Title Information
Title
A Multiomics Approach to Evaluate Advances in Liver Transplantation
Type of Resource (primo)
dissertations
Name: Personal
Name Part
Ohman, Anders William
Role
Role Term: Text
creator
Name: Personal
Name Part
Sanders, Jennifer
Role
Role Term: Text
Advisor
Name: Personal
Name Part
Tapinos, Nikos
Role
Role Term: Text
Reader
Name: Personal
Name Part
Reichner, Jonathan
Role
Role Term: Text
Reader
Name: Personal
Name Part
Freiman, Richard
Role
Role Term: Text
Reader
Name: Personal
Name Part
Uygun, Korkut
Role
Role Term: Text
Reader
Name: Corporate
Name Part
Brown University. Biology and Medicine: Pathobiology
Role
Role Term: Text
sponsor
Origin Information
Copyright Date
2023
Physical Description
Extent
xvii, 183 p.
digitalOrigin
born digital
Note: thesis
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brown University, 2023
Genre (aat)
theses
Abstract
Liver transplantation remains the standard of care for liver failure but is constrained by a shortage of organs. Fetal hepatic cell transplantation (HCT) offers a potential therapeutic alternative as fetal hepatocytes persist and proliferate in animal models and human clinical trials, however they cannot be readily procured for clinical use. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) may better preserve donor organs than hypothermic storage and even rehabilitate marginal grafts with or without the addition of adjuvants in the perfusion solution, but it is not commonly employed in the clinic. For both HCT and NMP, it is critical to develop a mechanistic understanding of these techniques’ effects on cell biology using multiomics. Pre- and post-HCT fetal and adult rat liver were collected using laser capture microdissection or immunopurification. Human donor livers rejected for transplantation were analyzed for functional metrics and biopsied before and during NMP. Epigenomic histone post-translational modification (hPTM) profiles and the perfusate proteome were quantified by mass spectrometry, and the transcriptome was quantified by next-gen mRNA sequencing. Fetal colonies retained a distinct subset of hPTM abundance and mRNA expression patterns in common with pre-transplant cells. These retained differences may drive the competitive growth advantage seen in fetal cells post-transplant and could potentially be harnessed to improve HCT outcomes. Significant hPTMs were all on Histone H3 and have known associations with gene transcription activity, and the colony DEGs reflect enrichment of biological processes associated with ion transport. Following NMP, we found approximately half of the perfused discarded human livers met functional criteria for transplantation. These livers expressed a significantly different pattern of gene expression at both 3 and 6 hours of perfusion, with functional livers expressing suppressed apoptosis and activated autophagy. A follow-up study applying caspase inhibition during NMP resulted in treated livers more closely resembling adequately functional donor livers than inadequately functional ones, and reduced expression of apoptosis biomarkers. Both studies inform potential pharmacological interventions to improve these techniques.
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01000617")
Topic
Liver
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01079714")
Topic
Proteins--Analysis
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00957680")
Topic
Histones
Subject
Topic
multi-omic data
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01000691")
Topic
Liver--Transplantation
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/00923393")
Topic
Fetal liver cells--Transplantation
Subject (fast) (authorityURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast", valueURI="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/01017395")
Topic
Messenger RNA--Analysis
Language
Language Term (ISO639-2B)
English
Record Information
Record Content Source (marcorg)
RPB
Record Creation Date (encoding="iso8601")
20230207
Identifier: DOI
10.26300/6ca2-b727