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Contributor:: Kwara, Awewura (creator); DeLong, Allison (creator); Rezk, Naser (creator); Hogan, Joseph W. (creator); Burtwell, Heather (creator); Chapman, Stacy (creator); Moreira, Carla C. (creator); Kurpewski, Jaclyn (creator); Ingersoll, Jessica (creator); Caliendo, Angela M. (creator); Kashuba, Angela (creator); Cu-Uvin, Susan (creator)
Genre:: articles
Subject:: Antiviral agents; HIV; Health; Public health
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/527387

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Abstract:: Objective. Our objective was to determine antiretroviral drug concentrations and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA rebound in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) in relation to blood plasma (BP) in women receiving suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods. Thirty-four HIV-infected women who had plasma HIV RNA levels ≤80 copies/mL for at least 6 months were enrolled. Sixty-eight paired CVF and BP drug concentrations and HIV RNA levels were determined before and 3-4 h after drug administration. For each woman and antiretroviral drug, the CVF:BP drug concentration ratios before and after drug administration were calculated. The nonparametric Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to determine if these ratios were different from 1.0. Results. Lamivudine (administered to 20 patients) and tenofovir (administered to 16) had significantly higher concentrations in CVF than in BP before drug administration, with mean CVF:BP concentration ratios of 3.19 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-8.5) and 5.2 (95% confidence interval, 1.2-22.6), respectively. Efavirenz (administered to 13 patients) and lopinavir (administered to 6) had significantly lower concentrations in CVF, with mean CVF: BP concentration ratios of 0.01 (95% confidence interval, 0.00-0.03) and 0.03 (0.01-0.11), respectively. During the study visit (median time after enrollment, 6 months), BP and CVF detectable HIV RNA levels were observed 7 patients (20.6%) and 1 patient (2.9%), respectively. Conclusion. Despite lower CVF concentrations of key HAART components, such as efavirenz and lopinavir, virologic rebound was rare. The high concentrations of tenofovir and lamivudine in CVF may have implications for the prevention of sexual transmission during HAART and for pre-exposure or postexposure prophylaxis.

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Kwara, Awewura, DeLong, Allison, Rezk, Naser, et al., "Antiretroviral drug concentrations and HIV RNA in the genital tract of HIV-infected women receiving long-term highly active antiretroviral Therapy" Open Publications at Brown. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library. https://doi.org/10.1086/527387

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Open Publications at Brown

This collection contains public access and open access versions of scholarly publications authored and deposited by Brown University scholars, including faculty publications in compliance with the Brown Faculty Open Access Policy
Faculty and student publications include open access articles and …

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Antiretroviral drug concentrations and HIV RNA in the genital tract of HIV-infected women receiving long-term highly active antiretroviral Therapy