Title Information
Title
"Such a Method of Doing Business": Local Shipping Agents, the Hajj, and the Divide between Corporate and Colonial Priorities in Late 1870s Jeddah
Abstract
Captain George de Jong Beyts served as the British consul in Jeddah from 1874 through 1878. He was also a shipping agent, sent to Jeddah to organize steamships for the British India Steam Navigation Company (BI) and increase the company's involvement in hajj transport. Later, British colonial officials would remember these years as a time of scandal and controversy, resulting from Beyts' personal conflict of interest as both government official and merchant. This story has been preserved in scholarship, where Beyts' tumultuous years in the consulate have become synonymous with the failure of BI's experiment in pilgrim transport. However, these portrayals ignore the importance of both corporate priorities and local power for hajj transport networks through Jeddah. This thesis looks at Beyts' narrative as evidence of the importance of local hajj networks and their connections to British corporate priorities. Specifically, analysis of BI and British Foreign Office archives reveals the importance of Beyts' partnership with a local Hadrami merchant named Syed Mohammed bin Omar Alsagoff. Together, Alsagoff and Beyts chartered steamships and organized hajj transport between Jeddah and Singapore during the late 1870s. Their business adventures were quite successful, yet their combined interests ran counter to an increasing British regulation of native steamship passengers and the hajj. The scandals that worried the British government resulted from the combination of this regulation and Beyts' reliance on Alsagoff's local power. However, Beyts and Alsagoff's relationship ultimately proved more important to BI interests than support of the government. In this way, this relationship between businessmen challenges conceptual separations between local hajj networks and European shipping industries in the 1870s Indian Ocean.
Name: Personal
Name Part
Follett, Margaret
Role
Role Term (marcrelator) (authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators", valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/cre")
creator
Name: Personal
Name Part
Ahmed, Faiz
Role
Role Term (marcrelator) (authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators", valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/ths")
thesis advisor
Name: Personal
Name Part
Toksöz, Meltem
Role
Role Term
reader
Name: Corporate
Name Part
Brown University. Middle East Studies
Role
Role Term: Text
sponsor
Origin Information
Copyright Date
2019
Type of Resource
text
Physical Description
digitalOrigin
born digital
Language
Language Term: Text (ISO639-2B) (authorityURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2.html", valueURI="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/iso639-2/eng")
English
Note: thesis
Senior thesis (AB)--Brown University, 2019
Note (displayLabel="Concentration")
Middle East Studies
Genre (aat)
theses
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00979776")
Topic
Islam
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01243379")
Topic
Indian Ocean
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01207247")
Topic
Saudi Arabia--Jiddah
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01208963")
Topic
Turkey
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/")
Topic
British Empire
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01132443")
Topic
Steamboats
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01205288")
Topic
Singapore
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01209242")
Topic
Indonesia
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/")
Topic
Hajj
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01762343")
Topic
Hadrami (Arab tribe)
Identifier: DOI
10.26300/g9fx-z928
Access Condition: rights statement (href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/")
In Copyright
Access Condition: restriction on access
Collection is open for research.