<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-7.xsd"><mods:titleInfo><mods:title>A review of the risk factors of pre-eclampsia and examination of the association of racism and discrimination in disparities of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy using multi-state PRAMS data</mods:title></mods:titleInfo><mods:typeOfResource authority="primo">dissertations</mods:typeOfResource><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart>Lee, Kiara R</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">creator</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart>Pellowski, Jennifer</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">Advisor</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:name type="personal"><mods:namePart>Dunsiger, Shira</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">Reader</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:name type="corporate"><mods:namePart>Brown University. School of Public Health</mods:namePart><mods:role><mods:roleTerm type="text">sponsor</mods:roleTerm></mods:role></mods:name><mods:originInfo><mods:copyrightDate>2022</mods:copyrightDate></mods:originInfo><mods:physicalDescription><mods:extent>x, 74 p.</mods:extent><mods:digitalOrigin>born digital</mods:digitalOrigin></mods:physicalDescription><mods:note type="thesis">Thesis (Sc. M.)--Brown University, 2022</mods:note><mods:genre authority="aat">theses</mods:genre><mods:abstract>Most of maternal deaths are preventable, and one-quarter of maternal deaths are due to hypertensive conditions of pregnancy, specifically pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. This thesis begins with a literature review on pre-eclampsia from medical, engineering, and public health points of view. Pre-eclampsia is defined clinically, and the biological basis of established risk factors are described. Technologies and statistical models that aid in advancing pre-eclampsia screening worldwide are also explored. The review has suggestions for more robust pre-eclampsia research: diversifying study sites, improving biomarker analytical tools, and more. The risk factor “African American race” did not have sufficient biological evidence despite African American individuals being at a higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia. Race is not a biological construct, yet researchers will often solely consider race as a risk factor when it has been shown that as a social determinant of health, how one is treated based on their race negatively affects their health. &#13;
This thesis then examines the role of racism and/or discrimination in affecting one’s risk of developing a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. Data from 17 sites that asked questions regarding experiences with racism and/or discrimination during pregnancy via the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) Phase 8 (2016-2020) from was used. Regression models were used to estimate odds of hypertensive disorder diagnosis in pregnancy using adjusted models controlling for confounders: biological risk factors, socioeconomic factors, and experiences of racism and/or discrimination. Among participants with live births (N = 69,751), 14.9% of participants stated they were diagnosed with hypertension during pregnancy with non-Hispanic and Hispanic Black individuals having the highest rates (19.8%). 13.1% of participants experienced racism and 15.6% of participants experienced discrimination. Experiencing racism or discrimination increased one’s odds of having hypertension during pregnancy by 1.14 times (CI: 1.00 - 1.31) and 1.30 times (CI: 1.02 - 1.65), respectively. When experiences with discrimination were included, Black individuals did not have statistically significantly higher odds of having hypertension during pregnancy compared to non-Hispanic White individuals. Experiences of racism and discrimination drive racial disparities in hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.</mods:abstract><mods:subject authority="fast" authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast" valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01075044"><mods:topic>Preeclampsia</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>discrimination</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject authority="fast" authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast" valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01075102"><mods:topic>Pregnancy</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>health disparities</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject authority="fast" authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast" valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01086616"><mods:topic>Racism</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>PRAMS</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>biomarkers</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (U.S.)</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>Global Health</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>risk factors</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>allostatic load</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:subject><mods:topic>hypertensive disorders of pregnancy</mods:topic></mods:subject><mods:language><mods:languageTerm authority="iso639-2b">English</mods:languageTerm></mods:language><mods:recordInfo><mods:recordContentSource authority="marcorg">RPB</mods:recordContentSource><mods:recordCreationDate encoding="iso8601">20230602</mods:recordCreationDate></mods:recordInfo></mods:mods>