators in this endeavor, began singing "Poor Little Rhode Island, the Smallest of the Forty- Eight." They were soon interrupted by a man shouting, "Stop the music! I'm tired of that old song!" The Rooster Boosters proceeded with their plan and three minutes of solid booshng ensued. The Chattertocks sang "Be A Rooster Booster" and the campaign was off — speedily, with much virility and noise. "It was a stupid song," one of the Chattertocks recalled later. She returned late to her dorm — at something like 10:15 p.m. — and had to appear before the Honor Council. For her it was an embarrassing incident all round. One member, Jamee Francis (Graham) '61, reminisced recently about the group. "We had some ridiculous songs, oh God. One was called 'Social Hotdog.' And there was 'My Cutte Doo on the Choo Choo Choo.' And our uniform — oh, this is a biggie, this is a real biggie — it was a brown jumper with a paisley blouse." Still, Jamee enjoyed the group immensely. "We wanted to sing and enjoyed singing in parts," she said. "That was the main interest we had." Jamee majored in music at Pembroke and earned a master of music in piano from Yale. For many years she was in- volved in church work and conducted a church chorus. Now she teaches music in the public schools in Pittsburgh. When her children were young, Jamee tried to teach them the Latin version of "Twelve Days of Christmas." "It's stuck with me," she said. By the mid-60s, the Chattertocks had aban- doned the barbershop style and concentrated on singing folk music in close harmony, adding guitars for accompaniment. Much of their work was arranged by Ron Nelson and various mem- bers of the group. They often sang at other col- leges for a Winter or Spring Weekend, sharing the bill with the Vassar G-Stringers, the Wellesley Anna Fromer '79 Sylvia Kcmp> 'SO Terri Bensinger '80 25 Widows, the Dartmouth Injunaires, the MIT Logarhythms, the Harvard Business School Ty- coons, the Mount Holyoke V-8's, and the Bovvdoin Meddiebempsters. In these years the group took two first prizes in New England folk festival com- petitions. During spring vacation in 1968 the group lined up a series of engagements singing at alumni clubs, country clubs, and hotels in southern Florida. "Ask anyone," the scrapbook reads, "the trip was great and everyone loved us." Over their twenty-eight years the Chatter- tocks have seen many transformations — and this has probably ensured their survival. By the mid- 1970s their popularity, however, was low. "People just weren't interested in folk stuff," recalls Anna Fromer 79. "Women's music isn't very popular and you've got to capitalize on what people like." Anna, who had been with the group since her freshman year, asked a friend in the band to come to a rehearsal. "We were doing songs that really needed a band," she explains, "but we were doing them a cappella and they sounded awfiil. " Henri "Boom Boom" Bulterman '71, '77 Sc.M. came dragging his brother David and another friend in tow. The Chattertocks had a band, which is now composed of Boom Boom on piano, Tim Eskey '80 on drums, and Scott Young '80 on bass guitar. "Once we got a band we discovered that we couldn't be heard above the instruments," Anna says, "so we needed amplification." The group borrowed money from the Undergraduate Council of Students and received a grant of $100 as well, enabling them to buy four microphones, with speakers and amplifiers. The girls book all their own dates — often with area alumni clubs and other groups — raise their own money, take care of their music and equipment. Auditions for new members — the group fluctuates between nine and twelve — are usually held in the fall; last year approximately fifty students tried out for three openings. Once in, however, a member is good for Rchciirsing for the Latin Carol Sen'ice in 1958: from left, Emily Mott-Smilh MacKenzie '62, ]amee Francis Graham '61, Carolyn Hanson Prescott '60, Nancy Otto Banning '61, Eleanor judd Qiiinn '59, Katherine Hempstead Humm '59, Madeleine lohnson Anderson '59, jean Callahan Wolman '59, and ludilh Fall Ryder ■61. 26 life. "Our motto is, 'Once a Chattertock, always a Chattertock,' "Anna says. Former members are welcome to return and sing with the group — some do — and those off for a year abroad return to the fold. "Do you know the last note?" one member demanded of another in a recent rehear- sal. "No," she replied. "Then go back to Paris," the first retorted. (The group urges all former Chattertocks to write Betsy August, Box 165, Brown University, Providence, R.I. 02912.) The Chattertocks now perform about twice a month and rehearse twice a week. Neither they nor the band receive any remuneration. What money they earn goes into their account with the UCS. In addition, they often give free concerts — at the Gate, for instance, where they once wore tuxedos. On another occasion they performed a disco medley and appeared in disco garb. This year for the first time ever, the Chatter- tocks offered Chattergrams on Valentine's Day. For $5 — a bargain — the group presented a rose and a song to the lucky recipient of the valentine. Those sending the message could choose from a selection of such tunes as "My Funny Valentine," "Let's Do It," "Do I Love You?," "My Cherie Amour," "Handy Man," or even "Breaking Up Is Hard To Do." At one rehearsal the week before Chatter- grams hit the scene, however, one member han- dling the orders gave this report: "Someone said they wanted us to sing the first few lines of 'I The 1965-66 Cliatterlocks: standing, Stephani Cotsirilos '68, Marcta Rollin Woodicard '69, Jeanne DeRouvtlle Carpenter '68, Ellen Turner Harris '67, Kay Shibley Francis '67, Leslie Dallas Wiseman '67, Civyn Walker '68; seated, Cheryl Adams Gherardini '67, Margy Bedrick Tarkow '68, }udy Bellizia '68. the late josi Rosenkranz Wildstein '66; on floor, Karen Matthnvs Parker '69 and Margaret French Gardner '68. Gave My Love A Cherry.' (laughter) They said they'd pay extra for it. ..." "I spoke with someone at the florists who said they may not have enough roses for Valentine's Day," another reported. "I'm sorry," someone chimed in, "that sounds ridiculous." "Wait, haven't you heard about the rose crisis?" What this should show, above all, is that the girls have fun. Most are not music majors — Anna, for instance, is a political science honors concen- trator who hopes to attend law school — and many will not pursue formal singing upon their graduation. But while they're at Brown, singing — in a small group, with other women — is what they want to do. "For as much work as it is, it's a lot of fun," says Betsy August '80. "The people are really great; there's not that much rivalry. We try to bring out the best in each person." "I was just thinking," said one at a rehearsal, "we should go on the Gong Show, you know?" 27 Sign language A new ''umbrella'' discipline called semiotics is being pioneered at Brown By Janet Phillips Photographs by John Foraste A knock at the door, a footprint, a spontaneous out- cry, a painting, a piece of music, a conversation, a silent meditation, something in writing, a syllogism, an algebraic equahon, a geometric diagram, a weathervane, an ordinary letter. . . Each of these activities or things is an attempt to com- municate. From the perspective of sign theory, they are signs that stand for something above and beyond themselves and convey meaning to us. And what they tell us depends not only on the content of the message, its medium, and its con- text, but on the meanings and interpretations that each of us supplies to them. To a Jew in Nazi Germany, a simple knock at the door may be a terrifying event; to a suburban Ameri- can, it would probably signify little more than an interrup- tion of his afternoon nap. A lone human footprint on an otherwise trackless desert would be far more cryptic than that same footprint in an unbroken leff-and-right series marching across the dunes. A New England weathervane pointing steadily northwest means little to us if we don't know the significance of wind direction in reading the weather, but to a knowledgeable observer it is a harbinger of clear skies, high winds, and cooler temperatures. Hamlet's "Get thee to a nunnery" had an ambiguous meaning for au- diences in Shakespeare's time, when "nunnery" was also a colloquial term for brothel — but that ambiguity, and its im- plications, are largely lost on modern audiences. Sign theory has been around for over two thousand years, at least since Plato's "Cratylus" and his parable of the Cave. Three hundred years ago, the English philosopher John Locke, in his "Essay on Human Understanding," pro- posed the term "semeiotica" (derived from the Greek "semeiotikos," meaning "observant of signs") to denote "a doctrine of signs, the most usual whereof being words." Locke classed "semeiotica" as one of the three great prov- inces of the intellectual world, along with physics and ethics. But it wasn't until the last third of the twentieth centurj- that "semeiotica" came into its own and was reborn as semiotics, the study of signs and systems of communication. Semiotics is now a burgeoning academic discipline, and Brown University is helping to pioneer it. Brown currently offers the only undergraduate concentration in semiotics in the country, established four years ago by Professor of Eng- lish Robert Scholes, which has been attracting large numbers of students. Brown also has a new interdisciplinary Center for Research in Semiotics, under the direction of Professor of Slavic Languages Thomas Winner, and recently was the host to the annual meeting of the Semiotic Society of America, of which Winner is past president. To those who have become involved with this new discipline, semiotics offers a fresh perspective on their own fields of endeavor and a unifying approach to other areas of knowledge. "Our whole perception is through the mediation of signs," Winner explains. "We transform the world of brute facts into a world of signs to impose order on the universe. And all communication proceeds by systematized signs. Semiotics is concerned with the ways humans communicate in culture" — not just with how meaning is transmitted, but how it is culturally determined. Every act of perception and cognition is an act of interpretation, according to semiotic theory; and interpretation — the translation of one sign into another — is a reflection of its cultural context. Winner uses the example of nodding one's head — a gesture which has opposite meanings in the United States and Greece — to illustrate a cultural sign. Language, intona- tion, gesture, dress, music, fine arts, architecture are all cul- turally embedded sign systems — each a "language" in its own right, with its own code and grammar. Robert Scholes says, "Semiotics has been defined by one of the greatest stu- dents of it as 'The study of anything that can be used in order to lie.' Purely natural phenomena are not semiotic unless they're subject to misinterpretation." Language itself, which Winner calls "the privileged semiotic system," is the pro- totype or model for all other human sign systems. Semiotics deals with how language and related systems are structured (grammar or syntactics), with how they embody meaning (semantics), and with the uses to which they can be put (pragmatics). By placing sign systems within the overall context of cul- tural communication, semiotics is able to show the relation- ships between systems without reducing them to one another or violating their integrity. "Semiotics can deal with a literary text as something that communicates on many levels, instead of reducing the whole thing to Freudian symbolism or Marx- ist political analysis," Winner observes. "Those elements may indeed be present, but semiotics can recognize them without falling into the trap of reductionism." Semiotics can show the relationship between the structure of a novel and the structure of a film — for example, in comparing the 28 Professor Thomas Winner: "Semiotics is the interdisciplinary discipline par excellence. " 29 classic fictional device of the "omniscient narrator" with the cinematic device of the camera as an all-seeing, invisible eye (rather than a filtering or distorting lens); it can demonstrate how, in a particular culture, a kinship rule may be translated into a myth and in turn into an economic transaction. It is "the interdisciplinary discipline par excellence," in Winner's words. Therein lie both its enormous value and its pitfalls. Semiotics as a discipline came into being in response to the information explosion and the increasing compartmentaliza- tion of knowledge in this century; it fulfills "the need for something which overcomes barriers," Winner says. Accord- ing to Scholes, "Semiotics provides a vocabulary and a set of concepts to enable us to talk about any text or sign process in common language." But it has been accused of "intellectual imperialism," which Scholes concedes is a danger. Semiotics is an evolving field, still struggling to define its terms and its boundaries, and reduced in the meantime to assembling what Scholes calls "bits and pieces of pictures of the sign process" from other disciplines, as well as borrowing their vocabularies. (The first world semiotic congress, held in Milan in 1972, laid the cornerstone for a common vocabulary in establishing "semiotics" as the name for this new disci- pline, which Scholes calls "a great step forward.") Moreover, different opinions abound on the proper scope of semiotics. Should it concern itself only with human communication, and specifically with culturally determined communication (as distinct from, say, involuntary physiolog- ical signs such as blushing, sweating, and pupil dilation, all of which communicate something about our emotional states)? Should it include animal communication (zoo- semiotics), or ways in which humans interpret natural phenomena, or the sign systems of the natural world, such as genetic coding? The turn-of-the-century American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce, who is generally con- sidered the father of modern semiotic theory, summed up the problem when he said, "The whole universe is perfused by signs, if it isn't a sign itself." As Scholes puts it, "That's an awful lot to expect someone to know." One area where semiotics has immediate and concrete value, and where its applications are well understood, is in dealing with the "communications explosion" — the prolif- erahon of books, magazines, newspapers, television, mov- ies, and advertising that confronts us at every turn. Because semiohcs teaches us to notice how signs and sign texts are used to convey meaning, it forces us to be aware of overt and covert messages and to examine our own interpretation of and response to them. It can be enlightening — and discon- certing — to uncover "hidden" meanings and assumptions that we normally take for granted. Imagine, for example, that you're looking at a photograph of a couple in an intimate and private moment, and you're drawn into the intensity of that moment, when you suddenly realize that there is a third presence in the room with that couple — the photographer. That realization destroys the illusion of intimacy that the photograph creates and makes us aware of our collusion with the photographer in pretending that he (the intruder) doesn't exist or is invisible; it enables us to see the communicative act as a whole. In semiotic argot, this is known as "deconstruct- ing the text." And since "every act of interpretation is unique," as Scholes says, in that it consists of an interaction between the text and the interpreter, when you deconstruct the text, you're also deconstructing the interpreter. Brown's undergraduate concentration in semiotics is focused primarily on the "communicative arts" and specifically on the verbal media — literature, jour- nalism, speech, drama, video, and film. In a real sense, the program developed in response to the communications ex- plosion. Scholes says, "I'd been doing work in semiotics, although I didn't call it that, and I saw so many students try- ing to work out independent concentrations that included the arts and media and looking for an intellectual framework in which to put them. Students who would major elsewhere in creative wrihng, film, or communications are all brought under the umbrella of semiotics at Brown. It's a way of con- trolling student interest in the media in a fashion appropriate to a liberal-arts insritution." The four main emphases within the concentration are writing (poetry or fiction), film, communications, and semiotic theory. In each track, students range far afield in learning theory, analysis, and produchon; the list of recom- mended courses includes offerings in linguistics, philoso- phy, engineering, psychology, anthropology, and classics, in addition to literature, film, speech, and drama. Students are also encouraged to take a foreign language, preferably French, because "much modern theory of semiotics is writ- ten in French," Scholes says, "and any foreign language in- creases your understanding of English, which is an impor- tant goal." They're allowed to include one course in a non- verbal medium such as dance, still photography, or studio art as part of the concentration — but no more than one. Scholes explains, "We don't want to seem to offer a watered- down major in the fine arts." The semiotics program is concerned not just with inte- Semiotics fulfills "the need for something which overcomes barriers" grating the study of various communicative arts, but with approaching them from the perspective of communications theor\'. Scholes's own concern is teaching writing — he and Nancy Comley '71, m Ph.D. have put together a writing textbook that "couldn't have been done without communi- cations theory" — but he points out that "we're not trying to turn out creative writers, but to train people to understand written texts." Film is an important component of the pro- gram because, as he explains it, "When you teach the struc- ture of film for analytical purposes, you can demonstrate very concretely what it is you're talking about. It turns out that the structure of film has a good deal in common with literary texts and also some important differences; it helps literature students have a much sharper perception of the structure of literary works, as well as learning how film texts are put together. "The semiotics program is trying to produce balanced individuals who can speak, write, make a film if necessary, communicate in a lot of ways, and understand the common features in all these communicative processes," Scholes says. "We're not doing vocational training, but we're trying to prepare our students for all fields of endeavor where the ability to write, speak, and understand the media is impor- tant." Like the discipline itself, the program is evolving: "We beefed up the philosophical component, because there were too many students who knew a little linguisHcs but were 30 Robert Scholes: "Vie semiotics program is trying to produce balanced individuals who can communicate in a lot of ways. " short on the logic and philosophy of language. Right now, the communications aspect is the weakest part of the pro- gram, because we don't have the personnel to teach it." But the program's appeal to students is evident in the dramatic increase in semiotics concentrators over the past four years — from four in 1974 to about seventy now. Research and graduate education in semiotics at Brown are just getting organized; both come under the aegis of the Center for Research in Semiotics, which Winner helped to found early this year. The interdisciplinary Center is part of an informal consortium with Yale and Indiana University, the only other institutions in the country with similar cen- ters. The consortium, in turn, has established a cooperative arrangement with the University of Warsaw (Russia, Poland, and Czechoslovakia are leaders in semiotic research), and will sponsor annual colloquia as well as trade visiting faculty. Right now. Brown's Center is a small-scale operation (they graduated their first Ph.D. this year) with a tiny budget and no full-time-equivalent faculty. But Winner is currently working on grant applications, and with time and money, the Center is expected to become a major focus of semiotic activity, not just at Brown but nationally and internationally. Semiotics is obviously here to stay. The question is whether it can establish credibility as a vital discipline in its own right, rather than just a new twist in academic nomen- clature. Scholes concedes that already "a terrible amount of garbage is published under the rubric of semioHcs." But a clue to its fundamental validity and its appeal can be found in an honors project proposal submitted by semiotics concen- trator Jim Rosenbluth '79, tentatively titled "The Semiotics of Sensory Encoding in the Human Nervous System." Rosenblufh's hypothesis (echoing Winner's observation that "our whole perception is through the mediation of signs") is that "the encoding and perception of environ- mental stimuli constitutes life's most fundamental system of symbolic representation. . . . (that) the perceptual process in mammals is influenced by learning as well as heredity." In other words, the way we see, feel, and hear things is largely dependent on how we were taught to do so — on how we learned to interpret and classify the world around us. Thus, our perceptions — the building blocks with which we con- struct our world — are symbols of the reality that is translated through our senses. Seen from this perspective, all human activities and endeavors reflect an underlying sign system of shared perceptions, which are culturallv determined to vary- ing degrees. After outlining the ways in which he plans to explore his hypothesis and its implications, Rosenbluth concludes, "This project would give me the opportunity to synthesize my di- verse interests into one undertaking. This is a fascinating prospect for me, because perhaps during the course of the project the underlying unity of all the fields of knowledge that I have pursued at Brown will begin to dawn." 31 1 Wondering about the future of the economy? Ask Mike Evans By Robert S. Ingersoll '60 Michael K. Evans '60 was in good com- pany. Stretched across hvo facing pages in the January 8 issue oi Forbes was an oil painting in the old masters style, depict- ing sixteen individuals who had most influenced economic thinking from the seventeenth to early twenriefh centuries. Sir Isaac Newton, David Hume, Adam Smith, Alexander Hamilton, Thom- as Malthus, John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, John Maynard Keynes, and others were grouped to- gether, in powdered wigs and stiff collars where appropriate. And on the next two facing pages, in like portraiture but attired in three-piece suits (except for John Kenneth Galbraith in a rugby shirt), were thirteen of today's most influential economic prac- titioners. There were Paul A. Samuelson, Milton Friedman, Otto Eckstein, Robert Heilbroner, Law- rence Klein, Henry Kaufman, Eliot Janeway, and the youngest of that notable aggregation — Mike Evans. The article was not so much about what these latter gentlemen do or say, but what they make, which in some cases is several hundred thousand dollars annually. It described the recent demand explosion for economic analysis and forecasting which helps support 115,000 economists in this country, about the same as the number of dentists. "Certainly the gypsies, astrologers, and medicine men never had it so good," the author wrote. "Add up the salaries, book sales, economic fore- casting and consulting firm profits, and the eco- nomics industry could easily be worth over $2 bil- : < •; i'^^ 32 lion a year." It went on to highlight some of the individual financial success stories in the industry, pointing out that Evans had just sold his remain- ing share of Chase for $3 million or so, and Eck- stein's holdings in DRI were worth $7.5 mOlion at current market prices. Chase is Chase Econometric Associates, Inc., of Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, near Philadelphia, the nation's largest economic analysis and fore- casting firm. Evans started it on a shoestring in 1970 and sold it to the Chase Manhattan Bank this past January. DRI is Data Resources, Inc., of Cambridge, Massachusetts, run by Otto Eckstein, the chief competitor of Chase Econometrics. Evans and Eckstein were compared elsewhere in the Forbes article by an officer of the Federal Re- serve Bank of Boston, explaining why he felt that corporate and government clients spend tens of thousands of dollars to acquire the economic fore- casting services of Evans, Eckstein, et al. "For one thing, you don't subscribe to these forecasters for their perfect accuracy," he said. "You subscribe for their data bases and for a feel, an understanding, a story of what the economy will do. Often you buy the individuals: warm Otto Eckstein, conservative Larry Klein, or flamboyant Mike Evans." Flamboyant. If that describes a propensity to call it as he sees it, in straightforward language, then flamboyance is one of the qualities that has helped propel Mike to the forefront of what Thom- as Carlyle described a century ago as the "dismal science." Whether or not it's dismal depends on how it has affected you, but there is no question that the economic analysis and forecasting under- taken by Mike is strictly scientific. For he is an econometridan, a new breed of economist. Econometrics is a science that has emerged only within the last two decades and that bases in- terpretation of economic data and forecasts of eco- nomic behavior on a tightly prescribed statistical methodology. This differs from purely judgmental techniques that econometricians might equate with waving a moistened finger in the breeze to forecast national weather patterns. The foundation from which all econometric forecasting springs is the econometric "model." A model is simply a series of mathematical equations that capture the relationships and dependencies of all the elements making up a complex economy. Econometricians "build" these models, conveying the image, perhaps, of building an intricate ma- chine from a child's erector set. But the building process is two-dimensional, undertaken on the pages of notebooks, or stretched across black- boards. The well-known Chase Macroeconomic Model, capturing the multifaceted complexion of the entire U.S. economy in mathematical terms, contains nearly 200 equations devised by Mike. The undertaking consumed a year of concentrated effort and the model receives ongoing fine tuning 33 as shifts and changes within the economy affect various relationships. Once a model is constructed it is programmed on high-speed computers. But then what hap- pens? How does it generate the myriad of forecast detail for which clients pay so dearly and wait so eagerly? The forecasts are produced by subjecting the model to certain "assumptions" about the future performance of critical external or "exogenous" variables that have a direct bearing upon the per- formance of the variables to be forecast. For in- stance, to forecast interest rates certain assump- tions must be made about the future activity of such exogenous variables as bank reserves, gov- ernment demand deposits, government debt, non-business loans, and mcire. These same as- sumptions are also related to many other variables to be forecast, including unemployment, housing starts, and consumption of consumer and capital goods. The relationships between the exogenous variables or assumptions and all of the forecast variables have been worked out through historical experimentation and built into the equations comprising the model. The beaut)' of computerization is that the re- sults of the assumptions fed into a model may be seen almost instantly, eliminating time otherwise spent in laborious hand calculation. However, the assumptions must be on target if the forecasts are to be on target. Models and computers facilitate forecasts but they don't make forecasts. Econo- mists do. And it is the judgment of the economists who make the assumptions, as well as the design of the model that applies them, that clients are purchasing. Starting literally as a one-man shop in 1970, Mike Evans built Chase Econometrics in the intervening years into an organization of 150 people providing analysis, forecasting, and consulting services for fifteen different sectors of the economy. Clients, which include some 600 corporations, financial institutions, utilities, and governments throughout the world, subscribe to such services as macroeconomics, financial, in- dustrial production, industrial prices, metals, ag- riculture, insurance, regional economics, interna- tional economics, foreign exchange rates, and others. Each service is directed by a team headed by a senior economist and supported by additional economists, researchers, data managers, and technical consultants. It's not onlv a brainy aggre- gation — including numerous Ph.D's, M.B.A.'s, and M.A.'s — but unlike some other forecasting and consulting firms, Mike has reached into the ranks of business, finance, and government to re- cruit individuals with "real world" experience. The services produce short-term forecasts extending about two years out, and long-term, extending a decade into the future, issued on monthly and quarterly schedules. Printed material Mike Evans at his desk: "Retirement would be only working five days a week." includes extensive analysis, detailed forecast ta- bles, and special reports on sudden events of major economic consequence. Additionally, writ- ten analysis, forecast tables, and voluminous his- torical data going back a quarter century are avail- able to clients through rtme-sharing. Via desk-top computer terminals in their offices, clients may "access" to data bases and forecasts to retrieve selected information, which is transmitted in- stantly to the terminal's TV-like screen. And through state-of-the-art computer technology, clients may change the assumptions that went into a forecast to reflect their own thinking, and then run the new assumptions through the model to see the results. Clients may also link the Chase models to their own internal models to introduce the broad economic perspective to their own specific company's sales, inventories, and finan- cial forecasts. The acceptance of econometric modeling techniques for corporate and institutional deci- sion-making is widespread. In a relatively new wrinkle, however, the model makers have played key and often controversial roles in the formula- tion of major policy by the federal government. In late November of last year Fortune published a significant article, promoted by the cover blurb — "Economic Modelers at War in Washington" — about the impact of econometricians in general and Mike Evans in particular upon Washington lawmaking. 34 "Computers helped kill a budget-busting farm bOl and prepared the way for a cut in capi- tal-gains taxes. What is a legislator going to do when the models disagree?" So read the sub- headline referring to two pieces of major legisla- tion on which Mike and the persuasion of his models had great impact. As the article reported: "In an episode that had reverberations all over Capitol Hill last spring. Senator Robert Dole of Kansas, author of a budget-busting farm bill, got a stinging lesson from the new techniques (econo- metrics) when his senatorial adversaries Henry Bellmon and Edmund Muskie ordered up a spe- cial, apparently irrefutable printout from Chase. It was rushed to the Senate floor in mid-debate and eventually helped defeat the bill in conference." The capital gains tax victory last October, re- sulting in the reduction of a maximum rate of 49.1 percent to 28 percent, gained its impetus from a study undertaken by Chase Econometrics after the late Wisconsin GOP Congressman William Steiger had introduced a capital gains tax cut bill as a trial balloon. In what Fortune described as "Washing- ton's first war between computers," Mike battled Administration opposition in testimony before the Senate Finance Committee, the Senate Budget Committee, and the Joint Economic Committee. His message: chopping capital gains taxation to 1969 levels of 25 percent would result in stock price jumps of 40 percent in two years, massive in- creases in plant and equipment expenditures, 440,000 new jobs by 1985, and reduction of the federal deficit by $16 billion in 1985. President Carter characterized the proposal as a rich man's windfall. And Daniel Brill, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Economic Policy — armed with his own econometric model — accused Mike of "glib and superficial" analysis. But the issue became a cause celebre, gained surprising support, and won the day only slightly amended. "Models will play a big part in the major tax policy battles that lie ahead," Mike commented re- cently. And it's likely that his presence will be- come increasingly visible in legislative hearing rooms in the days ahead. Chase was recently awarded a hefty contract by the Senate Finance Committee to model the effects of tax cuts in en- couraging the production of more goods and serv- ices. Now that Mike Evans has become a house- ht)ld name to the readers of the business and financial press, and his counsel is sought in the highest echelons of business and government, he occasionally muses on how it all came about. When he arrived at Brown from Cleveland Heights High School in his native Cleveland, it was to pursue an applied math major. Mike thought the focus was to be on statistics and com- puters, but he discovered it was physics and en- gineering. He grew disillusioned with the major and began his senior year by doing a very unusual thing. He switched from applied math to a com- bined major in economics and math. It was so un- usual that in the spring of his senior year, when names were posted for comprehensive exams, his wasn't included. The department had assumed he was still a junior since he had just started the major. Mike had also applied for Ph.D. programs in math at MIT and Harvard but didn't get in, and the apparent problem with his comps didn't make him any happier. The day the comps were posted was April 15, a significant date for Mike, although he didn't know it at the time he hustled in to see Merton Stoltz, then chairman of the economics depart- ment. "Are you a good student?" he recalls Pro- fessor Stoltz asking. Stoltz then told Mike that he had to award a National Defense Education Act fellowship by 5 p.m. for the economics Ph.D. program at Brown or lose the grant. Mike accepted with pleasure and continued at Brown for three more years, completing a Ph.D. in economics and teaching a number of courses including "EC-Dl" — that scourge of the freshman class. "The fellow- ship also paid better than the 85 cents an hour I had been getting from Mrs. [Grace] Feeney to clear tables in the Ivy Room," he recalled. It was during his senior year, however, that Mike was introduced to the subject that was to fire his imagination and energies in graduate school and in all of the years ahead. "Professor Mar- tin Beckmann brought in a book one day on the Klein-Goldberger Model of the U.S. economy. It was the most fascinating thing I had ever read. The concept of describing and forecasting the economy in quantitative terms was like unlocking the secrets of the universe." Mike was referring to the model built by Professor Lawrence R. Klein, then at the University of Michigan, and destined to become his mentor and later a fierce competitor. Arthur S. Goldberger was a graduate student as- sisHng Klein on the 1953 project. Excited, Mike immersed himself in the fledg- ling discipline of econometric modeling and com- pleted his doctoral dissertation on "A Postwar Quarterly Model of the United States Economy, 1947-1960." The model he constructed in conjunc- tion with the dissertation was the first quarterly model actually to generate forecasts as compared to its more theoretical predecessors. He accepted a position as assistant professor in the economics department of the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, where Klein had also moved from Michigan. Before leav- ing Brown, Mike received a phone call from Klein. "What numbers are you getting?" Klein asked. When Mike told him what his model was forecast- ing, Klein suggested that they work together to de- velop a forecasting service. That's where he re- mained for the next six years, gaining tenure as an associate professor and working closely with Klein in the formation of Wharton Econometric Forecast- ing Associates, the world's first econometric fore- casting service for corporate clients. continued 'Are you a good student?' Mert Stoltz asked 35 'Quoting Evans to Administration economists is usually a good way to get a sharp reaction' In 1969 Mike decided to go on his own and resigned from Wharton to start MKE Associates, Inc., econometric forecasting. The only trouble was that he did it without financing. "But I was determined," he says, recalling those days of try- ing to raise capital, consult, and attract clients to his new venture. A year later another momentous event oc- curred. After "pitching" the Chase Manhattan Bank as a prospective client, Mike not only re- ceived a contract but an offer to acquire his com- pany. He sold 80 percent, changed the name to Chase Econometric Associates, Inc., and took ad- vantage of his newly found financial support to help build today's $10 million operation. Over the succeeding years, as the company grew dramati- cally, Mike maintained a high profile, not only through the monthly publications of his macro- economic forecast, but through a heavy schedule of additional consulting, speaking engagements, and writing assignments. "I guess I'm like the fire horse when the bell rings," he said. "When the numbers come up I really get geared up to do the macro." He referred to monthly figures released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis and other agencies on gross national product, income, government expendi- tures, and corporate profits, which provide a start- ing point to undertake the forecast. In addition to forecasts of some 550 variables, the service includes extensive written analysis on the implications of economic, financial, and politi- cal developments. For Mike, writing is a labor of love and he is a producHve craftsman, often com- pleting twenty typewritten pages a day. He does his own typing on an IBM Selectric, pausing sometimes to chuckle over his own turn of phrase. Mike also prepares special interim reports and forecasts to analyze the impact of sudden unex- pected events of significant consequence, such as last winter's coal strike and recent OPEC oil price increases. He's a regular columnist for several newspapers and magazines, including the Los Angeles Tiwcs, the Chiaigo Tribune, and ludustn/ Week, and is a frequent speaker before economic and business groups. In the parlance of the press, he can always be counted on for "good copy." "Govern- ment regulation costs the American pub- lic about thirty-five billion dollars a year," he told NBC's Tom Brokaw on "The Today Show," referring to various environmental and protection regulations. "This is all passed on to the con- sumer. What I object to is that the consumer was not told what this would cost. Let's tell the people that, and if they would like to vote thirty-five bil- lion dollars a year for these very worthy social goals, that's fine." From The Detroit Press: "In one of his more cheerful forecasts, economist Michael Evans pre- dicted that 1979 will be 'lousy' with continued high inflation, rising unemployment, and sluggish growth." And from Business Week: "Michael K. Evans has come roaring out of his bear's den to proclaim that 'the personal income number for October is a phony.' Quoting Evans to Administration econ- omists is usually a good way to get a sharp reac- tion, but not this Hme. 'Mike is right,' says one White House advisor." Mike isn't always right, however, and as he once quipped while addressing the Economic Club of Detroit: "You know my company motto, 'often wrong but never in doubt!' " Many hope he's wrong in his outlook for 1979. He sees a gloomy second half marked by a declin- ing GNP, interest rates climbing until June to a prime rate peak of 13 percent, housing starts and capital spending down, and unemployment rising to 7.3 percent in the fourth quarter. But take heart. The rate of inflation will then diminish significant- ly and the economy will be poised for a substanhal recovery in the early 1980s. Since completion of the sale to the Chase Manhattan Bank in early January, Mike has relin- quished many of his corporate administrative re- sponsibilities. He has assumed the new title of chief economist and focuses more exclusively on the macroeconomic forecast and business and legislative consulting projects. Mike Evans has prepared more than 100 suc- cessive monthly forecasts, however, and there is speculation that he may be looking at new chal- lenges. This was heightened by the recent news of his purchase of a home in the Washington suburb of Potomac Falls, Maryland, where he and his wife, Susan, and their three children will be mov- ing in June. For those who know Mike it goes without say- ing that the new house includes a music room, and his grand piano will receive priority moving treat- ment. Mike, who played the violin in the Brown University Orchestra for several years, is a tal- ented musician. At a recent fund-raising mini-con- cert at his home for the Philadelphia Orchestra, he surprised two orchestra violinists by joining them in a Bach concerto for double violin and piano. "It really jelled," says Mike, who played the piano on that occasion. Pressed on the subject of his endeavors in Washington, Mike may allude to mini-computers, money management, an investor newsletter, or specialized consulting. "Just say that I'm looking forward to my retirement," he said. "But you know my definition. Retirement for me is only working five days a week from 9 to 5." Robert S. Ingersoll, a classmate of Mike Evans at Brown, is manager of marketing information at Chase Econometrics. Photographs by Joan Ruggles 36 Brown University Class Rings * ICQ to ■*.' ',*ocoi>:. Brown Bookstore 244 Thayer Street Providence Rl 02912 Open Mon-Sat9-6 401 863-2336 1001 Men's Collegiate iriK $125 1» $185 1002 Men's Signet lOK $95 14K $125 1003 Men's University lOK $195 MK $295 2001 Ladies' Signet lOK $65 MK $85 2002 Ladies' Long Oval lOK $75 14K $95 2003 Ladies' "Pembroke" lOK $45 «* 14K $55 2004 Ladies' Antique Filigree 10K $75 MK $95 Made to your measurement and specifications, available directly from the manufacturer through the Brown Bookstore. Traditional high quality, and a lifetime guarantee. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks for custom preparation and delivery. Please make check payable to: Brown Bookstore Brown University Providence Rl 02912 Or charge to: Visa No Mastercharge No. Signature Name _Exp. Date. -Exp. Date . Address. City, State, Zip_ Telephone Due to fluctuating gold costs, your ring is subject to a changing gold surcharge. We will ship anywhere, upon request. Ring Size Stone Selection r January-Garnet tUFebruary-Ullralite □ March-Aquamarine n April-White Sapphire n May-Emerald DJune-Alexandrite njuly-Ruby Ring Number Engraving DM DSmooth DF D Faceted [ August-Peridot r September-Blue Spinel October-Pink Sapphire i November-Golden Sapphire December-Blue Zircon I ; Black Onyx [ Traditional Brown moK ni4K -Graduation Year- Options Available: Replica Birthstone-No Charge Smooth or Faceted Stone-No Charge Engraving (Up to Four Letters)-No Charge Full Name Engraved-$5.00 White Gold-$10. 00 extra Price $. 6% Tax (Rl only) $. Total $. Deposit ($20 minimum) $. Balance due $. 37 Tk writtm by lay Barry C\Ck Margaret Stillwell, one of twenty \J J honorary fellows of the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York City, is also listed in Wio's W/io in the World. She reports that Frederick Goff (see '37), her former assistant at the Annmary Brown Memorial, is also an honorary fellow of the Pierpont Morgan Li- brary. Margaret lives in Greenville, R.l. '1 Q In addition to the regular festiv- A ^ ities of Commencement Weekend, the women of '19 have plans for a class luncheon on Saturday, June 2, and a Sunday luncheon at the home ot Florence Tfwmae Colmetz in Norton, Mass. In addition to Flor- ence, the reunion committee includes Esther Brintzenhoff, Edna Macdonald, and Ruth Peter- son Watjen. ^ "1 Margaret C. Packer reports her move ^m JL to a retirement home, Thomas House, in Washington, D.C. "Keep busy with baby sitting, working as a ballot clerk in elections, and taking a trip a year to Italy to visit my only brother," she writes. ^/t Just a brief note to remind class- ^bM mates that the men of '24 will be subjected to some high-powered oratory dur- ing our reunion weekend. On Saturday noon we will have a luncheon at the Faculty Club, where we will hear from Bob Reichlev, vice president for University relations. That eve- ning after dinner at the Hope Club, President Swearer will address the group. There will be many other golden moments to share with classmates and friends. So, sign up now for the 55th reunion! Elizabeth T. Casey, curator of the Museum of Art of the Rhode Island School of Design prior to her retirement in Julv, has been elected by the board of trustees to be curator emerita. In commenting on the honor, class secretary /rf HP D. CarUn points out that this is the first time the college has bestowed such an honor. "Back in 1966," Miss Carlin writes, "Miss Casey published, after four years of research and through the generosity' of David Rockefeller, a catalogue entitled Lucy Truman Aldrich Collection of European Figurines of the 18th Century, a catalogue used here and all over Europe." Lee Hall, president of Rhode Island School of Design, termed Miss Casey's service "outstanding" and added; "All of us who have had the benefits of work- ing with you are delighted by this action. You have contributed significantly to the ex- cellence which characterizes our museum. You have been — and are being — a fine steward of our collection, an inspiring example to colleagues and students, and a friend to the community." Rear Adm. Robert "Dick" Mazet, USN (Ret.), has moved to 10602 Emerald Point, Sun Citv, Ariz. 85351. "Have it made with a summer home on a big lake (Flathead) in Montana and a winter home on a small (ar- tificial) lake in Arizona." Capt. Franas L. Nichols. USN (Ret.), re- ports that the newest aspirant to a Brown degree in his family is a grandson, Matthew Owen Nichols, born April 12, 1978. Francis is living in Brattleboro, Vt. Graff Wamsley Van Note reports from Brentwood, N.H., that she is teaching kin- dergarten. Of her nineteen grandchildren, one is a Colby graduate doing postgraduate study in France, another is an exchange stu- dent in Spain, and a third is a second-year student at West Point. ^ C Parkman Sayzcard writes from Ever- ^\J green, Colo., that he and his wife celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary "up here in the Rockies at 8,200 feet eleva- tion." ^ /2 William A. Knipe, Montgomery, ^\J Ala., writes of a recent fishing trip to Indian Rocks Beach, Fla., where he "caught lots of good-sized speckled trout and silver trout. My wife and I also enjoyed the fine weather," he adds. O ^7 Allan Johnston and his wife are ^ / both retired teachers. Allan left the classroom after forty-three years of teaching in Connecticut, Massachusetts, Illinois, and Arizona. He and his wife live in Goodyear, Ariz. Lois Patten Palmer will be moving this month to her new home on Old Wharf Rd., Wellfleet, Mass., on Cape Cod. "My daugh- ter, Alison ('53), will be building near me in 1981," she writes. Owen Reid, our new treasurer, had a cataract operation last fall but is back in full swing now. Owen lives in Providence. John A. Taylor. Whiting, N.J., writes to say that he was a member of the first lacrosse team at Brown. "Just remembered," he says. ^Q Frank j. Jones, Flagstaff, Ariz., i"" w provided newspaper coverage for the 1979 United Way campaign of Flagstaff and Northern Arizona in Coconino County, "the nation's second largest county and by far the emptiest." He's now resumed his year-round task of national and regional promotion for the July 4 All-Indian Pow Wow, which annually attracts Hopi and Navajo tribesmen "to marvel at the odd ways of tourists enroute to Grand Canyon just up the road." Pfli(/ f . Tliomas returned recently from a fourteen-day visit to five South American countries. "Flew about 40,000 miles," he writes. "Talk about inflation there: a good hotel room costs $120 a day and a bottle of whiskey goes for $60. Also found that driv- ing in Rio is very dangerous. In Argentina one buys leather goods, in Peru gold articles, and in Colombia sapphires, which are now more expensive than diamonds." While in South America, Paul investigated importing Granny Smith apples from Argentina and Chile. ^Q Kaymoiid B. Weatherby has been in ^mZf Largo, Fla., most of the time since February 1976. "Keeping very busy raising roses, azaleas, and trying to play golf," he writes. ^/| William B. Sullii'an writes from Del- \J\J ray Beach, Fla., that his grand- daughter, Victoria Oliver, the daughter of his stepson, lohn L. Oliver '59, is a member of the class of '82. Karl E. Stein and his wife, residents of Chicago, produced five travelogue films and recently showed them on a tour of the West Coast. They plan to be in the East this spring. "Never a dull moment," says Karl. 'j ^t Mane Calalozzi Cimorelli, Cranston, W^^ R.L, has retired as guidance direc- tor at Hugh Bain Junior High in Cranston. Her husband, Nicholas (see '38), is also retired. Betty Noble Davis has a six-year-old granddaughter, Erin, the child of Betty's daughter, Pam. Belt)' lives at 4034 Russell Ave., Abilene, Texas 79605. The class extends its sympathy to Lillian Kclman Goldstein on the death of her daugh- ter, Debra Potter Brener, on Nov. 17. Lillian lives at 1 Harian Rd., Providence 02906. Grflcf Verdich Kenney is confined to her home at 400 Narragansett Pkwy., Warwick, R.L, and would enjoy hearing from class- mates. She reports that she has two grand- children. Louis /. Keefer sends word that he is re- hred at 6449 Second Palm Pt. St., St. Peters- burg Beach, Fla. 33706. Frances Brown Light's son. Bill, has re- ceived his Ph.D. in environmental health sci- ence from the University' of California at Berkeley, and her son, John, is a student at the University of Verfnont. Frances lives at 10 Wilton Rd., Port Chester, N.Y. Barbara Anthony Memmott has retired as technical librarian at United Technologies Corp., East Hartford, Conn. She lives in Glastonbury. Dorothy Gray O'Reilly has retired as executive director of the Navy Relief Society in Newport, R.l. Her address: 6 Miles Ave., Tiverton, R.L 02878. 38 O ^^ Plans for the men's 45th reunion J^t are well in hand. The first highlight of the weekend will be a class clambake about 5 p.m. on Saturday at Haffenreffer Es- tate in Bristol. Also on tap is a class cocktail party Friday, followed by the Campus Dance. There will be a brunch at the Wan- namoisett Country Club on Saturday fore- noon and the Pops Concert that evening. The 45th promises to be a time to remember, so please set aside June 1-4 and get a classmate or two to come with you, plus wives and guests, of course. Detailed information will be coming shortly. Freeman G. Packard, a semi-retired con- sulting chemical engineer in West Covina, Calif., reports that he has been self-em- ployed since 1962, when he obtained his professional chemical engineer's license from the state of California. Rulh Hobby Young writes from Beaver- ton, Oreg., that she is planning on attending the 45th reunion in June and is bringing her oldest granddaughter, Elizabeth Louise De- tering, who hopes someday to represent the fourth generation of her family at Brown. The first was Mabel Louise Potter 1897, fol- lowed by Rutli, and then Deborah Louise Young Detering '62. Ruth spent her first year of retirement traveling with the Brown tour of Egypt in March, and then going to Europe and spending some time in Spain. '5 C Edward Halle, a patentattorney, has J^ an office in Fort Lauderdale, Fla. EdnaColdstein Salant, Washington, D.C., is a child art and play therapist. She has been asked by UNICEF to contribute a paper for the International Year of the Child to be sent to ninety-two commissions around the world — especially Third World countries. This month marks the retirement otjohn A. Steen, who has moved from Cincinnati to 57 Fairwood Rd., South Yarmouth, Mass. 02644. '2 /L Wendell B. Lund writes from his \J\J home in Saco, Maine, that he re- grets the passing of Bo!' Shillings '11, who was one of the driving forces behind the old Brown Club of Western Maine. Bob writes, "It was always a pleasure to meet with him and especially to do business with him. Bob had a useful and rewarding life. Maine and Brown have lost a good man." ]ohn E. Piggolt writes that he is "shll en- joying my own work — office interior fur- nishings — and am living at 119 Thayer Rd., Manhasset, N.Y. 11030." '5 ^ Frederick R. Cofj is one of twenty \J i honorary fellows of the Pierpont Morgan Library, New York City. He was an assistant at the Annmarv Brown Memorial before moving to the Rare Book Division of the Library of Congress. Harlan L. Paine retired in 1976 after thirty years as a hospital administrator, his last po- sition being director of Quincy City Hospital, Quincy, Mass. Clunles j. White, an "active" investment counselor, has been elected vice president- investments of Drexel, Burnham & Lambert, Hartford, Conn., a leading investment, bank- ing, and brokerage company. ^Q Nicholas Cinwrelli, Cranston, R.I., J KJ retired from the teaching profes- sion this year, as did his wife, Marie Catalozzi Cunorelli (see '33). Nick has been elected pres- ident of the Greater Providence Chapter of Retired Teachers. Dr. Chauncey Stone, ]r., attended the International Society of Internal Medicine meetings in Rome in October and was there when John Paul II was selected as Pope. Chauncey is the husband ol Muriel E. Baker Stone '37. ^Q Plan now for the 40th reunion this J Zf June! Details will be mailed later this spring. If you have either ideas or ques- tions, please write toS^K Sheiman, reunion chairman, at Box A, Brown University, Prov- idence, R.I. 02912. Capt. William H. Hogan, ]r., USN (Ret.), is general counsel for the House Armed Serv- ices Committee in the 96th Congress. He graduated from Boston College Law School following Navy service during World War II. Robert C. Kra;)/ (A.M.) retired in De- cember 1976 as assistant chief, employee re- lations branch, Tennessee Valley Authority, and moved to the resort retirement commu- nity of Fairfield Glade, Tenn. He had been with the TVA for thirty-five years. Tina Sammartmo Penza, Providence, writes that she became a grandmother again last fall. She is the widow oi Raymond S. Penza. /tf\ Brooke Hindle has been named ^V/ senior historian in the National Museum of History and Technology, Wash- ington, D.C. He had served as director of the National Museum of History and Technology of the Smithsonian Institution from 1974 to 1978. Brooke is completing a book on antebel- lum American technology. ^"I lulian R. Panek, an architectural ^t ^. representative with the Industrial Division of Tremco in Cleveland, Ohio, has received the Award of Merit from the Ameri- can Society for Testing Materials. The cita- tion read: "For distinguished service in ad- vancing the voluntary standardization of test methods and specifications for chemically cured joint sealants through his long and productive service to Committee C-24 and the sealant industry in the United States and abroad." Julian is a member of the ASTM Sealant Hall of Fame and is editor oi Building Seals and Sealants. Edna Wilbur Richmond, Bakersfield, Calif., reports that her son, Robert Richmond, jr., is a senior at Brown. /t^ /fla* O. Kamin (A.M.) is a member TZ^ of the Brown University Corpora- tion Committee on Graduate Education and Research. He lives in Amherst, Ohio. William E. O'Connor is a professor in the aviation management division at Embry- Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, Fla. Earlier in his career. Bill had been in Washington, D.C, with the Department of State and the Civil Aeronauhcs Board. His book. An Introduction to Airline Economics, has been published by Praeger Publishers, a di- vision of Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Willard "Ace" Parker continues with the Great American Insurance Company and the Agricultural Insurance Co., Watertown, N.Y. Still involved with harness racing. Ace re- ports with some chagrin that 1978 "wasn't our best year. We do, however, have a 3-year-oId filly pacer, Ms. Virginia Ace, who is beginning to find herself. She won the last of her Ohio Colt Stakes engagements in Oc- tober and followed up with a win in an event at Lebanon (Ohio) Raceway in November. Mv driver-trainer is high on a yearling pacer. dEcor iniernaTional 171 nEUJBury St Bosron 262-1529 Handvjuouen ru^s orienTAls t reL'^TED fouc art REAL ESTATE Greenwich, Conn.: If you are interested in buying or selling residenhal property in Greenwich or lower Fairfield County contact James Foote '62 at Raynor Real Estate, Inc., 15 West Putnam Avenue, Greenwich, Conn. 06870. (203) 637-3228. Free homes brochure on request. 39 Money Making Ace, and we had a very handsome filly foal, Suzy May Ace, out of our broodmare last spring. Optimism can change very fast in this game." Howard H. Williams is a management consultant to Sunsav, Inc., a new solar energy company in Lawrence, Mass. How- ard lives in Falmouth, Mass. ^^ Kflr/em Riess (Ph.D.), a professor MvJ emeritus of physics at Tulane Uni- versity, is acting associate dean of its College of Arts and Sciences. /I C Arnold Zais reports that his son, ^t\J Gregory, entered Brown as a junior in January, transferring from Union College. /\£L Capt. William F. Ciocys is a pilot Tlvf with American Airlines and lives in San Diego. loe Vasta is with Earle Gear and Machine Co., Philadelphia, as a project engineer, de- signing and inspecting movable bridges. /\^y Dr. ]ohn H. Dmoson is president- ^ / elect of the King County Medical Society (Seattle) and is also chairman of the Washington State Medical Society's AMA delegation. He lives on Mercer Island, Wash. Donald J. Krokus is vice president- commercial sales for Douglas Aircraft Co. He lives in Signal Hill, Calif. Richard W. Phifer is a research specialist at Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., Sun- nyvale, Calif. "Met my old roomie, Barry Broum, for lunch recently. He's chief engi- neer for Christie Machine Works in San Francisco." Roger D. Williams is president of Coca- Cola Beverage Corp. of Manchester, N.H. ^O Howell K. Cargile is Eastern regional JcO manager of Alco Power, Inc., North Bergen, N.J. lohn E. Smith is a district sales manager with Ray-O-Vac, Pinebrook, N.J. Frank O. White, Hamilton, N.Y., is presi- dent and chief executive officer of Mid-State Raceway, which operates Vernon Downs in Vernon, N.Y. Frank is also a director of the United States Trotting Assn. ^^Q Shelby Johnson Baker and her hus- Jt^ band, /limes (see '50), have moved to Taos, N.M. Sybil Finch Gilbert writes that she is vice chairwoman of the executive council of the United Church of Christ in t!»? United States, Western Springs, 111. John F. McCreery is assistant superin- tendent of construction for Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. in Valmy, N.Y. Dominick R. Sperdiiti rehred in December as head of the modern language department of Durfee High School in Fall River, Mass., where he had taught since 195L His hobby is writing detective stories. C f\ Fd Kiely and Phyl Toume Cook have v-'x/ been appointed co-chairmen for the 30th reunion. "It's never too soon to start planning," Ed says. "Never." James Hand Baker has retired after thirty years as an elementary art teacher in the Greenwich (Conn.) school system. "Now employed as editorial cartoonist for The Taos Neii'S in Taos, N.M.," he writes. "Also have established with my younger son, Chris, the Bakers' Dozen Pottery in the foothills of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Taos." Jim adds that his wife, Shelby Johnson Baker '49, is a "hill climber-trailblazer" in the Carson Na- tional Forest. William H. McCraiv is a vice president, loan officer, and business development officer for the West Bay region of Rhode Is- land Hospital Trust NaHonal Bank, working with the regional manager who is responsi- ble for the bank's nine offices from the Edgewood area down the west side of Nar- ragansett Bay and to the Connechcut border. Rita Caslowitz Michaclson has been ap- pointed to a two-year term on the Boston Advisory Council of the American Arbitra- tion Assn. A member of the panel of arbi- trators of the Association since 1975, she was named by the Rhode Island Supreme Court in September to chair a panel of arbitrators in matters concerning contract disputes be- tween the police and the town of Middle- town, R.I. Her son, Jeff, is a junior at Brown. Donald M. O'Brien is senior vice presi- dent and director of markehng of Jordan Marsh Co., Boston. R. Anthony Pearson is vice president of personnel and manufacturing at M. Lowen- stein & Sons, Lyman, S.C. Robert T. Perdue, a vice president of South Carolina National Bank, Columbia, S.C, has taken on additional duties as ad- ministrator of the banking division's new Electronic Funds Transfer Development Dept. Active in the Bank Marketing Assn., Bob is ser\'ing on its board of directors and had recently been chairman of its national conference. Richard £. Rodman is president of Rod- man Associates, Washington, DC, special- izing in Capitol Hill sales and restoration of town houses. He and his three children have been living in Washington since 1965. Rexford Stead writes that he has left a long career in museum work to collaborate with author Robert Pavne on an authorized biography of the late Persian art historian and Brown graduate Arthur Upham Pope '04. Pope, a much-published authority on Per- sian art and archaeology, was a friend of Stead's for three decades. Stead is the found- ing director of the Museum of Fine Arts, St. Petersburg, Fla., and he recently rehred from work at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. He would particularly welcome letters from Brown faculty members or alumni who recall Pope or who had correspondence with him. Stead's home address is 1688 Marmont Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. 90069. C'l Charles J. "jack" Coop'er has been \J JL named a trustee of Bryn Ma wr Col- lege, Bryn Mawr, Pa., where he lives with his wife, Sally Hill Cooper (see '52). Jack, an attor- ney, received his Ph.D. in polihcal science from Bryn Mawr. Arthur C. Gentile (Sc.M.) has resigned as vice president for academic affairs at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, to become execuHve director of the American Inshtute of Biological Sciences in Arlington, Va. David L. Holmgren, Tenafly, N.J., is cur- rently serving as president of the Bergen County Association of Independent Insur- ance Agents. "Recently joined the University Glee Club of New York," he writes, "and enjoy the harmony, from barbershop to Beethoven. Athletic endeavors now consist of golf, platform tennis in the New Jersey League, and surf fishing. This, plus having two kids in college, has caused severe dam- age to my hair line." George Norton has been elected president of the northern California chapter of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers. He is a member of the executive committee of the Family Law Sechon of the California State Bar. George is a partner in the law firm of Larkin Spears in Palo Alto. Joseph W. Pine has been named execuhve vice president of the First National Bank of Auburn, NY. He and his wife have two sons, both married. Suzanne Osborne Shea, a free-lance video producer in New York City, recently moderated a panel of audio-visual experts speaking on "Video in Medicine" for Video Expo '78. She is also a consultant to Smith Mathngly Productions, Ltd., in Arlington, Va., developing workshops and videotapes for continuing legal education. John W. Swan, Lincoln, R.I., is marketing manager for the pulp and paper industry with Charles T. Main Co. He comes to this job after twenty-eight years with Babcock & Wilcox Co., which he joined on graduation from Brown. Gerry Zeoli is football coach and athletic director at Moses Brown School, Providence, where at various times he has also coached baseball and track. When he came close to experiencing his first losing season in thir- teen years at Moses Brown last fall, Jerry had a ready-made excuse. "I just ran out of sons," he said. For the previous seven years, one of his two sons, Joe or Gerald, was lead- ing the Quaker offense, and in five of those seven years Moses Brown captured the state prep school htle. "Gerald had an outstand- ing season as a running back at Kent School last fall," Jerry says. C O Sally Hill Cooper, who lives in Bryn \J ^m Mawr, Pa., with her husband, Charles Cooper (see '51), has left transporta- tion consulting to become mid-Atlantic re- gional representative for the Secretary, U.S. Department of Transportahon. Mark J. John, a sales executive, is Wash- ington (D.C.) representative for Boeing Ver- tol Co. Mary Lindsay Welch reports that her sons are all in school. Scott is in the class of '81 at Lehigh University, Graham is class of '79 at The Hill School, and the youngest, Marshall III, is a ninth grader. C '5 George H. Pollard is a manufac- ^\J turer's representative with H. E. Ingalls Associates, Canaan, Conn. David Kramer is a partner In the New York City law firm of Kurzman, DeuU & Drogin, where he specializes in labor law and equal employment law. Frederick L. Reynolds, Groton, Mass., re- ports that his son, Matthew, is a freshman at Brown. Gregory L. Sutliff is director for the Dis- trict of Eastern Pennsylvania for the National Automotive Dealers Assn. Greg, the 1977 chairman of the National Dealer Council, is 40 president of Sutliff Chevrolet Co. and Pennsylvania Leasing Corp. in Harrisburg. Yvonne Davies Tropp is an investment counselor for the Bank of New York in Man- hattan. She recently made a presentation en- titled "No Pain, No Gain" on the subject of risk, as part of a New School for Social Re- search course called "You & Your Money." Steven van Westendorp is a real estate broker for Stokes-Wright Realtors, Raleigh, N.C. Marcia Wallace and William E. Kurtzhalz were married Sept. 4 in Swarthmore, Pa., and are living in Morton, Pa. Marcia is a caseworker for the Philadelphia County Board of Assistance. C^ Pij(// A. Fnvitiero is involved in J jt computer product development as program manager of IBM in Research Tri- angle Park, N.C. Barbara Hobart Mitten, Paradise Valley, Ariz., recently returned from Europe on a State Department-sponsored tennis tour. Gregory /. Sullivan is the executive vice president of Republic National Bank of New York in New York City. William ]. Veitch is a sales manager of Federal Products Corp., Providence. lohn A. Wallace, the class's 25th reunion chairman, urges everyone to plan on return- ing for the Commencement weekend, June 1-4. E% C Harris ]. Amhowitz is general coun- C?J sel of Coopers cSi Lybrand, New York City, the world's largest international accounting firm, and is also adjunct profes- sor of law at New York University. Harry L. Anderson is chairman of the English department at Mansfield High School in Massachusetts and a lecturer at Northeastern University. "My eldest daugh- ter is a sophomore at Smith College," he writes. Sylvia Rosen Baumgarten writes that she is busy with her decorating job, which she terms "maddening, frustrating, and exhil- arating work!" She is working for Brown's National Alumni Schools Program in her spare time and is "enjoying an almost empty home, with Doug (Harvard '77), Fred (Brown '79), and Roger (Brown '82) all away." Her husband is Sid Baumgarten '54. Robert Bernhcim, professor of chemistry at Penn State, is the recipient of a John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship. Sylvia S, Blackledge reports that she was remarried July 6 to Roland T. Legault and that they are living in Somerset, Mass. She is a fifth-grade teacher in Fall River, Mass. ]oseph R. Blumberg, Woodbridge, Conn., is president of Blumberg, Whitten & Sherry, an insurance agency. He's a trustee of St. Raphael Hospital and a past president of the local synagogue. Robert E. Borah is Rhode Island general agent for New England Mutual Life Insur- ance Co. and president of R. E. Borah & As- sociates, an actuarial consulting firm. Eleanor Brown, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., has received her New Jersey real estate license. Thomas N. Casselman is a senior principal research scientist at Honeywell in Minne- apolis, "Tobi, my daughter, is a junior at contmued on page 43 For Bill Sullivan, the 'good guys' arrived just in time As Brown Commencement speaker in February 1943, William H. Sullivan '43 called upon Americans "to work and sacrifice in the face of international dangers." Bill Sullivan has followed his own advice for the greater part of his life (BAM, February 1975). The latest chapter in the Sullivan story was acted out February 14 when armed urban guerrillas attacked the American Em- bassy in Teheran, Iran, and trapped U.S. Ambassador to Iran William H. Sullivan and about 100 members of his staff inside for more than two hours. In the attack, two Iranians were killed and two U.S. Marines were wounded. Embassy officials later credited the cool leadership of Sullivan with having prevented heavy American casualHes despite the se- vere fire with which the guerrillas attacked. He ordered the nineteen Marine guards in the compound not to engage the guerrillas with firearms and then collected his staff in protected rooms of the chancellery. In an interview from Iran carried that evening on NBC-TV, Sullivan told how the leftists attacked the compound from three sides, shooting up his home, his office, and the chancellery while he was telephoning the Khomeini people for help. "The good guys arrived just in the nick of time," he said. "An interesting Valentine's Day." Through the NBC interview, Sullivan showed none of the strains of the day, remaining calm, com- posed, and very, very cool. For some time now, the fifty-sb(-year- old Sullivan has been regarded as a cool cus- tomer, whose infectious Irish sense of humor is a cover for a no-nonsense diplomat. Henry Kissinger once termed him "a hard-nosed professional in the field of statecraft," this after they had worked closely in Paris in 1974-75 to hammer out the peace settlement of the Vietnam War. The thirty-two-year State Department veteran has known controversy. While Am- bassador to Laos in the 1960s he became directly involved with the U.S.'s secret air attacks against the Ho Chi Minh trail, which was used to supply the North Vietnamese, and he personally gave the orders for many of the bombings. During hearings before Congress, Sullivan said "Yes" when asked whether the President had the inherent right — without the advice and consent of Con- gress — to order the bombing of a foreign country. Writing in the Neio York Times the day after the attack on the American Embassy in Teheran, Seymour H. Hersh (who broke the story of the My Lai massacre in Vietnam) said: "Because of his association with the Vietnam War and the secret bombings in Laos, Sullivan's appointment by President Carter as Ambassador to Iran in early 1977 was criticized by some as signaling to the Shah that the President did not intend to invoke his human rights policy there. "Over the next eighteen months, Mr. Sullivan's critics in the government con- tend, the Embassy consistently sought to minimize the unrest while emphasizing the favorable impact of the Shah's liberalization policy on human rights." Hersh wrote that Sullivan was "widely viewed" in Washington as one of the U.S.'s eminent ambassadors, who could negotiate firmly and rarely express self-doubt. He added: "Even his detractors in the State De- partment acknowledge that Mr. Sullivan is highly competent. His embassy reporting on military and economic issues is considered to be first-rate and his concerns are said to be far-reaching. For example, officials said, shortly after arriving in Teheran, Mr. Sulli- van asked the State Department Policy Planning Staff to prepare a major report on 'whither Iran in the year 2000,' as one charac- terized it." Sullivan, however, wasn't reading his press clippings. In the days immediately after the attack, he was preparing the evacu- ation of 7,000 Americans from Iran. ].B. Cardigan Mountain School Canaan, New Hampshire Bti.irding .ind da> suhooi lor boys, grades six through nine, prepjnng sludenls for senior prep schools in New England and elsewhere Superb lakeside location in the ski area near Darl- mouth Coed summer session from lale June to Mid-.Augusl Unie or phone Admission Office — (603) 5:3-4321. 41 When Ira ("Jack") Schreiber '50 decided, at the age of thirty-five, to go back to school and get a law degree, he told no one about his decision — not even his wife. "I was afraid 1 wasn't going to make if through," he says. At the time, Schreiber was owner and manager of three laundromats in Rhode Is- land. "I'd get up every morning at 4:30, eat a bowl of cereal, go check on the laundromats, and then take the train to Boston" — where he was enrolled in Boston University Law School. "Of course, everyone assumed 1 was at the laundromats all day." Only after leading this double life for a year did Schreiber announce to his family and friends that he was going to be a lawyer. But Jack Schreiber has always preferred to do things on his own. Upon finishing law school, he went to work for F. Lee Bailey in his Boston law firm for a couple of years, then set up his own practice in Providence and has been soloing ever since. Now he's embroiled in a controversy over an innova- tive legal idea he introduced to Rhode Island last year; "storefront" legal clinics with ad- vertised services and fees. The precedent for such clinics was set by the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in June 1977 allowing lawyers to advertise their serv- ices. "Legal clinics have existed for two dec- ades in this country," Schreiber says. "They were usually sponsored by bar associations, but they didn't succeed financially because they couldn't advertise." He pulls out a pile of recent newspaper clippings of ads for clin- ics and legal services, including one from the front page of the Neu< York Times for F. Lee Bailey and Aaron J. Broder: "Practicing in the representation of wrongful death and per- sonal injury cases arising out of aircraft disas- ters." Schreiber has opened three legal clinics — in Providence, East Greenwich, and North Providence — since January 1978. The con- troversy over their existence has placed him in an adversary relationship with the Rhode Island Bar Association and the Rhode Island Supreme Court, which have been 'making every effort to make my life miserable, " he says. The bar association has filed a com- plaint with the Supreme Court's disciplinary board, charging that clients receive imper- sonal services in exchange for lower fees at the clinics, and contending that the use of the name "Rhode Island Legal Clinic" is im- proper in its anonymity. Schreiber is still using that name while the Supreme Court's disciplinary hearings are being conducted, but he's been forced to tack on another name — "The Legal Clinic of Schreiber & Canham" — until the issue is re- solved. Since Schreiber maintains his own law practice downtown, and does no actual consulting work at the clinics, his objection to using his own name on the clinics is sim- ple: he doesn't want to compete with him- self. And "we'll fight it till the last breath," he says. Perhaps the bar association's main quar- Legal- clinic founder Jack Schreiber: 'The client must be served' ».* .•. ». 42 rel with the clinics is the threat it feels they pose to the legal profession's image. Schreiber has no patience with this view — with "the image of the lawyer as a supercili- ous orator from Mount Olympus," as he sar- castically puts it. "The public's image of a lawyer's prestige was already pretty low," he asserts. "What makes an attorney profes- sional is that he can sacrifice himself for others day in and day out and stUl maintain a dignity of understanding and methods and values. And the client must be served — I fervently believe that." He likes to quote F. Lee Bailey's pointed remark that "Justice is for the rich." Coincidentally or not, there is a small statue of blind Justice in Schreiber's office holding a set of scales, and one of the scales is broken. Schreiber concedes that a clinic provides less of a "personal touch" than a law prac- tice. But he points out that his clinics reach a unique stratum of the population — work- ing-class families with moderate incomes who "don't use attorneys and don't trust them." Most of their problems are domeshc; divorces comprise about half the caseload, along with wills, bankruptcies, and so forth. "We've never had a complaint from a client, and we've never had a bounced check," Schreiber says proudly. The clinics are not big money-makers, although he feels they're proving successful. "When the clinics were established, the costs and fees were carefully estimated to show a profit — not a large one, but they should be competiHve." Jack Schreiber comes from a long line of Rhode Islanders and Brown alumni. Twenty- three of his relatives attended Brown, includ- ing his mother (Ethel Lippman Schreiber '24, the first married woman to graduate from Pembroke), his wife (Joyce Cohen Schreiber '51), and his daughter Jill '17. (He has three other children — Bruce, 18, Kenneth, 17, and Judy, 11.) Schreiber was president of his class for five years, and is a former president of the Brown Club of Rhode Island and a passionate supporter of Brown football. "1 owe Brown a great deal," he says. "The guys who came out of World War II and went there were very lucky. A lot of them were worried that they wouldn't be able to get in step with college life, but Brown accepted them warmly. It restored confidence for a lot of guys, including myself." Jack Schreiber's confidence has carried him this far and shows no signs of waning. He's convinced he'll win his fight with the Rhode Island Bar Association and the Su- preme Court, and in the meantime he's look- ing at possible sites for clinics in Wakefield, Newport, and Warren. Eventually, he hopes to have one in every county in Rhode Island. ].P. THE CLASSES continued Brown, and Mark, who is an Eagle Scout, is a junior in high school," he writes. "I've been acHve in Brown's National Alumni Schools Program, remain close to Scouting, and have been doing some counseling with people who are terminally ill." ]udiih Thorsen Chusid writes that she and her husband, of Vancouver, B.C., are doing corporate counseling and career counseling for executives and professionals. "Am work- ing on my M.A. in counseling psychology at the University of British Columbia," she writes. "Became a grandmother last Octo- ber." Nancy Miller Coates sends along her ad- dress: 25 Harcourt Dr., Guelph, Ontario NIG 1J7, Canada. "Last year," she writes, "on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the accession of Her Majesty the Queen to the throne, I was awarded the Silver Jubilee Medal as 'an expression of worthy and de- voted service,' which 1 rendered to the arts." William P. Condaxis is senior vice presi- dent of Jordan Marsh department stores in Boston. Sterling Dimmitt, Torrington, Conn., writes that he was remarried in 1976 to Angela Kinnersly, formerly of Loi.don and now in marketing development with ABC Radio. "I'm enjoying work as vice president of Human Resource Services of New York City, primarily in executive search consult- ing." Mattis I. Fern, Roslyn, N.Y., is a director of the Associated Alumni. "Have been enjoy- ing a new vacation home in Pompano Beach, Fla.," he writes. Mary Laird Flanagan, Port Washington, N.Y., reports that her daughter, Kate, is a senior at Brown, where she is majoring in math and serving as chairman of the Concert Agency (rock). "Sarah is a freshman at Brown and Martha is a junior in high school," she writes. "I'm nearing the end of my training for the master of library science degree, and Bob is execuHve vice president of Western Union." Marcia Finbcrg Goldfarb and her husband, Walter, Portland, Maine, report that their son, Adam, is a freshman at Brown. Cordon E. C. Fuller, Brighton, N.Y., is vice president of the R. T. French Co. He and his wife, Susanne, report that their daughter, Wendy, is a freshman at Denison University and their son, Scott, is a sophomore at Brighton High School. Robert E. Kenny has been elected presi- dent of Hillman Barge and ConstrucHon Co., a subsidiary of Hillman Manufacturing Co., Pittsburgh. The Harvard Business School graduate joined Hillman in 1977 as president of Hillman Transportation Co. Tom S. Korman has been living in Los Angeles since 1970. He is head of Korman Artists Ltd., theatrical representatives for ac- tors, directors, and writers. Owen B. Landman is a partner in the Prov- idence law firm of Feiner, Winsten & Land- man. Margaret Syli'ander Lang writes that she "married an old friend, traveled around the world, and enjoyed a visit to the People's Republic of China." Leonard S. Lakin is a partner in the Boston law firm of Warner & Stackpole. Carolyn Sylvestre Martm is president of Ami Designing, supplying children's and in- fants' shirts for specialty stores. Carolyn lives in Coconut Grove, Fla. Roger C. Mitten, Paradise Valley, Ariz., is director and vice president of a law firm of fifty lawyers. "My son, Roger, is playing number four on the Northwestern University tennis team," he writes. Ann Stewart Orth is in her second year of teaching English at Montgomery Bell Academy, an independent school for boys in Nashville, Tenn. "When I come to the reun- ion, rU also be attending my son's gradua- tion from RISD," she writes. James F. Pendergast reports a new job at Wright-Patterson AFB, Dayton, Ohio, where he is director of automatic data processing resources. Headquarters Air Force Logistics Command. MikeReilly writes: "I would like to hear from my Brown football teammates. My ad- dress is: 8223 Riding Ridge PL, McLean, Va. 22102." He reports that he had a nice visit with Bill Klaess and his wife, Pat, at their home in Evergreen, Colo., in May. Mike works with IBM in Bethesda, Md. Andrezo K. Smith, Evergreen, Colo., has been elected chairman of the board of S-M Petroleum Properties, Inc., a Colorado cor- poration specializing in self-service gasoline marketing properties. Inoin L. Sydney began working last May for the Combined Jewish Philanthropies of Greater Boston, Inc., as a financial budget analyst. He is serving as brotherhood presi- dent of Temple Emanuel in Newton, Mass. Nancy Harrold Thomas is a tour guide for the Metropolitan Richmond (Va.) Chamber of Commerce. Wayland E. Vaughan spent the 1977-78 school year as a teaching fellow in the mar- keting department at Kent State University. "Am now an assistant professor in business administration at Westminster College, New Wilmington, Pa.," he writes. James G. Webster, an investment broker, is vice president of The First Boston Corp., Boston. Leonard Whistler is a programs officer for the State Department in Washington, D.C. Robert D. West is vice president of Suffolk Franklin Savings Bank, Boston. C/1 Margaret Dei'oe Cidley has been an ^O adjunct professor at Rhode Island College the past seven years, teaching piano to piano majors in the music education pro- gram. She also teaches privately and lives in Providence. James B. Lohr, Cincinnati, has a daugh- ter, Lece, who is a senior at Brown, where she is majoring in art history. Stanley R. Orczyk reports that his daugh- ter, Susan, began her freshman year at Brown last fall. lack D. Samuels has resigned as vice pres- ident, legal counsel, and secretary of Film- ways, Inc., to become a partner in the law firm of Youngman, Hungate and Leopold, 1801 Century Park East, Los Angeles 90067. Frederu'k F. Trost is a member of the Pres- ident's Club at Dorsey Laboratories, where he is the senior sales representative. While camping (a new Trost family hobby) on Long Island last year, jerry lerotne paid a visit. Fred and his family live in Victor, N.Y. 43 C^^ ^- Barry Merkin has been named >J I president of the Harvard Business School Club of Westchester and Fairfield Counties. At Brown, Barry is a director of the Associated Alumni and serves on the Uni- versity Library Committee and the Advisory Committee for Women's Athletics. He and his wife, Ruth Brenner Merkin, participate in NASP. Their daughter, Beth, is a sophomore at Brown. Barry is vice president and pub- lisher of R. R. Bowker, a division of Xerox in New York City. Roberta Walker McColl, Branford, Conn., writes that her husband is the owner of the New Haven Nighthawks of the American Hockey League, a New York Ranger farm dub. John B. Nielson (A.M.) is editorial direc- tor of the division of Christian life in the de- partment of adult ministries of the Church of the Nazarene, at its international headquar- ters in Kansas City, Mo. Richard H. Reis (Ph.D. '62) is professor of English at Southeastern Massachusetts Uni- versity, where he recently completed a half- year sabbatical devoted to writing his second book, this one on Rex Stout, creator of the Nero Wolfe detective stories. His wife, Kath- leen Patnaude Reis, has been named to the school committee in Marion, Mass., where they live. They were both invited to A. Bartlett Giamatti's inauguration as president of Yale. Richard writes, "We've both ad- mired the guy for something like twenty years." Harold ]. Sutphen has been promoted to captain, U.S. Navy, and assigned to the fac- ulty of the National War College at Fort McNair, Washington, D.C., where he teaches elective courses in maritime policy and international law. Harold was course di- rector for the fall term of the college's core curriculum — international politics and mili- tary strategy. CO William F. Carroll ('65 M.A.T.), long \J yJ achve on the government and polit- ical scene in Rhode Island, has been selected by Governor Garrahy to be his executive as- sistant for policy, one of the administration's top-ranking jobs. For the past five years. Bill had been executive director of the Rhode Is- land State Advisory Council on Vocational Education. A former end on the Brown foot- ball team and an Air Force veteran. Bill has a law degree from Suffolk University and has practiced law part-time. He lives in Bar- rington. Dr. Alan S. Rosenberg is practicing car- diology and internal medicine in Roslyn, N.Y. He is chief of cardiac clinics at North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, N.Y., and is associate clinical professor of medicine at Cornell University Medical School. Emil Soucar has recently written the "Glassboro Trainable Assessment Profile" (G-TAP), an instrument designed to assess vocationally related skills of persons classi- fied as trainable mentally retarded. The proj- ect was underwritten by ESEA Title IITIV/C through the New Jersey Department of Edu- cation and the Glassboro public schools. Dr. Soucar is a faculty member in the department of general educational psychology at Temple University. H. Meade Summers, Jr., has been elected a trustee of the Missouri Historical Society in St. Louis. "Among the collections at the museum," Meade writes, "are those of Lewis and Clark and Charles Lindbergh." Dai'id M. Taylor is a commercial fire manager with State Farm Insurance Co. in Jacksonville, Fla. C%CI The plans for the big 20th reunion \J Zf are well along, thanks largely to some hard work on the part of Diane Scola Doumes, Ann Mitchell Dunham, Caryl- Ann Miller Feldman, Barbara Crudeli Learned, Vicky Santopietro Lederberg, and Lorna Steingold Shiffman. Some events will be held jointly with the men, such as the Friday night Brown Bear Buffet and the Pops Concert on Saturday. Other events include our own Saturday luncheon with much time for sherry and warm nostalgia, and the Saturday Night Special at the new Biltmore. Sugges- tions for additional events are welcomed by Caryl-Ann Miller Feldman at 51 Hanson Rd., Newton Center, Mass. But save June 1-4 and tell your friends! Marilyn Claser Aran's son, Mark, is a freshman at Boston University's School of Management. Her younger son. Brad, is 15. The family lives in Cranston, R.I. R. W. Clark is staff manager-mechaniza- tion methods for Southern New England Telephone in New Haven. "Reside in Kill- ingworth with my wife, Jane, two sons, and a daughter," he writes. "Am serving my sec- ond term as chief of the Killingworth Volun- teer Fire Company here in one of Connect- icut's two fastest-growing towns." Philip S. Hollman is a partner in the law firm of Porter, Hollman & Muller, Manches- ter, N.H. He and his wife, Carolyn, who teaches English at New Hampshire College, have three children. James I- Holsing, Longmeadow, Mass., is a charter member of the Society of Wine Educators. "Still working as a wine and food consultant," he writes. Maraa J. Lawton has become a home owner in Richmond, Va., where she is direc- tor of the Alcohol Education Program in the Rehabilitation Counseling Department at Virginia Commonwealth University. Marcia serves on the National Commission of Alco- holism Counselor Certification. Victoria Santopietro Lederberg has been elected to a third term in the Rhode Island House of Representatives. Vicky is professor of psychology at Rhode Island College and is an attorney in Providence. Her husband, Seymour, is professor of biology at Brown. Tobias is 14 and Sarah is 12. Sally Sfiaugh Mahan is back home in Bloomington, Ind., after a sabbatical year in Goteborg, Sweden, where Jerry was a Nor- dita scholar and visihng professor of physics at Chalmers Institute of Technology. Robert Rogers, New York City, reports that last August he joined the orchestra oi A Cliorus Line, as pianist and conductor, at the Shubert Theater in New York City. Megs Gingras Shea is director of the In- formal Studies Program at the State Univer- sity of New York at Stony Brook. She and her husband, Dion (see '58), have two children, Dion, Jr., 13, and Nancy, 11. £Lf\ John U. Miller is executive direc- "\/ tor of The Lyceum, Greenwich, N.Y., where he serves as "counselor, teach- er, and clergyman." Blair J. Myers is vice president of Concept Systems, a data processing firm located in Philadelphia. Dr. Jay J. Protass is a radiologist in Pied- mont, Calif., where he lives with his wife, Elayne, and their three children, Robert, 10, Jonathan, 9, and Laura, 4. Judith Ryan and Charles Reusch were married June 24. Judith, who received her Ph.D. in behavioral sciences from the Uni- versity of Michigan in 1975, is vice president of the University of Michigan Club of Wash- ington, DC. Her husband is an attorney at the Department of Energy. The couple lives in Washington. Cayton H. Basil Yancy is government marketing manager and fiber optics product line manager of Raytheon Data Systems Telecommunications Products Division, Norwood, Mass. He had been wideband data systems program manager for Ray- theon. Richard A. Young and his wife, Carol, are the parents of Alexander, who was born on Nov. 1. Dick works at Marrin, Clearwater & Bell, New York City. /I "I James D. Burke is assistant director xJ A of the St. Louis (Mo.) Art Museum. Beth Bunoell Griffiths is recording secre- tary of the American Association of Univer- sity Women. She is a resident of Stamford, Conn., where she is a member of the board of directors of the YWCA and is a volunteer for Planned Parenthood. Beth and her hus- band have a five-year-old daughter, Kimber- ley. Elizabeth Neu^som Mohr has been named director of public information at the Atlanta Public Library, "joining the ranks of the em- ployed after sixteen years of being a full-hme mother and volunteer worker." Robert Tunick and his wife, Phyllis, live in Merrick, NY., with their daughters, Debra, 15, and Sandra, 13. Bob owns and operates his own insurance agency in Rockville Centre, NY. £L^ Kathleen Burns Bii'ens is an assistant \J^m professor in the Graduate School of Library and Information Science at UCLA. Nancy Griffith Briggs returned to Belgium in June after she and her husband, an Army lieutenant colonel, had been based in Hawaii for three years. She has taught remedial reading and Sunday School classes in the various counhries where they have lived over the past sixteen years. "Had a visit with Jane DeCourcy Wong several years ago and we as- sured each other that neither of us had aged at all," she says. Carolyn is 14, Sharon, 13, and Clifton, 12. Carol Tartin Gaffney is executive director of ACORN, a psychological treatment service in Philadelphia for employed people with emotional problems. Paul E. Gauthier (A.M.) received his J.D. degree from Suffolk University Law School, Boston, in 1976 and was admitted to the Rhode Island Bar last May. He is an associate professor of English at Bryant College in Smithfield, R.I. Richard T. Harris is president of Rollins, 44 Burdick and Hunter, Philadelphia insurance brokers and consultants. Carolyn Caniall Neivsom received her M.B.A. from the Wharton School of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania in December. She has decided to stay on at Wharton as a Ph.D. candidate and as an instructor in the depart- ment of management. Maj. nomas W. Noy, USAF, is an intelli- gence and targeting officer with the United Nations Command in Seoul, Korea. While with the Air Force, Tom has traveled to more than forty countries and flew more than 1,300 combat hours in Vietnam. Gilbert S. Peirce, a banker, is an assistant director of First National Boston, Ltd. in London, England. Donald B. Paulson is director of marketing for Addison House Publishers and Reed Books, a New Hampshire-based book pub- lisher. Donald lives in New London, N.H. /. David Roessner is a senior policy analyst with Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Golden, Colo. He and his wife, Barbara, live in Evergreen, Colo. Alvin Rosenfeld (A.M., '67 Ph.D.) is pro- fessor of English and director of Jewish studies at Indiana University. In February, the Indiana University Press published Con- fronting the Holocaust: The Impact of Elie Wiesel, which was co-edited by Professor Rosenfeld. Michael S. Sapier reports that after thir- teen years in the trust department of the First National Bank of Chicago he has joined Stephen R. Comar (husband oi Jean Wiener Comar '63) in the Chicago office of Corporate Finance Associates. He is also a member of the board of directors of the Council for Jewish Elderly of Metropolitan Chicago, and is chairman of the Professional Responsibility Committee of the Chicago Bar Association for the year 1978-79. /2 '5 Dorothy Mitchell Evans and her \J\J husband, John, have moved to Bol- ton, Conn., where he is with Gerber Scien- tific Instruments Co., and Dorothy is em- ployed in "full-time mothering" of Sarah, 6, and John III, I. "It's great to be back in New England after eight years in D.C.," she says. "Hope to visit Brown soon." Paul Kuznesof is a research associate in the chemistry department at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland. Stepthen /. Murray and his wife, Linda, report the birth of their second child and first daughter, Cara Sanders, on Nov. 21. The family, which includes Gordon Joshua, 4, lives in Lawrence, Long Island. Steve con- tinues to specialize in the practice of marine transportahon law as an attorney in the law department of Union Carbide Corp. in New York City. David Summers received his Ph.D. in the history of art from Yale in 1969 and, after teaching for two years at Bryn Mawr, is now an associate professor at the University of Pittsburgh. His book, Michelangelo and the Literature of Art, will be published this year. In addition to teaching, Dave paints and has had two one-man shows in the last few years, as well as several regional exhibitions. He is a member of the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton for the 1978-79 year. He and his wife, Nancy, are the parents of "Benjamin, 8, who is mastering the piano. Timothy, 6, who is mastering the violin, and Mary, 2." £L/t Laurence D. Hoffmann, Claremont, vl^ Calif., has had two books pub- lished: Mathematics With Applications (L. Hoffmann & M. Orkin, McGraw-Hill, 1979) and Finite Mathematics With Applications (L. Hoffmann & M. Orkin, McGraw-Hill, 1979). Michael Peters, an ordained Baptist min- ister, is a Navy chaplain assigned to the Naval Air Station at Pensacola, Fla. Charles Pugliese and his wife, Paula, re- port the birth of their son, Kent Alexander, on March 30, 1978. Charles is an assistant counsel with the New York State Depart- ment of Agriculture and Markets. The family lives in East Greenbush, N.Y. Peter C. Ramsey reports that after living in Chicago for six years he and his wife, Maryalice, have moved back to New York. He is an assistant treasurer in the worldwide financial services group of Chemical Bank. Kenneth W. Sharaga was hired in Sep- tember by the Washington Association of Prosecuting Attorneys to lead the prosecu- tion sechon of the state's Medicaid Fraud Control Unit, which investigates and prose- cutes fraud by the providers of Medicaid services. His office is in Seattle. Ruth Shereff is doing weekend newscasts and weekday news reporting on WBAI-FM in New York, a Pacifica listener-sponsored radio station. R. William Spellman, Jr., is manager of in- ternal auditing for General Electric's room air conditioner department in Louisville, Ky. Dr. Richard A. Stone is an associate professor of medicine at the University of California at San Diego. He and his wife and two daughters live in Del Mar, Calif. Dr. Martin R. Thomas is a general and peripheral vascular surgeon at the Palm Beach Medical Group in West Palm Beach, Fla. Peter Tiinms and his wife, Rcimayne, re- port the birth of a son, Christopher Ross Ju- lian, on Sept. 27. Their other children are Matthew, 5, and Zoe, 3. The family lives in Fitchburg, Mass., where Peter is the director of the Fitchburg Art Museum. His book, Flint Impletnents of the Old Stone Age (Shire Publi- cations, England, 1974), is going into a sec- ond edition this year. Wallace A. Wood ('66 M.A.T.) is vice pres- ident of Bryant College, Smithfield, R.I. Turf rather than surf is on the menu for the 15th reunion, but the Outing Club facil- ity at the Haffenreffer Reservation remains the same site as the 10th reunion's festive celebration. Yes, it's a steak fry on the shore of Narragansett Bay, complete with beer of the same name, if not extraction, to reward the faithful returning members of the class of 1964. Write to John Leieis at Brown, Box 1893, Providence, R.I. 02912, to let him know you are coming. f^tZ D''- M'" / '^'('".V. fr-, Rochester, \J