Mindfulness-Based Interventions as a Mechanism for Improving Medical Regimen Adherence: Predictors of Formal Mindfulness Meditation Adherence During and After a Mindfulness Intervention &amp; Self-Related Targets Engaged by Mindfulness-Based Interventions

Peters, Sarah Isabelle

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Year:: 2017
Contributor:: Peters, Sarah Isabelle (creator); Locks, Eric (Reader); Britton, Willoughby (Advisor); Brown University. School of Public Health (sponsor)
Genre:: theses
Subject:: Public health; Mindfulness; Mindfulness-based Interventions; Systematic reviews (Medical research); Patient compliance; self regulation
Extent:: viii, 100 p.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7301/Z0BK19SF

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Abstract:: PART I) Background: Nonadherence to medical regimens is one of the major causes of healthcare spending in America. Meanwhile, mindfulness meditation interventions have gained popularity as effective treatments in both clinical and non-clinical populations. Objective: This study aims to identify which baseline variables are associated with meditation adherence during and after a mindfulness-based intervention; which variables can be changed through the mindfulness intervention; and, of these changed variables, which are able to predict adherence to meditation post-intervention. Methods: This study uses Pearson correlations and linear regressions to identify the relationships between six self-regulation (personality, executive function, emotion regulation, psychopathology, social support, and spiritual factors) assessment variables and meditation adherence during and after an eight-week mindfulness intervention. Results: Baseline levels of conscientiousness, openness, and depression were found to significantly predict adherence during the intervention. Further, baseline levels of conscientiousness and depression, and week-eight measures of socializing skills, imitative behaviors, and existential factors significantly predicted adherence during follow-up. Almost all putative variables changed significantly during the intervention, yet only changes in mindfulness and depression were found to significantly predict adherence during follow-up. Conclusion: This study observed that baseline levels of personality and psychopathology can predict meditation adherence during the intervention. It was also observed that measures of personality, psychopathology, and social support predicted post-intervention adherence to meditation. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and more fully understand the relationship between spirituality, social factors, and medical adherence. PART II) Background: Medical regimen adherence is a crucial component in managing chronic health conditions. This adherence is frequently limited by a person’s ability for self-regulation. Self-regulation consists of managing cognitive processing, emotion regulation, and self-related processes. Research suggests that mindfulness-based interventions (MBI), such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), are promising methods for improving self-regulation. Objective: This study examines what constructs and assays of self-related processes are used in randomized controlled trials of MBSR or MBCT. The present study also provides a description of the state of evidence supporting that MBIs are effective for improving self-related processes. Methods: For this systematic review, the databases of PubMed, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and ERIC were searched for terms relevant to mindfulness meditation and self-related processes. Studies were limited to English-only, human-only randomized controlled trials with all participants over the age of 18 years old as well as a minimum of ten participants in the MBI group. Results: The final search yielded 10,595 studies. These were doubled-screened by a six person review team and narrowed down to 1,771 studies. These full-text publications were further screened for inclusion, and the data from 87 studies were extracted. Twelve studies reported an outcome directly related to a construct in the self-related processes domain and were included in this present study. Conclusions: The primary areas of self-related processes assessed by studies of MBSR and MBCT are prosocial behaviors, self-compassion, and self-related rumination. The results of this study also demonstrate the need for further research on the impact of MBIs on self-related processes.
Notes:: Thesis (M. P. H.)--Brown University, 2017

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Peters, Sarah Isabelle, "Mindfulness-Based Interventions as a Mechanism for Improving Medical Regimen Adherence: Predictors of Formal Mindfulness Meditation Adherence During and After a Mindfulness Intervention & Self-Related Targets Engaged by Mindfulness-Based Interventions" (2017). Public Health Theses and Dissertations. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library. https://doi.org/10.7301/Z0BK19SF

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Public Health Theses and Dissertations

Theses and Dissertations for the Public Health department.
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Mindfulness-Based Interventions as a Mechanism for Improving Medical Regimen Adherence: Predictors of Formal Mindfulness Meditation Adherence During and After a Mindfulness Intervention & Self-Related Targets Engaged by Mindfulness-Based Interventions